Drilling machine for engineering construction

Abstract

The drilling machine for engineering construction relates to the technical field of drilling equipment and comprises a spindle box, a spindle rod is rotatably mounted in the spindle box, an upper outer cylinder is fixedly mounted at the end, away from the spindle box, of the spindle rod, and a connecting cylinder is fixedly mounted at the end, away from the spindle rod, of the upper outer cylinder; a lower outer cylinder is fixedly installed at the end, away from the upper outer cylinder, of the connecting cylinder, a drill bit is fixedly installed at the end, away from the connecting cylinder, of the lower outer cylinder, a plurality of upper serrated knives are rotatably installed in the upper outer cylinder, and a plurality of lower serrated knives are rotatably installed in the lower outer cylinder. According to the device, inner holes with different sizes can be formed in the deep position of a drilled hole, the construction requirements of the type can be reduced, the number of earthwork excavated by a construction party can be reduced, and the engineering efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to a drilling machine for engineering construction. Background Art

[0002] In modern underground engineering and deep foundation construction, the underground excavation method is widely used due to its advantages such as little interference with the surface environment and strong adaptability. However, it faces many technical bottlenecks in traditional underground excavation construction, especially in achieving efficient drilling and precise hole expansion in complex strata.

[0003] Existing drilling machinery usually uses a drill bit with a fixed diameter. If it is necessary to form internal holes of different sizes during the drilling process (such as expanding the local hole diameter to meet the needs of support structure or pipeline installation), it is often necessary to replace the drill bit or add a hole expansion device. This will require multiple replacements to achieve the drilling purpose, which not only prolongs the construction period, but may also cause the stability of the hole wall to decrease due to repeated entry and exit of the hole, increasing the risk of hole collapse. In addition, traditional equipment is difficult to solve the soil discharge problem simultaneously during the drilling process, especially in deep hole operations, where drill cuttings are easily accumulated at the bottom of the hole, hindering drilling efficiency and even causing drill jamming accidents.

[0004] Another pain point of current technology is earthwork volume control. To ensure construction safety, traditional underground excavation methods often adopt conservative drilling parameters, resulting in the actual excavation section being larger than the design requirements, causing a large amount of redundant earthwork, increasing transportation costs and environmental burden. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drilling machine for engineering construction comprises a spindle box, a spindle rod is rotatably installed in the spindle box, an upper outer cylinder is fixedly installed on the end of the spindle rod away from the spindle box, a connecting cylinder is fixedly installed on the end of the upper outer cylinder away from the spindle rod, a lower outer cylinder is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting cylinder away from the upper outer cylinder, the outer diameter of the lower outer cylinder is the same as that of the upper outer cylinder, a drill bit is fixedly installed on the end of the lower outer cylinder away from the connecting cylinder, a plurality of upper tooth cutters are rotatably installed in the upper outer cylinder, and a plurality of lower tooth cutters are rotatably installed in the lower outer cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper tooth knife is a rectangular parallelepiped, and a large arc surface is provided on the upper tooth knife away from the connection point between the upper tooth knife and the upper outer cylinder. This large arc surface is used to improve the utilization rate of the upper tooth knife. A plurality of raised columns are provided on the large arc surface and the plane of the upper tooth knife for digging soil. The upper tooth knife is retracted inside the upper outer cylinder in the initial state.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower tooth cutter is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a small arc surface is provided at one end of the lower tooth cutter away from the connection point between the lower tooth cutter and the lower outer cylinder. A plurality of protruding columns are provided on the small arc surface of the lower tooth cutter and the connecting plane for digging soil. The lower tooth cutter is retracted inside the lower outer cylinder in the initial state.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of adjusting rods are slidably installed on the spindle rod, and the adjusting rods are evenly distributed inside the spindle rod. An adjusting disk is rotatably installed on one end of the adjusting rod, and the adjusting disk is arranged in the spindle box and slidably connected to the spindle box. The adjusting disk controls the adjusting rod to slide inside the spindle rod, and an adjusting screw is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the spindle box. The adjusting screw is connected to the adjusting disk by a thread, and the adjusting screw is used to drive the adjusting disk to slide on the spindle box.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjusting rod is slidingly connected to the upper outer cylinder, the connecting cylinder and the lower outer cylinder respectively, and two connecting rods are rotatably installed on the adjusting rod, and the connecting rods are rotatably connected to the upper tooth cutter and the lower tooth cutter respectively. The connecting rod in the upper outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper tooth cutter, and the connecting rod in the lower outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the lower tooth cutter. When the adjusting rod moves in the main shaft rod toward the drill bit, the adjusting rod can drive the upper tooth cutter to rotate through the connecting rod, which will make the upper tooth cutter rotate a certain angle around the connection between the upper tooth cutter and the upper outer cylinder. At the same time, the adjusting rod will also drive the lower tooth cutter to rotate through another connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a large toothed disc is provided on the outer wall of the spindle rod in the spindle box, a main motor is also fixedly installed in the spindle box, a belt is provided on the output shaft of the main motor, a small gear is rotatably installed in the spindle box, the small gear is engaged with the large toothed disc, and the other end of the belt is provided on the small gear. When the main motor is started, the main motor drives the large toothed disc and the spindle rod to rotate through the belt and the small gear.

[0012] Furthermore, an upper rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the spindle box, a conveying motor is fixedly mounted on one end of the upper rotating shaft away from the spindle box, a conveying screw is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the conveying motor, the conveying screw is used to convey the soil drilled by the device, and a slag discharge port is provided on the upper rotating shaft, the slag discharge port is used to dump the soil conveyed by the conveying screw out of the device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) the present invention can form inner holes of different sizes deep in the borehole by rotating the upper and lower tooth cutters, which not only reduces the requirements for such construction, but also reduces the amount of earth excavated by the construction party, thereby improving engineering efficiency; (2) the present invention can transport soil from deep in the borehole by arranging a conveying screw in the main shaft, allowing the present invention to continue excavating and improving the drilling speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the spindle box, slag discharge port, upper rotating shaft, spindle rod, and adjustment disk of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the large toothed disc of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the main shaft rod, upper outer cylinder, connecting cylinder, drill bit and lower outer cylinder of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the upper and lower tooth cutters of the present invention in use.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft rod, upper outer cylinder, connecting cylinder, drill bit and lower outer cylinder of the present invention in a cutaway state.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in use within a drill hole.

[0022] Figure markings: 101-spindle box; 102-slag discharge port; 103-conveying motor; 104-upper rotating shaft; 105-conveying screw; 106-main motor; 107-belt; 108-small gear; 109-adjusting screw; 110-large gear plate; 201-spindle rod; 202-slide; 203-upper outer cylinder; 204-upper toothed cutter; 205-connecting cylinder; 206-lower toothed cutter; 207-drill bit; 208-lower outer cylinder; 301-adjusting disk; 302-adjusting rod; 303-connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a plurality of fixing devices are provided on the outer wall of the spindle box 101 for fixing the driving part of the device. A handle or other device for holding the device can also be provided on the outside of the spindle box 101. An upper rotating shaft 104 is fixedly installed on the spindle box 101. A conveying motor 103 is fixedly installed on the end of the upper rotating shaft 104 away from the spindle box 101. A conveying screw 105 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the conveying motor 103. The conveying screw 105 is used to convey the soil drilled by the device. A slag discharge port 102 is provided on the upper rotating shaft 104. The slag discharge port 102 is used to dump the soil conveyed by the conveying screw 105 out of the device. When the device is working, the conveying motor 103 is started, and the soil in the drilled hole of the device is conveyed out by rotating the conveying screw 105.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a main spindle rod 201 is rotatably installed in the spindle box 101, and the axis of the main spindle rod 201 is aligned with the axis of the upper rotating shaft 104 and the conveying screw 105. One end of the main spindle rod 201 is rotatably connected to the upper rotating shaft 104, and a large toothed disc 110 is provided on the outer wall of the main spindle rod 201 in the spindle box 101. A main motor 106 is also fixedly installed in the spindle box 101, and a belt 107 is provided on the output shaft of the main motor 106. A small gear 108 is rotatably installed in the spindle box 101, and the small gear 108 is engaged with the large toothed disc 110. The other end of the belt 107 is provided on the small gear 108. When the main motor 106 is started, the main motor 106 drives the large toothed disc 110 and the main spindle rod 201 to rotate through the belt 107 and the small gear 108, so that the device can work normally.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an upper outer cylinder 203 is fixedly mounted on one end of the spindle rod 201 away from the spindle box 101, and the outer diameter of the upper outer cylinder 203 is at least 4 mm larger than the outer diameter of the spindle rod 201; a connecting cylinder 205 is fixedly mounted on one end of the upper outer cylinder 203 away from the spindle rod 201, and the outer diameter of the connecting cylinder 205 is the same as the outer diameter of the spindle rod 201; a lower outer cylinder 208 is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting cylinder 205 away from the upper outer cylinder 203, and the outer diameter of the lower outer cylinder 208 is the same as the outer diameter of the upper outer cylinder 203; a drill bit 207 is fixedly mounted on one end of the lower outer cylinder 208 away from the connecting cylinder 205, and the drill bit 207 can be replaced with other forms, such as a roller drill bit, a scraper drill bit, etc. A plurality of conveying holes are provided at the connection between the lower outer cylinder 208 and the drill bit 207, and the conveying holes are used to allow soil to enter the spindle rod 201, so that the soil can be conveyed to the outside of the device through the connecting cylinder 205.

[0027] like Figures 3 to 8As shown, a plurality of upper serrated knives 204 are rotatably installed in the upper outer cylinder 203. The upper serrated knives 204 are a rectangular parallelepiped. A large arc surface is provided on the upper serrated knives 204 away from the connection point between the upper serrated knives 204 and the upper outer cylinder 203. The large arc surface is used to improve the utilization rate of the upper serrated knives 204. A plurality of raised columns are provided on the large arc surface and the plane of the upper serrated knives 204 for digging soil. The upper serrated knives 204 are retracted inside the upper outer cylinder 203 in the initial state.

[0028] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, a plurality of lower serrated blades 206 are rotatably installed in the lower outer cylinder 208. The lower serrated blades 206 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. A small arc surface is provided at one end of the lower serrated blade 206 away from the connection point between the lower serrated blade 206 and the lower outer cylinder 208. A plurality of protruding columns are provided on the small arc surface of the lower serrated blade 206 and the connecting plane for digging soil. The lower serrated blade 206 is retracted inside the lower outer cylinder 208 in the initial state. The lower serrated blade 206 has the same function as the upper serrated blade 204. The difference between the lower serrated blade 206 and the upper serrated blade 204 is the length. The upper serrated blade 204 is longer than the lower serrated blade 206.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, a plurality of adjusting rods 302 are slidably installed on the spindle rod 201, and the adjusting rods 302 are evenly distributed in the spindle rod 201. An adjusting disk 301 is rotatably installed on one end of the adjusting rod 302, and the adjusting disk 301 is set in the spindle box 101 and slidably connected to the spindle box 101. The adjusting disk 301 controls the adjusting rod 302 to slide in the spindle rod 201, and an adjusting screw 109 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the spindle box 101. The adjusting screw 109 is connected to the adjusting disk 301 by a thread, and the adjusting screw 109 is used to drive the adjusting disk 301 to slide on the spindle box 101.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the adjusting rod 302 is slidably connected to the upper outer cylinder 203, the connecting cylinder 205, and the lower outer cylinder 208 respectively. Two connecting rods 303 are rotatably installed on the adjusting rod 302. The connecting rods 303 are rotatably connected to the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 respectively. The connecting rod 303 in the upper outer cylinder 203 is rotatably connected to the upper tooth cutter 204, and the connecting rod 303 in the lower outer cylinder 208 is rotatably connected to the lower tooth cutter 206. The adjusting rod 302 is moved closer to the drill bit in the spindle rod 201. When the upper toothed knife 204 moves in the direction of 207, the adjusting rod 302 can drive the upper toothed knife 204 to rotate through the connecting rod 303, which will cause the upper toothed knife 204 to rotate a certain angle around the connection between the upper toothed knife 204 and the upper outer cylinder 203. At the same time, the adjusting rod 302 will also drive the lower toothed knife 206 to rotate through another connecting rod 303, allowing the lower toothed knife 206 to rotate around the connection between the lower toothed knife 206 and the lower outer cylinder 208. In this way, the upper toothed knife 204 and the lower toothed knife 206 of the device can be deployed in the device. This state is as shown in FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this state, the device is used to expand the space in the hole. When the device moves downward and rotates, the lower tooth cutter 206 and the upper tooth cutter 204 also act as a drill bit, so that the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 of the device can rotate together, allowing the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 to dig the soil.

[0031] When the device is in use, with the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 of the device not unfolded, the device is in normal use. In this state, when drilling in the soil, the soil is generally loosened by the drill bit 207, and then the loosened soil enters the main shaft 201 through the conveying hole at the connection between the lower outer cylinder 208 and the drill bit 207, and is then transported to the outside of the device through the conveying screw 105 in the main shaft 201.

[0032] When the present device needs to adopt the dark excavation method, it is necessary to form an inner hole with a diameter larger than that of the drill bit 207 in the hollow, and to do so without changing the diameter of other holes. At this time, the adjusting screw 109 can be rotated to drive the adjusting disk 301 to move in the spindle box 101, so that the adjusting disk 301 can move with the adjusting rod 302 toward the drill bit 207, and the adjusting rod 302 can drive the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 to rotate through the connecting rod 303. When the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 rotate, the main shaft 201 and the drill bit 207 need to work normally, so the rotation of the main shaft 201 at this time can make the upper tooth cutter 204 and the connecting tube 205 contact the inner wall of the drill hole, and then the upper tooth cutter 204 and the lower tooth cutter 206 are used to dig the soil on the inner wall of the drill hole, and the soil that falls down will be collected in the conveying hole, and then the soil can be transported to the outside of the device through the conveying hole. After the device moves a distance, the device can produce Figure 8 The drill hole shape shown in the figure not only facilitates subsequent construction and pouring, but also forms the shape required for construction in one go. When in use, this device can only be applied to soil layer construction, and the drill hole depth during construction cannot be too deep to avoid the upper rotating shaft 104 being unable to transport soil out of the drill hole.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling machine for engineering construction, comprising a spindle box (101), characterized in that: A main spindle (201) is rotatably mounted in the main spindle box (101), an upper outer cylinder (203) is fixedly mounted on one end of the main spindle (201) away from the main spindle box (101), a connecting cylinder (205) is fixedly mounted on one end of the upper outer cylinder (203) away from the main spindle (201), a lower outer cylinder (208) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting cylinder (205) away from the upper outer cylinder (203), the outer diameter of the lower outer cylinder (208) is the same as the outer diameter of the upper outer cylinder (203), a drill bit (207) is fixedly mounted on one end of the lower outer cylinder (208) away from the connecting cylinder (205), a plurality of upper tooth cutters (204) are rotatably mounted in the upper outer cylinder (203), and a plurality of lower tooth cutters (206) are rotatably mounted in the lower outer cylinder (208); The upper toothed cutter (204) is a rectangular parallelepiped. A large arc surface is provided on the upper toothed cutter (204) away from the connection point between the upper toothed cutter (204) and the upper outer cylinder (203). The large arc surface is used to improve the utilization rate of the upper toothed cutter (204). A plurality of protruding columns are provided on the large arc surface and the plane of the upper toothed cutter (204) for digging soil. The upper toothed cutter (204) is retracted inside the upper outer cylinder (203) in an initial state. The lower tooth cutter (206) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. A small arc surface is provided at one end of the lower tooth cutter (206) away from the connection point between the lower tooth cutter (206) and the lower outer cylinder (208). A plurality of protruding columns are provided on the small arc surface of the lower tooth cutter (206) and the connecting plane for digging soil. In the initial state, the lower tooth cutter (206) is retracted inside the lower outer cylinder (208).

2. The drilling machine for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of adjusting rods (302) are slidably mounted on the spindle rod (201), and the adjusting rods (302) are evenly distributed in the spindle rod (201). An adjusting disk (301) is rotatably mounted on one end of the adjusting rod (302), and the adjusting disk (301) is arranged in the spindle box (101) and slidably connected to the spindle box (101). The adjusting disk (301) controls the adjusting rod (302) to slide in the spindle rod (201). An adjusting screw rod (109) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the spindle box (101), and the adjusting screw rod (109) is connected to the adjusting disk (301) by a thread, and the adjusting screw rod (109) is used to drive the adjusting disk (301) to slide on the spindle box (101).

3. The drilling machine for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (302) is slidably connected to the upper outer cylinder (203), the connecting cylinder (205), and the lower outer cylinder (208), and two connecting rods (303) are rotatably mounted on the adjusting rod (302). The connecting rods (303) are rotatably connected to the upper toothed knife (204) and the lower toothed knife (206), respectively. The connecting rod (303) in the upper outer cylinder (203) is rotatably connected to the upper toothed knife (204), and the connecting rod (303) in the lower outer cylinder (208) is rotatably connected to the upper toothed knife (204). The adjusting rod (302) is rotatably connected to the lower tooth cutter (206). When the adjusting rod (302) moves in the spindle rod (201) toward the drill bit (207), the adjusting rod (302) can drive the upper tooth cutter (204) to rotate through the connecting rod (303), which will cause the upper tooth cutter (204) to rotate a certain angle around the connection between the upper tooth cutter (204) and the upper outer cylinder (203). At the same time, the adjusting rod (302) will also drive the lower tooth cutter (206) to rotate through another connecting rod (303).

4. The drilling machine for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle rod (201) is provided with a large toothed disc (110) on the outer wall of the spindle box (101), and a main motor (106) is fixedly installed in the spindle box (101). A belt (107) is provided on the output shaft of the main motor (106). A small gear (108) is rotatably installed in the spindle box (101), and the small gear (108) is engaged with the large toothed disc (110). The other end of the belt (107) is provided on the small gear (108). When the main motor (106) is started, the main motor (106) drives the large toothed disc (110) and the spindle rod (201) to rotate through the belt (107) and the small gear (108).

5. The drilling machine for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper rotating shaft (104) is fixedly mounted on the spindle box (101); a conveying motor (103) is fixedly mounted on one end of the upper rotating shaft (104) away from the spindle box (101); a conveying screw (105) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the conveying motor (103); the conveying screw (105) is used to convey soil drilled by the device; a slag discharge port (102) is provided on the upper rotating shaft (104); the slag discharge port (102) is used to dump the soil conveyed by the conveying screw (105) out of the device.

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