Adaptive regulation heat pipe phase change trombe wall and control method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a self-adaptive regulation heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and a control method thereof. The phase change Trombe wall is provided with a surrounding component, a plurality of gravity heat pipes are inserted into the surrounding component, rotating support devices are arranged at the top and bottom of the surrounding component, the inclination angle of the surrounding component is adjusted through the rotating support devices, and the working fluid reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipes is changed. Through the method, solar radiation heat can be efficiently absorbed in the daytime and quickly transmitted to the phase change heat storage layer through the heat pipes, heat energy storage is realized, and the indoor temperature is quickly raised. A data acquisition unit, a DRL control unit and an execution unit are arranged in the self-adaptive regulation heat pipe phase change Trombe wall and cooperate with each other, the fine regulation and control of the heat flow management ability of the low-energy-consumption heat pipe phase change Trombe wall are realized, and therefore the system can always accurately match the actual demand of the building, and the overall energy efficiency and indoor thermal comfort are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation and intelligent building control, and in particular to an adaptive control method for a heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing demands for building comfort and energy conservation, passive energy-saving technologies are gradually becoming an important way to achieve low-carbon development in the building sector. The Transuber wall, a typical passive heating system, uses a light-transmitting layer and heat-absorbing structure on the exterior walls of buildings to allow solar heat to enter and be stored or transferred indoors, thus achieving a certain energy-saving effect in winter or when heating is needed. However, traditional Transuber walls still have several limitations.

[0003] On the one hand, traditional Transylvanian walls are typically fixed structures, with heat transfer relying primarily on the wall's material properties and natural convection, making them difficult to adjust flexibly for different times or indoor demand scenarios. Even when the indoor temperature reaches a comfortable range or the room is unoccupied, the Transylvanian wall may continue to transfer heat, leading to overheating or waste. Furthermore, when using traditional high-heat-capacity materials as the heat-absorbing wall, the Transylvanian wall has significant thermal inertia, resulting in slow heating and cooling processes, making it difficult to respond quickly to actual indoor needs. While structures using phase change materials (PCMs) as the energy storage medium can increase heat storage capacity, the generally low thermal conductivity of PCMs results in unsatisfactory heat transfer efficiency.

[0004] On the other hand, the heat demand of residential and office buildings often exhibits a distinct intermittent characteristic, with a significant increase in indoor heat demand during specific periods and a marked decrease during other periods. Traditional Trumbo walls, lacking intelligent real-time adjustment capabilities, struggle to efficiently respond to cyclical demand changes. Buildings often rely on fixed strategies or simple temperature control methods to perceive and respond to external climate conditions and indoor demand, and adaptive control technology has not yet been widely applied to achieve more refined and efficient thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to overcome at least one deficiency in the prior art and to provide an adaptively regulated heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall.

[0006] A further objective of this invention is to achieve rapid heating and cooling of an indoor space through the cooperation of multiple gravity heat pipes and a rotating support device.

[0007] Another further objective of this invention is to achieve more refined and efficient thermal management by using adaptive control technology to control the Trumbo wall through a data acquisition unit, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) control unit, and an execution unit.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention provides an adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transitional wall, comprising: an enclosure member disposed on the side of the phase change Transitional wall closer to the interior and configured to be rotatable within a preset tilt angle range; multiple gravity heat pipes, each gravity heat pipe extending upward from its end along the outer side of the enclosure member and then bending into the enclosure member, thereby forming an evaporation section on the outer side of the enclosure member and a condensation section extending into the enclosure member; and a rotating support device disposed at the top and bottom of the enclosure member and configured to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure member according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working fluid reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipes.

[0009] Optionally, multiple gravity heat pipes are arranged in an array; and the condensation section of each gravity heat pipe is configured to extend upward at an angle from the outside to the inside when the enclosure is in a vertical state; the angle of inclination of the enclosure is configured to be from -15° to 15° relative to the vertical direction.

[0010] Optionally, the enclosure components include: a polyurethane insulation outer layer, serving as the outermost layer of the enclosure components; a concrete intermediate layer, disposed inside the polyurethane insulation outer layer; a phase change heat storage inner layer, disposed inside the concrete intermediate layer, wherein the heat storage material of the phase change heat storage inner layer is composed of a mixture of paraffin, undecyl alcohol, and dodecanol, and the phase change temperature of the heat storage material is within the range of 16°C to 20°C; and the adaptive control heat pipe phase change Translucent wall also includes: transparent windows, spaced apart on the outside of the polyurethane insulation outer layer, for transmitting solar radiation.

[0011] Optionally, the rotating support device includes: a slide rail, which consists of two sets, one at the top and one at the bottom, fixed to the walls at the top and bottom of the enclosure component, respectively; a sliding module, which consists of two sets, one at the top and one at the bottom, respectively mounted on the slide rail, for connecting the enclosure component; and a drive motor, connected to the sliding module, for driving the sliding module to move relative to the slide rail.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating support device further includes: a silicone sealing strip disposed between the sliding module and the enclosure component to cover the connection gap between the sliding module and the enclosure component; and the thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip is less than or equal to 0.35 W / (m·K).

[0013] Optionally, the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall also includes: a data acquisition unit for collecting environmental data of the environment in which the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall is located; a DRL control unit for sending tilt adjustment commands to the rotating support device; and an execution unit for receiving the tilt adjustment commands from the DRL control unit and driving the drive motor according to the tilt adjustment commands.

[0014] Optionally, according to another aspect of the present invention, a control method for an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transylvanian wall is also provided for controlling any of the aforementioned adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transylvanian walls. The method includes: acquiring environmental data and constructing a state vector corresponding to the environmental data; fusing the state vector with a historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making; predicting indoor and outdoor environmental change trends and indoor heat demand trends based on the extended state vector; determining the executable action space based on the indoor and outdoor environmental change trends, indoor heat demand trends, and the working state of the enclosure components in the current control cycle; outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure components for the next control cycle through a DRL control unit; and executing the adjustment action to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure components.

[0015] Optionally, after determining the executable action space, the steps may further include: calculating a reward function based on the state changes of the enclosure components and environmental data within the new cycle; and optimizing the adjustment strategy based on the reward function.

[0016] Optionally, the optimization objectives of the reward function include dynamic phase change utilization rate, heat storage delay penalty, and building envelope comfort factor. The dynamic phase change utilization rate is configured as follows: when the DRL control unit determines that there is heating demand in the future cycle, a feedforward evaluation is performed on the control mode of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer to guide tilt angle adjustment; the formula for calculating the dynamic phase change utilization rate is: ;in, The dynamic phase transition utilization rate is given by μ, which is the weighting ratio of instantaneous delay performance. The actual heat storage during the current regulation cycle, The theoretical upper limit of heat storage is given by γ, where γ is the time discount factor and N is the number of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles. The formula for calculating the heat storage delay penalty is as follows: ;in, As a penalty for delayed heat storage, The penalty coefficient is... To predict temperature, This represents the upper limit of the target indoor temperature range. The lower limit of the target indoor temperature range; the formula for calculating the building envelope comfort factor is: ;in, For the comfort factor of the building envelope, This is the difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperature during this control period.

[0017] Optionally, the steps for outputting the adjustment actions of the building envelope components for the next control cycle through the DRL control unit include: obtaining an initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change heat storage inner layer; updating the neural network using real-time sensor data to achieve adaptive adjustment of the strategy when external climate and operating conditions change; calculating the heat transfer of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage and release rates of the phase change heat storage inner layer; calibrating the heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit and adjusting the simulation accuracy of the dynamic heat storage of the building envelope.

[0018] This invention provides an adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transformer wall enclosure component, in which multiple gravity heat pipes are inserted. A rotating support device adjusts the tilt angle of the enclosure component, altering the recirculation efficiency of the working fluid in the gravity heat pipes. This adjustment allows for efficient absorption of solar radiation during the day and rapid transfer of heat pipes to the phase change heat storage layer, achieving thermal energy storage and rapid indoor temperature rise. Simultaneously, without requiring additional heat input, the dynamic change in heat pipe recirculation efficiency adjusts the Transformer wall's operating mode to insulation mode. The heat pipes act as additional thermal resistance, effectively suppressing the impact of indoor-outdoor temperature differences on the building's heat load, improving indoor temperature stability, and reducing energy waste caused by the high thermal inertia of traditional enclosure structures.

[0019] Furthermore, a data acquisition unit, a DRL control unit, and an execution unit are installed within the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall, and these units work together to achieve precise control over the heat flow management capabilities of the low-energy heat pipe phase change Transformer wall. At the end of each control cycle, a reward is calculated based on indoor temperature deviation, phase change material heat utilization rate, and heat fluctuations. The DRL model is then fine-tuned online to continuously optimize the strategy, ensuring that the system always accurately matches the actual needs of the building, thereby improving overall energy efficiency and indoor thermal comfort.

[0020] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the invention in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or portions. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transbranburg wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an enclosure member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt state of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt state of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary support device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for adaptively regulating the phase change Transbryne wall of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the process of adjusting the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage of the building envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a continuous optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention provides an adaptive control of the phase change Transuber wall in a heat pipe. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an enclosure member 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transformer wall of this embodiment generally includes an enclosure member 100, multiple gravity heat pipes 110, and a rotating support device 200. The enclosure member 100 is disposed on the side of the phase change Transformer wall closer to the interior and is configured to rotate within a preset tilt angle range. Each of the multiple gravity heat pipes 110 extends upward from its end along the outer side of the enclosure member 100 and then bends to extend into the enclosure member 100, thereby forming an evaporation section 111 on the outer side of the enclosure member 100 and a condensation section 112 extending into the enclosure member 100. The rotating support device 200 is disposed at the top and bottom of the enclosure member 100 and configured to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure member 100 according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working fluid reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipes 110.

[0032] The enclosure component 100 can rotate within a preset tilt angle range, adjusting to the optimal position according to the angle of sunlight at different seasons and times. This allows the evaporation section 111 of the gravity heat pipe 110 to absorb solar energy to the maximum extent, improving solar energy utilization efficiency and effectively increasing indoor temperature. Specifically, the gravity heat pipe 110 extends upwards from its end along the outside of the enclosure component 100 and then bends into the enclosure component 100, forming the evaporation section 111 and the condensation section 112. This structural design fully utilizes the high-efficiency heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe, rapidly transferring the absorbed solar energy into the enclosure component 100 to heat the indoor air. Compared to traditional Transuber walls, this design offers faster heat transfer and higher efficiency. During the operation of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transuber wall, the rotating support device 200 can adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure component 100 according to indoor and outdoor temperatures. When the indoor temperature is low, the enclosure component 100 can be adjusted to allow the heat pipe evaporation section 111 to better receive solar energy, improve the working fluid reflux efficiency, and enhance the heating effect; when the indoor temperature is too high, the angle can be adjusted to reduce solar energy absorption, avoid indoor overheating, achieve adaptive regulation of indoor temperature, and improve indoor thermal comfort.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, multiple gravity heat pipes 110 are arranged in an array. The condensing section 112 of each gravity heat pipe 110 is configured to extend upwards at an angle from the outside to the inside when the enclosure member 100 is in a vertical position. When the working fluid in the evaporation section 111 fully absorbs heat, it vaporizes. The vaporized working fluid then flows from the outside to the inside along the upward-sloping path to the condensing section 112. In the condensing section 112, the working fluid releases heat, completing the heat transfer. Due to the specific angle between the condensing section 112 and the horizontal plane, the working fluid, after releasing heat and condensing, naturally flows back to the evaporation section 111. In this cyclical process of morphological change, the working fluid can efficiently and rapidly regulate the indoor temperature, thereby creating a more comfortable and pleasant indoor environment. Furthermore, the angle between the evaporation section 111 and the condensing section 112 is most suitable between 100° and 110°, preferably 105°.

[0034] Microfins can also be provided at the condensing section 112 of each gravity heat pipe 110. The microfins can increase the contact area between the condensing section 112 and the enclosure member 100, thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of the condensing section 112. For example, the fin height can be 1 mm and the spacing can be set to 2 mm. Those skilled in the art can configure the specific structure and size of the microfins according to the required condensing efficiency of the gravity heat pipe 110. The specific size data mentioned above are only illustrative examples.

[0035] The enclosure component 100 can be configured with different tilt angles to achieve different heat conduction efficiencies of the gravity heat pipe 110. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt state of the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt state of an adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall according to another embodiment of the present invention. The tilt angle range of the enclosure member 100 is configured to be -15° to 15° relative to the vertical direction. The tilt angle range of -15° to 15° can meet the functional adjustment requirements while ensuring the stability and safety of the entire phase change Transformer wall structure. The smaller tilt angle makes the enclosure member 100 subjected to relatively balanced forces during rotation, reducing the risk of structural deformation and damage, and also reducing the safety hazards that may be caused by excessive angles, such as component overturning, thus extending the service life of the system. During this process, the angle between the condensing section 112 and the horizontal plane varies from 0° to 30°. Correspondingly, the working mode of the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall can gradually change from high-efficiency heat insulation to rapid heat storage. That is, the larger the angle between the condensing section 112 and the horizontal plane, the higher the efficiency of the working fluid reflux, and the faster the heat storage rate of the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall.

[0036] When the enclosure component 100 rotates to Figure 3 At the angle shown, the angle between the condensing section 112 of the gravity heat pipe 110 and the horizontal plane tends to be horizontal, and at this time the rate at which the condensed working fluid flows back to the evaporating section 111 is relatively slow. Figure 3 The angle of the enclosure component 100 shown can be used when the indoor temperature does not need to rise rapidly.

[0037] When the enclosure component 100 rotates to Figure 4 At the angle shown, the angle between the condensing section 112 of the gravity heat pipe 110 and the horizontal plane is relatively large, and the rate at which the condensed working fluid flows back to the evaporating section 111 is relatively fast. Figure 4 The angle of the enclosure component 100 shown can be used when the indoor temperature needs to be raised rapidly.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the enclosure component 100 includes a polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, a concrete intermediate layer 130, and a phase change heat storage inner layer 140. The polyurethane insulation outer layer 120 serves as the outermost layer of the enclosure component 100, preventing heat transfer. The concrete intermediate layer 130 is disposed inside the polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, also preventing heat transfer. The phase change heat storage inner layer 140 is disposed inside the concrete intermediate layer 130. The heat storage material of the phase change heat storage inner layer 140 is composed of a mixture of paraffin wax, undecyl alcohol, and dodecanol, used to regulate indoor temperature and reduce fluctuations in indoor temperature. The phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage inner layer 140 is between 16°C and 20°C, and its latent heat is not less than 150 kJ / kg, effectively storing daytime solar radiation heat and releasing the stored heat at night or when the indoor temperature is low to smooth out indoor temperature fluctuations. The operating temperature range of the working fluid inside the gravity heat pipe 110 should cover the phase change temperature range of the phase change heat storage inner layer 140. Phase change energy storage materials undergo a phase change within their phase change temperature range, absorbing or releasing a large amount of heat. By covering the phase change temperature range with their operating temperature range, the inner layer 140 of the phase change energy storage material can fully experience the phase change process during operation, maximizing its heat storage and release capabilities and improving energy storage and utilization efficiency. For example, in a solar heating system, during the day when solar radiation is strong, the phase change material absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change to store thermal energy; at night when the temperature drops, the phase change material releases heat to maintain the indoor temperature.

[0039] Multiple gravity heat pipes 110 extend upwards from the outside of the enclosure member 100 and then bend into the enclosure member 100, extending at least into the phase change heat storage inner layer 140. In this way, the working fluid within the multiple gravity heat pipes 110 can fully exchange heat with the phase change heat storage inner layer 140. The gravity heat pipes 110 have excellent heat transfer performance; the working fluid circulates within the heat pipes, rapidly transferring heat absorbed from the outside of the enclosure member 100 to the phase change heat storage inner layer 140. Compared to relying solely on heat conduction, this significantly improves heat transfer efficiency and reduces heat loss during the transfer process.

[0040] The polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, the concrete intermediate layer 130, and the phase change heat storage inner layer 140 work together to form a multi-layered, multi-functional enclosure structure. The thermal insulation effect of the outer and intermediate layers reduces the burden on the phase change heat storage inner layer 140, allowing it to more effectively perform its temperature regulation function; the presence of the phase change heat storage inner layer 140 compensates for the shortcomings of the outer and intermediate layers in dynamic temperature regulation. The three work together to improve the performance of the entire enclosure component 100.

[0041] The adaptive heat pipe phase change Translucent wall may also include transparent windows 300. These transparent windows 300 are spaced apart on the outside of the polyurethane insulation outer layer 120, serving both to transmit solar radiation and to provide a sealing effect, preventing heat loss from the interior.

[0042] In some alternative embodiments, the rotary support device 200 includes a slide rail 210, a sliding module 220, and a drive motor 230. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating support device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The slide rails 210 are divided into top and bottom groups, respectively fixed to the top and bottom walls of the enclosure member 100. The sliding modules 220 are also divided into top and bottom groups, respectively disposed on the slide rails 210, for connecting the enclosure member 100. The drive motor 230 is connected to the sliding modules 220 and is used to drive the sliding modules 220 to move relative to the slide rails 210. The drive motor 230 can precisely control the movement of the sliding modules 220 on the slide rails 210, thereby precisely adjusting the tilt angle of the enclosure member 100, so that it can be accurately adjusted to the optimal angle according to changes in indoor and outdoor temperatures and actual needs, achieving precise control of the recirculation efficiency of the working fluid in the gravity heat pipe 110, and achieving ideal heat conduction and indoor temperature regulation effects.

[0043] The drive motor 230 can be a worm gear reducer motor. The worm gear reducer motor can drive the sliding module 220 to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure component 100 at an angular velocity of 0.3° / s. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable worm gear reducer motor according to actual needs and freely choose the angular velocity for adjusting the tilt angle of the enclosure component 100; the specific angular velocity data mentioned above are merely illustrative examples.

[0044] The rotating support device 200 may further include a silicone sealing strip 240. The silicone sealing strip 240 is disposed between the sliding module 220 and the enclosure member 100 to cover the connection gap between them. The silicone sealing strip 240 effectively covers the connection gap between the sliding module 220 and the enclosure member 100, preventing air from flowing through the gap, reducing heat exchange between indoors and outdoors, improving the thermal insulation performance of the enclosure structure, helping to maintain stable indoor temperature, and reducing energy consumption. Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip 240 is less than or equal to 0.35 W / (m·K). This low thermal conductivity effectively prevents heat transfer through the sealing strip, reducing heat loss or transfer at the connection between the enclosure member 100 and the sliding module 220, helping to maintain stable indoor temperature and reduce building heat loss.

[0045] Those skilled in the art can adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure component 100 using an angle adjustment mechanism with the same or similar function, based on the technical concept of the aforementioned rotating support device 200. For example, a hydraulic telescopic rod can be used in conjunction with a hinge structure. The pressure change of the hydraulic system drives the telescopic rod to extend or retract, thereby causing the enclosure component 100 to rotate around the hinge point, achieving precise adjustment of the tilt angle. Alternatively, an electric push rod and a gear and rack mechanism can be used. The linear motion of the electric push rod is converted into rotational motion through the gear and rack, thereby adjusting the angle of the enclosure component 100 to meet the usage requirements under different working conditions.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall further includes a data acquisition unit 250, a DRL control unit 260, and an execution unit 270. The data acquisition unit 250 collects environmental data about the environment in which the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall is located. The DRL control unit 260 sends tilt adjustment commands to the rotating support device 200. The execution unit 270 receives the tilt adjustment commands from the DRL control unit 260 and drives the drive motor 230 accordingly. The data acquisition unit 250 collects environmental data in real time, providing an accurate information basis for the system. The DRL control unit 260 analyzes and makes decisions based on this data, then sends tilt adjustment commands to the execution unit 270, which drives the drive motor 230 to adjust the tilt angle of the rotating support device 200. The entire process requires no manual intervention and can automatically adjust the tilt angle of the Transformer wall according to environmental changes, achieving intelligent adaptive control and improving the system's operating efficiency and accuracy.

[0047] The environmental data for the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transformer wall can include at least indoor temperature, indoor humidity, occupant activity status, air conditioning system operation status, outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, outdoor wind speed, temperature distribution of the phase change heat storage inner layer 140, and the temperature of the air gap between the transparent glass windows and the opaque building envelope components. The data acquisition unit 250 can be configured with corresponding detection components based on the required environmental data, such as temperature detection components, indoor humidity acquisition components, and solar radiation detection components.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a control method for adaptively regulating the phase change Transuber wall of a heat pipe, used to control the adaptively regulating phase change Transuber wall of a heat pipe in any of the above embodiments. Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a control method for adaptively regulating the phase change Transuber wall of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention. The control method includes at least the following steps S601 to S606.

[0049] Step S601: Acquire environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data. By acquiring environmental data and constructing state vectors, complex environmental information can be digitally represented, providing a foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0050] Step S602 involves fusing the state vector with the historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making. This fusion not only considers current environmental data but also incorporates long-term trends and patterns from historical data, resulting in a more comprehensive and accurate description of the environmental situation and helping to more precisely grasp the characteristics and trends of environmental changes.

[0051] Step S603: Based on the extended state vector, predict the trends of indoor and outdoor environmental changes and indoor heat demand. Predicting these trends using the extended state vector allows for advance knowledge of the direction and extent of environmental and heat demand changes. This enables the system to prepare and adjust before changes occur, such as adjusting the working state of the building envelope to better adapt to upcoming environmental changes and maintain indoor comfort and stability. For example, if the extended state vector predicts a significant drop in indoor and outdoor temperatures during a future control period, the angle of the building envelope needs to be adjusted. Figure 4 The angle shown represents a large amount of stored heat indoors to cope with possible cooling during the next control cycle, in order to maintain a suitable indoor temperature.

[0052] Furthermore, in processing the extended state vector, a hierarchical Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) time series model can be used to process the extended state vector, simultaneously capturing long-term trends at the quarterly / monthly level and short-term dynamics at the daily / hourly level, predicting the outdoor environmental change trends and indoor heat demand trends caused by indoor human activities within subsequent short-term control cycles. By combining long-term trends and short-term dynamics, the hierarchical LSTM can fully utilize the information in the extended state vector. Through comprehensive analysis of features at different time scales, the model can more accurately predict outdoor environmental change trends, such as changes in temperature, humidity, and light intensity, as well as heat demand trends caused by indoor human activities. The hierarchical LSTM time series prediction model calculates the root mean square error between the predicted results and the actual measured values, requiring real-time evaluation of prediction accuracy. When the prediction error exceeds a set threshold, the number of network layers, the number of hidden units, and the attention mechanism weights of the hierarchical LSTM time series model are adaptively adjusted to improve the accuracy and robustness of subsequent prediction cycles.

[0053] Step S604: Determine the executable action space based on the indoor heat demand trend and the working status of the building envelope components during the current control cycle. Determining the executable action space based on the indoor heat demand trend and the working status of the building envelope components during the current control cycle makes the system's control measures more targeted and rational. The system can accurately select appropriate actions based on actual needs and the current state to effectively control the indoor environment, avoiding blind or inappropriate operation, improving the system's control efficiency and effectiveness, and also helping to reduce energy consumption and equipment wear, achieving the goals of energy saving and extending equipment life.

[0054] Step S605: The DRL control unit outputs the adjustment action of the enclosure components for the next control cycle.

[0055] Step S606: Perform the adjustment action to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure components. The DRL control unit outputs and executes the adjustment action, which can precisely adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure components based on the previously determined executable action space. This data- and algorithm-based control method is more scientific and precise than traditional fixed mode or experience-based control, and can better meet the thermal requirements of the indoor environment and maintain the stability of the indoor temperature.

[0056] The steps for determining the executable action space may include: determining the allowable range of change in the building envelope's tilt angle within the next control cycle based on the building envelope's tilt angle position, preset tilt angle range, the variation pattern of the gravity heat pipe's heat transfer efficiency, and the heat demand of future control cycles; and then limiting the executable action space based on this allowable range of change. By comprehensively considering factors such as the building envelope's tilt angle position, preset tilt angle range, variation pattern of the gravity heat pipe's heat transfer efficiency, and heat demand of future control cycles, the allowable range of change in the building envelope's tilt angle can be accurately determined, making the system's control more precise. This avoids over- or under-control due to blindly adjusting the tilt angle, improves the accuracy of indoor temperature control, and provides users with a more stable and comfortable indoor environment.

[0057] In some alternative embodiments, after determining the executable action space, the strategy needs to be optimized and adjusted. Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an optimization and adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process includes at least the following steps S701 to S702.

[0058] Step S701: Calculate the reward function based on the state changes of the building envelope components and the environmental data within the new cycle. By calculating the reward function based on the state changes of the building envelope components and the environmental data within the new cycle, feedback information after system adjustments can be obtained in real time. The reward function, as a quantitative evaluation indicator, reflects the degree to which the current adjustment action achieves the system goal, such as whether the indoor temperature is closer to the set value or whether energy consumption has decreased.

[0059] Step S702: Optimize the adjustment strategy based on the reward function. Optimizing the adjustment strategy based on the reward function allows the system to continuously improve its control methods based on real-time feedback. Over time and with increased control frequency, the adjustment strategy becomes increasingly optimized, and the system's performance continuously improves, thereby achieving better indoor environmental control and energy efficiency.

[0060] The optimization objectives of the reward function can include dynamic phase change utilization rate, heat storage delay penalty, and building envelope comfort factor. Dynamic phase change utilization rate, based on the DRL control unit's assessment of future heating demand, involves a feedforward evaluation of the control modes for multiple consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer, guiding tilt angle adjustment. .in, The dynamic phase transition utilization rate is given by μ, which is the weighting ratio of instantaneous delay performance. The actual heat storage during the current regulation cycle, Let γ be the theoretical upper limit of heat storage, γ be the time discount factor, and N be the number of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles. By conducting a feedforward evaluation of the control modes of the subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the inner layer of the phase change heat storage, control strategies can be planned and optimized in advance according to future heating demands. Guided tilt angle adjustment allows the system to more effectively utilize the heat storage and heat release characteristics of the phase change material, bringing the actual heat storage as close as possible to the theoretical upper limit, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing energy waste.

[0061] The thermal storage delay penalty can initiate thermal storage mode earlier if the DRL control unit determines that solar radiation will be insufficient in the future cycle. If the DRL control unit determines that indoor overheating will occur in the future cycle, it will enter insulation mode. If the DRL control unit fails to accurately predict whether this will result in wasted solar energy or indoor overheating, a penalty will be applied in the corresponding cycle. The formula for calculating the thermal storage delay penalty is: in, As a penalty for delayed heat storage, The penalty coefficient is... To predict temperature, This represents the upper limit of the target indoor temperature range. This represents the lower limit of the target indoor temperature range. The heat storage delay penalty applies a penalty when inaccurate predictions lead to adverse consequences, prompting the DRL control unit to continuously optimize its prediction and decision-making capabilities. This improves the system's accuracy in predicting changes in the indoor and outdoor environment and heat demand, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the entire system and reducing the negative impacts of erroneous decisions.

[0062] The aforementioned heat storage mode can be understood as adjusting the angle of the building envelope in advance, in case of insufficient solar radiation in future cycles, to rapidly raise the indoor temperature and store heat indoors, preventing the indoor temperature from dropping due to insufficient solar radiation in future cycles, thus avoiding the feeling of cold indoors. The heat insulation mode, on the other hand, can be understood as adjusting the angle of the building envelope during a short-term regulation period before the arrival of the high-temperature period in case of excessive indoor heat in future cycles, preventing the indoor temperature from rising and avoiding discomfort caused by overheating. Whether preventing excessively low indoor temperatures that cause coldness or avoiding excessively high indoor temperatures that cause discomfort, both modes precisely regulate according to the human body's thermal comfort needs. This mode can maintain the indoor temperature within the human comfort range for extended periods, significantly improving the comfort of living or working environments, reducing health problems caused by temperature discomfort, and creating a healthier and more comfortable living and working space for people.

[0063] Still with Figure 3 and Figure 4 For example, in heat storage mode, the enclosure components rotate to the position shown in the image. Figure 4 At this angle, the condensing section of the gravity heat pipe has a relatively large angle with the horizontal plane. This allows the working fluid in the condensing section to quickly flow back into the evaporating section. Thus, the enclosure components rotate to... Figure 4 The angle allows for rapid heat storage indoors, preventing insufficient solar radiation in future cycles from causing indoor temperatures to drop and making occupants feel cold. In insulation mode, the enclosure components rotate to the desired angle. Figure 3 At this angle, the angle between the condensing section of the gravity heat pipe and the horizontal plane is relatively small. Thus, the enclosure components rotate to... Figure 3 The angle allows the indoor temperature to change slowly, preventing the indoor temperature from rising and avoiding discomfort caused by overheating.

[0064] Furthermore, the building envelope comfort factor comprehensively considers the buffering effect of walls on the indoor thermal environment to reduce room temperature fluctuations caused by rapid heat storage and release. The formula for calculating the building envelope comfort factor is: in, For the comfort factor of the building envelope, This represents the difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperature during this control period. Taking into account the buffering effect of walls on the indoor thermal environment, reducing room temperature fluctuations caused by rapid heat storage and release provides users with a more comfortable indoor thermal environment. Stable room temperature helps improve people's quality of life and work efficiency, reducing physical discomfort and additional energy consumption caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0065] In some alternative embodiments, the simulation accuracy of the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure structure also needs to be adjusted during the process of outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure components for the next control cycle through the DRL control unit. Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of adjusting the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage in an enclosure structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process includes at least steps S801 to S804. Step S801 involves obtaining an initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change heat storage inner layer. Obtaining this initial control strategy based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change heat storage inner layer allows for full utilization of existing data and considers the influence of various factors on the dynamic heat storage of the enclosure structure, providing a more accurate initial basis for the control strategy and making the control strategy more consistent with actual conditions.

[0066] Step S802 involves updating the neural network using real-time sensor data to achieve adaptive adjustment of the strategy in response to changes in external climate and operating conditions. Updating the neural network using real-time sensor data enables adaptive adjustment of the control strategy. External climate and operating conditions are constantly changing; real-time sensor data can capture these changes in a timely manner and adjust the strategy accordingly, ensuring that the control strategy always accurately adapts to changes in actual conditions, thus improving the accuracy and effectiveness of control. External climate can include outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, and outdoor wind speed, etc. Operating conditions can include heat storage mode and heat insulation mode.

[0067] Step S803: Calculate the heat transfer of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage and release rates of the phase change heat storage inner layer. Calculating the heat transfer of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage and release rates of the phase change heat storage inner layer allows the system to accurately understand its heat transfer and heat storage / release status. These parameters are crucial for accurately simulating the dynamic heat storage of the building envelope. Precise calculations provide a better understanding of the system's thermal characteristics under different operating conditions, offering accurate data support for subsequent control.

[0068] Step S804: Calibrate the heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit and adjust the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage in the building envelope. Calibrating the heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit and adjusting the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage in the building envelope allows for a more accurate simulation of the dynamic heat storage process of the building envelope. This helps the DRL control unit to more accurately predict and control the thermal state of the building envelope, thereby optimizing the performance of the entire system, improving energy efficiency, better meeting the control requirements of the indoor thermal environment, providing users with a more comfortable environment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0069] In some alternative embodiments, continuous optimization can also be performed along with the tuning strategy. Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a continuous optimization adjustment strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention. The continuous optimization steps include at least steps 901 to 908.

[0070] Step 901: Obtain environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data.

[0071] Step 902: The state vector is fused with the historical data sequence to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making.

[0072] Step 903: Based on the extended state vector, predict the trends of indoor and outdoor environmental changes and indoor heat demand.

[0073] Step 904: Determine the action space that can be executed based on the indoor heat demand trend and the working status of the building envelope components during the current control cycle.

[0074] Step 905: The DRL control unit outputs the adjustment action of the enclosure components for the next control cycle.

[0075] Step 906: Perform the adjustment action to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure components.

[0076] Step 907: Calculate the reward function based on the state changes of the enclosure components and the environmental data in the new cycle.

[0077] Step 908: Optimize and adjust the strategy based on the reward function.

[0078] After optimizing the strategy based on the reward function, environmental data is reacquired, and a state vector corresponding to the environmental data is constructed. This process iterates through all the aforementioned control steps, forming a periodic closed-loop control that continuously optimizes the dynamic adjustment strategy. This iterative process is one of continuous learning and improvement. Over time, the system accumulates more data and experience, leading to more accurate predictions, more scientific decision-making, and more optimized control strategies, thereby continuously improving the overall system performance and reliability.

[0079] The above control methods can achieve intelligent management of the tilt angle change of the phase change Transylvanian wall and the working mode of the gravity heat pipe through an AI automatic adjustment module. The AI ​​automatic adjustment module includes a data acquisition unit, a DRL control unit, and an execution unit. The data acquisition unit monitors indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, wind speed, personnel activity, temperature distribution of the inner phase change heat storage layer, and temperature of the air gap between windows and building envelope components in real time, and transmits the collected data to the DRL control unit. The DRL control unit implements AI adaptive control based on a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. As a preferred solution for AI adaptive regulation, in the operation steps of the DRL control unit, the AI ​​module uses real-time data to construct the current environmental state vector and merges it with historical data sequences to form an extended state vector. Extended state vector The calculation formula is: in, , , , The outdoor environmental parameters for the adaptively controlled low-energy heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall and control method of this embodiment are outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity, wind speed, and relative humidity, respectively. This indicates the temperature of the air gap between the transparent glass window and the opaque building envelope components; This indicates the temperature distribution within the phase change thermal storage layer; , , These represent indoor temperature, relative humidity, and occupant activity, respectively. Furthermore, an AI-powered automatic adjustment module enables intelligent management of the adaptive control of the tilt angle of the phase change Transformer wall and the operating mode of the gravity heat pipe. Through the synergy of the wall structure and AI algorithms, precise control of indoor temperature stability and comfort can be achieved throughout the day. Specifically, when facing continuous heating demands in winter, the system automatically increases the tilt angle of the building envelope to enhance the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity heat pipe, allowing for rapid indoor heating. When indoor temperatures are high in the winter afternoon, the system enters insulation mode in advance during a short control cycle before the peak heat period to prevent overheating. After the peak heat period in the winter afternoon, the system readjusts back to heat storage mode based on the actual heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage inner layer and the heat demand during the night. When facing intermittent heating demands in winter, the system adjusts the tilt angle of the building envelope in advance based on predicted user home hours and predicted trends in outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity to regulate heat flow and indoor temperature, minimizing active system energy consumption during peak heating periods and avoiding energy waste. When there is no heating demand in the summer, the building envelope is tilted to the insulation angle to reduce the cooling load on the air conditioning system.

[0080] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although numerous exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and construed as covering all such other variations or modifications.

[0081] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in the description of this disclosure (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0083] In the description of this disclosure, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are merely a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments of the present invention. These partial embodiments are intended to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transuber wall, characterized in that... include: Enclosure components are located on the side of the phase change Trumbo wall closest to the interior and are configured to be rotatable within a preset tilt angle range; Multiple gravity heat pipes, each of which starts from the end and extends upward along the outside of the enclosure member before bending and entering the enclosure member, thereby forming an evaporation section on the outside of the enclosure member and a condensation section extending into the enclosure member; A rotating support device is provided at the top and bottom of the enclosure component and configured to adjust the tilt angle of the enclosure component according to the indoor and outdoor temperatures, thereby changing the working fluid reflux efficiency of the gravity heat pipe.

2. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravity heat pipes are arranged in an array; and the condensation section of each gravity heat pipe is configured to extend upward at an angle from the outside to the inside when the enclosure is in a vertical position. The inclination angle range of the enclosure member is configured to be inclination from -15° to 15° relative to the vertical direction.

3. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure components include: A polyurethane insulation outer layer serves as the outermost layer of the enclosure component; A concrete intermediate layer is disposed inside the polyurethane insulation outer layer; A phase change heat storage inner layer is disposed inside the concrete intermediate layer. The heat storage material of the phase change heat storage inner layer is composed of a mixture of paraffin, undecyl alcohol, and dodecanol, and the phase change temperature of the heat storage material is within the range of 16°C to 20°C. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transbronze wall also includes: Transparent windows are spaced apart on the outside of the polyurethane insulation layer to transmit solar radiation.

4. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary support device includes: The slide rails consist of two sets, one at the top and one at the bottom, which are respectively fixed to the top and bottom walls of the enclosure component; The sliding module consists of two sets, one at the top and one at the bottom, respectively mounted on the slide rail for connecting the enclosure components; A drive motor, connected to the sliding module, is used to drive the sliding module to move relative to the slide rail.

5. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary support device further includes: A silicone sealing strip is disposed between the sliding module and the enclosure member to cover the connection gap between the sliding module and the enclosure member; and... The thermal conductivity of the silicone sealing strip is less than or equal to 0.35 W / (m·K).

6. The adaptive control heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The data acquisition unit is used to collect environmental data in the environment where the adaptive heat pipe phase change Transbryne wall is located; The DRL control unit is used to send tilt adjustment commands to the rotary support device; An execution unit is configured to receive the tilt adjustment command issued by the DRL control unit and drive the drive motor according to the tilt adjustment command.

7. A control method for an adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transuber wall, used to control the adaptively controlled heat pipe phase change Transuber wall according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire environmental data and construct a state vector corresponding to the environmental data; The state vector is fused with historical data sequences to form an extended state vector for prediction and decision-making; Based on the extended state vector, predict the trends of indoor and outdoor environmental changes and indoor heat demand trends; The feasible action space is determined based on the indoor and outdoor environmental change trends, the indoor heat demand trends, and the working status of the enclosure components in the current control cycle. The adjustment action of the enclosure component for the next control cycle is output by the DRL control unit; Perform the adjustment action to adjust the inclination angle of the enclosure component.

8. The adaptive control method for the Transmber wall of a heat pipe phase change according to claim 7, characterized in that, Following the step of determining the executable action space, the following is also included: The reward function is calculated based on the state changes of the enclosure components and the environmental data in the new cycle. The strategy is optimized and adjusted based on the reward function.

9. The control method for adaptively regulating the Transuber wall of a heat pipe phase change according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optimization objectives of the reward function include dynamic phase change utilization rate, heat storage delay penalty, and building envelope comfort factor, among which... The dynamic phase change utilization rate is configured such that, when the DRL control unit determines that there is a heating demand in the future cycle, it performs a feedforward evaluation of the control mode of multiple consecutive short-term control cycles and the heat release of the phase change heat storage inner layer to guide the tilt angle adjustment. The formula for calculating the dynamic phase change utilization rate is as follows: Among them, the For dynamic phase transition utilization, μ is the instantaneous delay performance weighting ratio. The actual heat storage during the current control cycle, the The theoretical upper limit of heat storage is γ, which is the time discount factor, and N is the number of subsequent consecutive short-term control cycles. The formula for calculating the heat storage delay penalty is as follows: Among them, the As a penalty for delayed heat storage, the The penalty coefficient is the stated To predict temperature, the The upper limit of the target indoor temperature range, the This represents the lower limit of the target indoor temperature range. The formula for calculating the comfort factor of the building envelope is as follows: Among them, the As the comfort factor of the building envelope, the This is the difference between the maximum and minimum indoor temperature during this control period.

10. The control method for adaptively regulating the Transuber wall of a heat pipe phase change according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of outputting the adjustment action of the enclosure component for the next control cycle through the DRL control unit includes: An initial control strategy is obtained based on historical meteorological data, indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the thermal characteristics of the phase change thermal storage inner layer. By using real-time sensor data to update the neural network, the strategy can be adaptively adjusted when the external climate and operating conditions change. Calculate the heat transfer rate of the gravity heat pipe and the heat storage rate and heat release rate of the phase change heat storage inner layer; The heat transfer sub-model in the DRL control unit is calibrated to adjust the simulation accuracy of dynamic heat storage of the enclosure components.

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