Non-contact type fan blade running state detection device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a non-contact type fan blade running state detection device. The non-contact type fan blade running state detection device comprises a vibration isolation support, a laser, a two-dimensional galvanometer system, a receiving lens, a high-definition infrared camera, a high-speed resolving processing module, an upper computer system and a power supply module. The laser device is arranged above the vibration isolation support, the high-definition infrared camera is arranged in the laser device, the receiving lens is connected with the laser device, the two-dimensional galvanometer system is connected with the laser device, the power supply module is connected with the laser device, the high-speed resolving processing module is connected with the power supply module, and the high-speed resolving processing module is connected with the vibration isolation support. And the upper computer system is connected with the high-speed resolving processing module. By means of vision and laser ranging, a space coordinate system with the center of the fan hub as the original point is established, and information such as point positions and light beam pointing of the whole system can be described in a parameterized coordinate mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine detection, and in particular to a non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine blades are key components in converting wind energy into mechanical energy. Their operating condition has a direct impact on power generation efficiency and turbine reliability. During turbine operation, blades may experience three types of adverse conditions: 1) imbalance among the three blade groups due to manufacturing or installation issues; 2) deviations in the motors controlling blade rotation and pitch angle, leading to blade angle imbalance; and 3) blade damage such as wear, wrinkling, cracking, and icing due to long-term operation or harsh environments. These conditions not only reduce power generation efficiency and increase maintenance costs, but can also damage the turbine and even cause production safety accidents, resulting in casualties. Therefore, monitoring the operating condition of wind turbine blades has become a crucial task. The need for blade condition monitoring is particularly urgent, especially as a large number of wind turbines are currently entering the maintenance phase.

[0003] Currently, wind turbine blade maintenance in my country still relies primarily on manual inspections and periodic overhauls, which are labor-intensive, inefficient, and difficult to monitor during turbine operation. To address this, various methods have been proposed for monitoring wind turbine blade health, including vibration measurement, acoustic measurement, strain measurement, and visual measurement. Vibration measurement, however, has attracted the most attention due to its wide measurement range, low implementation cost, interpretable results, and ability to identify internal damage.

[0004] The core of vibration measurement methods lies in identifying changes in the inherent characteristics of the blades. Wind turbine vibration response can be measured using accelerometers, fiber Bragg grating (FBG), laser measurement, and visual measurement. The first two methods are contact-based, requiring sensors to be mounted on the blade surface or embedded within the blade. During wind turbine operation, the sensors detect and record information such as acceleration and strain, enabling blade vibration measurement and condition monitoring.

[0005] Visual measurement is a non-contact detection method that uses a digital camera to obtain blade vibration information. For example, patent CN202411271970 uses video recognition to detect impeller imbalance. Laser measurement can achieve efficient and high-precision measurement. For example, CN202410581314 uses a laser radar for fixed-point measurement to obtain partial blade contour information and then determine the torsional state of the blade. CN202310539580 mentions the use of a laser Doppler vibrometer to measure blade vibration data, but does not describe the specific measurement method. Judging from the content of the patent, it should still be a fixed-point measurement.

[0006] The disadvantages of contact detection are: 1) the number and location of measurement points are limited by installation; 2) sensors installed on the surface or inside the blade will have a certain impact on the characteristics and operation of the blade; 3) for embedded sensors, it is difficult to replace or modify the parameters after the wind turbine is installed, and for external sensors, installation also requires high manpower and material costs.

[0007] The disadvantages of visual measurement are: 1) it has high requirements for external environments such as wind speed, brightness and darkness; 2) it requires a large amount of image data; 3) the accuracy of vibration measurement is not high.

[0008] The disadvantages of the laser measurement method with a fixed laser measuring instrument are: 1) it is impossible to collect real-time vibration data on rotating blades, especially high-speed moving target points near the blade tip; 2) it is impossible to achieve rapid and accurate adjustment of the beam direction, and the measurement method is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device and method, which can achieve high-precision measurement and tracking monitoring of the operating vibration of wind turbine blades and even any target point on the entire wind turbine at a lower cost of manpower and material resources.

[0010] On the one hand, the present invention provides a non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device, including a vibration isolation support, a laser, a two-dimensional galvanometer system, a receiving lens, a high-definition infrared camera, a high-speed solution processing module, a host computer system and a power supply module; the laser is arranged above the vibration isolation support, the high-definition infrared camera is arranged in the laser, the receiving lens is connected to the laser, the two-dimensional galvanometer system is connected to the laser, the power supply module is connected to the laser, the high-speed solution processing module is connected to the power supply module, and the host computer system is connected to the high-speed solution processing module.

[0011] Furthermore, a shock absorber is provided on the vibration isolation support to reduce the impact of environmental vibration on the instrument.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-contact fan blade operating state detection method using the above-mentioned non-contact fan blade operating state detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Find a suitable position to fix the non-contact fan blade operation status detection device;

[0014] S2. Record environmental information such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity;

[0015] S3. Turn on the device, set the light beam to emit horizontally, illuminate the bottom of the tower, and obtain the distance information from the device position to the wind turbine;

[0016] S4. Using an infrared camera and manual commands, control the galvanometer angle of the two-dimensional galvanometer system, move the laser spot to the center of the wheel hub, establish a spatial coordinate system, mark the center of the wheel hub as the coordinate origin, and record the distance information from the device to the center of the wheel hub, thereby obtaining vibration information of the center of the wheel hub;

[0017] S5. Adjust the laser spot to point close to the target position of the wingtip and continue measuring. As the blade rotates, three sets of surface profile data of the blade at that position and vibration data of the tower at intervals are obtained.

[0018] S6. Marking the target point to be measured on the image captured by the high-definition infrared camera;

[0019] S7, start calculating the real-time position of the target, and control the two-dimensional galvanometer system to point the laser to the target point and start tracking measurement;

[0020] S8. The device uploads the collected distance data to the host computer system, which records the distance information in real time and converts it into vibration data; the host computer system performs denoising and filtering on the vibration data and stores it in a database together with the environmental parameters at that time;

[0021] S9. Post-process the vibration data to obtain blade vibration time domain information and frequency domain information, and compare them with simulation and reference data to confirm the status of the blade.

[0022] Further, in S1, the suitable position is located 100 to 200 meters away from the wind turbine, facing the hub, and on the plane formed by the blade tips.

[0023] Furthermore, in S2, the wind turbine sensor is used to record environmental information such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity.

[0024] Furthermore, in S4, each point in space can be described in the form of X(x, y, z, t), and the direction of the light beam is described as a space vector.

[0025] Furthermore, in S6, the target point has certain features.

[0026] Furthermore, the feature is painted with color at the edge or tip to facilitate target identification.

[0027] Furthermore, in S7, since the solution generates a certain delay, the solution result has a certain error. The target's motion is predicted by the prediction algorithm and compensated in the solution coordinate result.

[0028] Furthermore, the prediction algorithm was gradually improved and revised through extensive testing.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Using vision and laser ranging, a spatial coordinate system with the center of the wind turbine hub as the origin is established, so that the position of each point in the entire system, the direction of the light beam, and other information can be described in parameterized coordinates;

[0031] 2. It uses real-time recognition and tracking technology based on deep learning. It can realize real-time target coordinate solution based on the position of the marker, so that the laser can continuously track the marked target measurement point to ensure the accuracy of aiming. This technology uses an inter-frame prediction intelligent tracking algorithm to determine the future target position based on the real-time motion state, which can reduce jitter, reduce energy consumption, and improve efficiency.

[0032] 3. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned tracking and aiming system, a two-dimensional high-speed galvanometer is used to control the real-time pointing of the laser beam, which can achieve both fixed-point measurement and continuous tracking measurement of moving target points;

[0033] 4. It adopts real-time recognition and tracking technology based on deep learning, which can realize real-time target coordinate solution according to the position of the mark, so that the laser can continuously track the marked target measurement point to ensure the accuracy of aiming. This technology uses inter-frame prediction intelligent tracking algorithm to judge the future target position according to the real-time motion state, which can reduce jitter, reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a two-dimensional galvanometer system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a non-contact method for detecting the operating status of a fan blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1: Isolation support; 2: Laser; 3: Two-dimensional galvanometer system; 4: Receiving lens; 5: High-definition infrared camera; 6: High-speed solution processing module; 7: Host computer system; 8: Power supply module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device, including a vibration isolation support 1, a laser 2, a two-dimensional galvanometer system 3, a receiving lens 4, a high-definition infrared camera 5, a high-speed solution processing module 6, a host computer system 7, and a power supply module 8. The laser 2 is arranged above the vibration isolation support 1, the high-definition infrared camera 5 is arranged in the laser 2, the receiving lens 4 is connected to the laser 2, the two-dimensional galvanometer system 3 is connected to the laser 2, the power supply module 8 is connected to the laser 2, the high-speed solution processing module 6 is connected to the power supply module 8, and the host computer system 7 is connected to the high-speed solution processing module 6.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, the vibration isolation support 1 supports the detection device. The laser 2 generates high-energy, high-repetition-rate infrared pulsed laser light and performs necessary shaping processing on the laser light. The two-dimensional galvanometer system 3 reflects the laser light and transmits it along the set coordinate direction through secondary reflection. The receiving lens 4 collects the laser light reflected by the target and focuses it on the photodetector, generating a measurement signal. The high-definition infrared camera 5 captures infrared images for visual identification of target feature points and coordinate calculation. The high-speed calculation processing module 6 calculates the real-time position coordinates of the target point based on the image information captured by the high-definition infrared camera 5 and feeds this back to the galvanometer controller to control the galvanometer's rotation angle. The calculation process includes error compensation and prediction algorithms developed through extensive testing and training. The host computer system 7 is used to display images, input control commands, and view measurement results. The power supply module integrates a lithium battery, which can provide short-term power to the instrument in the absence of external power, preventing data loss.

[0045] A shock absorber is provided on the vibration isolation support 1 to reduce the impact of environmental vibration on the instrument.

[0046] The present invention also provides a non-contact fan blade operating state detection method using the above-mentioned non-contact fan blade operating state detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Find a suitable location to fix the non-contact wind turbine blade operation status detection device, where the suitable location is located 100 to 200 meters away from the wind turbine, with the front facing the hub and on the plane formed by the blade tips;

[0048] S2. Use fan sensors to record environmental information such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity;

[0049] S3. Turn on the device, set the light beam to emit horizontally, illuminate the bottom of the tower, and obtain the distance information from the device position to the wind turbine;

[0050] S4. Using an infrared camera and manual commands, control the galvanometer angle of the two-dimensional galvanometer system 3, move the laser spot to the center of the wheel hub, establish a spatial coordinate system, mark the center of the wheel hub as the coordinate origin, and record the distance information from the device to the center of the wheel hub to obtain the vibration information of the wheel hub center. Each point in space can be described in the form of X (x, y, z, t), and the beam direction is described as a spatial vector;

[0051] S5. Adjust the laser spot to point close to the target position of the wingtip and continue measuring. As the blade rotates, three sets of surface profile data of the blade at that position and vibration data of the tower at intervals are obtained.

[0052] S6. Mark the target point to be measured on the image captured by the high-definition infrared camera 5. The target point has certain characteristics, and the characteristics are at the edge or tip position and are painted with color to facilitate target identification;

[0053] S7, start solving the real-time position of the target, and control the two-dimensional galvanometer system 3 to point the laser at the target point and start tracking measurement. Due to the delay in solving, there is a certain error in the solution result. The prediction algorithm is used to predict the movement of the target and compensate for it in the solution coordinate result. The prediction algorithm has been gradually improved and corrected after a large number of tests;

[0054] S8, the device uploads the collected distance data to the host computer system 7, the host computer system 7 records the distance information in real time and converts it into vibration data; the host computer system 7 performs denoising and filtering on the vibration data and stores it in the database together with the environmental parameters at that time;

[0055] S9. Post-process the vibration data to obtain blade vibration time domain information and frequency domain information, and compare them with simulation and reference data to confirm the status of the blade.

[0056] Vibration data applications:

[0057] Wind turbine tower status detection. Aligning the laser radar with the hub center (step 4) can obtain vibration information at the hub center, which can be roughly considered as the vibration at the top of the tower. By analyzing this vibration data, wind turbine tower vibration detection can be achieved to determine whether the tower status is abnormal;

[0058] Blade imbalance detection. The clearance values of the three blade groups from the tower wall can be obtained by using the contour data of the three blade tips obtained in step 5. By comparing the contour information of the three blade groups, the relative torsion angle and relative pitch angle information between the blades can be obtained. By analyzing the blade rotation interval time, the angle information of the three blade groups can be obtained. Based on the above distance and angle information, the imbalance of the three blade groups can be obtained from a geometric perspective.

[0059] Internal blade damage detection. Changes in the blade's internal structure reflect changes in its inherent properties, which in turn are reflected in the blade's response. Internal blade damage can significantly alter the blade's vibration information under the same wind speed conditions. Therefore, by analyzing the measured blade vibration data and comparing it with simulation analysis results and standard test data in the database, abnormal blade conditions can be identified.

[0060] It is important to note that blade measurement data is related to environmental parameters such as wind speed and temperature. When conducting analysis and comparison, local environmental data must also be taken into account.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact fan blade operating status detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vibration isolation support (1), a laser (2), a two-dimensional galvanometer system (3), a receiving lens (4), a high-definition infrared camera (5), a high-speed solution processing module (6), a host computer system (7) and a power supply module (8); the laser (2) is arranged above the vibration isolation support (1), the high-definition infrared camera (5) is arranged in the laser (2), the receiving lens (4) is connected to the laser (2), the two-dimensional galvanometer system (3) is connected to the laser (2), the power supply module (8) is connected to the laser (2), the high-speed solution processing module (6) is connected to the power supply module (8), and the host computer system (7) is connected to the high-speed solution processing module (6).

2. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock absorber is provided on the vibration isolation support (1) to reduce the influence of environmental vibration on the instrument.

3. A non-contact fan blade operating state detection method using the non-contact fan blade operating state detection device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Find a suitable position to fix the non-contact fan blade operation status detection device; S2. Record environmental information such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity; S3. Turn on the device, set the light beam to emit horizontally, illuminate the bottom of the tower, and obtain the distance information from the device position to the wind turbine; S4, using an infrared camera and manual instructions to control the galvanometer angle of the two-dimensional galvanometer system (3), move the laser spot to the center of the wheel hub, establish a spatial coordinate system, mark the center of the wheel hub as the coordinate origin, and record the distance information from the device to the center of the wheel hub, thereby obtaining vibration information of the center of the wheel hub; S5. Adjust the laser spot to point close to the target position of the wingtip and continue measuring. As the blade rotates, three sets of surface profile data of the blade at that position and vibration data of the tower at intervals are obtained. S6, marking the target point to be measured on the image captured by the high-definition infrared camera (5); S7, start calculating the real-time position of the target, and control the two-dimensional galvanometer system (3) to point the laser to the target point and start tracking measurement; S8, the device uploads the collected distance data to the host computer system (7), the host computer system (7) records the distance information in real time and converts it into vibration data; the host computer system (7) performs denoising and filtering on the vibration data and stores it in a database together with the environmental parameters at that time; S9. Post-process the vibration data to obtain blade vibration time domain information and frequency domain information, and compare them with simulation and reference data to confirm the status of the blade.

4. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the suitable position is located 100 to 200 meters away from the wind turbine, facing the hub, and on a plane formed by the blade tips.

5. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the fan sensor is used to record environmental information such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity.

6. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S4, each point in space can be described in the form of X(x, y, z, t), and the direction of the light beam is described as a space vector.

7. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S6, the target point has certain characteristics.

8. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The features are located at the edge or tip and are painted with colors to facilitate target identification.

9. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S7, due to a certain delay in the solution, there are certain errors in the solution results. The prediction algorithm is used to predict the movement of the target and compensate for it in the solution coordinate results.

10. The non-contact wind turbine blade operating status detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The prediction algorithm has been gradually improved and revised after extensive testing.

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