Sliding bearing structure of wind power partitioned elastic trapezoidal main shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses a sliding bearing structure of a wind power partitioned elastic trapezoidal main shaft. Comprising a segmented sliding bearing design, and trapezoidal cross-section staggered structures are symmetrically arranged between contact surfaces of a bearing unit and a main shaft. Aiming at the problems of weak self-aligning capability, concentrated contact stress and the like caused by insufficient elastic compensation of a wind power main bearing under high load, optimization is realized through the following innovations: a trapezoidal structure is additionally arranged on the contact surface of a block bearing, and the overall radial compliance of the bearing is enhanced by utilizing the elastic deformation characteristic of a trapezoidal cross section staggered structure; the elastic units are distributed in a gradient mode in the circumferential direction, a self-adaptive oil film pressure field is formed by combining the elastic units with the stepped lubricating flow channels, and the unbalance loading compensation capacity and the dynamic pressure lubricating efficiency of the spindle are synchronously improved. The gaps promote heat dissipation circulation and discharge of abrasion chippings, and local abrasion is avoided. By means of the structure, when the main shaft is strongly bent or moves, displacement deviation is absorbed through deformation of the elastic units, the self-aligning angle is increased, the contact stress peak value of the edges of the partitioning units is reduced, and the eccentric wear risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wind power generation, and in particular to a wind power segmented elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure. Background Art

[0002] The main shaft bearings of wind turbines are core components for power transmission and dynamic load bearing. Their reliability directly affects the power generation efficiency and economic efficiency of the unit throughout its life cycle. In existing technologies, rolling bearings are commonly used as the core support solution for wind turbine main shafts. However, significant defects are exposed in actual operation: under the influence of the alternating load of the wind rotor and the flexural deformation of the main shaft, stress concentration is easily generated in the contact area between the rolling elements and the raceways, leading to problems such as fatigue spalling and deterioration of the lubricating medium, causing premature failure of the bearings. According to statistics, about 60% of the rolling bearings of wind turbine main shafts need to be replaced after 8-10 years of operation, which is far less than the designed life cycle of 20 years. In addition, due to the high cost of lifting offshore units, the cost of a single repair can be more than three times that of onshore units.

[0003] To overcome the limitations of rolling bearings, "sliding bearing alternatives" have gradually become a research focus in the industry. Although sliding bearings can reduce maintenance costs by replacing pads in sections, their technological evolution is still subject to the following key bottlenecks:

[0004] 1. Maintenance accessibility contradiction: Traditional bearing replacement requires dismantling the gearbox or disassembling the drive train, resulting in downtime of up to several weeks. The harsh offshore environment further exacerbates the risks of lifting operations. An innovative structure that allows bearing units to be replaced in situ without disassembling the drive system is urgently needed.

[0005] 2. Insufficient dynamic deformation adaptability: When the spindle is subjected to bending deformation caused by the overturning moment, the traditional bearing pads cannot effectively absorb the deformation energy due to the single interface stiffness, causing local oil film rupture and dry friction, leading to damage to the bearing alloy layer and failure;

[0006] 3. Contact stress concentration: The new generation of offshore units places higher demands on bearing life, but traditional bearings are difficult to meet the low-wear operation requirements due to low speed and heavy load. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses key technical bottlenecks in existing wind turbine main shaft sliding bearings, such as maintenance accessibility and dynamic deformation adaptability, by proposing a main shaft sliding bearing structure based on a trapezoidal staggered interface and a modular, block-based design. This structure achieves performance breakthroughs through the following innovative solutions:

[0008] 1. Block-type modular bearing unit: The bearing body is divided into several independently load-bearing multi-pad units, which supports in-situ replacement of single pads without disassembling the drive chain or rotor, reducing the time and cost of offshore unit maintenance operations.

[0009] 2. Trapezoidal cross-section elastic unit design: Multiple trapezoidal cross-section elastic units with circumferential gradient distribution are fixed on the contact surface between the pad and the housing. The elastic deformation of the trapezoidal cross-section structure is used to become a "mechanical flexible hinge" that adaptively compensates for the bending deformation and axial movement of the main shaft, thereby increasing the self-aligning angle of the bearing and suppressing the contact stress peak.

[0010] 3. Stepped variable-section oil groove: A stepped oil film is formed between the elastic units, forming a dynamic pressure oil film gradient that matches the load distribution;

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] 1. Install a trapezoidal cross-section elastic unit on the main shaft sliding bearing, use the elastic deformation of the trapezoidal unit to absorb the bending deformation of the main shaft and improve the self-aligning angle.

[0013] 2. Under the dynamic bending condition of the main shaft, the elastic deformation of the trapezoidal interface improves the uniformity of contact pressure distribution and extends the theoretical life of the bearing.

[0014] 3. The main shaft sliding bearing unit can be disassembled and replaced independently, which reduces the cost of single maintenance and eliminates the need to lift the rotor.

[0015] 4. The optimized bearing axial dimensions are compressed compared to traditional sliding bearings, supporting the unit power density to break through the technical threshold of high megawatts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a global cross-sectional view of the wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing system;

[0017] Figure 2 This is the expanded diagram of the wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to make the advantages and features of the present invention more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention includes the following parts:

[0020] Figure 1This is a global cross-sectional view of a wind turbine segmented elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing system. The wind turbine segmented elastic trapezoidal corrugated main shaft sliding bearing system primarily comprises a nested, assembled main shaft housing 1 and main shaft 2. Housing 1 is flanged to a rear end cover 3 and a front end cover 4, respectively. Sealing rings are embedded within the covers to prevent leakage of the lubricating medium. A main bearing 5 is installed within the annular space between main shaft 2 and housing 1. This main bearing consists of six independent segmented pads 8 evenly distributed along the circumference. Each pad 8 is equipped with a main shaft-side trapezoidal elastic structure 6 on its surface to enhance its elastic deformation capability. A housing-side trapezoidal elastic structure 7 is also installed on the contact surface between housing 1 and main bearing 5. A spacer 9 is positioned in the center of the tapered main bearing 5. Any pad can be removed individually without disassembling main shaft 2.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an expanded view of the wind turbine segmented elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure. The six segmented pads of the main bearing 5 are arranged at 60° intervals along the circumference. Three rows of main shaft-side trapezoidal elastic structures 6 are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the inner surface of each pad. The main shaft-side trapezoidal elastic structures 6 are fixed to the pads by bolts 10. These structures are staggered with the protrusions of the casing-side trapezoidal elastic structures 7, forming a stepped oil film cavity between them. Lubricant is injected into the cavity to form a dynamic lubrication barrier.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing. Figure 3 The three-dimensional structural diagram reveals the spatial interlocking relationship between the elastic structures on the main shaft side and the housing side: the protrusions of the trapezoidal elastic structure 6 on the main shaft side and the protrusions of the elastic structure 7 on the housing side are staggered, forming a labyrinthine lubrication channel, which effectively prolongs the retention time of the lubricating oil.

[0023] The wind power segmented elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure can achieve efficient adaptive adjustment of the dynamic eccentric load and vibration of the main shaft through the synergistic effect of segmented trapezoidal elasticity and conical support, effectively reduce local stress concentration and friction and wear, improve operational stability and reliability under extreme loads, variable speeds and complex environments, extend bearing service life, reduce wind turbine operation and maintenance costs, and has good promotion and application value.

[0024] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of independent tiles constitute a detachable structure, and the overall bearing is conical. A plurality of trapezoidal elastic structures are distributed on each tile, forming a trapezoidal staggered shape with the trapezoidal elastic structure at the contact end of the shell.

2. A wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main sliding bearing has a plurality of trapezoidal elastic units distributed along the circumferential direction on its outer surface.

3. The wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main sliding bearing has a conical structure.

4. The wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the end of the housing that contacts the sliding bearing is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal elastic units distributed along the circumferential direction.

5. The wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic unit has a trapezoidal cross-section with a flat top and a bottom that smoothly transitions to the bearing base.

6. The wind power block elastic trapezoidal main shaft sliding bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tiles of the elastic unit are fixed by bolts.

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