A slag collection device and method for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a slag collection device and method for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, belonging to the field of excavation construction technology. The slag collection device includes a slag collection bucket disposed at the bottom of the vertical shaft; several telescopic cylinders disposed around the outer ring of the upper opening of the slag collection bucket, with the telescopic ends of the cylinders having support seats that abut against the top of the vertical shaft; a top platform with several nozzles equidistantly arranged along the circumference, the nozzle openings facing vertically upwards; and a slag collection inner sleeve slidably disposed at the port of the slag collection bucket, with an upper opening and fixedly connected to the support seats. This invention reduces dust generated during borehole expansion, ensuring air quality in underground caverns and improving the working environment. By aligning the upper opening of the slag collection bucket with the guide shaft, slag discharged from the guide shaft can be directly collected by the slag collection bucket, preventing slag from splashing everywhere and reducing the area of ​​dust diffusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a slag collection device and method for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, belonging to the field of excavation and construction technology. Background Technology

[0002] Before the formal excavation of the shaft, it is usually necessary to drill a guide shaft with a small diameter at the excavation point to facilitate the subsequent cleaning of the excavation debris. The debris falls into the underground cavern through the guide shaft for centralized treatment.

[0003] Currently, construction waste is usually collected and transferred using conveyor belts or transport vehicles. However, since the construction waste falls directly into the underground cavern through the guide shaft, it generates a large amount of dust when entering the underground cavern from the guide shaft, causing dust to permeate the tunnel and affecting normal construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slag collection device and method for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, which solves the problem of a large amount of dust generated during the slag collection process in the prior art.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, comprising a slag collection bucket, which is set at the bottom of the vertical shaft, and the upper opening of the slag collection bucket is aligned with the guide shaft;

[0006] Several telescopic hydraulic cylinders are equidistantly arranged on the outer ring of the upper opening of the slag collection bucket, and the telescopic end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is provided with a support seat that abuts against the top of the shaft.

[0007] A top platform is located at the opening of the fixed end of the telescopic cylinder. Several nozzles are equidistantly arranged on the top platform along the circumferential direction, and the nozzle openings face vertically upward.

[0008] The slag collection inner sleeve is slidably disposed at the port of the slag collection bucket, with an open upper end and fixedly connected to the support base.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, dust generated during the borehole enlargement process can be reduced, ensuring air quality in the underground cavern and improving the working environment. By aligning the upper opening of the slag collection bucket with the guide shaft, the slag discharged from the guide shaft can be directly collected by the slag collection bucket, thus preventing slag from splashing everywhere and reducing the area of ​​dust diffusion.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: a dustproof curtain is provided on the support base, the dustproof curtain is made of flexible material, and the dustproof curtain expands and contracts as the support base rises and falls.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a dustproof curtain can be formed after the oil cylinder extends, thereby preventing the spread of dust and reducing environmental pollution.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: an annular airflow disk is provided at the upper end of the nozzle, the annular airflow disk is provided with dense small holes at the upper end, the inner cavity of the annular airflow disk is connected to the nozzle, and an aerosol tube is connected to the outside of the nozzle.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the material sprayed from the nozzle is dispersed into particles by the annular airflow disk, thereby forming a larger air curtain or mist curtain, increasing its contact rate with dust, and forming a separate barrier area, further reducing the dust generated during the discharge of slag and improving air quality.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the substance introduced into the aerosol tube is any one of gas, liquid, or a mixture of gas and liquid.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, different substances can be selected for spraying according to different working conditions, thereby reducing dust diffusion and avoiding the formation of mud by dust adhering to a large amount of liquid. When the discharged slag has a high moisture content, air is supplied to the aerosol pipe; when the moisture content is low, liquid water is supplied to the aerosol pipe; and when the moisture content is moderate, a mixture of gas and liquid is supplied to the aerosol pipe.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: a guide plate is provided on the vertical rock strata above the annular airflow disk, the guide plate being U-shaped in general, with its opening facing the annular airflow disk.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement direction of the aerosol sprayed from the nozzle can be changed, so that it can move in the opposite direction to both sides after being sprayed onto the guide plate, thereby increasing the thickness of the entire aerosol formation and improving the dust blocking effect.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag collection bucket is provided with an outwardly protruding arched base.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag falling into the slag collection bucket can be buffered to a certain extent, reducing the impact of the slag on the device.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: a buffer spring is provided between the outer arched base and the bottom of the slag collection bucket, and a slag chute is also provided on the slag collection bucket, and an open channel is provided between the slag chute and the slag collection bucket.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the buffering effect is further improved and the impact force of the excavated soil is reduced. When the excavated soil is discharged into the slag collection bucket, the downward sliding impact kinetic energy is offset by the buffer spring, and the buffer spring is compressed. When the excavated soil is discharged, the buffer spring rebounds.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that: a baffle is provided on the outer ring of the outer arched base, and the baffle seals the opening between the slag chute and the slag collection bucket when the outer arched base is at its highest point.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag in the slag collection bucket can be gradually and quickly discharged, preventing the slag from blocking the opening between the slag chute and the slag collection bucket, thus improving slag chuting efficiency. During slag discharge, the slag is discharged into the slag collection bucket. When the slag accumulation height exceeds the height of the baffle, the entire baffle is pressed down to its lowest point, fully opening the opening between the slag collection bucket and the slag chute, allowing the slag to continuously flow into the slag chute. Due to the kinetic energy of the falling slag, it continuously impacts the entire baffle, causing the baffle to rise and fall continuously. This, in turn, causes the slag in the entire slag collection bucket to rise and fall, improving the fluidity of the slag, accelerating the slag discharge speed, and preventing slag accumulation and blockage.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that: an abutment plate is provided at the end of the support base that abuts against the rock surface at the bottom of the shaft.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, anti-slip textures, anchoring holes, or shear keys can be added to the surface of the abutment plate to resist horizontal sliding or rock strata displacement and improve the anti-disturbance capability of the support base.

[0026] This application also relates to a method for collecting slag in a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, specifically including the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Use a directional drilling rig to construct directional holes with a diameter greater than 200mm;

[0028] Step 2: Enlarge the directional hole from bottom to top in Step 1 to form a directional guide hole with a diameter greater than 300mm;

[0029] Step 3: Using a reverse drilling rig, enlarge the directional guide hole from bottom to top in Step 2 to form a directional guide well with a diameter greater than 2000mm;

[0030] Step 4: Install a slag collection device below the directional guide shaft. By controlling the extension cylinder to extend outward, push the support seat to contact the rock strata below the shaft, and spray mist outward through the nozzle.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, a directional guide shaft is formed for the discharge of excavated soil. The excavated soil is discharged into a slag collection bucket through the directional guide shaft, which can prevent the excavated soil from accumulating at the bottom of the shaft during drilling and reaming, thereby improving the drilling speed. At the same time, the directional guide shaft can guide the tunneling machine during drilling, improving the accuracy of drilling.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] The muck collection bin allows for the rapid collection and transportation of excavated material generated during the tunneling process to a designated location, preventing muck accumulation, reducing dust generated during drilling, and improving air quality in underground caverns. The nozzles and dust curtains further trap dust generated after the excavated material falls within the collection bin, preventing it from spreading outwards.

[0034] The outer arched base, combined with the buffer spring and baffle, can buffer the falling slag and reduce the impact force on the entire collection device. The buffer spring can rebound upward during the gap of impact, pushing the slag in the baffle to rise. After being impacted, it is compressed again, thus achieving repeated rising and falling, so that the slag can quickly enter the opening between the slag collection bucket and the slag chute, improving the slag discharge efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage process of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Slag collection bucket; 2. Vertical shaft; 3. Directional guide shaft; 4. Telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 5. Support base; 6. Top platform; 7. Nozzle; 8. Slag collection inner sleeve; 9. Dustproof curtain; 10. Annular airflow disc; 11. Guide plate; 12. Outer arched base; 13. Buffer spring; 14. Slag chute; 15. Baffle; 16. Dustproof bag; 17. Abutment plate; 18. Conveyor belt; 19. Collection vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To facilitate a clear understanding of the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine includes a slag collection bucket 1, which is disposed at the bottom of a vertical shaft 2, with the upper opening of the slag collection bucket 1 aligned with a directional guide shaft 3; a plurality of telescopic hydraulic cylinders 4 equidistantly disposed around the outer ring of the upper opening of the slag collection bucket 1, with the telescopic end of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4 having a support seat 5 that abuts against the top of the vertical shaft 2; a top platform 6 disposed at the fixed end opening of each telescopic hydraulic cylinder 4, with a plurality of nozzles 7 equidistantly disposed along the circumferential direction on the top platform 6, the nozzles 7 having openings vertically upward; and a slag collection inner sleeve 8 slidably disposed at the port of the slag collection bucket 1, with an open upper end and fixedly connected to the support seat 5.

[0042] Specifically, the slag collection bucket 1 has four supporting feet on its outer bottom ring and a supporting platform in the middle of its bottom. A smaller-diameter extension end extends upwards from the upper opening of the slag collection bucket 1, and the inner slag collection sleeve 8 slides and engages in this extension end, rising and falling synchronously with the supporting seat 5 at the end of the telescopic cylinder 4. The bottom of the fixed end of the telescopic cylinder 4 is bolted to the larger-diameter end of the slag collection bucket 1. The top platform 6 has mounting holes equidistantly distributed along its circumference, the same number as the telescopic cylinder 4. The upper end of the fixed end of the telescopic cylinder 4 passes through these mounting holes, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 4 extends out through the opening at the upper end of its fixed end.

[0043] In this embodiment, by setting the entire device directly below the directional guide shaft 3, and controlling the telescopic cylinder 4 to extend upwards, the support base 5 abuts against the rock strata below the shaft 2, providing support to the rock strata, increasing the support strength of the remaining rock strata, and increasing the maximum excavation depth that the subsequent tunneling machine can reach. The slag collection inner sleeve 8 slides up and down with the support base 5, adapting to shafts 2 at different heights.

[0044] Furthermore, an abutment plate 17 is provided at the upper end of the support base 5. The surface of the abutment plate 17 is provided with anti-slip texture, anchoring holes or anti-shear keys to resist horizontal sliding or rock strata displacement and improve the anti-disturbance ability of the support base 5.

[0045] Furthermore, a dustproof curtain 9 is provided on the support base 5. The dustproof curtain 9 is made of flexible material and expands and contracts as the support base 5 rises and falls. The dustproof curtain 9 is suspended on the outside of the support base 5 by multiple hooks, encompassing the entire opening of the slag collection inner sleeve 8 within its inner ring.

[0046] The dustproof curtain 9 can improve the dustproof effect and prevent the spread of dust.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, an annular airflow disk 10 is provided at the upper end of the nozzle 7. The annular airflow disk 10 has densely packed small holes at its upper end. The inner cavity of the annular airflow disk 10 is connected to the nozzle 7, and an aerosol pipe is connected to the outside of the nozzle 7. The substance introduced into the aerosol pipe is any one of gas, liquid, or a gas-liquid mixture. A guide plate 11 is provided on the rock stratum of the vertical shaft 2 above the annular airflow disk 10. The guide plate 11 is U-shaped, with its opening facing the annular airflow disk 10. The guide plate 11 can change the movement direction of the aerosol ejected from the nozzle 7, so that it can move in opposite directions after being sprayed onto the guide plate 11, thereby increasing the thickness of the entire aerosol formation and improving the dust blocking effect.

[0048] In this embodiment, the annular airflow disk 10 is hollow inside, with at least twenty small holes at its upper end. These holes are equidistant from each other on the circumference, and each hole has the same diameter. A guide plate 11 is fixed to the rock layer above it by bolts. The multiple small holes can improve the uniformity of the aerosol spray, thereby increasing the contact rate between the aerosol and the dust. The entire guide plate 11 is fixed to the rock layer in a ring shape, concentrically arranged with the dustproof ring formed by the dustproof curtain 9. When the aerosol is sprayed from the nozzle 7, the aerosol first fills the interior of the annular airflow disk 10, and then sprays upward through the small holes at the upper end. After moving to the top of the guide plate 11, it moves downward along both sides of the guide plate 11, forming an annular aerosol isolation area. When dust escapes from the dustproof curtain 9, it can adhere to the water vapor in the formed aerosol isolation area, forming larger particles of slag that fall back down.

[0049] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the annular airflow disk 10 is equal to the diameter of the circle enclosed by the dust curtain 9, and its upper surface is provided with an inclined surface. Small holes for spraying mist are located at the outermost ring of the annular airflow disk 10. Through the above arrangement, the dust curtain 9 can fit closely to the inner ring of the annular airflow disk 10. When dust and mist adhere to form larger particles and fall back down, they can flow outward along the inclined surface on the annular airflow disk 10, preventing them from accumulating on the top platform 6.

[0050] In other embodiments, different substances can be selected for spraying depending on the operating conditions, thereby reducing dust diffusion while avoiding dust adhering to a large amount of liquid to form mud. When the discharged slag has a high moisture content, air is supplied to the aerosol pipe; when the moisture content is low, liquid water is supplied to the aerosol pipe; and when the moisture content is moderate, a gas-liquid mixture is supplied to the aerosol pipe.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the bottom of the inner cavity of the slag collection bucket 1 is provided with an outwardly protruding arched base 12. A buffer spring 13 is provided between the arched base 12 and the bottom of the slag collection bucket 1. A slag chute 14 is also provided on the slag collection bucket 1, and an opening channel is provided between the slag chute 14 and the slag collection bucket 1. A baffle 15 is provided on the outer ring of the arched base 12. When the arched base 12 is at its highest point, the baffle 15 seals the opening between the slag chute 14 and the slag collection bucket 1.

[0052] In this embodiment, the baffle 15 is cylindrical and installed around the outer arched base 12, fitting against the inner wall of the slag collection bucket 1. Both the top and bottom ends are open, with the lower end fixed to the outer arched base 12. The height of the baffle 15 is equal to the height of the opening between the slag collection bucket 1 and the slag chute 14. During drilling, a certain amount of slag needs to be pre-filled into the slag collection bucket 1 to reduce the impact force of the slag falling from the guide shaft 3 on the outer arched base 12. The elastic force of the buffer spring 13, located between the outer arched base 12 and the bottom of the slag collection bucket 1, is greater than the total weight of the slag when the height of the slag in the slag collection bucket 1 is equal to the height of the baffle 15. When the slag accumulation height in the slag collection bucket 1 exceeds 1.5 times the height of the baffle 15, the buffer spring 13 is compressed to its lowest point. Similarly, when rapidly falling slag enters the outer arched base 12, the resulting impact kinetic energy can push the entire outer arched base 12 downwards, compressing the buffer spring 13. During the gaps in the falling slag, the buffer spring 13 rebounds upwards again, forming an outer arched base 12 that undulates up and down continuously. This causes the size of the opening between the slag collection bucket 1 and the slag chute 14 to change continuously. While pushing the slag inside the slag collection bucket 1 to move, this can improve the efficiency of the slag entering the slag chute 14 and prevent accumulation.

[0053] Furthermore, a flexible dustproof bag 16 is provided below the slag chute 14. The bottom opening of the dustproof bag 16 is used to discharge slag and soil. A slag and soil conveyor belt 18 is provided at the bottom opening of the dustproof bag 16. A slag and soil collection vehicle 19 is provided at the other end of the slag and soil conveyor belt 18. The slag and soil are transported to the collection vehicle 19 through the slag and soil conveyor belt 18, which can improve the discharge efficiency of slag and soil.

[0054] This application also relates to a method for collecting slag in a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, specifically including the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Use a directional drilling rig to construct directional holes with a diameter greater than 200mm;

[0056] Step 2: Enlarge the directional hole from bottom to top in Step 1 to form a directional guide hole with a diameter greater than 300mm;

[0057] Step 3: Using a reverse drilling rig, expand the directional guide hole from bottom to top in Step 2 to form a directional guide well 3 with a diameter greater than 2000mm;

[0058] Step 4: Arrange a slag collection device below the directional guide shaft 3. By controlling the extension cylinder 4 to extend outward, push the support seat 5 to contact the rock strata below the vertical shaft 2, and spray mist outward through the nozzle 7.

[0059] A directional guide shaft 3 is formed through pre-drilled guide holes for excavated soil discharge. The excavated soil is discharged into the slag collection bucket 1 through the directional guide shaft 3, which can prevent the excavated soil from accumulating at the bottom of the vertical shaft 2 during the drilling and reaming process, thereby improving the drilling speed. At the same time, the directional guide shaft 3 can guide the tunneling machine during the drilling process, improving the accuracy of drilling.

[0060] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: A slag collection bucket (1) is set at the bottom of the vertical shaft (2), and the upper opening of the slag collection bucket (1) is aligned with the directional guide shaft (3); Several telescopic cylinders (4) are equidistantly arranged on the outer ring of the upper opening of the slag collection bucket (1), and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (4) is provided with a support seat (5) that abuts against the top of the vertical shaft (2). The top platform (6) is located at the opening of the fixed end of the telescopic cylinder (4). Several nozzles (7) are equidistantly arranged on the top platform (6) along the circumferential direction, and the openings of the nozzles (7) face vertically upward. The slag collection inner sleeve (8) is slidably disposed at the port of the slag collection bucket (1), with an open upper end and fixedly connected to the support base (5); The nozzle (7) is provided with an annular airflow disk (10) at its upper end. The annular airflow disk (10) is provided with dense small holes at its upper end. The inner cavity of the annular airflow disk (10) is connected to the nozzle (7). The nozzle (7) is connected to an aerosol pipe. A guide plate (11) is provided on the rock stratum of the vertical shaft (2) above the annular airflow disk (10). The guide plate (11) is U-shaped and its opening faces the annular airflow disk (10). The bottom of the inner cavity of the slag collection bucket (1) is provided with an outwardly protruding arched base (12). A buffer spring (13) is provided between the outer arched base (12) and the bottom of the slag collection bucket (1). A slag chute (14) is also provided on the slag collection bucket (1). An open channel is provided between the slag chute (14) and the slag collection bucket (1). The outer arched base (12) is provided with a baffle (15) on its outer ring. The baffle (15) seals the opening between the slag chute (14) and the slag collection bucket (1) when the outer arched base (12) is at its highest point. Among them, the elastic force of the buffer spring (13) set between the outer arched base (12) and the bottom surface of the slag collection bucket (1) is greater than the total weight of the slag when the height of the slag in the slag collection bucket (1) is equal to the height of the baffle (15). The outer arched base (12) moves up and down under the impact of the slag and the rebound force of the buffer spring (13), which drives the baffle (15) to move up and down. The opening between the slag chute (14) and the slag collection bucket (1) opens and closes repeatedly when the baffle (15) moves up and down.

2. The slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dustproof curtain (9) is provided on the support base (5). The dustproof curtain (9) is made of flexible material and expands and contracts with the rise and fall of the support base (5).

3. The slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substance introduced into the aerosol tube is any one of gas, liquid, or a mixture of gas and liquid.

4. The slag collection device for a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the support base (5) that abuts against the bottom rock surface of the shaft (2) is provided with an abutment plate (17).

5. A method for collecting slag in a borehole-expanding vertical shaft tunneling machine, specifically applied to the slag collection device described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use a directional drilling rig to construct directional holes with a diameter greater than 200mm; Step 2: Enlarge the directional hole from bottom to top in Step 1 to form a directional guide hole with a diameter greater than 300mm; Step 3: The directional guide hole in Step 2 is enlarged from bottom to top using a reverse drilling rig to form a directional guide well with a diameter greater than 2000mm (3); Step 4: Arrange a slag collection device below the directional guide shaft (3), and push the support seat (5) to contact the rock layer below the vertical shaft (2) by controlling the extension cylinder (4) to extend outward, and spray the gas mist outward through the nozzle (7).

Images