Hydrogen storage and transportation system under wind-solar hydrogen production project and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen storage and transportation system under a wind-solar hydrogen production project and a control method. The hydrogen storage and transportation system at least comprises a hydrogen flowing pipeline and a water flowing pipeline, the hydrogen flowing pipeline at least comprises a first compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a third compressor and a second heat exchanger which are connected in sequence; the first compressor is further sequentially connected with a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, an eighth valve connected with the pressure reducing valve in parallel and a third compressor; the second compressor, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected with the pressure reducing valve through a ninth valve connected with the third compressor in parallel; the first compressor pressure is smaller than the third compressor pressure and smaller than the second compressor pressure; the water flow pipeline at least comprises a first heat exchanger, a first water pump and a second water pump which are sequentially arranged in the water flow direction. The second water pump is in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the compressor. The multi-aspect requirements of stable output, efficient storage, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage and transportation, and in particular to a hydrogen storage and transportation system and a control method for a wind-solar hydrogen production project. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy, integrated wind and solar power generation projects have become an important direction for the development of the hydrogen energy industry. In such projects, the transportation and storage of hydrogen are key links.

[0003] At present, hydrogen storage containers with the same pressure level are usually arranged in series, and reasonable control is carried out according to the hydrogen production and hydrogen consumption. In one series model, all hydrogen storage containers always play a storage and transportation role and are in contact with pressurized hydrogen. When the hydrogen production is greater than the hydrogen consumption, the excess hydrogen cannot be effectively stored. When the hydrogen production is insufficient, hydrogen needs to be frequently released from the hydrogen storage container to meet the demand of the hydrogen user, causing fatigue of the hydrogen storage container and affecting the life of the hydrogen storage container. In another series model, after the hydrogen storage containers are connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the pipeline, which directly connects the hydrogen production workshop and the external hydrogen delivery pipeline. When the hydrogen produced just meets the hydrogen demand, the hydrogen storage container is not started and is directly transported through the pipeline. When the hydrogen produced is higher than the hydrogen consumption, the excess hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage container. When the hydrogen is insufficient, the hydrogen is released through the hydrogen storage container to meet the demand. However, the direct pipeline transportation mode makes it difficult to achieve stable pressure output to the hydrogen user end, and due to the unstable hydrogen production state of wind and solar power, the hydrogen storage container will frequently be filled and discharged, causing fatigue of the hydrogen storage container and affecting the life of the hydrogen storage container. Furthermore, the energy efficiency and safety of the compressor and high-pressure hydrogen release process need to be improved. Existing hydrogen storage and transportation systems are unable to stably output hydrogen, cannot efficiently utilize hydrogen storage facilities, cannot meet diverse hydrogen demand, and have low safety and energy efficiency.

[0004] To address the above issues, no effective solutions have been proposed so far. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this specification provide a hydrogen storage and transmission system and control method for a wind-solar hydrogen production project to solve the problems of the existing technology that cannot stably output hydrogen, cannot efficiently utilize hydrogen storage facilities, cannot meet different hydrogen needs, and has low safety and energy utilization efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of this specification provide a hydrogen storage and transportation system for a wind-solar hydrogen production project, which at least includes: a hydrogen flow pipeline and a water flow pipeline;

[0007] The hydrogen flow pipeline includes at least a first compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a third compressor, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence; the first compressor is also connected in sequence to a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, an eighth valve, and a third compressor; the second compressor, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure reducing valve via a ninth valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the outlet end of the third compressor; the eighth valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing valve; the ninth valve is connected in parallel to the third compressor; the pressure of the first compressor is lower than that of the third compressor, and the pressure of the third compressor is lower than that of the second compressor;

[0008] The water flow pipeline includes at least a first heat exchanger, a first water pump, and a second water pump arranged in sequence along the water flow direction; the second water pump is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling water pipelines corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the low-pressure hydrogen storage container includes one or more, and the multiple low-pressure hydrogen storage containers include at least a first low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a second low-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a third low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a first valve is also provided between the first compressor and the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a second valve is also provided between the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a third valve is also provided between the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container; and a fourth valve is also provided between the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the third compressor.

[0010] In some embodiments, a tube bundle truck charging device is further connected between the second compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; a sixth valve is further provided between the second compressor and the tube bundle truck charging device; and a seventh valve is further provided between the tube bundle truck charging device and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

[0011] In some embodiments, an insulated water tank is further connected between the first water pump and the second water pump; a tenth valve is further provided between the first heat exchanger and the insulated water tank; and an eleventh valve is further provided between the insulated water tank and the second heat exchanger.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure reducing valve is connected in parallel with a twelfth valve; the twelfth valve is connected to the fifth valve via a second heat exchanger.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first compressor is connected to the hydrogen production end, and the third compressor is connected to the hydrogen consumption end through a fifth valve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is greater than the pressure of each low-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is also greater than the pressure of the second compressor.

[0015] In some embodiments, it further includes: a control system, which is communicatively connected to various components in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the water flow pipeline, and is also communicatively connected to the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen use end.

[0016] The present invention also provides a control method based on the above hydrogen storage and transportation system, the method comprising:

[0017] The control system detects the supply signal of the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand signal of the hydrogen consumption end, and controls the opening and closing of the corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline, the start and stop of the corresponding compressor, and the start and stop of the corresponding water pump according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal;

[0018] When the corresponding compressor is started, the control system is used to detect the cooling water temperature of the corresponding compressor. When the cooling water temperature reaches a preset temperature, the first water pump in the water flow pipeline is controlled to start, and the running cooling water is used to cool the started compressor. The first heat exchanger is used to realize partial heat exchange to heat the water stored in the thermal insulation water tank.

[0019] After the control system detects that the pressure reducing valve starts to work, the second water pump is started, and the second heat exchanger is used to heat the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve.

[0020] In some embodiments, controlling the opening and closing of corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the start and stop of corresponding compressors according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal includes:

[0021] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve are opened, and the first compressor and the third compressor are started;

[0022] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production and the hydrogen demand signal is no hydrogen, the fifth valve is closed, the twelfth valve and the ninth valve are opened, and the third compressor is started; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the third compressor, the third compressor is closed, the sixth valve and the seventh valve are opened, and the second compressor is started; when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the second compressor is closed;

[0023] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production but the supply amount is reduced, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve are opened;

[0024] When the control system detects that the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container cannot meet the hydrogen pressure of the pipeline, the ninth valve is closed, the eighth valve is opened, and the third compressor is started for compression; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the design lower limit, the eighth valve is closed and the fourteenth valve is opened. When the control system detects that there is no hydrogen at the hydrogen supply end within a preset time, the first compressor and the third compressor are closed, and the fourteenth valve is closed.

[0025] The embodiment of this specification provides a hydrogen storage and transportation system for a wind-solar hydrogen production project, which may include at least: a hydrogen flow pipeline and a water flow pipeline; the hydrogen flow pipeline may include at least a first compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a third compressor, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence; the first compressor may also be connected in sequence to a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, an eighth valve, and a third compressor; the second compressor, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure reducing valve via a ninth valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the outlet of the third compressor; the eighth valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing valve; the ninth valve is connected in parallel to the third compressor; the pressure of the first compressor is lower than that of the third compressor, and the pressure of the third compressor is lower than that of the second compressor; the water flow pipeline may include at least a first heat exchanger, a first water pump, and a second water pump arranged in sequence along the water flow direction; the second water pump is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling water pipelines corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor. In the embodiment of this specification, by setting the first compressor to be connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the lower-pressure hydrogen coming out of the hydrogen production end can be compressed into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. By setting a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the stability of the output hydrogen pressure can be guaranteed. By setting a third compressor after the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the pressure of the third compressor is higher than that of the first compressor, the released hydrogen can be pressurized and compressed to the hydrogen-using end. By setting a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and connecting it in parallel with the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, when the hydrogen production or output is much greater than the hydrogen consumption, the excess output hydrogen can be stored, and released when the hydrogen production is insufficient, to avoid frequent charging and discharging of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, causing container fatigue and affecting the life of the hydrogen storage container. By setting a first compressor connected to a second compressor, the pressure of the second compressor is greater than the pressure of the first compressor, multi-stage compression can be achieved, and the excess hydrogen can be compressed and stored in a high-pressure hydrogen storage container, so that the hydrogen storage facilities can be efficiently used for storage, avoiding the waste of excess hydrogen, or the problem of waste of hydrogen storage capacity space when hydrogen production is insufficient. By setting a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a ninth valve and connecting a pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure hydrogen can be reduced to the pipeline hydrogen transmission pressure. By setting a pressure reducing valve to connect the outlet end of the third compressor, the eighth valve is connected in parallel with the pressure reducing valve, and the ninth valve is connected in parallel with the third compressor, it is convenient to compress the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container to the hydrogen use end through the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve or through the eighth valve and the third compressor according to the pressure conditions in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, or to compress the hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container through the compressor and the eighth valve according to the hydrogen production and hydrogen use conditions. The first heat exchanger is set on the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor, which can accelerate the cooling of the compressor cooling water, thereby achieving the cooling of the compressor and ensuring that the compressor reaches the best working state. By setting the second water pump to be in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger, heat exchange can be achieved with the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve, and when the high-pressure hydrogen absorbs heat during output, the pipeline is protected from being frozen.

[0026] The embodiment of this specification also provides a control method, which is based on the above-mentioned hydrogen storage and transportation system. The method may include: using a control system to detect the supply signal of the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand signal of the hydrogen consumption end, and controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the start and stop of the corresponding compressor, as well as the start and stop of the corresponding water pump according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal; when the corresponding compressor starts, using the control system to detect the cooling water temperature of the corresponding compressor, when the cooling water temperature reaches a preset temperature, controlling the first water pump in the water flow pipeline to start, using the flowing cooling water to cool the started compressor, and realizing partial heat exchange through the first heat exchanger to heat the water stored in the insulated water tank; using the control system to detect that the pressure reducing valve starts to work, starting the second water pump, and using the second heat exchanger to heat the transportation pipeline after the pressure reducing valve. In the embodiment of this specification, by setting up an intelligent control system, adaptive adjustment can be made according to the hydrogen production and use conditions, realizing unmanned and fully automatic operation, improving the intelligence level and operation efficiency of the system, and solving the problem of the lack of intelligent control system in the existing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen storage and transportation system for a wind-solar hydrogen production project provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a control method provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a control logic diagram of hydrogen delivery and storage when a tubeless vehicle is required to be filled, as provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a control logic diagram of hydrogen transportation and storage when there is a demand for charging a tube bundle vehicle provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 01, first valve; 02, second valve; 03, third valve; 04, fourth valve; 05, fifth valve; 06, sixth valve; 07, seventh valve; 08, eighth valve; 09, ninth valve; 010, tenth valve; 011, eleventh valve; 012, twelfth valve; 013, pressure reducing valve; 014, fourteenth valve; 1, first compressor; 2, first low-pressure hydrogen storage container; 3, second low-pressure hydrogen storage container; 4, third low-pressure hydrogen storage container; 5, third compressor; 6, second heat exchanger; 7, second compressor; 8, tube bundle vehicle filling equipment; 9, high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; 10, first heat exchanger; 11, first water pump; 12, insulated water tank; 13, second water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To help those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this specification without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0034] As mentioned above, the transportation and storage of hydrogen (which can be referred to as hydrogen storage and transportation) is a key link in the wind-solar integrated hydrogen production project (which can be referred to as the wind-solar hydrogen production project). However, the existing technology still has some shortcomings in achieving stable hydrogen output, efficient use of hydrogen storage facilities, and meeting different hydrogen needs. For example, under normal hydrogen production and use conditions, it is difficult to achieve stable pressure output to the hydrogen-using end by directly transporting it through a pipeline; due to the unstable hydrogen production state of wind and solar power, when the hydrogen production is much greater than the hydrogen consumption and is stored, the hydrogen storage container will be frequently charged and discharged, causing fatigue of the hydrogen storage container and affecting the life of the hydrogen storage container; in addition, the energy utilization efficiency and safety of the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen release process also need to be improved. That is, the existing technology has at least the following problems:

[0035] 1) Under normal hydrogen production and use conditions, the mode of arranging hydrogen storage containers in series and connecting them to a direct pipeline makes it difficult to achieve stable pressure output to the hydrogen use end and cannot meet the demand for stable hydrogen supply at the hydrogen use end; due to frequent charging and discharging of hydrogen storage containers, the pressure frequently switches between high pressure and normal pressure, which easily causes container fatigue and shortens the life of the hydrogen storage containers.

[0036] 2) When the amount of hydrogen produced is much greater than the amount of hydrogen used, only hydrogen storage containers are connected in series, and the hydrogen storage facilities cannot be used efficiently for storage, resulting in waste of excess hydrogen, or waste of hydrogen storage capacity space when hydrogen production is insufficient.

[0037] 3) The energy utilization efficiency of the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen release process is low. For systems where high-pressure storage requires pressure reducing valve adjustment, this may cause the pipeline to freeze at low temperatures, posing certain safety hazards.

[0038] 4) Existing technologies lack an intelligent control system and are unable to perform adaptive adjustments based on hydrogen production and usage, making it difficult to achieve unmanned and fully automated operation.

[0039] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of this specification provides a hydrogen storage and transportation system under a wind-solar hydrogen production project, which may at least include: a hydrogen flow pipeline and a water flow pipeline; the hydrogen flow pipeline may at least include a first compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a third compressor, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence; the first compressor is also connected in sequence to a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, an eighth valve, and a third compressor; the second compressor, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure reducing valve through a ninth valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the outlet end of the third compressor; the eighth valve is connected in parallel with the pressure reducing valve; the ninth valve is connected in parallel with the third compressor; the pressure of the first compressor is less than that of the third compressor, and the pressure of the third compressor is less than that of the second compressor; the water flow pipeline includes at least a first heat exchanger, a first water pump, and a second water pump arranged in sequence along the water flow direction; the second water pump is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling water pipelines corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor.

[0040] The embodiments of this specification also provide a control method, which is based on the above-mentioned hydrogen storage and transportation system. The method may include: using a control system to detect the supply signal of the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand signal of the hydrogen use end, and controlling the opening and closing of corresponding valves and the start and stop of corresponding compressors, as well as the start and stop of corresponding water pumps in the hydrogen flow pipeline according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal; when the corresponding compressor is started, using the control system to detect the cooling water temperature of the corresponding compressor, and when the cooling water temperature reaches a preset temperature, controlling the first water pump in the water flow pipeline to start, using the flowing cooling water to cool the started compressor, and realizing partial heat exchange through the first heat exchanger to heat the water stored in the insulated water tank; after using the control system to detect that the pressure reducing valve starts to work, starting the second water pump, and using the second heat exchanger to heat the transportation pipeline after the pressure reducing valve.

[0041] The above-mentioned hydrogen storage and transportation system and control method can at least solve the following problems: 1) By setting a first compressor (lower pressure compressor) in series with a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a stable pressure output to the hydrogen-using end can be achieved, meeting the demand for stable hydrogen supply at the hydrogen-using end, and solving the problem in the prior art that a stable pressure output to the hydrogen-using end cannot be achieved; 2) By setting a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a low-pressure hydrogen storage container in parallel, when the amount of hydrogen produced or produced is much greater than the amount of hydrogen used, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank can be efficiently used for storage, avoiding waste of excess hydrogen, and at the same time avoiding the problem of container fatigue caused by frequent charging and discharging of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. It is also possible to achieve maintenance of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container or maintenance of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container without affecting the hydrogen supply. The invention provides a novel method for the maintenance of the compressor, thereby solving the problem that the existing technology cannot efficiently utilize the hydrogen storage facilities for storage; 3) by arranging the first heat exchanger on the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor, and arranging the second water pump to be in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger, the energy utilization efficiency of the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen release process can be improved, and safe operation can be ensured, solving the problems of low energy utilization efficiency and poor safety in the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen release process in the existing technology; 4) by setting an intelligent control system, adaptive adjustment can be made according to the hydrogen production and hydrogen use conditions, realizing unmanned and fully automatic operation, improving the intelligence level and operation efficiency of the system, and solving the problem that the existing technology lacks an intelligent control system.

[0042] See Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of this specification provides a hydrogen storage and transportation system for a wind-solar hydrogen production project, which may at least include: a hydrogen flow pipeline and a water flow pipeline;

[0043] The hydrogen flow pipeline may include at least a first compressor 1, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as 2, 3, 4), a third compressor 5, and a second heat exchanger 6 connected in sequence; the first compressor 1 is also connected in sequence to a second compressor 7, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9, an eighth valve 08, and the third compressor 5; the second compressor 7, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as 2, 3, 4) are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is connected to a pressure reducing valve 013 through a ninth valve 09; the pressure reducing valve 013 is connected to the outlet end of the third compressor 5; the eighth valve 08 is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing valve 013; the ninth valve 09 is connected in parallel to the third compressor 5; the pressure of the first compressor 1 is less than the pressure of the third compressor 5, and the pressure of the third compressor 5 is less than the pressure of the second compressor 7;

[0044] The water flow pipeline includes at least a first heat exchanger 10, a first water pump 11, and a second water pump 13 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction; the second water pump 13 is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger 6; the first heat exchanger 10 is arranged on the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, by setting a first compressor 1 to connect to a low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2), the lower-pressure hydrogen coming out of the hydrogen production end can be compressed into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. By setting a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the stability of the output hydrogen pressure can be guaranteed. By setting a third compressor 5 after the low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4), the pressure of the third compressor 5 is higher than that of the first compressor 1, and the released hydrogen can be pressurized to compress the hydrogen to the hydrogen-using end. By setting a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 and connecting it in parallel with the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, when the amount of hydrogen produced or produced is much greater than the amount of hydrogen used, excess hydrogen can be stored, and released when the amount of hydrogen produced is insufficient, to avoid frequent charging and discharging of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, causing container fatigue and affecting the life of the hydrogen storage container. By setting the first compressor 1 to be connected to the second compressor 7, the pressure of the second compressor 7 is greater than the pressure of the first compressor 1, and multi-stage compression can be achieved, and the excess hydrogen is compressed and stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9, so that the hydrogen storage facilities can be efficiently used for storage, avoiding the waste of excess hydrogen, or the problem of waste of hydrogen storage capacity space when hydrogen production is insufficient. By setting the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 and the ninth valve 09 and connecting to the pressure reducing valve 013, the high-pressure hydrogen can be reduced to the pipeline hydrogen transmission pressure. By setting the pressure reducing valve 013 to be connected to the outlet end of the third compressor 5, the eighth valve 08 is connected in parallel with the pressure reducing valve 013, and the ninth valve 09 is connected in parallel with the third compressor 5, it is convenient to compress the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9 to the hydrogen use end through the ninth valve 09 and the pressure reducing valve 013 or through the eighth valve 08 and the third compressor 5 according to the pressure situation in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9, or according to the hydrogen production and hydrogen use situation, the hydrogen is compressed to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9 through the compressor 3 and the eighth valve 08, etc.

[0046] By setting the first heat exchanger 10 on the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5 (the cooling water pipeline is also part of the water flow pipeline, and the compressor cooling water can be transported to the first heat exchanger 10), the cooling of the cooling water of the compressors (such as 1, 7, 5) can be accelerated, thereby achieving the cooling of the compressors, ensuring that the compressors reach the optimal working state, and further achieving the temperature of the water in the thermal insulation water tank 12 at a higher state. By setting the second water pump 11 to be fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger 6, and connecting the pressure reducing valve 013 to the outlet end of the third compressor 5, that is, connecting the pressure reducing valve 013 in front of the second heat exchanger 6, heat exchange can be achieved with the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve 013, and when absorbing heat during the output of high-pressure hydrogen, the pipeline is protected from being frozen.

[0047] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned low-pressure hydrogen storage container may include one or more, and the multiple low-pressure hydrogen storage containers may include at least a first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2, a second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, and a third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4; a first valve 01 is also provided between the first compressor 1 and the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2; a second valve 02 is also provided between the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 and the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3; a third valve 03 is also provided between the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 and the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4; and a fourth valve 04 is also provided between the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4 and the third compressor 5.

[0048] By setting corresponding valves before and after the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2, the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, and the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4, isolation, maintenance, and safety control can be facilitated. By connecting multiple low-pressure hydrogen storage containers in series, low-pressure hydrogen can be stored, wherein the low-pressure hydrogen storage containers at both ends of the series path can play the role of hydrogen storage and pressure buffering to ensure the stability of the output hydrogen pressure. When the first valve 01, the second valve 02, and the third valve 03 are opened, the lower-pressure hydrogen coming out of the electrolysis water hydrogen production plant (i.e., the above-mentioned hydrogen production end) can be compressed to the pressure that the low-pressure storage container can accommodate hydrogen through the lower-pressure first compressor 1, and the lower-pressure hydrogen can be compressed to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container or low-pressure hydrogen storage tank, so that all low-pressure hydrogen storage containers are in a relatively stable pressure state.

[0049] In some embodiments, a tube bundle vehicle filling device 8 is further connected between the second compressor 7 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9; a sixth valve 06 is further provided between the second compressor 7 and the tube bundle vehicle filling device 8; and a seventh valve 07 is further provided between the tube bundle vehicle filling device 8 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9.

[0050] Specifically, the high-pressure second compressor 7 can be connected in series with the lower-pressure first compressor 1, and then in series with the tube bundle vehicle filling equipment 8 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. The first compressor 1 and the second compressor 7 can perform multi-stage compression of hydrogen, compressing the excess hydrogen to a higher pressure and storing it in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9. Among them, a high-pressure tube bundle vehicle filling interface can be set in the tube bundle vehicle filling equipment 8, and a tube bundle vehicle filling position is reserved. This interface is placed between the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 09 and the high-pressure second compressor 7, forming a series connection, providing filling services when there is a need to transport hydrogen externally, and expanding the transportation and utilization range of hydrogen. This solves the problem that the existing technology cannot meet the demand for filling high-pressure hydrogen when using high-pressure tube bundle vehicles to transport hydrogen externally, which limits the external transportation and high-value utilization of hydrogen.

[0051] In some embodiments, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is connected to a pressure reducing valve 013 via a ninth valve 09. Pressure reducing valve 013 is connected to the outlet of the third compressor 5 and to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 6 via a fifth valve 05. Pressure reducing valve 013 can reduce the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 to the pipeline hydrogen transmission pressure. Pressure reducing valve 013 can also be referred to as a thirteenth valve.

[0052] In some embodiments, an insulated water tank 12 is also connected between the first water pump 11 and the second water pump 13; a tenth valve 010 is also provided between the first heat exchanger 10 and the insulated water tank 12; and an eleventh valve 011 is also provided between the insulated water tank 12 and the second heat exchanger 6.

[0053] Specifically, the above-mentioned insulated water tank 12 is provided with a water supply port, which can store the hot water after the cooling water exchange of the compressors (such as the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5), and transport heat when the high-pressure hydrogen is released. When there is no high-pressure hydrogen transport, the water can circulate on its own to assist in water cooling and keep a portion of hot water in the water tank. The above-mentioned first water pump 11 can maintain the water circulation of the insulated water tank 12, and the above-mentioned second water pump 13 can realize the water circulation between the insulated water tank 12 and the second heat exchanger 6. When the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is released through the pressure reducing valve 013 after pressure reduction, a portion of heat is provided to the pipe or pipeline after the pressure reducing valve to prevent the pipe from being frozen and damaged.

[0054] In some embodiments, the pressure reducing valve 013 is connected in parallel with the twelfth valve 012 ; the twelfth valve 012 is connected to the fifth valve 05 via the second heat exchanger 6 .

[0055] Specifically, when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is greater than the hydrogen pressure at the hydrogen end, the ninth valve 09, the pressure reducing valve 013, and the fifth valve 05 can be opened, and the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced to the hydrogen end through the ninth valve 09, the pressure reducing valve 013, and the fifth valve 05. If the high pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is reduced to the upper limit of the pressure range of the hydrogen end (at this time, hydrogen can just enter the hydrogen end), the pressure reducing valve 013 can be closed, the twelfth valve 012 and the fifth valve 05 can be opened, and hydrogen is delivered to the hydrogen end through the ninth valve 09, the twelfth valve 012, and the fifth valve 05. If the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is reduced to less than the lower limit of the pressure range of the hydrogen end (i.e., the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container cannot meet the pipeline hydrogen pressure, and hydrogen cannot enter the hydrogen end at this time), the eighth valve 08 and the third compressor 5 can be opened, and hydrogen is delivered to the hydrogen end through the eighth valve 08, the third compressor 5, and the fifth valve 05. In this way, it is possible to ensure that hydrogen is output at a stable pressure.

[0056] Depending on the hydrogen production and use conditions, the fifth valve 05 can be closed, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 can be reversely filled with hydrogen through the third compressor 5, the twelfth valve 012, and the ninth valve 09 to avoid wasting excess hydrogen.

[0057] The second heat exchanger 6 is located between the twelfth valve 012 and the fifth valve 05, and can absorb and replenish heat, and can also prevent the pipeline from freezing and the impact of hot and cold shock on the front and rear valves.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first compressor 1 is connected to the hydrogen production end, and the third compressor is connected to the hydrogen consumption end through a fifth valve.

[0059] Specifically, the hydrogen production end can be located upstream of the hydrogen flow pipeline. The hydrogen production end, such as a hydrogen production plant, is suitable for wind and solar power generation, and then electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen consumption end can be located downstream of the hydrogen flow pipeline. The hydrogen consumption end, such as a hydrogen production plant, is suitable for downstream large-scale hydrogen consumption scenarios such as synthetic ammonia and methanol. The first compressor 1 can compress the hydrogen produced or produced by the hydrogen production end into the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. The third compressor 5 can pressurize or compress the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the transmission pipeline pressure, and output it through the second heat exchanger 6.

[0060] In some embodiments, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is greater than the pressure of each low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as 2, 3, and 4), and the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is also greater than the pressure of the second compressor 7.

[0061] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage and transportation system may further include: a control system, which is communicatively connected to various components in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the water flow pipeline, and is also communicatively connected to the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen use end.

[0062] Specifically, the front end of the control system can detect the output pressure and flow of hydrogen from the hydrogen production plant (hydrogen production end), and the back end can receive the hydrogen consumption and hydrogen pressure signals fed back from the hydrogen consumption plant (hydrogen consumption end). The middle part is connected to each compressor, the filling interface of the tube bundle vehicle filling equipment, each water pump, and each valve. At the same time, it can detect the pressure of low-pressure and high-pressure hydrogen storage containers, the filling pressure, the temperature of key parts of the pipeline such as the rear end of the pressure reducing valve, and the water temperature in the insulated water tank. It can make preliminary autonomous judgments based on the normal production and use of hydrogen, and provide time period recommendations for filling. It can start and stop different compressors according to hydrogen production, container pressure, hydrogen consumption, etc., and automatically adjust the water circulation and corresponding valves according to the hydrogen situation in the hydrogen storage container. When a detection signal is input, the autonomous judgment suggestion is stopped and the task is executed according to the detection signal. The control system realizes remote control detection to meet the needs of unmanned operation and safe production.

[0063] In some embodiments, the maintenance isolation of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container (such as 2, 3, and 4) can be achieved by closing the first valve 01 and the fourth valve 04, and the normal supply of hydrogen can be achieved by opening the sixth valve 06, the seventh valve 07, the ninth valve 09, the twelfth valve 012 and the second compressor 7; the maintenance isolation of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 can be achieved by closing the sixth valve 06, the seventh valve 07, the ninth valve 09, etc., and the normal supply of hydrogen can be achieved by opening the first valve 01, the second valve 02, the third valve 03, and the fourth valve 04.

[0064] In some embodiments, hydrogen from a hydrogen production plant is fed into a hydrogen flow pipeline, which is connected in series in the following order: a first compressor 1, a first valve 01, a first low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 2, a second valve 02, a second low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 3, a third valve 03, a third low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 4, a fourth valve 04, a third compressor 5, a fifth valve 05, and a second heat exchanger 6, and ultimately outputs the hydrogen through a gas storage tank. The first compressor 1 is also connected in series with a second compressor 7, which is then connected to a sixth valve 06, a tube bundle vehicle charging device 8, a seventh valve 07, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. The second compressor 7, the sixth valve 06, the tube bundle vehicle charging device 8, the seventh valve 07, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 are connected in parallel with the first valve 01, the first low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 2, the second valve 02, the second low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 3, the third valve 03, and the third low-pressure hydrogen storage vessel 4. The ninth valve 09 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 can be connected in series to the third compressor 5 through the valve 08. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 can be connected in series to the pressure reducing valve 013 through the ninth valve 09. The pressure reducing valve 013 is connected in parallel with the eighth valve 08 and the twelfth valve 012. The ninth valve 09 is connected in parallel with the third compressor 5. The twelfth valve 012 is connected to the fifth valve 05 and then to the second heat exchanger 6.

[0065] The compressor cooling water inlet flows through the water flow pipe to the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5 respectively, and then merges and flows into the first heat exchanger 10 (that is, the cooling water pipeline corresponding to the compressor), and flows out of the first heat exchanger 10 into the cooling water circulation pipeline.

[0066] The heated water in the first heat exchanger 10 passes through the first water pump 11 and the insulated water tank 12 with a water supply port in sequence, and is stored in the insulated water tank 12 with a water supply port. After the pressure reducing valve 013 is activated, the warm water in the insulated water tank 12 with a water supply port passes through the second water pump 13, undergoes heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 6, and then flows back from the second heat exchanger 6 through the eleventh valve 011, ultimately returning to the insulated water tank 12 with a water supply port.

[0067] It should be noted that the outlet pressure of the second compressor 7 is greater than the predetermined pressure value of the tube bundle vehicle filling device 8. The number of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container is not limited to Figure 1As shown in the figure, it can be expanded in series or parallel according to the scale of hydrogen storage.

[0068] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage and transportation system may further include a fourteenth valve 014, which is connected in parallel with the first compressor 1 and the third compressor 5 and is disposed on a pipeline in front of the first compressor 1, behind the third compressor 5, and in front of the fifth valve 05. This allows for internal system circulation without shutting down the compressors within the designed time (preset time) when no hydrogen is input, thereby increasing compressor life and system safety redundancy (this valve may be omitted depending on system economics, or if compressor idling is not a concern).

[0069] See Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of this specification also provides a control method, based on the above hydrogen storage and transportation system, the method may include:

[0070] S201: Using a control system to detect a supply signal from a hydrogen production end and a hydrogen demand signal from a hydrogen consumption end, and controlling the opening and closing of corresponding valves in a hydrogen flow pipeline, the start and stop of corresponding compressors, and the start and stop of corresponding water pumps according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal;

[0071] S202: When the corresponding compressor is started, the control system detects the cooling water temperature of the corresponding compressor. When the cooling water temperature reaches a preset temperature, the first water pump in the water flow pipeline is controlled to start, and the running cooling water is used to cool the started compressor. The running cooling water is partially exchanged with the first heat exchanger to heat the water stored in the insulated water tank.

[0072] S203: After the control system detects that the pressure reducing valve starts to work, the second water pump is started, and the second heat exchanger is used to heat the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve.

[0073] Specifically, the control system can be used to detect the supply signal at the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand signal at the hydrogen consumption end. According to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal, the opening and closing of the corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the start and stop of the corresponding compressor can be controlled, thereby improving the intelligence level and operation efficiency of the hydrogen storage and transportation system.

[0074] After the compressor starts, the control system can be used to detect the compressor's cooling water temperature. Once the water temperature reaches a preset temperature, the corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline are controlled to open and close, and the corresponding compressor is started and stopped, to cool the compressor and ensure that the compressor can reach optimal operating conditions. For example, when the first compressor 1 starts and begins to generate heat, the first water pump 11 can be activated to use the flowing cooling water to cool the started first compressor 1. The first heat exchanger also achieves partial heat exchange to heat the water stored in the insulated water tank 12.

[0075] The control system can also detect that after the pressure reducing valve 013 starts working, since the pressure reducing valve 013 absorbs heat after starting working, it may cause the pipeline to freeze and ice, and may also have an adverse effect on the front and rear valves. At this time, the second water pump 13 can be started to transport the hot water in the insulated water tank 12 to the second heat exchanger 6 through the second water pump 12 for heat exchange, protecting the pipeline from freezing and protecting the front and rear valves from temperature changes.

[0076] By rationally arranging hydrogen storage containers, compressors, heat exchangers and other equipment, and adopting intelligent control systems, adaptive adjustment of hydrogen production and use can be achieved, thereby meeting multiple needs such as stable output, efficient storage, flexible filling, energy saving and environmental protection, and economy.

[0077] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned control of the opening and closing of corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the start and stop of corresponding compressors according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal may include:

[0078] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve are opened, and the first compressor and the third compressor are started;

[0079] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production and the hydrogen demand signal is no hydrogen, the fifth valve is closed, the twelfth valve and the ninth valve are opened, and the third compressor is started; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the third compressor, the third compressor is closed, the sixth valve and the seventh valve are opened, and the second compressor is started; when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the second compressor is closed;

[0080] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production but the supply amount is reduced, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve are opened;

[0081] When the control system detects that the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container cannot meet the hydrogen pressure of the pipeline, the ninth valve is closed, the eighth valve is opened, and the third compressor is started for compression; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the design lower limit, the eighth valve is closed and the fourteenth valve is opened. When the control system detects that there is no hydrogen at the hydrogen supply end within a preset time, the first compressor and the third compressor are closed, and the fourteenth valve is closed.

[0082] Specifically, when the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the hydrogen transportation path is: hydrogen production end → first compressor 1 → first valve 01 → first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 → second valve 02 → second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 → third valve 03 → third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4 → fourth valve 04 → third compressor 5 → transportation pipeline to output hydrogen.

[0083] When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production, and the hydrogen demand signal is that hydrogen is not needed, the excess hydrogen needs to be stored. The hydrogen storage path is: the third compressor 5 → the twelfth valve 12 → the ninth valve 09 → the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. After the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 reaches the range of the third compressor 5, the second compressor 7 fills the remaining space in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. That is, the hydrogen storage path is: the second compressor 7 → the sixth valve 06 → the seventh valve 07 → the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. After it is full, a signal indicating that hydrogen production is not needed can be fed back to the hydrogen-using end.

[0084] When the control system detects that the supply signal indicates hydrogen production but the supply volume is decreasing, and the hydrogen demand signal indicates hydrogen consumption or continuous hydrogen consumption, the excess hydrogen needs to be supplied. The hydrogen delivery path is: high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 → ninth valve 09 → pressure reducing valve 013 → output. Since heat is absorbed during the pressure reduction process, the second water pump 13 needs to be turned on to allow the hot water in the insulation box 12 to enter the second heat exchanger 6 to heat the delivery pipeline to prevent the pipeline from freezing.

[0085] When the control system detects that the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container cannot meet the hydrogen pressure in the pipeline, the ninth valve 09 is closed and the eighth valve 08 is opened. The hydrogen delivery path is: high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9 → eighth valve 08 → third compressor 5 → output. At this time, there is no need to pass through the pressure reducing valve 013.

[0086] When the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the lower limit of the pressure design of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, the eighth valve 08 is closed and the fourteenth valve 014 is opened. When the control system detects that there is no hydrogen at the hydrogen supply end within a preset time, the first compressor 1 and the third compressor 7 are turned off, and the fourteenth valve 014 is closed. This can avoid the problem of frequent starting and stopping of the compressor, which affects the life of the compressor.

[0087] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned related processing embodiments, and no further description is given here.

[0088] The above describes the present invention. However, it is worth noting that this specific embodiment is only intended to better illustrate the present application and to describe specific embodiments of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0089] In a specific implementation scenario, the above control method can be applied to illustrate the control logic of hydrogen transportation and storage when there is no tube bundle vehicle charging demand and when there is a tube bundle vehicle charging demand:

[0090] 1) The control logic of hydrogen transportation and storage when there is no need for tube-bundle vehicle charging is as follows:

[0091] See Figure 1 and see Figure 3As shown, when the control system detects that hydrogen gas of a stable pressure meeting the requirements is being input from the hydrogen production end, it can start the first compressor 1, open valves 01, 02, 03, and 04 (specifically, open the first valve 01, the second valve 02, the third valve 03, and the fourth valve 04), keep the second compressor 7 and the third compressor 5 closed, keep the water pumps (specifically, the first water pump 11 and the second water pump 13) closed, keep valves 06, 08, 09, 012, and 014 (specifically, the sixth valve 06, the eighth valve 08, the ninth valve 09, the twelfth valve 012, and the fourteenth valve 014) closed, and keep the tube bundle vehicle charging station (specifically, the charging station on the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8) in an uncharged state. By opening the valves before and after the first compressor 1 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage containers (such as 2, 3, and 4), multiple low-pressure hydrogen storage containers can be filled with hydrogen and maintained in a relatively stable pressure state. Afterwards, the control system can detect whether the temperature of the cooling water of the compressor (specifically, the first compressor 1) has reached a preset temperature, such as 30°C. If the signal detection result is that the temperature of the cooling water of the compressor has reached 30°C, the first water pump 11 can be started to cool the first compressor 1 that generates heat after startup, so that the first compressor 1 remains in the best working condition. Afterwards, when the control system detects that the temperature of the cooling water of the compressor is consistent with the water temperature of the insulation water tank 12, the first water pump 11 can be turned off. At this time, there is no need to cool the first compressor 1, and the hot water generated after cooling is stored in the insulation water tank 12. Afterwards, when the control system detects that the internal hydrogen pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container has reached the design pressure of the hydrogen storage container and the water level of the compressor cooling water is consistent with the water temperature of the insulation tank, hydrogen can be output to the outside, that is, valve 05 (specifically, the fifth valve 05) can be opened to start the third compressor 5, keep the second compressor 7 in a closed state, and keep valves 06, 08, and 09 in a closed state. The third compressor 5 can compress or pressurize the hydrogen stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the pressure required by the delivery pipeline or pipeline (such as the pipeline after the third compressor 5), thereby achieving a stable pressure output of hydrogen. Finally, the hydrogen is consumed by the hydrogen user (such as a hydrogen plant). The above constitutes the process from hydrogen production at the hydrogen production end to hydrogen consumption at the hydrogen user end.

[0092] However, due to the fact that the hydrogen supply demand at the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand at the hydrogen consumption end may change continuously during the entire production process, such as normal hydrogen supply, excessive hydrogen supply, insufficient or no hydrogen supply, constant hydrogen demand, change from useful hydrogen demand to no hydrogen demand, gradual decrease in hydrogen demand, etc. Therefore, the control system can be used to detect the supply signal of the hydrogen production end (i.e., the supply signal on the supply side) and the demand signal of the hydrogen consumption end (i.e., the hydrogen demand signal). If the hydrogen demand signal at the hydrogen consumption end is required, that is, the hydrogen consumption end needs hydrogen or continues to use hydrogen, then hydrogen is transported according to the above process: hydrogen production end → first compressor 1 → first valve 01 → first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 → second valve 02 → second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 → third valve 03 → third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4 → fourth valve 04 → third compressor 5 → hydrogen delivery pipeline output. If the hydrogen consumption end does not need hydrogen, valve 05 can be closed and valves 09 and 012 can be opened to ensure that hydrogen can flow back to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank or high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9. The control system is then used to detect the hydrogen pressure inside the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. If the pressure reaches the design value of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container, the entire hydrogen flow pipeline is in a stable pressure state. At this time, valve 07 (specifically, the seventh valve 07) can be closed, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is directly pressurized through the third compressor 5, the twelfth valve 012, and the ninth valve 09, that is, the hydrogen is compressed into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. Afterwards, the control system is used to detect the hydrogen pressure inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. If the hydrogen pressure inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 reaches the maximum pressure output by the third compressor 5, that is, reaches the range of the third compressor 5, and the third compressor 5 can no longer continue to operate, the third compressor 5 is shut down, and the relevant valves 01, 09, and 012 are all closed. Then the second compressor 7 and the corresponding valves 06 and 07 are started, and the hydrogen is compressed into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 through the second compressor 7, the sixth valve 06, and the seventh valve 07, filling the remaining space in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. Afterwards, the control system is used to detect the hydrogen pressure inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. If the hydrogen pressure inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 reaches the design pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9, it means that the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is full. At this time, valves 06 and 07 can be closed, and the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 7 can be turned off, and hydrogen filling will no longer continue.

[0093] In addition, when the control system detects that the hydrogen demand signal at the hydrogen user end is in demand and the hydrogen supply side signal indicates that the supply is increasing, that is, excess hydrogen is generated, and at this time, the excess hydrogen needs to be stored. That is, valves 06 and 07 can be opened, the second compressor 7 can be turned on, and the excess hydrogen is compressed and stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 through the second compressor 7, the sixth valve 06, and the seventh valve 07. When the control system detects that the hydrogen inside the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 reaches the design pressure value of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 or the detection signal shows that the hydrogen pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage container is lower than the input end request pressure, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 can no longer store hydrogen, and valve 06 is closed, and the second compressor 7 is turned off.

[0094] When the system is full of hydrogen, if the control system does not receive a signal, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 will store hydrogen normally. If the control system receives a hydrogen demand signal indicating a need, and the hydrogen input decreases and is a non-fluctuating decrease (a non-fluctuating decrease means the amount of reduction can be manually set), there is a trend of supply interruption. At this time, it is necessary to supply the excess hydrogen, that is, valve 09 can be opened to control the flow rate and pressure of the pressure reducing valve to meet the downstream pipeline delivery pressure and hydrogen volume. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is reduced through valve 09 and pressure reducing valve 013 to the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve, that is, the delivery pipeline after the third compressor 5. At the same time, the second water pump 13 is turned on. Since the decompression process requires heat absorption, the pipeline and the front and rear valves may be frozen. By turning on the second water pump 13, the hot water in the insulated water tank 12 is transported to the second heat exchanger for heat exchange, achieving heat balance and preventing the pipeline and the front and rear valves from being frozen.

[0095] When the control system detects a hydrogen demand signal from the hydrogen-consuming end and the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the pressure required by the delivery end (i.e., the hydrogen production end), that is, the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank gradually decreases during the hydrogen discharge process, valve 08 can be opened, valve 09 can be closed, and the second water pump 13 can be turned off. In other words, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank delivers hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming end through the eighth valve 08 and the third compressor 5, without passing through the pressure reducing valve 013. Delivering hydrogen through the third compressor 3 ensures a stable pressure output of hydrogen and maintains a continuous and stable hydrogen source for use downstream.

[0096] If the control system detects a decrease in hydrogen supply, the hydrogen demand signal at the hydrogen user is either "needed" or "not needed," the hydrogen pressure in all hydrogen storage containers is equal to 0.3 MPa (or the design value), and the hydrogen pressure in all hydrogen storage containers is equal to or slightly greater than atmospheric pressure, and there is essentially no hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, valves 05 and 08 are closed, valve 014 is opened, and the second water pump 2 is turned off. If the control system detects that there is still no hydrogen input within 1 hour, the first compressor 1 and the third compressor 5 are turned off, and the fourteenth valve 014 is closed to avoid frequent starts and stops of the compressors, which may shorten their lifespan.

[0097] When the control system detects hydrogen input again, it restarts the logic of hydrogen end → first compressor 1 → first valve 01 → first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 → second valve 02 → second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 → third valve 03 → third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4 → fourth valve 04 → third compressor 5 → transmission pipeline to output hydrogen.

[0098] It should be noted that when the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5 are started, the first water pump 11 can be started, and the cooling water pipelines corresponding to the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and the third compressor 5 transport the compressor cooling water to the first heat exchanger 10. The first heat exchanger 10 accelerates the cooling of the compressor cooling water and stores the generated hot water in the insulated water tank 12.

[0099] In summary, if the control system detects that there is a (continuous) hydrogen production or hydrogen supply signal at the hydrogen production end, and a (continuous) hydrogen consumption signal at the hydrogen consumption end, the hydrogen transportation path is: hydrogen production end → first compressor 1 → first valve 01 → first low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 → second valve 02 → second low-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 → third valve 03 → third low-pressure hydrogen storage container 4 → fourth valve 04 → third compressor 5 → transportation pipeline to output hydrogen;

[0100] If the control system detects that there is a continuous hydrogen production or hydrogen supply signal at the hydrogen production end, and there is no hydrogen use signal at the hydrogen consumption end, the hydrogen storage path is: the third compressor 5 → the twelfth valve 12 → the ninth valve 09 → the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. After the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 reaches the range of the third compressor 5, the second compressor 7 fills the remaining space in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9, that is, the hydrogen storage path is: the second compressor 7 → the sixth valve 06 → the seventh valve 07 → the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. After it is full, a signal indicating that no hydrogen production is needed can be fed back to the hydrogen consumption end.

[0101] If the control system detects a continuous hydrogen production or supply signal and the supply amount increases, the hydrogen-using end has a useful hydrogen signal: the excess hydrogen is stored, first compressor 1 → second compressor 7 → sixth valve 06 → seventh valve 07 → high-pressure hydrogen storage container 9;

[0102] If the control system detects a decrease in the hydrogen supply at the hydrogen production end, the hydrogen consumption end will issue a hydrogen-using signal: the excess hydrogen needs to be supplied out. The hydrogen transportation path is: high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 → ninth valve 09 → pressure reducing valve 013 → output; due to heat absorption during the pressure reduction process, the second water pump 13 needs to be turned on to allow the hot water in the insulation box 12 to enter the second heat exchanger 6 to heat the transportation pipeline to prevent the pipeline from freezing.

[0103] During this process, the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 gradually decreases and the pressure gradually drops. If it cannot meet the hydrogen pressure of the downstream transmission pipeline, the ninth valve 09 is closed and the eighth valve 08 is opened. The hydrogen transmission path is: high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 → eighth valve 08 → third compressor 5 → output;

[0104] When the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is almost reduced (reaching the design lower limit), close valves 05 and 08, open valve 014, and turn off the second water pump 13. If there is no hydrogen for 1 hour, turn off the first compressor 1 and the third compressor 5, and close the fourteenth valve 014.

[0105] 2) When there is a need for hydrogen bundling truck charging, the control logic for hydrogen delivery and storage is as follows:

[0106] See Figure 1 and see Figure 4 As shown, for the same control logic, please refer to the previous description and this specification will not elaborate on it here. If the control system detects that the high-pressure tube bundle vehicle is being charged and the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is greater than the hydrogen pressure in the tube bundle vehicle container (or the high-pressure tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8), valve 06 can be closed, valve 07 can be opened, and the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 can be started to charge hydrogen into the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 through the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9. Subsequently, if the control system detects that the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is equal to or less than the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure tube bundle vehicle equipment 8, valve 07 can be closed, the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and valve 06 can be opened, and hydrogen can be charged into the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 through the first compressor 1, the second compressor 7, and valve 06. Subsequently, if the control system detects that the hydrogen input is decreasing and is non-fluctuating, with a trend of supply interruption, and the hydrogen pressure in the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 reaches a predetermined value, the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 can be closed, valve 06 can be closed, and the second compressor 7 can be turned off to complete the charging of the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8.

[0107] In summary, if the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 is full of hydrogen, the hydrogen filling path of the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 is: high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 → seventh valve 07 → tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8; if the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 9 does not have enough hydrogen or the hydrogen pressure is lower than the hydrogen pressure inside the tube bundle vehicle, the hydrogen filling path of the tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8 is: first compressor 1 → second compressor 7 → sixth valve 06 → tube bundle vehicle charging equipment 8.

[0108] Through the above filling logic, the following technical effects can be achieved: 1. Meet the storage and release of hydrogen and achieve stable output of hydrogen. Through the closing and starting of valves and compressors, the effect of minimum power consumption and highest hydrogen storage efficiency can be achieved, and the repeated charging and discharging of hydrogen storage tanks can be minimized to avoid metal fatigue; 2. Utilize thermal management thinking to make full use of hot water energy, ensure heat supply in the heat absorption link, and reduce damage to pipelines; 3. Consider the actual working conditions, set up filling parking spaces for external hydrogen, and fill according to the logic of pressure difference to maintain low energy consumption and high efficiency, thereby expanding the profitability of the project.

[0109] Although this specification provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flow charts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative means. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the device or client product in practice is executed, it can be executed in sequence or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings (for example, a parallel processor or a multi-threaded processing environment, or even a distributed data processing environment). The term "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, product or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, product or device. In the absence of more restrictions, it is not excluded that there are other identical or equivalent elements in the process, method, product or device including the elements. Words such as first and second are used to represent names and do not represent any particular order.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller in pure computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functionality by logically programming the method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, and the like. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered structures within the hardware component. Alternatively, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0111] This specification may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, and the like that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0112] Through the description of the above embodiments, it can be seen that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this specification can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this specification can essentially be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a mobile terminal, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or certain parts of the embodiments of this specification.

[0113] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. References to the common or similar parts of the various embodiments are sufficient. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. This specification can be used in a variety of general-purpose or specialized computer system environments or configurations. For example, personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices.

[0114] Although the present specification has been described with reference to the embodiments, persons skilled in the art will appreciate that there are many variations to the present specification without departing from the spirit of the present specification, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations without departing from the spirit of the present specification.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage and transportation system for a wind-solar hydrogen production project, characterized in that: At least including: a hydrogen flow pipeline and a water flow pipeline; The hydrogen flow pipeline includes at least a first compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a third compressor, and a second heat exchanger connected in sequence; the first compressor is also connected in sequence to a second compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, an eighth valve, and a third compressor; the second compressor, the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container are connected in parallel; the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure reducing valve via a ninth valve; the pressure reducing valve is connected to the outlet end of the third compressor; the eighth valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing valve; the ninth valve is connected in parallel to the third compressor; the pressure of the first compressor is lower than that of the third compressor, and the pressure of the third compressor is lower than that of the second compressor; The water flow pipeline includes at least a first heat exchanger, a first water pump, and a second water pump arranged in sequence along the water flow direction; the second water pump is fluidically connected to the second heat exchanger; the first heat exchanger is arranged on the cooling water pipelines corresponding to the first compressor, the second compressor, and the third compressor.

2. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-pressure hydrogen storage container includes one or more, and the multiple low-pressure hydrogen storage containers include at least a first low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a second low-pressure hydrogen storage container, and a third low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a first valve is also provided between the first compressor and the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a second valve is also provided between the first low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container; a third valve is also provided between the second low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container; and a fourth valve is also provided between the third low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the third compressor.

3. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tube bundle vehicle charging device is also connected between the second compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank; a sixth valve is also provided between the second compressor and the tube bundle vehicle charging device; and a seventh valve is also provided between the tube bundle vehicle charging device and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.

4. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulated water tank is also connected between the first water pump and the second water pump; a tenth valve is also provided between the first heat exchanger and the insulated water tank; and an eleventh valve is also provided between the insulated water tank and the second heat exchanger.

5. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure reducing valve is connected in parallel with the twelfth valve; the twelfth valve is connected to the fifth valve via the second heat exchanger.

6. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first compressor is connected to the hydrogen production end, and the third compressor is connected to the hydrogen consumption end through a fifth valve.

7. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is greater than the pressure of each low-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is also greater than the pressure of the second compressor.

8. The hydrogen storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A control system is communicatively connected with various components in the hydrogen flow pipeline and the water flow pipeline, and is also communicatively connected with the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen use end.

9. A control method, characterized in that: Based on the hydrogen storage and transportation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: The control system detects the supply signal of the hydrogen production end and the hydrogen demand signal of the hydrogen consumption end, and controls the opening and closing of the corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline, the start and stop of the corresponding compressor, and the start and stop of the corresponding water pump according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal; When the corresponding compressor is started, the control system is used to detect the cooling water temperature of the corresponding compressor. When the cooling water temperature reaches a preset temperature, the first water pump in the water flow pipeline is controlled to start, and the running cooling water is used to cool the started compressor. The first heat exchanger is used to realize partial heat exchange to heat the water stored in the thermal insulation water tank. After the control system detects that the pressure reducing valve starts to work, the second water pump is started, and the second heat exchanger is used to heat the delivery pipeline after the pressure reducing valve.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The control of opening and closing of corresponding valves in the hydrogen flow pipeline and starting and stopping of corresponding compressors according to the supply signal and the hydrogen demand signal includes: When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve are opened, and the first compressor and the third compressor are started; When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production or continuous hydrogen production and the hydrogen demand signal is no hydrogen, the fifth valve is closed, the twelfth valve and the ninth valve are opened, and the third compressor is started; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the third compressor, the third compressor is closed, the sixth valve and the seventh valve are opened, and the second compressor is started; when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches the design pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the second compressor is closed; When the control system detects that the supply signal is hydrogen production but the supply amount is reduced, and the hydrogen demand signal is hydrogen use or continuous hydrogen use, the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve are opened; When the control system detects that the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container cannot meet the hydrogen pressure of the pipeline, the ninth valve is closed, the eighth valve is opened, and the third compressor is started for compression; when the control system detects that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the design lower limit, the eighth valve is closed and the fourteenth valve is opened. When the control system detects that there is no hydrogen at the hydrogen supply end within a preset time, the first compressor and the third compressor are closed, and the fourteenth valve is closed.

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