Efficient detachable three-blade phi type vertical axis wind wheel device and design method

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient detachable three-blade phi-shaped vertical shaft wind wheel device and a design method, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, the efficient detachable three-blade phi-shaped vertical shaft wind wheel device comprises blades, a vertical rotating shaft and supporting structures, the three blades are connected with the vertical rotating shaft through the upper supporting structure and the lower supporting structure respectively, and the blades comprise curve-shaped blades; the two ends of the curve-shaped blades are connected with the straight blades through detachable structures correspondingly, and a flow guide cover is installed on the upper portion of the vertical rotating shaft. On the basis of a power coefficient CP optimization design criterion, the optimal combination design of core parameters such as compactness, height-diameter ratio, tip speed ratio, cross brace mounting angle, airfoil profile, blade number and blade configuration of the vertical-axis wind wheel is provided, and a blade curve function of the phi-type vertical-axis wind wheel is constructed. In order to facilitate transportation and installation, a three-section detachable blade structure of straight line + parabola + straight line is provided, and the blade has the advantages of being high in energy obtaining efficiency, good in reliability, convenient to install and transport and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wind energy is a key source of clean energy development. Precisely designing the geometry and profile of vertical-axis wind rotor blades is a key approach to enhancing adaptability to wind speed fluctuations and improving wind turbine efficiency. A variety of vertical-axis wind rotor structures exist, with mature configurations, such as the H-type and Φ-type, enjoying widespread application. The Φ-type, with its streamlined profile, better adapts to the incoming flow, creating a more uniform lift distribution. This reduces negative vibrations during startup and improves starting torque, resulting in excellent self-starting performance. However, due to the large surface curvature of the Φ-type blade, its aerodynamic performance at high wind speeds or high angles of attack depends significantly on precise control of wind speed, wind direction, and blade angle. To achieve optimal lift and drag distribution, multi-dimensional aerodynamic evaluation is required for each operating state of the wind turbine during blade design and manufacturing. Furthermore, in addition to optimizing the blade profile, key aerodynamic parameters such as the airfoil, number of blades, rotor aspect ratio, and rotor density also significantly impact overall wind turbine performance. Therefore, comprehensive optimization and performance evaluation under multi-parameter constraints are key considerations that must be balanced in wind turbine design. The optimization of design parameters requires not only precise modeling and calculation, but also the exploration of the best balance point between multiple factors to achieve the optimal performance of the wind turbine. The efficient design technology of the wind turbine is of great significance to improving energy conversion efficiency and energy sustainable development.

[0003] Currently, the design of Φ-shaped profile curves at home and abroad is relatively simple, lacking diverse optimization solutions to adapt to different operating conditions. These designs ignore the synergistic effects between various parameters, fail to achieve an optimal combination between the rotor configuration itself and other aerodynamic parameters, and lack consideration of the multiple performance requirements of vertical-axis rotors. Furthermore, large wind turbine blades face engineering challenges during actual manufacturing, transportation, and installation. Slender, curved blades lack a design that balances aerodynamic performance with practical ease of use.

[0004] Patent publication number CN115962088A discloses a vertical-axis wind turbine with the following technical features: the vertical-axis wind rotor comprises a bracket and an external linkage shaft. The linkage shaft defines an inner cavity, the inner circumferential wall of which is fixedly connected to a servo motor. The end of the servo motor's output shaft is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft. The outer wall of the central portion of the transmission shaft defines an annular groove, a collar is sleeved around the groove, and the outer circumferential wall of the collar is symmetrically provided with multiple fenders, the ends of which are hingedly connected to the collar. While this invention can reduce the additional output power generated by the wind turbine generator during operation, the mechanical structure employed is complex, resulting in limited lift.

[0005] Patent publication number CN119102971A discloses a vertical-axis wind turbine generator system with the following technical features: multiple blades are vertically parallel to each other, spaced in sequence and arranged in a spiral pattern from top to bottom with the centerline of the drive shaft as the centerline, with the upper blades staggered from the lower blades. The blades are secured to the drive shaft via a connecting mechanism, forming a rotor. While this invention provides more continuous force on the rotor and significantly improves wind-catching and starting capabilities, the large number of rotors in the array occupies a large space, and the average conversion efficiency of a single configuration is unknown. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device and design method, which has the characteristics of high energy acquisition efficiency, good reliability, and easy installation and transportation.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-efficiency, detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device includes: blades, a vertical rotating shaft, and a supporting structure. The three blades are connected to the vertical rotating shaft through two upper and lower supporting structures respectively. The blades include curved blades, and the two ends of the curved blades are connected to the straight blades through detachable structures respectively. A deflector is installed on the upper part of the vertical rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle between the connection point of the parabolic segment blade and the straight blade and the vertical rotation axis, that is, the optimal support structure installation angle θ is 60°.

[0010] Furthermore, the angles between the upper and lower support structures and the vertical rotation axis are 60° and 120° respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the airfoil of the blade is a NACA0018 airfoil, with a tip speed ratio TSR=3.5 and a density σ=0.24.

[0012] Furthermore, the height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind wheel device is 1.2.

[0013] Furthermore, the length ratio of the straight blade installed at one end of the curved blade, the curved blade, and the straight blade installed at the other end of the curved blade is 0.15:0.7:0.15.

[0014] Furthermore, the curved blade is a parabolic blade.

[0015] The present invention may also include:

[0016] A design method for the above-mentioned high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind rotor device comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Select rated wind speed V = 11.3m / s and air density ρ = 1.225kg / m 3 , A is the wind wheel swept area, energy utilization rate is recorded as C P ,

[0018]

[0019] Step 2: Design the basic configuration of the wind rotor device, based on the Φ-shaped wind rotor with a parabolic outline. Establish an XY rectangular coordinate system based on the height and diameter of the wind rotor. The height direction of the wind rotor is the X-axis, the left vertex is the origin (0, 0), that is, one end point of the wind rotor, and the right vertex is the other zero point (H, 0). The distance between the left and right vertices is the wind rotor height H, D is the wind rotor diameter, and the parabola opening direction is the diameter direction. The vertex coordinates are marked as (H / 2, D / 2). The parabola equation is specifically in the form of:

[0020] y=ax 2 +bx+c,a、b≠0

[0021] At this time, the closed area formed by the parabola is half of the wind rotor swept area. Curve integration is performed to obtain equation (1). Substituting the left and right endpoints into equations (2) and (3), the vertex of the parabola is substituted into equation (4). The height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind rotor is set to 1.2, 1.0, and 0.8 respectively. When η = H / D = 1.2, equation (5) is obtained, which is specifically:

[0022]

[0023] c=0 (2)

[0024] aH 2 +bH=0 (3)

[0025]

[0026] Combined with the equations, at A = 148.883m 2 , when H / D=1.2, we can solve:

[0027] a=-0.1018, b=1.6667, H=16.3704m, D=13.642m; y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x

[0028] When H / D=1.0,

[0029] a=-0.1338, b=2, H=D=14.944m; y=-0.1338x2 +2x

[0030] When H / D=0.8,

[0031] a=-0.187, b=2.5, H=13.3664m, D=16.708m; y=-0.187x 2 +2.5x

[0032] Step 3: Determine the key parameters of the vertical axis wind rotor, including the aspect ratio η, the tip speed ratio TSR, the support structure angle θ, the airfoil, the number of blades Z, and the density σ;

[0033] Step 4: Based on the optimal parameter combination of the wind wheel in step 3, the blades are designed using a "three-segment" method, that is, a straight line + parabola + straight line. The two straight lines are designed symmetrically to determine the optimal truncation position of the parabola.

[0034] Furthermore, the step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 3.1: Analyze the aerodynamic performance of the blade under different curve functions for different height-to-diameter ratios η, and determine the optimal curve function and height-to-diameter ratio η;

[0036] Step 3.2: Under the selected η condition, analyze the effect of the optimal tip speed ratio TSR on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal tip speed ratio TSR. The tip speed ratio TSR is:

[0037]

[0038] Step 3.3: Under the selected conditions of η and tip speed ratio TSR, analyze the effect of the support structure position, i.e., the angle θ formed with the tower, on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine, and determine the optimal support structure installation angle θ;

[0039] Step 3.4: Under the conditions of the selected η, tip speed ratio TSR, and support structure installation angle θ, analyze the effect of airfoil selection on the aerodynamic performance of the vertical axis wind rotor and determine the optimal airfoil;

[0040] Step 3.5: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, and airfoil, analyze the effect of density σ on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal density σ. The density σ is expressed by the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] Step 3.6: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, airfoil, and density σ, analyze the effect of the number of blades Z on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal number of blades Z.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] The present invention is based on the power coefficient C P Based on the optimization design criteria, the optimal combination design of core parameters such as density, aspect ratio, tip speed ratio, cross brace installation angle, airfoil, number of blades, and blade configuration of the vertical axis wind rotor was proposed. The blade curve function of the Φ-type vertical axis wind rotor was constructed. In order to facilitate transportation and installation, a three-section detachable blade structure of "straight line + parabola + straight line" was proposed. An efficient detachable three-blade Φ-type vertical axis wind rotor device was invented. The vertical axis wind rotor device has the characteristics of high energy acquisition efficiency, good reliability, and easy installation and transportation.

[0045] The present invention can realize structural manufacturing and production, and achieve various optimizations without limiting the power of wind turbines. It can be expanded to the research of offshore floating vertical axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbine arrays, and can form a certain system from configuration design, structural optimization, model testing to manufacturing and mass production.

[0046] The present invention is a Φ-shaped segmented wind wheel device, which realizes efficient operation of the wind wheel through configuration optimization and design, and has the characteristics of low design cost and good aerodynamic performance.

[0047] The present invention relates to a high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device, which achieves similar effects to the above-mentioned invention through a simple configuration, and the single configuration can still be promoted to a dual configuration or a multi-configuration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Attachment Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0049] Attachment Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of modeling and solving the equation group of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel in step 2 in the rectangular coordinate system of the present invention.

[0050] Attachment Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the design steps of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel of the present invention.

[0051] Attachment Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the aerodynamic characteristics of the optimal configuration of the optimized Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel of the present invention.

[0052] Attachment Figure 5 The present invention changes the fan speed, that is, changes the TSR, at the rated wind speed V = 11.3m / s, and monitors the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel C in the low, medium and high speed ratio range. P Schematic diagram of the curve.

[0053] Attachment Figure 6 The aerodynamic load duration C of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel of the present invention is P Schematic diagram of the curve.

[0054] Attachment Figure 7 The aerodynamic load duration C of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel of the present invention is T Schematic diagram of the curve.

[0055] In the attached figure: 1. Blade; 2. Vertical shaft; 3. Support structure; 4. Straight blade; 5. Fairing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The present invention provides a highly efficient detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes: blades 1, a vertical rotating shaft 2, and a supporting structure 3. The three blades 1 are respectively connected to the vertical rotating shaft 2 through the upper and lower supporting structures 3. The blades 1 include curved blades, and the two ends of the curved blades are respectively connected to the straight blades 4 through detachable structures. A guide cover 5 is installed on the upper part of the vertical rotating shaft 2. The guide cover 5 optimizes the airflow and improves the starting performance of the fan.

[0058] The angle between the connection point of the parabolic blade and the straight blade 4 and the vertical rotation axis 2, that is, the optimal support structure installation angle θ is 60°, and the contour curve is optimally truncated when the support structure angle θ=30°.

[0059] The angles between the upper and lower support structures 3 and the vertical rotation axis 2 are 60° and 120° respectively.

[0060] Preferably, the airfoil of the blade 1 is a NACA0018 airfoil, with a tip speed ratio TSR=3.5 and a density σ=0.24.

[0061] The height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind wheel device is 1.2;

[0062] In this embodiment, the wind rotor blades are composed of three detachable blades. The length ratio of the straight blade installed at one end of the curved blade, the curved blade, and the straight blade installed at the other end of the curved blade is 0.15:0.7:0.15. The middle segment curve is a parabola, and the segmented curve function is:

[0063]

[0064] y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x,x∈(2.19,14.18)

[0065] y=-1.443(x-16.37),x∈[14.18,16.37]

[0066] The wind rotor of the present invention has good starting performance, high energy utilization rate, and good stability. At the rated wind speed of 4m / s, the starting wind speed is 4m / s, and the energy utilization rate CP can reach 0.41 at the rated wind speed of 11.3m / s. The wind rotor tends to be stable after running for about 2s and has good thrust characteristics.

[0067] This embodiment also includes:

[0068] A design method for the above-mentioned high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Select rated wind speed V = 11.3m / s and air density ρ = 1.225kg / m 3 , A is the wind wheel swept area, energy utilization rate is recorded as C P ,

[0070]

[0071] Step 2: Design the basic configuration of the wind rotor device, based on the Φ-shaped wind rotor with a parabolic outline. Establish an XY rectangular coordinate system based on the height and diameter of the wind rotor. The height direction of the wind rotor is the X-axis, the left vertex is the origin (0, 0), that is, one end point of the wind rotor, and the right vertex is the other zero point (H, 0). The distance between the left and right vertices is the wind rotor height H, D is the wind rotor diameter, and the parabola opening direction is the diameter direction. The vertex coordinates are marked as (H / 2, D / 2). The parabola equation is specifically in the form of:

[0072] y=ax 2 +bx+c,a、b≠0

[0073] At this time, the closed area formed by the parabola is half of the wind rotor swept area. Curve integration is performed to obtain equation (1). Substituting the left and right endpoints into equations (2) and (3), the vertex of the parabola is substituted into equation (4). The height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind rotor is set to 1.2, 1.0, and 0.8 respectively. When η = H / D = 1.2, equation (5) is obtained, which is specifically:

[0074]

[0075] c=0 (2)

[0076] aH 2 +bH=0 (3)

[0077]

[0078] Combined with the equations, at A = 148.883m 2 , when H / D=1.2, we can solve:

[0079] a=-0.1018, b=1.6667, H=16.3704m, D=13.642m; y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x

[0080] When H / D=1.0,

[0081] a=-0.1338, b=2, H=D=14.944m; y=-0.1338x 2 +2x

[0082] When H / D=0.8,

[0083] a=-0.187, b=2.5, H=13.3664m, D=16.708m; y=-0.187x 2 +2.5x;

[0084] Step 3: Determine the key parameters of the vertical axis wind rotor, including the height-to-diameter ratio η, the tip speed ratio TSR mainly driven by the wind rotor angular velocity and wind speed, the support structure angle θ, the airfoil, the number of blades Z, and the density σ;

[0085] Step 4: Based on the optimal parameter combination of the wind wheel in step 3, the blades are designed using a "three-segment" method, that is, a straight line + parabola + straight line. The two straight lines are designed symmetrically to determine the optimal truncation position of the parabola.

[0086] Preferably, step 5 can be performed according to actual needs, that is, quantifying the simulation design and optimal aerodynamic results of steps 1-4, thereby providing the analysis results of its performance and aerodynamic load characteristics.

[0087] Furthermore, the step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] Step 3.1: Analyze the aerodynamic performance of the blade under different curve functions for different height-to-diameter ratios η, and determine the optimal curve function and height-to-diameter ratio η;

[0089] Step 3.2: Under the selected η condition, analyze the effect of the optimal tip speed ratio TSR on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal tip speed ratio TSR. The tip speed ratio TSR is:

[0090]

[0091] Step 3.3: Under the selected conditions of η and tip speed ratio TSR, analyze the effect of the support structure position, i.e., the angle θ formed with the vertical axis of rotation, on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine, and determine the optimal support structure installation angle θ;

[0092] Step 3.4: Under the conditions of the selected η, tip speed ratio TSR, and support structure installation angle θ, analyze the effect of airfoil selection on the aerodynamic performance of the vertical axis wind rotor and determine the optimal airfoil;

[0093] Step 3.5: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, and airfoil, analyze the effect of density σ on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal density σ. The density σ is expressed by the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Step 3.6: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, airfoil, and density σ, analyze the effect of the number of blades Z on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal number of blades Z.

[0096] As attached Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel intuitively demonstrates the modeling and equation solution in step 2 in the rectangular coordinate system. The current vertical axis 2 is rotated 90° to the Y axis as the horizontal axis coordinate system, and the parabola expression will change accordingly. Figure 2 With attached Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence succinctly describes the parameter setting of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel in the early stage of design, accurately describes the geometric shape, and helps to improve multi-dimensional parameter optimization.

[0097] As attached Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the flow chart clearly shows the design steps of the Φ-type vertical axis wind rotor. During the optimization process, some steps can be simply replaced. When the control variable method is used for parameter optimization, the number of quantities to be optimized can be increased and is not limited to 2 or 3.

[0098] As attached Figure 4 The figure shows the aerodynamic characteristics of the optimized Φ-shaped vertical-axis wind rotor configuration. Multiple wind speeds were used to monitor wind turbine power, namely the VP curve. During the numerical simulation, the starting wind speed, V = 2 m / s, was gradually increased to the rated wind speed, V = 11.3 m / s, and further to the cut-out wind speed, V = 25 m / s. It can be seen that the Φ-shaped vertical-axis wind rotor generates power, namely positive torque, at V = 4 m / s, demonstrating excellent self-starting performance.

[0099] As attached Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the wind turbine speed is changed at rated wind speed V = 11.3m / s, that is, TSR is changed, and the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel C is monitored in the low, medium and high speed ratio range. P , it can be seen that the curve shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. When TSR=3.5, C P Reach the maximum, that is, C P =0.41, after TSR>6.5, the wind turbine stops energy conversion.

[0100] As attached Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the aerodynamic load duration curve of the Φ-type vertical axis wind wheel is further shown, namely C P with C T Curve, C T is the dimensionless expression of thrust F, which is: As can be seen, both curves indicate that the wind turbine's operating state stabilizes around t = 2s, with the amplitude fluctuating within a small range, demonstrating its superior thrust stability. Therefore, the Φ-shaped vertical-axis wind rotor formed through the design, optimization, and performance evaluation steps of this patented invention possesses superior aerodynamic performance.

[0101] The following are the parameter selection and implementation processes involved in each step:

[0102] Basic parameter calculations are performed according to steps 1 and 2 of the embodiment. The aspect ratio in step 2 is not limited to the selection in the embodiment, but the main dimensions of the wind rotor are calculated for aspect ratios η>1, η=1, and η<1, as well as the resulting curve profile function. These three cases are substituted into step 3.1. During the actual optimization of step 3.1, other parameters are controlled using the control variable method. The TSR value is selected within a certain range, such as selecting a specific value within TSR=3.5-5, and the rated wind speed V=11.3m / s is used to set the wind rotor speed. Other parameters such as the presence or absence of a support structure, the support structure angle, the airfoil, the density, and the number of blades can be easily set according to the situation. In this embodiment, the parameter settings for step 3.1 are as follows: TSR=4, no support, NACA0018 airfoil, density σ=0.24, number of blades Z=3, and full curve profile. In subsequent steps, other parameters are selected from these parameters except for the parameters themselves that need to be controlled. According to calculations, when the height-to-diameter ratio η is 1.2, the energy utilization rate of the wind wheel is higher and the aerodynamic load is smaller, which is hereinafter referred to as the optimal aerodynamic parameter.

[0103] Step 3.2 and step 3.1 can be interchanged, but it is still feasible to discuss the range of the tip speed ratio TSR under the selection of a specific curve profile. Based on the other parameter settings provided in step 3.1, the height-to-diameter ratio η=1.2 is introduced, and the low tip speed ratio, medium tip speed ratio and high tip speed ratio are calculated, such as TSR=1, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6. During the process, only the wind wheel speed needs to be changed. After calculation, TSR=3.5 is the optimal aerodynamic parameter.

[0104] The subsequent steps are calculated under the optimal tip speed ratio TSR=3.5.

[0105] The support structure design in step 3.3 has a gain effect on the structural stability of the wind rotor. The support structure 3 has four sections and adopts a symmetrical design. The cross-section of the support structure is an airfoil, which is the same as the airfoil used in blade 1. This design can achieve the effect of "no reduction" in aerodynamic efficiency and improved structural stability. It is connected to blade 1 and vertical shaft 2 respectively. The four sections of the support structure are 0.52m away from the center of the wind rotor in the vertical direction. The angle formed by the vertical shaft 2 and the support structure 3 in the vertical direction is θ, and the values of θ are 30°, 45° and 60° respectively. Correspondingly, the connection position of the support structure 3 close to the blade end changes according to the angle. After calculation, θ=60° is the optimal aerodynamic parameter.

[0106] The profile of the Φ-shaped vertical axis wind rotor blade 1 is generated by the airfoil and is stretched by parabola drive, so any cross section of the blade 1 is an airfoil. Conveniently, step 3.4 optimizes the aerodynamic performance of the airfoils NACA0012, NACA0015 and NACA0018. After calculation, the airfoil NACA0018 is the optimal aerodynamic parameter.

[0107] Steps 3.5 and 3.6 can be swapped. When discussing the sensitivity of the density σ, taking the number of blades Z = 3 as an example, the density σ is defined as 0.12, 0.18, and 0.24, respectively. Accordingly, only the chord lengths c need to be set, corresponding to 0.273m, 0.409m, and 0.5456m, respectively. Furthermore, when discussing the settings of the number of blades Z = 2 and Z = 3, the density σ = 0.24 is selected for calculation. In this case, the chord length c is changed to 0.8219m. After calculation, the density σ = 0.24 and the number of blades Z = 3 are the optimal aerodynamic parameters.

[0108] Step 3 has comprehensively discussed and optimized the rotor aerodynamic configuration. Considering that large and medium-sized curved blades, while achieving optimal aerodynamic performance, have drawbacks in integrated manufacturing, transportation, and installation, the slender curved blades will adopt the segmented design in Step 4. The segmented design does not change the parabolic expression, but adopts a symmetrical straight line design at both ends. There are three variables discussed, namely, the corresponding designs are based on the three angles θ used in Step 3.3, specifically:

[0109] When θ=30°, the support structure 3 and the blade 1 intersect to form a straight line segment 4. The intersection is 3.16m away from the center of the vertical axis 2 and 2.19m away from the top of the wind rotor. The parabola expression is:

[0110]

[0111] y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x,x∈(2.19,14.18)

[0112] y=-1.443(x-16.37),x∈[14.18,16.37]

[0113] Similarly, when θ = 45°, the parabola expression is:

[0114]

[0115] y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x,x∈(3.29,13.08)

[0116] y=-1.33(x-16.37),x∈[13.08,16.37]

[0117] When θ=60°, the parabola expression is:

[0118]

[0119] y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x,x∈(4.52,11.85)

[0120] y=-1.21(x-16.37),x∈[11.85,16.37]

[0121] After calculation, the three-segment curve formed by truncation at θ=30° is the optimal curve that combines aerodynamic performance and structural advantages. At this time, the ratio of the three blade lengths is 15%:70%:15%.

[0122] In aerodynamic calculations, to accurately simulate the rotation of the wind turbine, the time step is set according to the integer multiple of the time required for the wind rotor to rotate. Specifically:

[0123] M is a positive integer, generally ranging from 1 to 3, and n is the wind wheel speed.

[0124] In summary, the optimal configuration parameters of the Φ-type vertical axis wind rotor are: height-to-diameter ratio η = 1.2, tip speed ratio TSR = 3.5, support structure angle θ = 60°, airfoil NACA0018, density σ = 0.24, number of blades Z = 3, and the contour curve is optimally truncated at the support structure angle θ = 30°.

[0125] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device, characterized in that: include: Blades (1), a vertical rotating shaft (2), and a supporting structure (3); the three blades (1) are connected to the vertical rotating shaft (2) via two upper and lower supporting structures (3), respectively; the blades (1) include curved blades; both ends of the curved blades are connected to straight blades (4) via detachable structures, respectively; and a deflector (5) is installed on the upper portion of the vertical rotating shaft (2).

2. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle between the connection point of the parabola segment blade and the straight blade (4) and the vertical rotation axis (2), that is, the optimal support structure installation angle θ is 60°.

3. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angles between the upper and lower support structures (3) and the vertical rotation axis (2) are 60° and 120° respectively.

4. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The airfoil of the blade (1) is a NACA0018 airfoil, with a tip speed ratio TSR=3.5 and a density σ=0.

24.

5. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind wheel device is 1.

2.

6. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The length ratio of the straight blade installed at one end of the curved blade, the curved blade, and the straight blade installed at the other end of the curved blade is 0.15:0.7:0.

15.

7. The high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The curved blades are parabolic blades.

8. A design method for a high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select rated wind speed V = 11.3m / s and air density ρ = 1.225kg / m 3 , A is the wind wheel swept area, energy utilization rate is recorded as C P , Step 2: Design the basic configuration of the wind rotor device, based on the Φ-shaped wind rotor with a parabolic outline. Establish an XY rectangular coordinate system based on the height and diameter of the wind rotor. The height direction of the wind rotor is the X-axis, the left vertex is the origin (0, 0), that is, one end point of the wind rotor, and the right vertex is the other zero point (H, 0). The distance between the left and right vertices is the wind rotor height H, D is the wind rotor diameter, and the parabola opening direction is the diameter direction. The vertex coordinates are marked as (H / 2, D / 2). The parabola equation is specifically in the form of: y=ax 2 +bx+c,a、b≠0 At this time, the closed area formed by the parabola is half of the wind rotor swept area. Curve integration is performed to obtain equation (1). Substituting the left and right endpoints into equations (2) and (3), the vertex of the parabola is substituted into equation (4). The height-to-diameter ratio η of the wind rotor is set to 1.2, 1.0, and 0.8 respectively. When η = H / D = 1.2, equation (5) is obtained, which is specifically: c＝0 (2) aH 2 +bH=0 (3) Combined with the equations, at A = 148.883m 2 , when H / D=1.2, we can solve: a=-0.1018,b=1.6667,H=16.3704m,D=13.642m;y=-0.1018x 2 +1.667x When H / D=1.0, a=-0.1338,b=2,H=D=14.944m;y=-0.1338x 2 +2x When H / D=0.8, a=-0.187,b=2.5,H=13.3664m,D=16.708m;y=-0.187x 2 +2.5x Step 3: Determine the key parameters of the vertical axis wind rotor, including the aspect ratio η, the tip speed ratio TSR, the support structure angle θ, the airfoil, the number of blades Z, and the density σ; Step 4: Based on the optimal parameter combination of the wind wheel in step 3, the blades are selected using a "three-segment" design method, that is, a straight line + parabola + straight line. The two straight lines are designed symmetrically to determine the optimal truncation position of the parabola.

9. The design method of the high-efficiency detachable three-blade Φ-shaped vertical axis wind wheel device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 3.1: Analyze the aerodynamic performance of the blade under different curve functions for different height-to-diameter ratios η, and determine the optimal curve function and height-to-diameter ratio η; Step 3.2: Under the selected η condition, analyze the effect of the optimal tip speed ratio TSR on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal tip speed ratio TSR. The tip speed ratio TSR is: Step 3.3: Under the selected conditions of η and tip speed ratio TSR, analyze the effect of the support structure position, i.e., the angle θ formed with the tower, on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine, and determine the optimal support structure installation angle θ; Step 3.4: Under the conditions of the selected η, tip speed ratio TSR, and support structure installation angle θ, analyze the effect of airfoil selection on the aerodynamic performance of the vertical axis wind rotor and determine the optimal airfoil; Step 3.5: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, and airfoil, analyze the effect of density σ on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal density σ. The density σ is expressed by the following formula: Step 3.6: Under the selected conditions of η, tip speed ratio TSR, support structure installation angle θ, airfoil, and density σ, analyze the effect of the number of blades Z on the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and determine the optimal number of blades Z.

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