Compressor structure, control method thereof and compressor

Abstract

The invention provides a compressor structure, a control method thereof and a compressor. The compressor structure includes: a rotating shaft; the pressure expander is arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving manner, and a comb tooth sealing structure is arranged between the pressure expander and the rotating shaft; the diffuser is provided with a first air outlet channel, one end of the first air outlet channel is communicated with at least one middle comb tooth groove, and the other end of the first air outlet channel is communicated with the outside of the diffuser. According to the compressor structure, the control method thereof and the compressor provided by the invention, the gas flowing into the comb tooth sealing structure is drained out of the comb tooth sealing structure by utilizing the first gas outlet flow channel, so that the gas flowing through the comb tooth sealing structure is reduced, and the vortex speed of the gas flow can be reduced by reducing the gas in the comb tooth sealing structure; therefore, the excitation effect of the gas on the rotating shaft can be reduced, the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex motion degree of the rotor can be achieved, and the structural reliability of the compressor is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to a compressor structure and a control method thereof, and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal compressors are a commonly used power source in rotating machinery and are widely used in industries such as machinery, automobiles, medical care, food, electricity, building materials, petroleum, chemicals, and military.

[0003] A common structure of centrifugal compressor is Figure 1 As shown, it generally consists of an impeller locking structure 1, an impeller 2, a compression chamber 3, a diffuser 4, a casing 5, a front radial bearing 6, a first-stage bearing support 7, a front thrust bearing 8, a rotating shaft 9 (motor rotor), a rear thrust bearing 10, a motor stator 11, a rear radial bearing 12, and a second-stage bearing support 13. During operation, the rotating shaft 9 drives the impeller 2 to rotate at high speed. The impeller 2 actively draws in gas and performs work on the gas, increasing the pressure energy and kinetic energy of the gas before discharging it from the volute 3. The work performance of the impeller determines the efficiency of the compressor. Measures to improve compressor efficiency involve many aspects, including motor efficiency, impeller structure, operating speed, gas medium type, and airway sealing. The most commonly used structure for airway sealing is the comb seal structure.

[0004] The use of comb seal structure is beneficial to reduce impeller leakage loss and improve compressor efficiency. However, the comb seal structure can cause airflow vibration and affect rotor stability. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 2 , from view AA, assuming that the shaft 9 rotates counterclockwise during operation, the gas enters the comb seal structure 41 driven by the shaft 9, forming Figure 4 The gas shown (air flow 19 in the comb-teeth sealing structure) is obviously also rotating counterclockwise. At this time, the air flow distribution formed in the comb-teeth sealing structure 41 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the gas in the comb seal structure has its own rigidity, and the direction of airflow rotation is the same as that of the rotor. Therefore, the gas forms a tangential acceleration on the rotor to a certain extent, increasing the cross stiffness of the rotor, causing the rotor to produce low-frequency vortex, making the rotor and bearings subject to alternating forces and causing vibration problems, and in severe cases, fatigue damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the airflow in the comb-tooth sealing structure may cause damage to the rotor and bearings, a compressor structure and a control method thereof, as well as a compressor, are provided, which can guide the airflow out of the comb-tooth sealing structure to reduce the vibration effect of the airflow on the rotor and bearings to avoid damage to the rotor, bearings and rotating shaft.

[0006] A compressor structure, comprising:

[0007] shaft;

[0008] a diffuser, wherein the diffuser is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a comb-teeth sealing structure is provided between the diffuser and the rotating shaft;

[0009] Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the comb tooth sealing structure includes a first comb tooth groove, at least one intermediate comb tooth groove and a second comb tooth groove. The diffuser is provided with a first outlet flow channel, one end of the first outlet flow channel is connected to at least one intermediate comb tooth groove, and the other end is connected to the outside of the diffuser.

[0010] The number of the first outlet air channels is at least two, all of the first outlet air channels are sequentially arranged along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, and each of the first outlet air channels is connected to at least one of the middle comb tooth grooves.

[0011] The compressor structure further includes a control device, which is capable of acquiring the vibration of the rotating shaft and controls the on-off state of the first outlet flow channel.

[0012] The compressor structure further includes a first on-off mechanism, which is disposed on the first outlet flow passage, and the control device is electrically connected to the first on-off mechanism.

[0013] The compressor structure further includes a shell, the diffuser is disposed in the shell, and the diffuser divides the interior of the shell into a compression chamber and a bearing chamber, the first comb tooth groove is close to the compression chamber, and the second comb tooth groove is close to the bearing chamber.

[0014] A spiral flow channel structure is also provided between the diffuser and the rotating shaft. The spiral flow channel structure is located between the comb tooth sealing structure and the compression chamber. The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft. The inlet of the spiral flow channel structure is connected to the compression chamber, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure is connected to the comb tooth sealing structure.

[0015] The diffuser is provided with an air inlet channel, and the spiral flow channel structure is connected with the compression chamber through the air inlet channel.

[0016] The diffuser has a first side surface facing the compression chamber, and the inlet of the intake passage is arranged on the first side surface.

[0017] The number of the air intake channels is at least two, and all the air intake channels are evenly distributed on the first side surface with the axis of the rotating shaft as the axis.

[0018] The diffuser is further provided with a second outlet flow channel, a first end of the second outlet flow channel is communicated with the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure, and a second end of the second outlet flow channel is communicated with the outside of the diffuser.

[0019] The compressor structure further includes a control device, which is capable of acquiring the vibration of the rotating shaft and controls the on-off state of the second outlet flow channel.

[0020] The compressor structure further includes a second on-off mechanism, which is disposed on the second outlet flow passage, and the control device is electrically connected to the second on-off mechanism.

[0021] The compressor structure further includes a motor stator and a motor rotor. The motor rotor is rotatably disposed in the motor stator. The rotating shaft is connected to the motor rotor. The control device can obtain vibration of the motor rotor.

[0022] The control device includes an eddy current displacement sensor.

[0023] The first outlet flow channel is communicated with the bearing cavity.

[0024] The second outlet flow channel is communicated with the bearing cavity.

[0025] The flow area of the spiral flow channel structure is larger than the minimum distance between the comb seal structure and the rotating shaft.

[0026] A control method for the above-mentioned compressor structure,

[0027] Obtaining a vibration value of the rotating shaft, and comparing the vibration value with a first critical value;

[0028] If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the first critical value, the first outlet flow channel is controlled to be connected.

[0029] The compressor structure also includes a shell, the diffuser is arranged in the shell, and the diffuser divides the interior of the shell into a compression chamber and a bearing chamber, the first comb tooth groove is close to the compression chamber, and the second comb tooth groove is close to the bearing chamber. A spiral flow channel structure is further provided between the diffuser and the rotating shaft, and the spiral flow channel structure is located between the comb tooth sealing structure and the compression chamber. The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, and the inlet of the spiral flow channel structure is connected to the compression chamber, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure is connected to the comb tooth sealing structure. The diffuser is also provided with a second outlet flow channel, the first end of the second outlet flow channel is connected to the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure, and the second end of the second outlet flow channel is connected to the outside of the diffuser. The control method also includes:

[0030] comparing the vibration value with a second critical value, the first critical value being less than the second critical value;

[0031] If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the second critical value, the second outlet flow channel is controlled to be connected.

[0032] A compressor comprises the above-mentioned compressor structure or a control method using the above-mentioned compressor structure.

[0033] The compressor structure and control method thereof, and the compressor provided by the present invention utilize a first outlet air duct to guide the gas flowing into the comb-tooth sealing structure out of the comb-tooth sealing structure, thereby reducing the gas flowing through the comb-tooth sealing structure. The reduction of gas in the comb-tooth sealing structure can reduce the vortex speed of the airflow, thereby reducing the excitation effect of the gas on the rotating shaft, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex degree of the rotor, and effectively improving the structural reliability of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a compressor in the prior art;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Partial schematic diagram at "I" in the middle;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of section AA;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Partial schematic diagram of the “II” in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of airflow direction in a comb-teeth sealing structure in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a compressor structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Partial schematic diagram of the "IV" in the middle;

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the BB section;

[0042] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of CC section;

[0043] Figure 10 A partial cross-sectional view of a diffuser provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Partial schematic diagram of the “VI” in the middle;

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Impeller locking structure; 2. Impeller; 3. Compression chamber; 4. Diffuser; 5. Casing; 6. Front radial bearing; 7. First-stage bearing support; 8. Front thrust bearing; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Rear thrust bearing; 11. Motor stator; 12. Rear radial bearing; 13. Second-stage bearing support; 14. Bearing chamber; 15. Impeller back chamber; 16. Impeller outlet airflow; 17. Gap airflow; 18. Airflow in the comb tooth cavity; 19. Airflow in the comb tooth sealing structure; 100. Comb tooth sealing structure; 101. First comb tooth groove; 102. Middle comb tooth groove; 103. Second comb tooth groove; 104. First outlet flow channel; 25. First on-off mechanism; 105. Spiral flow channel structure; 106. Air inlet channel; 41. First side surface; 107. Second outlet flow channel; 24. Second on-off mechanism; 22. Eddy current displacement sensor; 20. Airflow in the spiral flow channel structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to facilitate the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0050] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for ease of description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components described must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "disposed," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] The working principle of the comb seal structure is as follows: There is a tiny radial gap between the inner diameter of the comb teeth of the comb seal structure and the outer diameter of the motor rotor. When the gas from the impeller flows through this radial gap, due to the sudden drop in flow area, it is approximately an ideal throttling process, its pressure and temperature drop, and its velocity increases. When this gas enters the cavity of the annular tooth, due to the sudden increase in flow area, the gas forms a strong vortex, the pressure remains unchanged but the velocity almost completely disappears, and it continues to flow to the next comb tooth. By repeating this throttling process, as the gas flows through more gaps and annular cavities, the gas accumulates more in the comb teeth farther back, the gas pressure increases, and the back pressure is formed, which reduces the ability of the gas to flow into the bearing cavity and achieves a sealing effect.

[0053] However, the comb seal structure can cause airflow vibration and affect the rotor stability. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 2 , from view AA, assuming that the shaft 9 rotates counterclockwise during operation, the gas enters the comb seal structure 41 driven by the shaft 9, forming Figure 4 The gas shown is obviously Figure 4 The gas in the comb seal structure 41 also rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the air flow distribution formed in the comb seal structure 41 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the gas in the comb seal structure has its own rigidity, and the direction of airflow rotation is the same as that of the rotor. Therefore, the gas forms a tangential acceleration on the rotor to a certain extent, increasing the cross stiffness of the rotor, causing the rotor to produce low-frequency vortex, making the rotor and bearings subject to alternating forces and causing vibration problems, and in severe cases, fatigue damage.

[0054] Through creative research, the inventors of this application discovered that to resolve the airflow excitation problem caused by comb seals, the comb seal's cross stiffness should be reduced as much as possible. This is achieved by increasing the comb seal's effective damping, C. Effective damping, C, is calculated as Cmain - (k / w), where Cmain is the main damping, k is the cross stiffness, and w is the vortex velocity. Therefore, increasing the main damping or reducing the cross stiffness can both increase the effective damping, thereby improving the stability of the seal-rotor system.

[0055] To this end, this application provides a Figures 6 to 11 The compressor structure shown includes: a rotating shaft 9; a diffuser 4, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 9, and a comb tooth sealing structure 100 is provided between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9; along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 9, the comb tooth sealing structure 100 includes a first comb tooth groove 101, at least one intermediate comb tooth groove 102 and a second comb tooth groove 103, and a first outlet flow channel 104 is provided on the diffuser 4, one end of the first outlet flow channel 104 is connected to at least one of the intermediate comb tooth grooves 102, and the other end is connected to the outside of the diffuser 4, and the first outlet flow channel 104 is used to guide the gas flowing into the comb tooth sealing structure 100 out of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, so that the gas flowing through the comb tooth sealing structure 100 is reduced, thereby reducing the excitation effect of the gas on the rotating shaft 9, and then achieving the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex degree of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9, effectively improving the structural reliability of the compressor.

[0056] Specifically, when the compressor structure is in operation, the gas compressed by the impeller will flow into the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 due to the pressure, and the gas in the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 will cause the rotating shaft 9 to generate an excitation effect. When the vibration value of the rotating shaft 9 is large, the first outlet flow channel 104 can be opened to discharge the gas in the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 out of the comb-tooth sealing structure 100, that is, the gas from the first comb-tooth groove 101 to the middle comb-tooth groove 102 connected to the first outlet flow channel 104 is discharged from the comb-tooth sealing structure 100. At this time, the gas will not continue to flow toward the second comb-tooth groove 103, avoiding The accumulation of gas in the comb tooth sealing structure 100 is avoided, so that the amount of gas in the middle comb tooth groove 102 between the first outlet flow channel 104 and the second comb tooth groove 103 and the second comb tooth groove 103 is reduced, thereby reducing the exciting effect of the airflow on the rotating shaft 9, and can achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex degree of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9, and effectively improve the structural reliability of the compressor; at the same time, the gas entering the middle comb tooth groove 102 and the second comb tooth groove 103 can still prevent the gas from leaking outward, and can still ensure the sealing effect of the comb tooth sealing structure 100 and the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0057] Optionally, the number of the first outlet air ducts 104 is at least two, and all the first outlet air ducts 104 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 9, and each of the first outlet air ducts 104 is connected to at least one of the intermediate comb tooth grooves 102. By setting up multiple first outlet air ducts 104, discharge can be performed at different positions of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, and then can be selected according to the vibration degree of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor. On the basis of ensuring the reliability of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, the amount of gas discharged through the first outlet air duct 104 can be reduced as much as possible, which can not only ensure the sealing effect of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, but also reduce the ineffective work caused by the gas compressed by the impeller flowing into the first outlet air duct 104, thereby improving the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0058] The compressor structure further includes a control device, which can obtain the vibration of the rotating shaft 9, and the control device controls the on / off state of the first outlet flow channel 104. The control device is used to detect the vibration of the rotating shaft 9, so that the vibration value of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9 can be obtained. This vibration value is compared with a predetermined critical value to determine whether the first outlet flow channel 104 is connected, thereby achieving the purpose of dynamically adjusting the compressor. When the compressor structure is running smoothly, the smaller the vibration value detected by the control device, the better. When the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor are excited by the gas and generate vortex, the vibration value of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor becomes larger, and the more intense the vortex of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, the larger the vibration value.

[0059] The compressor structure also includes a first on-off mechanism 25, which is disposed on the first outlet flow channel 104. The control device is electrically connected to the first on-off mechanism 25, and utilizes the first on-off mechanism 25 to implement on-off control of the first outlet flow channel 104. When the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 detected by the control device exceeds a preset critical value, the first on-off mechanism 25 can be controlled to open the first outlet flow channel 104, thereby reducing the amount of gas within the comb seal structure 100 and thereby reducing the vibration of the rotating shaft 9, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the compressor. The first on-off mechanism 25 remains in a normally closed state during normal operation of the compressor structure (when the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 does not exceed the preset critical value).

[0060] The compressor structure also includes a shell 5, and the diffuser 4 is arranged in the shell 5, and the diffuser 4 divides the interior of the shell 5 into a compression chamber 3 and a bearing chamber 14, the first comb tooth groove 101 is close to the compression chamber 3, and the second comb tooth groove 103 is close to the bearing chamber 14, that is, the compression chamber 3 and the bearing chamber 14 are relatively sealed and separated by a comb tooth sealing structure 100, and the impeller is arranged in the compression chamber 3, so that the gas entering the compression chamber 3 can be compressed, and the motor and the bearing supporting the rotating shaft 9 are arranged in the bearing chamber 14, the motor can drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, and drive the impeller arranged on the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of compressing the gas, the compressed gas in the compression chamber 3 will leak through the gap between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9, and the comb tooth sealing structure 100 can seal this part of the leaked gas, thereby ensuring the compression effect of the impeller on the gas and ensuring the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0061] In the airflow excitation problem caused by the comb tooth sealing structure 100, the airflow rotation direction is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor. The airflow with the same rotation direction will form tangential acceleration on the rotating shaft 9 to a certain extent, which will increase the cross stiffness of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, causing the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor to produce low-frequency vortex. At this time, the rotating shaft 9, the rotor and the bearings are subjected to alternating forces, which will also cause the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor to have vibration problems. For this reason, a spiral flow channel structure 105 is also provided between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9. The spiral flow channel structure 105 is located between the comb tooth sealing structure 100 and the compression chamber 3. The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 9, and the inlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is connected to the compression chamber 3, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is connected to the comb tooth sealing structure 100. The spiral flow channel structure 105 is used to rectify the gas flowing into the comb-tooth sealing structure 100. The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is used to force the gas to change its flow direction to achieve counter-rotation after entering the spiral flow channel, thereby avoiding the airflow rotation direction being the same as the rotor rotation direction, thereby reducing the tangential acceleration of the airflow on the rotating shaft 9, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the cross stiffness. The reduction of the cross stiffness can effectively improve the effective damping, thereby improving the stability of the seal-rotor system. At the same time, the change in the flow direction of the airflow can also reduce the tangential force of the gas on the rotating shaft 9, so that the tangential acceleration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor is reduced, reducing the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, and effectively improving the reliability of the compressor.

[0062] The diffuser 4 is provided with an air inlet passage 106, through which the spiral flow channel structure 105 communicates with the compression chamber 3. By providing the air inlet passage 106, the compressed gas in the compression chamber 3 is introduced into the spiral flow channel structure 105. This prevents the gas in the compression chamber 3 from flowing into the spiral flow channel structure 105 solely through the gap between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9. In this manner, the airflow can fully enter the spiral flow channel structure 105 for reverse flow, thereby reducing the tangential force and cross stiffness of the gas in the spiral flow channel structure 105. This ensures that the spiral flow channel structure 105 effectively suppresses the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, thereby improving the reliability of the compressor.

[0063] If the gas in the compression chamber 3 flows into the spiral flow channel structure 105 through the gap between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9, there is also the problem of throttling from the gap and then diffusing when entering the spiral flow channel structure 105, so that the pressure of the gas in the spiral flow channel structure 105 remains unchanged but the speed almost completely disappears. At this time, the spiral flow channel structure 105 will only produce a tangential extrusion force on the rotating shaft 9 but cannot achieve the reverse flow of the airflow, cannot reduce the tangential force of the rotating shaft 9, and cannot reduce the problem of violent vortex of the rotor. For this reason, the diffuser 4 has a first side surface 41 facing the compression chamber 3, and the inlet of the air inlet channel 106 is arranged on the first side surface 41. At this time, the gas entering the spiral flow channel structure 105 will preferably enter from the inlet of the air inlet channel 106. At this time, the gas entering the spiral flow channel structure 105 can maintain a higher pressure and a larger flow rate, thereby reducing the tangential force of the rotating shaft 9, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the vortex degree and vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor.

[0064] Optionally, the number of the air inlet channels 106 is at least two, and all the air inlet channels 106 are evenly distributed on the first side surface 41 with the axis of the rotating shaft 9 as the axis. By providing multiple air inlet channels 106, it is possible to ensure that gas enters the spiral flow channel structure 105 from multiple points, thereby ensuring the amount of gas entering the spiral flow channel structure 105 and avoiding the problem of uneven gas distribution in the spiral flow channel structure 105 and increased tangential force on the rotating shaft 9 caused by gas being fed into the spiral flow channel structure 105 from a single point. This ensures the effect of reducing the tangential force on the rotating shaft 9, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the degree of vortex and vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor.

[0065] The diffuser 4 is also provided with a second outlet flow channel 107, a first end of which is in communication with the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105, and a second end of which is in communication with the exterior of the diffuser 4. The inlet flow channel and the spiral flow channel structure 105 are fixed structures provided on the diffuser 4. Both are capable of consistently rectifying the gas flowing into the comb-tooth seal structure 100, while also increasing the amount of gas at the comb-tooth seal structure 100 and the vibration excitation effect of the comb-tooth seal structure 100 on the rotating shaft 9. By providing the second outlet flow channel 107, the gas about to flow into the comb-tooth seal structure 100 can be diverted out of the comb-tooth seal structure 100, thereby reducing the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, and effectively improving the structural reliability of the compressor.

[0066] Furthermore, the compressor structure also includes a control device capable of detecting the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and controlling the on / off state of the second outlet air passage 107. By detecting the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 using the control device, a vibration value of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9 can be obtained. This vibration value is compared with a predetermined critical value to determine whether to connect the second outlet air passage 107, thereby achieving the purpose of dynamically adjusting the compressor.

[0067] The compressor structure also includes a second on-off mechanism 24, which is arranged on the second outlet flow channel 107. The control device is electrically connected to the second on-off mechanism 24, and the second on-off mechanism 24 is used to realize on-off control of the second outlet flow channel 107. When the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 detected by the control device exceeds a preset critical value, the second on-off mechanism 24 can be controlled to open the second outlet flow channel 107, thereby reducing the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 by reducing the amount of gas in the comb-tooth sealing structure 100, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the compressor. Preferably, when detecting the vibration of the rotating shaft 9, the first outlet flow channel 104 is adjusted first. At this time, part of the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 still exists. Sealing is performed to ensure the sealing effect. At the same time, the gas entering the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 through the inlet flow channel and the spiral flow channel structure 105 will be reduced due to the presence of part of the comb-tooth sealing structure 100, thereby reducing the leakage of the compression chamber 3. Only when the vibration value of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor still exceeds the critical value after the first outlet flow channel 104 is opened, the second outlet flow channel 107 is opened at this time, and the gas flowing to the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 is drained away through the second outlet flow channel 107. Although it will increase the leakage of the compression chamber 3, it can quickly reduce the amount of gas in the comb-tooth sealing structure 100, reduce the excitation effect of the comb-tooth sealing structure 100 on the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, reduce the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, and ensure the reliability of the compressor. The second on-off structure remains in a normally closed state during the normal operation of the compressor structure (when the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 does not exceed the preset critical value).

[0068] The compressor structure further includes a motor stator 11 and a motor rotor. The motor rotor is rotatably disposed within the motor stator 11. The rotating shaft 9 is connected to the motor rotor. The control device is capable of detecting vibrations of the motor rotor. The motor stator 11 generates a magnetic field, and the motor rotor rotates at high speed under the action of the electromagnetic field, thereby driving the rotating shaft 9 and the impeller thereon to rotate at high speed, thereby compressing the gas entering the compression chamber 3. The control device is capable of directly detecting the motor rotor to obtain a vibration value of the motor rotor, and can then control the first outlet flow channel 104 and the second outlet flow channel 107 based on the vibration value.

[0069] Optionally, the control device includes an eddy current displacement sensor 22. The eddy current sensor can measure the spatial position and vibration amplitude of the motor rotor or shaft 9 statically and dynamically, non-contactly, with high linearity and high resolution. The control device also includes a processor for receiving signals from the eddy current displacement sensor 22 and processing the signals. The processor can output a control signal for controlling the first on-off mechanism or the second on-off mechanism through processing, thereby achieving control of the first on-off mechanism or the second on-off mechanism. Preferably, the first on-off mechanism and the second on-off mechanism are both solenoid valves.

[0070] Preferably, the first outlet flow channel 104 is connected to the bearing cavity 14. The first outlet flow channel 104 is used to guide the gas from the comb seal structure 100 into the bearing cavity 14, and then return it to the compressor through the bearing cavity 14 and other pre-set structures, thus achieving circulation. When the compressor structure is used in an air conditioner, the bearing cavity 14 is connected to the evaporator. The gas delivered to the bearing cavity 14 by the first outlet flow channel 104 can be sent to the evaporator, then enter the heat exchange cycle of the air conditioner, and finally enter the impeller again to achieve circulation.

[0071] Preferably, the second outlet flow channel 107 is connected to the bearing cavity 14. The second outlet flow channel 107 is used to guide the gas from the comb seal structure 100 into the bearing cavity 14, and then return it to the compressor through the bearing cavity 14 and other pre-set structures, thus achieving circulation. When the compressor structure is used in an air conditioner, the bearing cavity 14 is connected to the evaporator. The gas delivered to the bearing cavity 14 by the second outlet flow channel 107 can be sent to the evaporator, then enter the heat exchange cycle of the air conditioner, and finally enter the impeller again to achieve circulation.

[0072] The flow area of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is larger than the minimum distance between the comb tooth sealing structure 100 and the rotating shaft 9. Due to the action of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, it can limit the flow of gas into the comb tooth sealing structure 100, ensuring that there is sufficient gas to fill the spiral flow channel structure 105, thereby improving the driving effect (anti-rotation effect) of the spiral flow channel structure 105 on the gas, reducing the tangential force of the rotating shaft 9, and achieving the purpose of reducing the vortex degree and vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor.

[0073] A control method for the above-mentioned compressor structure,

[0074] Obtaining a vibration value of the rotating shaft 9, and comparing the vibration value with a first critical value;

[0075] If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the first critical value, it indicates that the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor is large at this time, and the tangential force of the comb tooth sealing structure 100 on the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor is large, then the first outlet airflow duct 104 is controlled to be connected, and part of the airflow in the comb tooth sealing structure 100 is drained out, so that the amount of gas in the middle comb tooth groove 102 and the second comb tooth groove 103 between the first outlet airflow duct 104 and the second comb tooth groove 103 is reduced, thereby reducing the excitation effect of the airflow on the rotating shaft 9, and can achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex degree of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9, and effectively improve the structural reliability of the compressor; at the same time, the gas entering the middle comb tooth groove 102 and the second comb tooth groove 103 can still prevent the gas from leaking outward, and can still ensure the sealing effect of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, thereby ensuring the working efficiency of the compressor. When the vibration value is less than the first critical value, it indicates that the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor is small, and the compressor runs relatively smoothly. The first outlet air duct 104 can be closed to ensure the sealing effect of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, reduce the leakage caused by the opening of the first outlet air duct 104, and improve the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0076] The compressor structure also includes a shell 5, the diffuser 4 is arranged in the shell 5, and the diffuser 4 divides the interior of the shell 5 into a compression chamber 3 and a bearing chamber 14, the first comb tooth groove 101 is close to the compression chamber 3, and the second comb tooth groove 103 is close to the bearing chamber 14, a spiral flow channel structure 105 is further provided between the diffuser 4 and the rotating shaft 9, the spiral flow channel structure 105 is located between the comb tooth sealing structure 100 and the compression chamber 3, the spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 9, and the inlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is connected to the compression chamber 3, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105 is connected to the comb tooth sealing structure 100, the diffuser 4 is further provided with a second outlet flow channel 107, the first end of the second outlet flow channel 107 is connected to the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure 105, and the second end of the second outlet flow channel 107 is connected to the outside of the diffuser 4, and the control method further includes:

[0077] comparing the vibration value with a second critical value, the first critical value being less than the second critical value;

[0078] If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the second critical value, it indicates that opening the first air outlet duct to drain the comb tooth sealing structure 100 can no longer reduce the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor. The vibration value of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor not only does not decrease, but increases to the second critical value. Then the second air outlet duct 107 is controlled to be connected, and the gas sent to the comb tooth sealing structure 100 by the spiral flow channel structure 105 is drained into the bearing cavity 14, further reducing the gas volume of the comb tooth sealing structure 100, thereby reducing the excitation effect of the airflow on the rotating shaft 9, and can achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration and vortex degree of the rotor connected to the rotating shaft 9, effectively improving the structural reliability of the compressor.

[0079] When the vibration value drops below the second critical value, the second air outlet channel is closed and the comb seal structure 100 is guided only through the first air outlet channel, thereby reducing the leakage caused by the opening of the second air outlet channel and ensuring the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0080] When the vibration value is between the first critical value and the second critical value, it indicates that the opening of the first air outlet duct can suppress the vibration of the rotating shaft 9 and the rotor, keep the second air outlet duct closed, reduce the leakage caused by the opening of the second air outlet duct, and ensure the working efficiency of the compressor.

[0081] A compressor comprises the above-mentioned compressor structure or a control method using the above-mentioned compressor structure.

[0082] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A compressor structure, characterized in that: include: Rotating shaft (9); A diffuser (4), the diffuser (4) being sleeved on the rotating shaft (9), and a comb-teeth sealing structure (100) being provided between the diffuser (4) and the rotating shaft (9); Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (9), the comb tooth sealing structure (100) comprises a first comb tooth groove (101), at least one intermediate comb tooth groove (102) and a second comb tooth groove (103); a first outlet flow channel (104) is provided on the diffuser (4); one end of the first outlet flow channel (104) is connected to the at least one intermediate comb tooth groove (102), and the other end is connected to the outside of the diffuser (4).

2. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first outlet air channels (104) is at least two, all of the first outlet air channels (104) are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (9), and each of the first outlet air channels (104) is connected to at least one of the middle comb tooth grooves (102).

3. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a control device, which is capable of acquiring the vibration of the rotating shaft (9), and controls the on-off state of the first outlet flow channel (104).

4. The compressor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a first on-off mechanism (25), the first on-off mechanism (25) being arranged on the first outlet flow channel (104), and the control device being electrically connected to the first on-off mechanism (25).

5. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a shell (5), the diffuser (4) being arranged in the shell (5), and the diffuser (4) dividing the interior of the shell (5) into a compression chamber (3) and a bearing chamber (14), the first comb tooth groove (101) being close to the compression chamber (3), and the second comb tooth groove (103) being close to the bearing chamber (14).

6. The compressor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spiral flow channel structure (105) is further provided between the diffuser (4) and the rotating shaft (9). The spiral flow channel structure (105) is located between the comb-teeth sealing structure (100) and the compression chamber (3). The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (9). The inlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is communicated with the compression chamber (3), and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is communicated with the comb-teeth sealing structure (100).

7. The compressor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air inlet channel (106) is provided on the diffuser (4), and the spiral flow channel structure (105) is connected to the compression chamber (3) through the air inlet channel (106).

8. The compressor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diffuser (4) has a first side surface (41) facing the compression chamber (3), and the inlet of the air inlet passage (106) is arranged on the first side surface (41).

9. The compressor structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the air inlet channels (106) is at least two, and all the air inlet channels (106) are evenly distributed on the first side surface (41) with the axis of the rotating shaft (9) as the axis.

10. The compressor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diffuser (4) is further provided with a second outlet flow channel (107), a first end of the second outlet flow channel (107) being in communication with the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105), and a second end of the second outlet flow channel (107) being in communication with the outside of the diffuser (4).

11. The compressor structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a control device, wherein the control device is capable of acquiring the vibration of the rotating shaft (9), and the control device controls the on-off state of the second outlet flow channel (107).

12. The compressor structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a second on-off mechanism (24), the second on-off mechanism (24) being arranged on the second outlet flow channel (107), and the control device being electrically connected to the second on-off mechanism (24).

13. The compressor structure according to claim 3 or 11, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a motor stator (11) and a motor rotor, wherein the motor rotor is rotatably arranged in the motor stator (11), the rotating shaft (9) is connected to the motor rotor, and the control device can obtain vibration of the motor rotor.

14. The compressor structure according to claim 3 or 11, characterized in that: The control device includes an eddy current displacement sensor (22).

15. The compressor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first outlet flow channel (104) is in communication with the bearing cavity (14).

16. The compressor structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second outlet flow channel (107) is in communication with the bearing cavity (14).

17. The compressor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow area of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is greater than the minimum distance between the comb seal structure (100) and the rotating shaft (9).

18. A method for controlling a compressor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: Obtaining a vibration value of the rotating shaft (9), and comparing the vibration value with a first critical value; If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the first critical value, the first outlet flow channel (104) is controlled to be connected.

19. The control method according to claim 18, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a housing (5), the diffuser (4) being arranged in the housing (5), and the diffuser (4) dividing the interior of the housing (5) into a compression chamber (3) and a bearing chamber (14), the first comb tooth groove (101) being close to the compression chamber (3), the second comb tooth groove (103) being close to the bearing chamber (14), a spiral flow channel structure (105) being further arranged between the diffuser (4) and the rotating shaft (9), the spiral flow channel structure (105) being located between the comb tooth sealing structure (100) and the compression chamber (3), the spiral The spiral direction of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (9), and the inlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is connected to the compression chamber (3), and the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105) is connected to the comb seal structure (100). The diffuser (4) is further provided with a second outlet flow channel (107), a first end of the second outlet flow channel (107) is connected to the outlet of the spiral flow channel structure (105), and a second end of the second outlet flow channel (107) is connected to the outside of the diffuser (4). The control method further includes: comparing the vibration value with a second critical value, the first critical value being less than the second critical value; If the vibration value is greater than or equal to the second critical value, the second outlet flow channel (107) is controlled to be connected.

20. A compressor, characterized in that: A control method comprising the compressor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or applying the compressor structure according to claim 18 or 19.

Images