Magnesium-based metal solid hydrogen storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage and transportation, in particular to a magnesium-based metal solid hydrogen storage device. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the magnesium-based metal solid hydrogen storage device which is high in mass hydrogen storage density, large in hydrogen storage capacity, high in heat exchange efficiency and good in safety is provided. The hydrogen storage device comprises a tank body and a hydrogen supply pipe, wherein one end of the hydrogen supply pipe is inserted into the tank body, a hole is formed in the pipe wall, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe extends out of the tank body; a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the tank body, the vertical parts of all the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are uniformly distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, the central points of the horizontal parts are located on the axis of the tank body, and two ports of each U-shaped heat exchange tube extend out of the tank body; the U-shaped heat exchange tube is used for adjusting the temperature in the tank body; a plurality of layers of heat exchange fin groups are distributed in the tank body along the axis direction; magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy is filled in the tank body to serve as a solid hydrogen storage material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid-state hydrogen storage and transportation, and in particular to a magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is clean, efficient, and green. It is an important carrier for energy users to achieve a green and low-carbon transformation. It is an important means for my country to achieve the strategic goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality". Hydrogen storage and transportation, as a bridge connecting the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen consumption end, is a key link in realizing the large-scale application of hydrogen energy. my country has a large gap with the international advanced level in the field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation. Hydrogen storage and transportation technology is becoming a "bottleneck" and obstacle to the large-scale application of hydrogen energy. Reversible hydrogen storage technology based on metal alloys has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, good safety, and abundant resources. It is an ideal medium for realizing large-scale and low-cost storage and transportation of hydrogen energy. According to the different materials, it can be divided into vanadium, magnesium, rare earth and titanium-iron hydrogen storage alloys. my country has abundant and low-priced magnesium metal resources. Moreover, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys (theoretical hydrogen storage density 7.6wt%) have a higher mass hydrogen storage density than rare earth and titanium-iron alloys, making them one of the better materials for hydrogen storage and transportation.

[0003] Magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys have a high hydrogen storage density, but their hydrogen absorption and desorption temperatures are high and their energy consumption is high. In addition, the heat and mass transfer during the absorption and desorption process of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys are uneven, which causes the temperature of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy to increase or decrease sharply during the absorption and desorption process, affecting the absorption and desorption rate of hydrogen. Moreover, the volume of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys expands by up to 30% during the hydrogenation process. The absorption and desorption process in the hydrogen storage container will impose great stress on the container wall, and also has high requirements for the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the storage tank. In addition, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy will cause metal powder accumulation after multiple cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption. The metal powder will reduce the purity of the hydrogen, affecting the engineering application of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy solid-state hydrogen storage technology.

[0004] Therefore, current hydrogen storage technologies have yet to effectively meet the stringent requirements for high hydrogen storage capacity, simplified structure, heat exchange efficiency, and safety. Therefore, in-depth research on the material properties, thermal management mechanisms, and cyclic stability of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys is urgently needed to promote their feasibility and safety in engineering applications, ultimately realizing efficient and safe hydrogen energy storage solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a magnesium-based metal solid hydrogen storage device with high mass hydrogen storage density, large hydrogen storage capacity, high heat exchange efficiency and good safety.

[0006] The hydrogen storage device comprises: a tank body and a hydrogen supply pipe with one end inserted into the tank body and a hole in the pipe wall, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe extends out of the tank body;

[0007] A plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged inside the tank body, with the vertical portions of all the U-shaped heat exchange tubes evenly spaced along the circumference, the center points of the horizontal portions are located on the axis of the tank body, and the two ends of each U-shaped heat exchange tube extend out of the tank body; the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are used to regulate the temperature inside the tank body;

[0008] Several layers of heat exchange fin groups are arranged in the tank body along the axial direction;

[0009] The tank body is filled with a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy as a solid hydrogen storage material.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall or outer wall of the hydrogen supply tube is provided with a metal wire mesh.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen supply pipe includes a first hydrogen supply pipe and a second hydrogen supply pipe coaxially connected;

[0012] The second hydrogen supply pipe is located in the tank body, one end of the first hydrogen supply pipe is connected to the second hydrogen supply pipe, and the other end extends out of the tank body.

[0013] Preferably, a metal mesh is provided at the butt end of the first hydrogen supply pipe and the second hydrogen supply pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchange fin group consists of a plurality of radial fins, a supporting outer ring rib and a supporting inner ring rib;

[0015] The outer supporting ring rib and the inner supporting ring rib are thin-walled annular structures, and the outer supporting ring rib and the inner supporting ring rib are coaxially arranged with the tank body;

[0016] The radial ribs are sheet-shaped and vertically arranged;

[0017] The supporting inner ring rib is connected to a plurality of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes;

[0018] The radial fins include a first radial fin on the inner side and a second radial fin on the outer side; one end of the first radial fin is connected to the hydrogen supply pipe, and the other end is connected to the U-shaped heat exchange tube;

[0019] One end of the second radial fin is connected to the side wall of the U-shaped heat exchange tube, and the other end is connected to the supporting outer ring rib.

[0020] Preferably, the top of the tank body is provided with an end cover, and the hydrogen supply pipe extends from the end cover;

[0021] The end cap has a threaded structure. Before loading, the end cap is detachably connected to the filling port of the tank body through the threaded structure. After loading is completed, the end cap is welded to the tank body.

[0022] The hydrogen supply pipe extends from the center of the end cover and is welded to the end cover.

[0023] Preferably, one port of each U-shaped heat exchange tube is connected to the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil of the heat exchange inlet, and the other port is connected to the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil of the heat exchange outlet;

[0024] The heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil and the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil are both semicircular pipes and are arranged symmetrically around the axis of the tank body;

[0025] The heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil is connected to the heat exchange inlet main elbow, and the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil is connected to the heat exchange outlet main elbow;

[0026] One end of the heat exchange inlet main elbow is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe flange, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil.

[0027] One end of the heat exchange outlet main elbow is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe connecting flange, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil.

[0028] Preferably, a temperature measuring blind tube is further provided on the top of the tank body for installing a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the tank body.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention has a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes, the vertical portions of which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the tank body, and the center points of the horizontal portions are located on the axis of the tank body. This design can not only ensure that the heat exchange area in the tank body is maximized, but also uniformly change the temperature in the tank body, which is conducive to the storage and release reactions with the hydrogen storage solid material; at the same time, several layers of heat exchange fin groups are evenly spaced along the axial direction inside the tank body, further improving the heat exchange efficiency and the storage and release speed of the tank body.

[0031] (2) The U-shaped heat exchange tube of the present invention is provided with a heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil and a heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil at the two ends respectively, so as to evenly distribute the heat transfer oil flowing in and out of the heat exchange inlet and the heat exchange outlet, increase the turbulence of the heat transfer oil in each U-shaped heat exchange tube, reduce the thickness of the boundary layer, reduce the thermal resistance, and improve the heat exchange efficiency (the boundary layer is understood as the heat transfer oil flowing in the pipeline in layers. The closer to the tube wall, the slower the flow speed, and the closer to the center, the faster the flow speed. This is a steady-state flow. In this case, the heat transfer between different layers is mainly heat conduction, and the heat transfer efficiency is low, that is, the thermal resistance is relatively high. After the U-shaped heat dissipation tube is adopted in the present invention, the flow direction of the heat transfer oil will change, and it will change from steady-state flow to turbulent flow. The heat transfer efficiency of turbulent flow is higher than that of steady-state flow. Therefore, the U-shaped heat dissipation tube reduces the thickness of the boundary layer and reduces the thermal resistance).

[0032] (3) The hydrogen supply tube of the present invention includes a first hydrogen supply tube and a second hydrogen supply tube. Since the first hydrogen supply tube is provided with a wire mesh on its wall and bottom holes, the wire mesh on the wall of the second hydrogen supply tube further filters the pulverized powder, thereby improving the purity of the released hydrogen. Furthermore, by increasing the number of openings in the first and / or second hydrogen supply tubes, the flow rate of hydrogen can be increased during the storage and release process, thereby improving the storage and release efficiency.

[0033] (4) The radial fins, supporting outer ring ribs and supporting inner ring ribs of the present invention are all flat, and their surfaces are arranged vertically. Compared with the horizontal arrangement, on the one hand, it is easier to fill the solid hydrogen storage material, and on the other hand, the filling amount of the solid hydrogen storage material is increased, thereby further improving the storage and release capacity of hydrogen.

[0034] (5) The heat exchange fin group of the present invention includes radial fins, supporting outer ring ribs and supporting inner ring ribs. The heat exchange fin group has the characteristic of diverging to the surroundings from the axis of the tank body, that is, each layer of heat exchange fin group is evenly distributed along the axis in the tank body. The radial fins include first radial fins and second radial fins; one end of the first radial fin is connected to the second hydrogen supply pipe, the other end of the first radial fin is connected to the U-shaped heat exchange pipe, one end of the second radial fin is connected to the side wall of the U-shaped heat exchange pipe, and the other end of the second radial fin is connected to the supporting outer ring rib. The extension line of the connection line of the first radial fin and the second radial fin passes through the second hydrogen supply pipe, and cooperates with several layers of heat exchange fin groups to be evenly arranged along the axis of the tank body, further increasing the heat exchange efficiency in the tank body and improving the hydrogen storage and release speed.

[0035] (6) The heat exchange fin group of the present invention includes supporting outer ring ribs and supporting inner ring ribs, both of which are flat ring structures, and several groups of heat exchange fin groups are evenly arranged on the axis of the tank body, which is equivalent to adding two more layers of protective barriers inside the tank body. During the storage and release of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank body, the stress exerted by the solid hydrogen storage material on the inner wall of the tank body is weakened, avoiding brittle fracture of the tank body under the influence of stress, thereby ensuring the reliability and safety of the tank body.

[0036] (7) A temperature measuring blind tube is provided on the top of the tank body of the present invention for installing a thermocouple, so as to facilitate monitoring of the temperature changes inside the tank body, adjust the temperature of the heat transfer oil, and realize the regulation and control of the hydrogen storage and release process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a left side cross-sectional view of a magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of a magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen supply tube structure of the magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0041] Among them, 1-tank body, 2-hydrogen supply pipe, 21-first hydrogen supply pipe, 22-second hydrogen supply pipe, 3-U-shaped heat exchange tube, 4-heat exchange inlet, 41-heat exchange inlet pipe flange, 42-heat exchange inlet main elbow, 43-heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil, 5-heat exchange outlet, 51-heat exchange outlet pipe flange, 52-heat exchange outlet main elbow, 53-heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil, 6-heat exchange fin group, 61-radial fin, 611-first radial fin, 612-second radial fin, 62-support outer ring rib, 63-support inner ring rib, 7-temperature measurement blind pipe, 8-end cover, 9-magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are fully described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by other ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device includes: a tank body 1 and a hydrogen supply tube 2 with one end inserted into the interior of the tank body 1 and a hole in the tube wall, and the other end of the hydrogen supply tube 2 extends from the tank body 1; the tank body 1 is a stainless steel cylindrical shape and is used to fill solid-state hydrogen storage material.

[0044] Several U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 are arranged inside the tank body 1, that is, the several U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 are evenly spaced along the circumference with the axis of the tank body 1 as the center (the vertical portions of all U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 are evenly spaced along the circumference, and the center points of the horizontal portions are located on the axis of the tank body 1), wherein the two ends of each U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 extend out of the tank body 1 through a through hole opened in the front head portion of the tank body 1. The through holes correspond one-to-one to the ends of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3, and each U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 is welded to the tank body 1. Heat transfer oil flows inside the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3, serving as a heat exchange medium to provide conditions for the storage and release of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage material.

[0045] Several layers of heat exchange fin groups 6 are arranged in the tank body 1 , and the several layers of heat exchange fin groups 6 are evenly spaced along the axis direction of the tank body 1 .

[0046] The tank body 1 is filled with a solid hydrogen storage material, which is a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9. The magnesium-based metal solid hydrogen storage device achieves the purpose of storing and releasing hydrogen through the solid hydrogen storage material.

[0047] As an example, the tank body 1 is made of S31603 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 8 to 10 mm. The diameter of the tank body 1 is 50 cm and the length is 3 meters.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, regarding the hydrogen supply pipe 2; one end inserted into the tank body 1 is blocked, and the other end (i.e., the end extending out of the tank body 1) is open; the hydrogen supply pipe 2 is located in the center of the tank body 1. The hydrogen supply pipe 2 includes a first hydrogen supply pipe 21 and a second hydrogen supply pipe 22 that are coaxially connected. A number of holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential and axial directions on the tube walls of the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 and the second hydrogen supply pipe 22, which are used to allow hydrogen to flow into or out of the tank body 1. Among them, the length of the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 is slightly smaller than the length of the tank body 1, and it passes through the hydrogen storage bed in the hydrogen storage tank body 1, that is, the area where hydrogen is stored in combination with the solid hydrogen storage material, to facilitate rapid overflow and diffusion of hydrogen. When filling the solid hydrogen storage material, the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 is not withdrawn from the tank body 1. One end of the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 inserted into the tank body 1 is blocked, and the other end is open. Both ends of the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 are open, one end is connected to the open end of the second hydrogen supply pipe 22, and the other end extends out of the tank body 1.

[0049] As an example, the hydrogen supply pipe 2 is a stainless steel pipe.

[0050] As an example, four holes are uniformly provided along the circumference of the walls of the first hydrogen supply tube 21 and the second hydrogen supply tube 22. Increasing the number of holes in the first hydrogen supply tube 21 and / or the second hydrogen supply tube 22 can increase the flow rate of hydrogen during the storage and release process, thereby improving the storage and release efficiency.

[0051] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the first hydrogen supply tube 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the open end of the second hydrogen supply tube 22, facilitating the connection between the first and second hydrogen supply tubes 21, 22. A wire mesh is provided on the walls of the first and second hydrogen supply tubes 21, 22, and several holes in the walls of the first and second hydrogen supply tubes 21, 22 are wrapped with the wire mesh. A wire mesh is also provided at the bottom hole of the first hydrogen supply tube 21 (i.e., the end that connects to the second hydrogen supply tube 22). During the hydrogen degassing process, the wire mesh prevents the powder of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 from overflowing from the tank body 1, further improving the purity of the degassing hydrogen.

[0052] As an example, a filter layer pressed by a metal mesh may be installed on the inner wall surface of the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 and the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 , which can also achieve the effect of filtering metal powder and improving the purity of hydrogen.

[0053] As an example, the diameter of the circular hole on the side wall of the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 is 6 mm.

[0054] Furthermore, an end cover 8 is provided on the top of the tank body 1. Before loading, the end cover 8 is detachably connected to the filling port of the tank body 1, such as using a threaded structure to connect the end cover 8 and the filling port. The first hydrogen supply pipe 21 extends from the center of the end cover 8, and the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 is welded to the end cover 8. When it is necessary to load solid hydrogen storage material into the tank body 1, the end cover 8 is unscrewed and the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 is pulled out of the tank body 1. After the filling operation is completed, the first hydrogen supply pipe 21 is inserted into the second hydrogen supply pipe 22. During the pressure test, the end cover 8 and the filling port are sealed using threads and sealing rings; and the end cover 8 is completely welded to the tank body 1 to improve the sealing effect. In addition, compared with the traditional method of using flange-reinforced end cover 8, this solution has the characteristics of taking up little space and being convenient for welding operations.

[0055] A heat exchange inlet 4 and a heat exchange outlet 5 are also provided on the top of the tank body 1; the heat exchange inlet 4 includes: a heat exchange inlet pipe connecting flange 41, a heat exchange inlet main elbow 42 and a heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil 43; one end of the heat exchange inlet main elbow 42 is connected to the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil 43, and the other end is provided with a heat exchange inlet pipe connecting flange 41; the heat exchange outlet 5 includes: a heat outlet pipe connecting flange 51, a heat exchange outlet main elbow 52 and a heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil 53; one end of the heat exchange outlet main elbow 52 is connected to the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil 53, and the other end is provided with a heat outlet pipe connecting flange 51.

[0056] Regarding the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3; one port of each of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 is connected to the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil 43 of the heat exchange inlet 4, and the other port is connected to the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil 53 of the heat exchange outlet 5; the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil 43 and the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil 53 are both semicircular pipelines, and are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the tank body 1 along the axis of the tank body 1. The inlet and outlet flow distribution coils are used to distribute and converge the flow of the heat transfer oil, that is, to ensure that the heat transfer oil flowing to each U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 is evenly distributed, and the heat transfer oil flowing out of each U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 is quickly converged, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0057] The U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 are arranged in a concentric circle manner inside the tank body 1, which can ensure a large heat exchange area inside the tank body 1. As an example, there are 7 U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3 made of 316L stainless steel.

[0058] In addition to the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3, the heat exchange structure of the magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device also includes a heat exchange fin group 6. The heat exchange fin group 6 consists of a plurality of radial fins 61, a supporting outer ring rib 62, and a supporting inner ring rib 63; the supporting outer ring rib 62 and the supporting inner ring rib 63 are thin-walled annular structures, and the supporting outer ring rib 62 and the supporting inner ring rib 63 are coaxially arranged with the tank body 1; the radial fins 61 are sheet-shaped, and the radial fins 61 are vertically arranged (that is, the surface of the radial fin 61 is parallel to the axis of the tank body 1, that is, one edge of the radial fin 61 is along the radial direction of the tank body 1, and the other edge is along the axial direction of the tank body 1). The plurality of radial fins 61 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction with the hydrogen supply tube 2 as the center, and the supporting inner ring rib 63 is connected to the plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes 3.

[0059] The radial fins 61 include an inner first radial fin 611 and an outer second radial fin 612 ; one end of the first radial fin 611 is connected to the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 , so that the second hydrogen supply pipe 22 is fixed inside the tank body 1 through the radial fins 61 .

[0060] The other end of the first radial fin 611 is connected to the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3, and one end of the second radial fin 612 is connected to the side wall of the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3, and the other end is connected to the supporting outer ring rib 62. The extension line of the connecting line of the first radial fin 611 and the second radial fin 612 passes through the second hydrogen supply pipe 22.

[0061] As an example, the first radial fins 611 and the second radial fins 612 and the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 , as well as the supporting inner ring ribs 63 and the U-shaped heat exchange tube 3 are welded with different materials.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange fin groups are arranged radially, with several layers of heat exchange fin groups evenly arranged along the axis of the tank body 1, further improving the heat exchange efficiency and hydrogen storage and release rates within the tank body 1. In addition, the supporting outer ring ribs 62, the supporting inner ring ribs 63, and the radial fins 61 evenly distribute the solid hydrogen storage material within the tank body 1, preventing uneven accumulation of the solid hydrogen storage material within the tank body 1, which could cause increased expansion stress and even deformation of the tank body 1.

[0063] The magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 will expand in volume during the first hydrogen charging process, and its large expansion stress will damage the tank body 1. The expansion of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 can be constrained to a smaller scale by supporting the outer ring rib 62 and the inner ring rib 63. That is, the supporting outer ring rib 62 and the supporting inner ring rib 63 are equivalent to adding two layers of protective barriers inside the tank body 1. During the process of storing and releasing hydrogen in the tank body 1, the stress exerted by the solid hydrogen storage material on the inner wall of the tank body 1 is weakened, thereby avoiding brittle fracture of the tank body 1 under the influence of stress, and ensuring the reliability and safety of the tank body 1.

[0064] As an example, the heat exchange fin group 6 is made of copper.

[0065] As an example, a temperature-measuring blind tube 7 is welded to the front end of the tank body 1 for inserting a thermocouple, such as a multi-point thermocouple. Conventional thermocouples measure temperature at the end and can only measure the temperature at a single location. However, the multi-point thermocouples of this solution are configured with multiple temperature-measuring points along the sidewall along the length. This allows for temperature measurements at different heights within the hydrogen storage tank body 1, and allows for the thermal oil temperature to be adjusted based on temperature changes, enabling regulation and control of the hydrogen storage and discharge processes.

[0066] As an example, a lifting ring is welded on the front head portion of the tank body 1 for installation and transportation of the tank body 1.

[0067] Working principle:

[0068] Loading the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9: Use a crane to place the tank body 1 vertically on a vibrating filling table and unscrew the end cover 8; use a hopper to slowly inject magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 particles, first inject 30% of the total filling volume, adjust the position of the tank body 1, turn on the vibration table and vibrate for 2 minutes; turn off the vibration table, fix the tank body 1, continue to load 20%, vibrate for 3 minutes, and turn off the vibration table; continue to fill to 80% of the total volume of the tank body 1, turn on the vibration table and vibrate for 5 minutes, and turn off the vibration table; install the end cover 8 of the filling port, weld the filling port and the end cover 8, check the airtightness, and complete the filling of the solid-state hydrogen storage material.

[0069] Activate the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9: Use helium to check the airtightness of the tank 1. Evacuate the tank 1 to 100 Pa. Heat the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 in the tank 1 with 250°C thermal oil to 200°C. Open the hydrogen valve and maintain the hydrogen pressure at 3 MPa. Record the hydrogen flow rate. After the tank 1 begins to absorb hydrogen and reaches saturation, release hydrogen at 300°C. Repeat the hydrogen storage and release process 3-5 times to complete the activation of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9.

[0070] Experimental results demonstrate that the magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device is simple to operate, has a large hydrogen storage capacity, and is highly safe. After 1,500 cycles of hydrogen storage and desorption, the storage and desorption capacity and rate remained unchanged. The activated magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 can be used as a high-purity hydrogen source in various applications.

[0071] Regarding magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9, its main component is magnesium hydride, with cerium and nickel accounting for 0.1%-0.5% and 0.3%-0.8%, respectively. Magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy 9 is formed into a tablet form to facilitate filling and ensure hydrogen flow through the porous structure formed by the tablet.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a tank body (1) and a hydrogen supply pipe (2) with one end inserted into the interior of the tank body (1) and a hole in the pipe wall, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe (2) extends out from the tank body (1); A plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes (3) are arranged inside the tank body (1), the vertical portions of all the U-shaped heat exchange tubes (3) are evenly spaced along the circumference, the center points of the horizontal portions are located on the axis of the tank body (1), and both ends of each U-shaped heat exchange tube (3) extend out of the tank body (1); the U-shaped heat exchange tubes (3) are used to adjust the temperature inside the tank body (1); Several layers of heat exchange fin groups (6) are arranged in the tank body (1) along the axial direction; The tank body (1) is filled with a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy (9) as a solid hydrogen storage material.

2. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall or outer wall of the hydrogen supply pipe (2) is provided with a metal wire mesh.

3. The magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply pipe (2) comprises a first hydrogen supply pipe (21) and a second hydrogen supply pipe (22) that are coaxially connected; The second hydrogen supply pipe (22) is located inside the tank body (1); one end of the first hydrogen supply pipe (21) is connected to the second hydrogen supply pipe (22), and the other end extends out of the tank body (1).

4. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The butt ends of the first hydrogen supply pipe (21) and the second hydrogen supply pipe (22) are provided with a metal wire mesh.

5. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange fin group (6) is composed of a plurality of radial fins (61), a supporting outer ring rib (62) and a supporting inner ring rib (63); The supporting outer ring rib (62) and the supporting inner ring rib (63) are thin-walled annular structures, and the supporting outer ring rib (62) and the supporting inner ring rib (63) are coaxially arranged with the tank body (1); The radial ribs (61) are sheet-shaped and are vertically arranged; The supporting inner ring rib (63) is connected to a plurality of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes (3); The radial fins (61) include a first radial fin (611) on the inner side and a second radial fin (612) on the outer side; one end of the first radial fin (611) is connected to the hydrogen supply pipe (2), and the other end is connected to the U-shaped heat exchange pipe (3); One end of the second radial fin (612) is connected to the side wall of the U-shaped heat exchange tube (3), and the other end is connected to the supporting outer ring rib (62).

6. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top of the tank body (1) is provided with an end cover (8), and the hydrogen supply pipe (2) extends from the end cover (8); The end cover (8) has a threaded structure. Before loading, the end cover (8) is detachably connected to the filling port of the tank body (1) through the threaded structure. After loading is completed, the end cover (8) is welded to the tank body (1). The hydrogen supply pipe (2) extends from the center of the end cover (8) and is welded to the end cover (8).

7. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: One port of each of the U-shaped heat exchange tubes (3) is in communication with the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil (43) of the heat exchange inlet (4), and the other port is in communication with the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil (53) of the heat exchange outlet (5); The heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil (43) and the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil (53) are both semicircular pipes and are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the tank body (1); The heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil (43) is connected to the heat exchange inlet main elbow (42), and the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil (53) is connected to the heat exchange outlet main elbow (52); One end of the heat exchange inlet main elbow (42) is connected to the heat exchange inlet pipe flange (41), and the other end is connected to the heat exchange inlet flow distribution coil (43). One end of the heat exchange outlet main elbow (52) is connected to the heat exchange outlet pipe flange (51), and the other end is connected to the heat exchange outlet flow distribution coil (53).

8. A magnesium-based metal solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top of the tank body (1) is also provided with a temperature measuring blind tube (7) for installing a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the tank body (1).

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