Tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting, which comprises a hanging frame and an inserting rod device on the hanging frame, one end of the inserting rod device is inserted into a slag discharging hole, a swing arm frame capable of swinging is arranged at one end of the hanging frame, a water jet cutting assembly capable of moving along the length direction of the swing arm frame is arranged on the swing arm frame, and the water jet cutting assembly is provided with a water jet nozzle. The problems that in the drilling and blasting method construction, instability and collapse of a tunnel face and over-excavation and under-excavation are likely to be induced are solved, automatic operation can be achieved after the mobile carrier is used for assisting in parking in the installation process, the beneficial effects of being convenient to assemble and disassemble and flexible in operation are achieved, and multi-machine-position cluster operation can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting. Background Art

[0002] The drill-and-blast method is currently the primary method for tunnel construction, characterized by its adaptability to complex geological conditions, low construction costs, and minimal initial investment. Although widely used in my country's highway, railway, and hydropower tunnel construction, the method still presents challenges, as blasting effectiveness is influenced by a variety of factors, including surrounding rock parameters, blasthole layout, charge dosage, construction footage, and drilling errors. The method also poses challenges, such as significant disturbance of the surrounding rock, which can easily induce tunnel face instability and collapse, and difficulty controlling overbreak and underbreak, which can impact construction efficiency and costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting, which solves the problem that drilling and blasting construction easily induces tunnel face instability and collapse as well as over-excavation and under-excavation.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting, including a hanger, a rod insertion device on the hanger, one end of the rod insertion device is inserted into the slag discharge hole, and a swingable swing arm frame is provided at one end of the hanger, and the swing arm frame is provided with a water jet cutting assembly that can move along the length direction of the swing arm frame, and the water jet cutting assembly is provided with a water jet nozzle.

[0005] In the preferred solution, the hanging bracket includes a forward extending cross frame, an upper cross frame is provided at the upper end of the forward extending cross frame close to the tunnel working surface and a lower supporting plate is provided at the lower end, the rod insertion device passes through the upper cross frame and is inserted into the slag discharge hole, and the lower supporting plate rests on the tunnel working surface.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the insertion rod device includes an outer rod and an inner rod sleeved inside the outer rod. One end of the outer rod is provided with multiple elastic expansion petals along the circumference, the end of the expansion petal is provided with a barb structure, the inner side of the expansion petal is provided with an inner conical surface, and one end of the inner rod is provided with an outer conical surface. The inner rod is inserted into the outer rod so that the outer conical surface squeezes the inner conical surface to cause the expansion petal to open outward.

[0007] In the preferred solution, a plurality of through slots are provided in the circumferential direction in the middle of the inner rod, and a swingable anchor hook is provided in each through slot. The anchor hook is L-shaped, and one end of the anchor hook is provided with a flat hook surface and a smooth arc surface portion, and the other end of the anchor hook is hinged to the stop surface and is provided with a stop surface, and a stop block is provided in the through slot, and the stop block stops the stop surface.

[0008] In the preferred solution, two strip-shaped sliding holes are provided on the upper cross frame, and a slidingly connected transverse sleeve is provided in each strip-shaped sliding hole. The rod insertion device is sleeved with the transverse sleeve, and a rotatable double-headed screw is provided in the forward cross frame. The double-headed screw includes a first threaded segment and a second threaded segment with opposite rotation directions. A nut seat is sleeved on the first threaded segment and the second threaded segment. A through connecting hole is provided between the forward cross frame and the upper cross frame, and each nut seat is connected to each transverse sleeve through the through connecting hole.

[0009] In the preferred solution, the water jet cutting assembly also includes a transverse base plate, a rotating frame is provided on the transverse base plate, a tilt frame is provided on the rotating frame, one end of the tilt frame is hinged to the rotating frame, a forward extension frame is provided on the tilt frame, the water jet nozzle is provided on the forward extension frame, and a support wheel is provided on one side of the water jet nozzle.

[0010] In the preferred solution, a rotating shaft is provided at the lower end of the rotating frame, which is rotatably connected to the transverse base plate. A rotating wheel is also provided on the transverse base plate. An eccentric hole and a rocker arm are provided on the rotating wheel. One end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the eccentric hole, and the other end of the rocker arm is slidably connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating frame.

[0011] In a preferred solution, a liftable push rod is provided at one end of the rotating frame away from the hinged portion, an upper end of the push rod is provided with a hinged connecting rod, and the upper end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom end of the tilt frame.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, a cylinder is further provided, a telescopic rod is provided at one end of the cylinder, a universal joint is provided at the ends of the telescopic rod and the cylinder away from each other, each universal joint is respectively connected to the transverse base plate and the front extension frame, and a liquid inlet and outlet connected to the interior is provided at the end of the cylinder, and a liquid storage barrel is also provided, the liquid inlet and outlet are connected to the liquid storage barrel through a pipeline, and an on-off valve is provided on the pipeline.

[0013] In the preferred solution, the transverse base plate is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism, a transverse motor is provided on the transverse base plate, a drive gear is provided at the shaft end of the transverse motor, a spur rack is provided on the swing arm frame, and the drive gear is engaged with the spur rack.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the tunnel contour line is accurately cut during the excavation process, over-excavation and under-excavation are controlled while the stress distribution in the surrounding rock of the face is improved, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent face excavation; during the installation process, the mobile carrier is used to assist in positioning and then the machine can operate automatically without occupying ground space, and has the characteristics of convenient installation and disassembly, flexible operation, and can realize multi-machine cluster operation, which is especially suitable for small-section tunnel construction; a swingable swing arm is used to adjust the cutting line angle, and the cutting nozzle mechanism has the movements of horizontal movement, pitching, rotation, etc., and considering the flatness of the face, the target distance can be adaptively maintained during the cutting process, thereby realizing fine cutting of the tunnel contour line and ensuring that over-excavation and under-excavation are within the allowable range; the rod insertion device adopts a double-rod form, and uses an anchor hook to pre-tighten the bracket on the face, and adopts a method that can be expanded and embedded in the inner wall of the slag discharge hole to quickly form a stable connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of tunnel hook cutting application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front of the cutting device.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the cutting device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting device installation.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the bracket.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the distance adjustment mechanism of the rod insertion device.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the double-rod structure of the rod insertion device.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the rod insertion device.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the end of the rod insertion device.

[0025] Figure 10 This is an enlarged view of the anchor hook.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a front view of the water jet cutting assembly.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the water jet cutting component.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the recoil support assembly.

[0029] In the figure: hanger 1; forward cross frame 101; upper cross frame 102; lower support plate 103; strip slide hole 104; traverse sliding sleeve 105; through-hole 106; adjustment drive motor 107; double-ended screw 108; first threaded section 109; second threaded section 110; nut 111; swing arm frame 2; spur rack 201; guide rail slider mechanism 202; water jet cutting assembly 3; traverse base plate 301; rotating frame 302; tilt frame 303; forward extension frame 304; water jet nozzle 305; support wheel 306; traverse motor 307; drive gear 308; rotating frame shaft 309; swing arm 310; rotating wheel 311 ; Eccentric hole 312; Push rod 313; Connecting rod 314; Universal joint 315; Cylinder body 316; Telescopic rod body 317; Sealing piston 318; Liquid inlet and outlet 319; On-off valve 320; Liquid storage barrel 321; Adjusting cylinder 4; Rod insertion device 5; Outer rod 501; Inner rod 502; Expansion petal 503; Inner conical surface 504; Outer conical surface 505; Barb structure 506; Through slot 507; Anchor hook 508; Straight hook surface 509; Smooth arc surface 510; Stop surface 511; Stop block 512; Ring groove structure 513; Friction sleeve 514; External thread section 515; Internal thread groove 516; Slag discharge hole 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1: like Figure 1-13 A tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting includes a hanger 1, a rod insertion device 5 on the hanger 1, one end of the rod insertion device 5 is inserted into the slag discharge hole 6, a swingable swing arm frame 2 is provided at one end of the hanger 1, and a water jet cutting component 3 that can move along the length direction of the swing arm frame 2 is provided on the swing arm frame 2, and the water jet cutting component 3 is provided with a water jet nozzle 305.

[0031] The bracket 1 is hinged to one end of the swing arm frame 2, and a swingable adjustment cylinder 4 is provided in the middle of the bracket 1. The other end of the adjustment cylinder 4 is hinged to the swing arm frame 2. The adjustment cylinder 4 adopts a hydraulic cylinder or a servo electric cylinder, which can drive the swing arm frame 2 to swing to any angle within the design range.

[0032] The tunnel working surface is pre-drilled with drilling equipment to drain slag holes 6, allowing water and cuttings to escape during water jet cutting. Two rod inserts 5 are then inserted into adjacent slag holes 6. The hanger 1 is secured, and the adjustment cylinder 4 is activated. The angle of the swing arm 2 is adjusted so that it is nearly parallel to the cutting line. This means that the traverse path of the water jet cutting assembly 3 is parallel to the cutting line. The water jet cutting assembly 3 slowly moves laterally from one end of the swing arm 2, while the water jet nozzle 305 simultaneously cuts the rock mass.

[0033] Multiple water jet cutting devices can be used to simultaneously cut the tunnel contour.

[0034] After cutting a section, the plug-in position of the hanger 1 can be changed to cut the next section of the contour.

[0035] The final cut outline is a broken line that is approximately an arc.

[0036] In the preferred solution, the hanger 1 includes a forward cross frame 101, an upper cross frame 102 is provided at the upper end of the forward cross frame 101 close to the tunnel working surface and a lower support plate 103 is provided at the lower end, the rod insertion device 5 passes through the upper cross frame 102 and is inserted into the slag discharge hole 6, and the lower support plate 103 rests on the tunnel working surface.

[0037] The upper end is plugged in and the lower end is abutted, so that the water jet cutting device is hung more stably and prevented from falling out.

[0038] In the preferred embodiment, the insertion rod device 5 includes an outer rod 501 and an inner rod 502 that is sleeved inside the outer rod 501. One end of the outer rod 501 is provided with multiple elastic expansion petals 503 along the circumferential direction, and the end of the expansion petal 503 is provided with a barb structure 506. The inner side of the expansion petal 503 is provided with an inner conical surface 504, and one end of the inner rod 502 is provided with an outer conical surface 505. The inner rod 502 is inserted into the outer rod 501 so that the outer conical surface 505 squeezes the inner conical surface 504 to make the expansion petal 503 open outward.

[0039] One end of 501 is provided with a large diameter end to form a stepped shaft, and the shaft shoulder presses on 105 to press 1 onto the working surface.

[0040] After the expansion petals 503 are expanded outward, the barb structure 506 is embedded in the rock mass on the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6 to form a stable contact resistance, thereby preventing the rod insertion device 5 from falling out of the slag discharge hole 6 during water jet cutting.

[0041] When the inner rod 502 is pulled out of the outer rod 501, the expansion petals 503 shrink inward to restore their shape, and the barb structure 506 is separated from the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6, so that the rod insertion device 5 can be easily pulled out.

[0042] The outer wall of the inner rod 502 can be provided with a plurality of annular groove structures 513 and covered with a friction sleeve 514 to appropriately increase the contact resistance with the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6.

[0043] In order to facilitate the expansion of the petal 503, an external thread section 515 can be provided at one end of the inner rod 502, and an internal thread groove 516 can be provided at the end of the outer rod 501. When the outer conical surface 505 contacts the inner conical surface 504, the external thread section 515 is screwed into the internal thread groove 516.

[0044] The direction of movement of the hook structure 506 is radially outward expansion, which can anchor the rod insertion device 5 to the inner wall of the slag discharge hole 6, but lacks pre-tightening force in the depth direction of the slag discharge hole 6, and cannot ensure that the lower support plate 103 tunnel is close to the working surface. During water jet cutting, the bracket 1 vibrates greatly, which may cause the rod insertion device 5 to vibrate loose.

[0045] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of through slots 507 are provided along the circumferential direction in the middle of the inner rod 502, and a swingable anchor hook 508 is provided in each through slot 507. The anchor hook 508 is L-shaped, and one end of the anchor hook 508 is provided with a straight hook surface 509 and a smooth arc surface portion 510. The other end of the anchor hook 508 is hinged to a stop surface 511 and is provided with a stop surface 511. A stop block 512 is provided in the through slot 507, and the stop block 512 stops the stop surface 511.

[0046] When the inner rod 502 is inserted, the outer conical surface 505 squeezes the smooth curved surface 510, causing the anchor hook 508 to swing out. The flat hook surface 509 then penetrates the rock mass, temporarily securing the outer rod 501 to the rock mass. Because the anchor hook 508 is in the process of flipping, the reaction force exerted by the rock mass is directed toward the depth of the slag discharge hole 6, allowing the hanger 1 to adhere closely to the work surface. When the inner rod 502 is withdrawn and the outer rod 501 is removed, the flat hook surface 509 is pushed back by the rock mass into the through-notch 507. Once the flat hook surface 509 is fully inserted into the through-notch 507, the stop surface 511 stops against the stop block 512.

[0047] In the preferred solution, two strip-shaped sliding holes 104 are provided on the upper cross frame 102, and each strip-shaped sliding hole 104 is provided with a slidingly connected transverse sleeve 105, the rod insertion device 5 is sleeved on the transverse sleeve 105, and a rotatable double-headed screw 108 is provided in the forward cross frame 101, and the double-headed screw 108 includes a first threaded segment 109 and a second threaded segment 110 with opposite rotation directions, and a nut seat 111 is sleeved on the first threaded segment 109 and the second threaded segment 110, and a through connecting hole 106 is provided between the forward cross frame 101 and the upper cross frame 102, and each nut seat 111 passes through the through connecting hole 106 and is connected to each transverse sleeve 105 respectively.

[0048] The double-ended screw 108 is connected to the front cross frame 101 through the front and rear supports, and the end is driven by the adjustment drive motor 107. When the double-ended screw 108 rotates, the two transverse sliding sleeves 105 can move toward or away from each other to adjust the spacing between the two rod insertion devices 5 to adapt to slag discharge holes 6 at different distances.

[0049] In the preferred embodiment, the water jet cutting assembly 3 also includes a transverse base plate 301, a rotating frame 302 is provided on the transverse base plate 301, a tilt frame 303 is provided on the rotating frame 302, one end of the tilt frame 303 is hinged to the rotating frame 302, a forward extension frame 304 is provided on the tilt frame 303, a water jet nozzle 305 is provided on the forward extension frame 304, and a supporting wheel 306 is provided on one side of the water jet nozzle 305.

[0050] The lower end of the outrigger 304 is slidably connected to the tilt frame 303 via a slide rail. The tilt frame 303 is L-shaped, and a linear hydraulic cylinder is provided at one end to drive the outrigger 304 to move linearly.

[0051] The mounting frame of the abutting wheel 306 can adjust the extended length. When working, the abutting wheel 306 abuts against the tunnel working surface, and the designed water jet nozzle 305 has a constant distance from the working surface.

[0052] The outrigger 304 can be extended forward for processing, and the water jet nozzle 305 can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions to adjust the spraying angle.

[0053] Since the swing arm 2 is swingable, the water jet cutting assembly 3 can be moved horizontally as a whole, and the water jet cutting assembly 3 can be lifted to the approximate construction position, and the water jet nozzle 305 itself only needs to adjust the angle and position within a small range.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, the lower end of the rotating frame 302 is provided with a rotating frame shaft 309 which is rotatably connected to the transverse base plate 301. The transverse base plate 301 is also provided with a rotating wheel 311, and the rotating wheel 311 is provided with an eccentric hole 312. A rocker arm 310 is also provided. One end of the rocker arm 310 is rotatably connected to the eccentric hole 312, and the other end of the rocker arm 310 is slidably connected to the rotating frame shaft 309.

[0055] Another reduction motor housing is provided at the lower end of the transverse bottom plate 301 to drive the rotating wheel 311 to rotate, and the swing arm 310 swings and drives the rotating shaft 309 to rotate, thereby adjusting the horizontal direction of the rotating frame 302.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, a liftable top rod 313 is provided on one end of the rotating frame 302 away from the hinge portion, and a hinged connecting rod 314 is provided on the upper end of the top rod 313 . The upper end of the connecting rod 314 is hinged to the bottom end of the tilt frame 303 .

[0057] A short-stroke linear servo electric cylinder is provided at the lower end of the rotating frame 302 to drive the ejector rod 313 to move up and down.

[0058] In the preferred embodiment, a cylinder 316 is further provided, a telescopic rod 317 is provided at one end of the cylinder 316, a universal joint 315 is provided at the ends of the telescopic rod 317 and the cylinder 316 away from each other, each universal joint 315 is respectively connected to the transverse base plate 301 and the front extension frame 304, and a liquid inlet and outlet 319 connected to the interior is provided at the end of the cylinder 316, and a liquid storage barrel 321 is also provided. The liquid inlet and outlet 319 is connected to the liquid storage barrel 321 through a pipeline, and a shut-off valve 320 is provided on the pipeline.

[0059] The telescopic rod 317 is slidably connected to the cylinder 316, and a sealing piston 318 is provided at the connecting end.

[0060] Since the recoil force of the water jet nozzle 305 is large when it is working, and the water jet nozzle 305 has many inclination adjustment mechanisms and limited structural strength, simply relying on the motors to lock the angle may cause angle jitter or creep, causing the nozzle to deviate from the predetermined position.

[0061] Therefore, a support assembly is installed between the forward outrigger 304 and the transverse base plate 301. When adjusting the angle of the water jet nozzle 305, the on-off valve 320 is opened, allowing the liquid in the liquid storage barrel 321 to freely enter the inner cavity of the cylinder 316. The angle and total length of the cylinder 316 and the telescopic rod 317 change with the position of the water jet nozzle 305. When the water jet nozzle 305 is adjusted to the correct position, the on-off valve 320 is closed. Since the inner cavity of the cylinder 316 is filled with liquid, the extension length of the telescopic rod 317 is locked. The recoil force of the water jet nozzle 305 is partially transferred to the transverse base plate 301 by the support assembly, reducing the force on each angle adjustment mechanism and stabilizing the position of the water jet nozzle 305.

[0062] In the preferred solution, the transverse base plate 301 is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism 202, a transverse motor 307 is provided on the transverse base plate 301, a drive gear 308 is provided at the shaft end of the transverse motor 307, a spur rack 201 is provided on the swing arm frame 2, and the drive gear 308 is engaged with the spur rack 201.

[0063] Example 2: A safe and efficient new type of tunnel excavation equipment and its construction method. First, a tunnel contour forming robot is used to cut and shape the tunnel contour line, and then the face is excavated. The cutting nozzle mechanism of the tunnel contour forming robot has the ability to move horizontally, pitch, rotate, and other movements, and can adaptively maintain the target distance during the cutting process taking into account the flatness of the face, thereby achieving fine cutting of the tunnel contour line and ensuring that over-excavation and under-excavation are within the allowable range. During the installation process, a mobile carrier is used to assist in positioning and then the equipment can operate automatically. It has the characteristics of convenient installation and disassembly, flexible operation, and can realize multi-machine cluster operation. Through the above application, it aims to eliminate the damage to the surrounding rock structure caused by blasting vibration during the existing tunnel excavation process, solve the structural safety and cost problems caused by over-excavation and under-excavation, and improve the efficiency of face excavation.

[0064] The tunnel contour forming robot based on hydraulic cutting mainly consists of a support arm, a cutting arm and a mechanical arm rotation mechanism connecting the support arm and the support arm.

[0065] The support arm is a long strip-shaped structure with two support legs arranged at both ends of its back, and the support legs are perpendicular to the back of the support arm; the support legs are provided with a plurality of retractable studs along the axial direction, so that the nozzle can be supported on the inner wall of the hole after being inserted into the slag discharge hole preset in the tunnel face; The cutting arm is an L-shaped structure consisting of a short arm and a long arm. One end of the short arm is connected to the support arm through a rotating mechanism. A transverse track is provided on the upper side of the long arm along the long side. The nozzle operation system performs translational movement on the cutting arm via the transverse track. The nozzle operation system consists of a transverse movement mechanism, a swing mechanism, a pitch mechanism, a telescopic mechanism and a nozzle; The transverse movement mechanism consists of a transverse movement base and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the transverse movement base, and the motor drives the gear to drive the entire nozzle operation system to move on the transverse movement track. The transverse movement base is also provided with a limit block that is clamped with the transverse movement track to offset the reaction force generated by the jet; The swing mechanism consists of a rotary shaft, an L-shaped connecting rod, and a rotary turntable; the upper end of the rotary shaft is fixed to the bottom of the pitch mechanism, and the lower part is supported by the traverse base bearing; One end of the L-shaped connecting rod is inserted into the eccentric hole of the rotary turntable, and the other end is inserted into the rotary shaft, and the rotation angle of the nozzle is adjusted by rotating the rotary shaft; The telescopic base is hinged to the pitch mechanism to adjust the pitch angle of the nozzle; The nozzle is fixed on the nozzle bracket; the nozzle bracket can slide left and right along the nozzle axis along the guide groove of the telescopic base under the action of the telescopic mechanism; the nozzle bracket is provided with a guide wheel on the side of the nozzle; during operation, the telescopic mechanism pushes the guide wheel against the tunnel face to ensure that the nozzle and the tunnel face always maintain a certain target distance; Preferably, the support legs may adopt other internal expansion structures so that the support legs can be supported on the inner wall of the hole after being inserted into the hole; Preferably, the rotary turntable can be provided with jacks with different center distances from the rotation center to achieve different deflection angles of the swing mechanism; Preferably, the guide wheel and the guide wheel bracket can be independently separated from the nozzle bracket to adjust the jet target distance; Preferably, the contour forming robot is electrically driven, and the power supply is built into the cutting arm.

[0066] The robot uses ultra-high-pressure water jet technology to cut tunnel contours. By adjusting the rotation angle between the two robotic arms, the robot replaces the curve with a straight line to cut the tunnel contour. It is suitable for any cross-sectional size and has strong versatility. During the installation process, it uses a mobile carrier to assist in positioning and can then operate automatically, making installation and disassembly convenient. During the cutting process, the nozzle has the ability to move horizontally, pitch, rotate, and other movements, and adaptively maintain the target distance to achieve fine cutting of the tunnel contour. It can realize cluster cutting of multiple groups of equipment.

[0067] A new tunnel contour line cutting method based on ultra-high pressure water jet technology is proposed. In terms of environmental protection, the water mist generated by ultra-high pressure water jet cutting naturally removes dust. Compared with the blasting method, it does not produce toxic and harmful gases, and is green and pollution-free. In terms of quality, ultra-high pressure water jet cutting can achieve fine cutting of the tunnel face contour line, control the over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel, reduce the consumption of primary support concrete, eliminate holes behind the primary support, and benefit the thickness and flatness of the primary support and the quality of arch splicing. In terms of safety, ultra-high pressure water jet cutting reduces the vibration disturbance to the surrounding rock, reduces the risk of surrounding rock instability and primary support collapse, can release some stress in the high stress section in advance during the cutting process of hard surrounding rock, and can promptly detect convergence abnormal areas during the cutting process of weak surrounding rock.

[0068] The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step S1: drilling slag holes along the tunnel contour line at a certain interval according to the tunnel face size; Step S2: adjusting the included angle α between the support arm and the cutting arm to be consistent with the included angle of the broken line formed by the three slag discharge holes at the cutting station; Step S3: Rotate the nozzle rotation mechanism to adjust the angle between the nozzle axis and the transverse track (L), that is, the incident angle β of the jet; Step S4: adjusting the angle γ between the nozzle axis and the tunnel mileage direction (Z axis) through the nozzle pitch mechanism to form a certain excavation line to provide operating space for the next cycle equipment; Step S5: The mobile carrier carries the robot to the position to be cut, aligns the support legs with the slag discharge hole, and inserts the support legs into the slag discharge hole, with the support leg heads extending out to support the inner wall of the slag discharge hole; Step S6: The sand supply and water supply pipelines are opened, and the nozzle operation system moves along the track from the arch foot to the arch top of the tunnel face at a preset lateral speed to cut the contour line.

[0069] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel contour forming device based on hydraulic cutting, characterized by: The invention comprises a hanging frame (1), a rod insertion device (5) on the hanging frame (1), one end of the rod insertion device (5) being inserted into a slag discharge hole (6), a swingable swing arm frame (2) being provided at one end of the hanging frame (1), a water jet cutting assembly (3) being movable along the length direction of the swing arm frame (2) being provided on the swing arm frame (2), and the water jet cutting assembly (3) being provided with a water jet nozzle (305).

2. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hanging frame (1) includes a forward extending horizontal frame (101), an upper horizontal frame (102) is provided at the upper end of the forward extending horizontal frame (101) close to the tunnel working surface, and a lower extending support plate (103) is provided at the lower end. The rod insertion device (5) passes through the upper horizontal frame (102) and is inserted into the slag discharge hole (6), and the lower extending support plate (103) is against the tunnel working surface.

3. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rod insertion device (5) comprises an outer rod (501) and an inner rod (502) sleeved inside the outer rod (501); one end of the outer rod (501) is provided with a plurality of elastic expansion flaps (503) along the circumferential direction; the end of the expansion flap (503) is provided with a barb structure (506); the inner side of the expansion flap (503) is provided with an inner conical surface (504); one end of the inner rod (502) is provided with an outer conical surface (505); the inner rod (502) is inserted into the outer rod (501) so that the outer conical surface (505) presses the inner conical surface (504) to cause the expansion flap (503) to open outward.

4. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of through slots (507) are provided in the circumferential direction in the middle of the inner insertion rod (502), and a swingable anchor hook (508) is provided in each through slot (507). The anchor hook (508) is L-shaped, and one end of the anchor hook (508) is provided with a straight hook surface (509) and a smooth arc surface (510). The other end of the anchor hook (508) is hinged to a stop surface (511) and provided with a stop surface (511). A stop block (512) is provided in the through slot (507), and the stop block (512) stops the stop surface (511).

5. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 3 is characterized by: Two strip-shaped sliding holes (104) are provided on the upper cross frame (102), and each strip-shaped sliding hole (104) is provided with a slidingly connected transverse sliding sleeve (105), and the rod insertion device (5) is sleeved with the transverse sliding sleeve (105). A rotatable double-headed screw (108) is provided in the front cross frame (101), and the double-headed screw (108) includes a first threaded section (109) and a second threaded section (110) with opposite rotation directions. A nut seat (111) is sleeved on the first threaded section (109) and the second threaded section (110). A through connecting hole (106) is provided between the front cross frame (101) and the upper cross frame (102), and each nut seat (111) passes through the through connecting hole (106) and is connected to each transverse sliding sleeve (105) respectively.

6. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water jet cutting assembly (3) further comprises a transverse bottom plate (301), a rotating frame (302) is provided on the transverse bottom plate (301), a tilting frame (303) is provided on the rotating frame (302), one end of the tilting frame (303) is hinged to the rotating frame (302), a forward extending frame (304) is provided on the tilting frame (303), a water jet nozzle (305) is provided on the forward extending frame (304), and a supporting wheel (306) is provided on one side of the water jet nozzle (305).

7. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 6 is characterized by: The lower end of the rotating frame (302) is provided with a rotating frame shaft (309) that is rotatably sleeved with the transverse bottom plate (301), and the transverse bottom plate (301) is further provided with a rotating wheel (311), the rotating wheel (311) is provided with an eccentric hole (312), and a swing rod (310) is further provided. One end of the swing rod (310) is rotatably plugged into the eccentric hole (312), and the other end of the swing rod (310) is slidably plugged into the rotating frame shaft (309).

8. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 6 is characterized by: A liftable push rod (313) is provided at one end of the rotating frame (302) away from the hinged portion. A hinged connecting rod (314) is provided at the upper end of the push rod (313). The upper end of the connecting rod (314) is hinged to the bottom end of the tilt frame (303).

9. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A cylinder (316) is also provided, and a telescopic rod (317) is provided at one end of the cylinder (316). A universal joint (315) is provided at the ends of the telescopic rod (317) and the cylinder (316) that are separated from each other. Each universal joint (315) is respectively connected to the transverse bottom plate (301) and the front extension frame (304). A liquid inlet and outlet (319) communicating with the interior is provided at the end of the cylinder (316). A liquid storage barrel (321) is also provided. The liquid inlet and outlet (319) is communicated with the liquid storage barrel (321) through a pipeline, and an on-off valve (320) is provided on the pipeline.

10. The tunnel contour line forming device based on hydraulic cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The traverse base plate (301) is slidably connected to the guide rail slider mechanism (202), a traverse motor (307) is provided on the traverse base plate (301), a drive gear (308) is provided at the shaft end of the traverse motor (307), a spur rack (201) is provided on the swing arm frame (2), and the drive gear (308) is meshed with the spur rack (201).

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