A method for testing intelligent lasers

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent laser testing method, which relates to the field of laser testing. The method comprises: determining whether a laser fault is caused by monitoring the optical power fluctuation amplitude at the initial stage of starting the laser to be tested to emit a light beam; locating the influence of environmental thermal radiation or aerosol particles on the light beam by collecting temperature gradient distribution data of the light beam propagation path and combining it with air particle concentration data after the laser fault is not determined to be caused by the laser itself; obtaining the light beam drift direction, drift speed and energy uniformity based on the light spot image on the light beam propagation path, determining the abnormal position according to the changes in the light beam drift direction, drift speed and energy uniformity, and correlating it with the temperature gradient and particle concentration in real time. The method effectively distinguishes between laser faults and environmental interference, accurately locates the abnormal position on the light beam propagation path, and clearly identifies the main environmental interference factors that lead to the degradation of the dynamic quality of the light beam, thereby providing an accurate basis for laser performance evaluation and application environment optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser testing and relates to an intelligent laser testing method. Background Art

[0002] Lasers play a vital role in many fields, including modern industrial manufacturing, precision measurement, communications, and scientific research. Lasers transmit energy and information by emitting a laser beam. With its high directivity, coherence, and monochromaticity, the laser beam is the core carrier of its function.

[0003] The quality of a laser beam, especially its dynamic characteristics such as directional stability and energy distribution uniformity, directly determines the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of related applications. With the increasing complexity of application scenarios and the continuous improvement of laser performance requirements, it is increasingly important to effectively evaluate and ensure the dynamic quality of laser beams in real working environments.

[0004] Existing technologies have proposed methods for testing lasers. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN116625646A proposes a fiber laser testing system and method. The power detection device detects the output optical power in real time, and the temperature detection device detects the temperature values ​​of the laser body, end cap, and possible optical fiber cladding respectively. If an abnormal optical power is detected, the aging test is judged to be unqualified. If the temperature exceeds the set range, it is judged that the cooling component is poorly assembled or the end cap is abnormal. The stability of the laser output is further evaluated by analyzing the curvature of the curve of the optical power changing with time. At the same time, potential abnormal trends are identified in combination with temperature data, thereby realizing intelligent diagnosis of installation or component problems, outputting complete aging test results and the causes of the detected abnormalities, and providing a basis for quality control and troubleshooting.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned existing technologies have achieved certain results in laser testing, they still have the following shortcomings: First, the environment around the laser beam will have a certain impact on it during the laser emission and propagation process, and the existing technology only monitors the temperature values ​​of the laser and the end cap to determine installation abnormalities. The increase in the end cap temperature may be caused by environmental thermal radiation rather than poor installation. It is impossible to distinguish whether the root cause of the fault is inside the laser or the external environment by simply attributing it to installation abnormality.

[0006] In addition, independent judgments between optical power and temperature were made without multivariate cross-analysis. A slight decrease in optical power and a simultaneous increase in temperature could be an early failure signal. A separate judgment could overlook this correlation, making it impossible to identify complex failure modes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides an intelligent laser testing method.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: an intelligent laser testing method, comprising the following steps: starting the laser to be tested to emit a light beam, gradually increasing the emission power and monitoring the optical power fluctuation amplitude in real time, and if the optical power fluctuation amplitude exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the laser itself is faulty.

[0009] When it is not determined that the laser itself is faulty, a high-resolution array detector is arranged along the beam propagation path in a direction from a position close to the laser to a position far away from the laser, and a complete sequence of light spot images with a time stamp is output.

[0010] The temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data around the beam are synchronously collected and recorded along the beam propagation path.

[0011] Based on the spot image sequence, the drift direction and drift speed of the beam direction angle are determined by the change of the spot center position in the continuous images.

[0012] Based on the spot image sequence, the energy distribution is analyzed by the spot image at each position to obtain the energy uniformity on the beam propagation path.

[0013] Abnormal locations are identified based on changes in drift direction, drift speed, and energy uniformity along the beam propagation path. The temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data at the abnormal locations are correlated and compared with the normal environmental parameter database to determine the main environmental interference factors that lead to the degradation of the dynamic quality of the beam.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention monitors the optical power fluctuation amplitude at the initial stage of starting the laser to be tested to determine whether the laser itself is at fault, thereby avoiding attributing the internal fault of the laser to environmental interference, solving the problem of misjudgment from the root, and improving detection efficiency.

[0015] (2) The present invention locates the influence of environmental thermal radiation or aerosol particles on the light beam by collecting temperature gradient distribution data of the light beam propagation path and combining it with air particle concentration data after the laser itself is not determined to be faulty. This breaks through the limitation of single temperature monitoring and distinguishes whether the fault is caused by a defect in the laser itself or interference from the external environment.

[0016] (3) The present invention obtains the drift direction, drift speed and energy uniformity of the beam based on the spot image on the beam propagation path, determines the abnormal position according to the changes in the drift direction, drift speed and energy uniformity of the beam, and correlates them with the temperature gradient and particle concentration in real time, thereby enhancing the ability to identify early failure signals and enabling the timely detection of potential problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the steps for implementing the method.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flow chart for identifying abnormal positions of light beam propagation according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flow chart for determining environmental interference factors of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent laser testing method, including: S1. starting the laser to be tested to emit a light beam, gradually increasing the emission power and monitoring the optical power fluctuation amplitude in real time. If the optical power fluctuation amplitude exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the laser itself is faulty.

[0023] It should be noted that the preset fluctuation threshold refers to the technical manual provided by the manufacturer of the laser to be tested, which usually clearly marks the upper limit of the normal optical power fluctuation of this model of laser within the rated power range, which serves as the basis for the preset threshold.

[0024] The specific steps of monitoring the optical power fluctuation amplitude are as follows: controlling the laser to be tested to gradually increase the emission power from the initial power according to the set power step length.

[0025] It should be noted that the set power step size must refer to the rated power range and minimum adjustable power unit of the laser, such as the power adjustment accuracy specified by the manufacturer, to avoid the step size exceeding the adjustment granularity allowed by the equipment. For example, if the minimum adjustment unit of the laser is 0.05W, the step size should not be less than this value.

[0026] The initial power must be higher than the threshold power of the laser, that is, the minimum power that can stimulate laser output, to ensure that the laser is in normal working condition and avoid unstable output or failure to emit light due to too low power.

[0027] An optical power meter is fixedly installed at the laser light outlet to capture and record the optical power data in real time.

[0028] It should be noted that the optical power meter converts the energy of the optical signal into an electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion effect, and measures the optical power by quantifying the electrical signal.

[0029] Specifically, the optical power meter is connected to the data acquisition system through a cable to complete device initialization and communication configuration. The optical power meter continuously receives the laser beam at a preset sampling frequency, and the sensor generates an electrical signal in real time. The data acquisition system periodically reads the voltage signal output by the optical power meter through a timer trigger or interrupt mechanism to form continuous time series data.

[0030] The continuous optical power monitoring period is divided into preset time periods to form a dynamically updated time window. The maximum optical power value and the minimum optical power value are determined for the optical power data collected in each time window.

[0031] It's important to note that the preset duration must match the optical power meter's sampling frequency to ensure sufficient data points within each time window to accurately calculate maximum and minimum values. For example, if the optical power meter's sampling frequency is 10Hz, a preset duration of 1 second results in 10 data points per window, while a 2-second preset duration results in 20 data points, which improves the reliability of extreme value determination.

[0032] Specifically, continuous data segments are intercepted from the real-time optical power time series according to a preset time length to form a data set of the current time window. All optical power values ​​in the data set are compared to find the maximum and minimum values. The maximum and minimum values ​​of each window are recorded and associated with timestamps for subsequent calculation of the fluctuation amplitude. The time window is dynamically updated as new data is collected.

[0033] The absolute difference between the maximum optical power value and the minimum optical power value in the same time window is calculated as the optical power fluctuation amplitude value corresponding to the time window.

[0034] The optical power fluctuation amplitude values ​​calculated in each time window are output in chronological order to form a real-time updated fluctuation amplitude monitoring sequence.

[0035] The preset fluctuation threshold is determined based on the stable characteristics of the laser's normal operation. If the optical power fluctuation amplitude exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that there is an abnormality inside the laser, resulting in unstable output power. Such an abnormality is a fault of the laser itself, eliminating environmental interference and helping to reduce test time.

[0036] S2. When it is not determined that the laser itself is faulty, a high-resolution area array detector is arranged along the beam propagation path in a direction from a position close to the laser to a position far away from the laser, and a complete sequence of light spot images with time stamps is output.

[0037] The high-resolution area array detector is an optical detection device with a high spatial resolution and an area array structure composed of a large number of photosensitive pixels. It can image the incident laser spot, capture the two-dimensional spatial distribution information of the spot, such as morphology, grayscale value distribution, etc., and output the corresponding spot image data.

[0038] It should be noted that after the light beam is emitted from the laser, its direction will gradually drift and its energy distribution will deteriorate due to environmental interference during its propagation process, and these changes have a spatial cumulative effect. By deploying detectors from near to far along the propagation path, light spot images can be collected at different spatial positions according to the natural propagation order of the light beam, and the dynamic evolution process of the light beam from the source to the long distance can be fully recorded to avoid missing abnormal characteristics in a certain propagation stage.

[0039] Specifically, a straight track is laid along the propagation direction of the light beam, with the starting position being the reference measurement point closest to the laser light outlet and the ending position being the boundary point farthest from the maximum test range of the laser.

[0040] A positioning reference point is set at the starting end of the track, and a single high-resolution area array detector is installed on a stage that can slide along the track. The stage is adjusted so that the center of the detector's photosensitive surface is aligned with the beam propagation axis at the reference point.

[0041] It should be noted that the positioning reference point is the core spatial reference to ensure the initial alignment accuracy of the detector, unify the spatial coordinate system, and realize synchronous measurement of multiple devices.

[0042] The stage is controlled to move in a preset position sequence. After completing the spot image acquisition at each target position, it moves to the next position in a straight line along the track. The minimum spacing between adjacent positions is greater than the beam spot diameter at the current position.

[0043] It's important to note that a beam forms a spot of a certain diameter during propagation. If the spacing between adjacent measurement positions is smaller than the spot diameter at the current position, the spot images captured at the two positions will partially overlap. This overlap makes it impossible to distinguish the spot characteristics at different positions during subsequent calculations, leading to errors in the drift direction and energy distribution. However, spacing greater than the spot diameter ensures that the spot image at each position is completely independent, allowing the spot characteristics at each position to be accurately extracted, providing a reliable basis for parameter comparison.

[0044] When the laser itself is not determined to be at fault, the dynamic quality of the beam is further analyzed to provide basic data for identifying the abnormal location and correlating environmental factors to determine the environmental interference factors that cause the degradation of the dynamic quality of the beam.

[0045] S3. Synchronously collect and record temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data around the beam along the beam propagation path.

[0046] Specifically, an auxiliary track is laid parallel to the side of the linear track, and an infrared thermal imager that can slide along the auxiliary track is installed. The optical axis of the thermal imager is coplanar with the beam propagation axis and forms a fixed angle.

[0047] It should be noted that the optical axis of the thermal imager is coplanar with the axis of light beam propagation and forms a fixed angle, which can stably and consistently capture the temperature field distribution around the light beam, avoid measurement errors caused by angle changes, and ensure the comparability of temperature gradient data at different locations.

[0048] When the stage moves to the preset measurement position, the thermal imager is controlled to move synchronously to the corresponding position.

[0049] When the high-resolution area array detector is triggered, the infrared thermal imager is turned on at the same time, and a thermal imaging temperature distribution map with the same time stamp is output.

[0050] More specifically, when the stage is fixed at a preset measurement position, the particle concentration sensor is controlled to move to a vertical projection point of the light beam axis corresponding to the position.

[0051] It should be noted that the preset measurement position refers to the specific position along the linear track between the reference measurement point closest to the laser light outlet and the boundary point of the maximum test range farthest from the laser, which is used for the high-resolution area array detector to collect the spot image.

[0052] At the same time when the high-resolution area array detector and infrared thermal imager are triggered, continuous air sampling is performed synchronously, and the instantaneous values ​​of the particle concentration in the horizontal and vertical directions of the position are output in real time.

[0053] The dynamic quality of the beam, such as angular drift and degradation of energy uniformity, may be affected by environmental factors. For example, temperature gradients can cause changes in the air refractive index, leading to thermal disturbances, and air particles can scatter or absorb beam energy, leading to aerosol interference. This data is collected to subsequently correlate changes in beam quality parameters at abnormal locations and identify specific environmental interference factors.

[0054] S4. Determine the drift direction and drift speed of the light beam direction angle based on the spot image sequence by changing the center position of the spot in the continuous images.

[0055] The drift direction of the beam direction angle is specifically as follows: a detector imaging plane coordinate system is established with the upper left corner of the continuous spot image with a time stamp at a single measurement position as the coordinate origin, and the geometric center coordinates of the spot of each frame image are calculated by the grayscale weighted first-order moment.

[0056] Specifically, let the pixel coordinates of a certain frame of spot image in the detector imaging plane coordinate system be , the gray value of the corresponding pixel is , where the larger the grayscale value, the stronger the light intensity at the pixel.

[0057] Traverse all pixels in the image and filter out pixels with grayscale values ​​greater than the preset threshold, distinguishing between light spots and background noise, as valid pixels participating in the calculation, and only retain pixels in the light spot area to exclude background interference.

[0058] Light spot geometric center coordinate: , the geometric center of the light spot coordinate: , where M represents the width of the image, N represents the height of the image, and i represents the pixel row number in the y direction of the corresponding coordinate system. , j represents the pixel column number in the x-direction of the corresponding coordinate system, .

[0059] The geometric center coordinates of the light spot of multiple consecutive frames of images at the same position are arranged in chronological order to form the time series data of the light spot center displacement at that position.

[0060] According to the spot center displacement time series data, the spot center coordinates at adjacent time points are differentially calculated in the detector imaging plane coordinate system to form the displacement vector between adjacent frames.

[0061] Calculate the algebraic mean of the horizontal and vertical components of all displacement vectors within a preset time period.

[0062] The horizontal and vertical drift directions of the beam are determined according to the positive and negative signs of the average values ​​of the horizontal and vertical components.

[0063] Specifically, if the average value of the horizontal component is positive, it means that the light beam drifts toward the right side of the image as a whole in the horizontal direction; otherwise, it means that the light beam drifts toward the left side of the image.

[0064] If the average value of the vertical component is positive, it means that the light beam drifts toward the bottom of the image as a whole in the vertical direction; otherwise, it drifts toward the top of the image.

[0065] The drift direction of the combined horizontal drift direction and vertical drift direction output beam direction angle in the spatial coordinate system .

[0066] Specifically, the drift direction of the beam direction angle in the spatial coordinate system is ,in, represents the signed average value of the horizontal component, Represents the signed average of the vertical components.

[0067] In this way, eight directions can be output: up, down, left, right, upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right.

[0068] The drift speed is specifically obtained as follows: according to the timestamp of the spot image, the time interval between adjacent frames is obtained by subtracting the timestamp of the next frame from the timestamp of the previous frame, and the arithmetic mean of the time intervals between adjacent frames corresponding to all displacement vectors is obtained to obtain the average time interval.

[0069] The horizontal and vertical components are replaced by the number averages to obtain the horizontal and vertical average displacements.

[0070] The horizontal and vertical drift velocities are obtained by dividing the average displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions by the average time interval.

[0071] The module length of the drift velocity vector composed of the horizontal drift velocity and the vertical drift velocity is recorded as the drift velocity.

[0072] Specifically, the drift speed ,in, represents the horizontal drift speed, Indicates the vertical drift speed.

[0073] The drift direction and drift speed of the beam direction angle directly reflect the stability of the beam propagation. During normal propagation, the drift direction should be relatively stable and the speed should be small. If there is a sudden change in the drift direction or an increase in the speed, it often means that the beam is abnormally disturbed at that position.

[0074] Determining the drift direction and drift speed of the beam direction angle can quantify the stability changes of the beam propagation, such as whether irregular offset occurs and whether the offset speed increases. This is the key basis for judging whether the dynamic quality of the beam has deteriorated.

[0075] S5. Based on the spot image sequence, the energy distribution is analyzed by the spot image at each position to obtain the energy uniformity on the beam propagation path.

[0076] Specifically, for each single-frame spot image with a time stamp, the full-frame pixel grayscale value is extracted based on the detector imaging plane coordinate system.

[0077] The grayscale value distribution interval within the effective coverage area of ​​the light spot in the frame image is determined according to the extracted grayscale value, and the proportion of pixels whose grayscale values ​​fall into the preset high-energy interval is counted.

[0078] It should be noted that the preset high-energy range refers to the grayscale value range corresponding to higher beam energy levels within the effective coverage area of ​​the laser spot. Pixels with grayscale values ​​falling within this range represent areas where the beam energy is relatively concentrated. This range is typically pre-set based on the characteristics of the laser and test requirements, combined with the grayscale value distribution range within the effective coverage area of ​​the laser spot. For example, the high-energy range can be set between 70% and 100% of the maximum grayscale value within the region, based on the energy distribution characteristics of the laser during normal operation.

[0079] The spot images of all measurement positions on the beam propagation path are traversed, and the pixel number proportions corresponding to each position are arranged in order of spatial position to form a sequence of energy distribution characteristic values ​​along the propagation path.

[0080] Based on the change in the ratio of the number of pixels between adjacent positions in the energy distribution characteristic value sequence, an energy uniformity change curve on the beam propagation path is output.

[0081] The energy uniformity along the beam propagation path is used to quantify the distribution stability of the beam energy during the propagation process, providing key parameters for judging the dynamic quality of the beam. At the same time, it provides support for distinguishing different environmental interference factors, thereby improving the accuracy of environmental interference analysis.

[0082] S6. Identify abnormal locations based on changes in drift direction, drift velocity, and energy uniformity along the beam propagation path, correlate the temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data at the abnormal locations, and determine the main environmental interference factors that cause degradation of the beam's dynamic quality by comparing them with the normal environmental parameter database.

[0083] See also Figure 2 As shown, a specific implementation process of the above-mentioned abnormal position identification is as follows: the measurement position points of all high-resolution area array detectors are arranged in the order of the spatial position in the propagation direction of the light beam to form an ordered position sequence from close to the laser to far away from the laser.

[0084] For each measurement position point, the beam direction angle drift direction, drift speed and energy distribution characteristic values ​​at that position are extracted.

[0085] When the drift direction changes and the drift velocity modulus increases, the energy distribution characteristic value decreases by more than the preset decrease threshold and the drift velocity modulus increases simultaneously, or when several consecutive measurement positions show that the drift direction continues to change in the same direction and the energy distribution characteristic value decreases point by point, it is marked as an abnormal position candidate point.

[0086] It should be noted that under normal circumstances, the direction of the laser beam should be relatively stable. If a change in the drift direction is observed, it means that the beam is affected by external factors during propagation, such as temperature gradients, which cause the optical path to deviate.

[0087] An increase in the drift velocity modulus typically indicates increasing instability in the beam direction. Combined with changes in drift direction, it is possible to more accurately locate areas that are particularly sensitive to external interference or have physical structural issues.

[0088] The energy distribution characteristic value reflects the uniformity of the energy distribution of the beam during propagation. When this value drops significantly, it means that the energy distribution of the beam has become uneven, which may be caused by changes in environmental conditions.

[0089] The falling threshold can be preset by calculating the average value and standard deviation under normal circumstances, and then setting the threshold as the average value minus several times the standard deviation.

[0090] The marked abnormal position candidate points are associated with their spatial coordinates on the beam propagation path, and the final identified abnormal position set and the corresponding parameter abnormality type are output.

[0091] The dynamic quality degradation of the light beam may appear at a specific position along the propagation path. Through orderly analysis and comprehensive judgment of multiple parameters, the limitations of single parameter or random position analysis can be avoided, and the abnormal position can be accurately locked. Clarifying the abnormal position and its parameter characteristics is a necessary prerequisite for the subsequent correlation with environmental interference factors and the ultimate determination of the main cause of the quality degradation.

[0092] refer to Figure 3 As shown, a specific implementation process of the above-mentioned main environmental interference factors that lead to the degradation of the dynamic quality of the light beam is as follows: compare the temperature gradient data of the abnormal position with the standard temperature gradient distribution range point by point, mark the abnormal temperature gradient area that exceeds the standard range, and similarly mark the concentration direction and magnitude of the excess.

[0093] It should be noted that the temperature gradient in the standard range is usually determined by collecting temperature gradient data multiple times on the beam propagation path of the same type of laser under normal environmental conditions, that is, without significant interference and with stable dynamic beam quality, and then determining the reasonable fluctuation range after statistical analysis.

[0094] For concentrations exceeding the standard, calculate the difference between the actual concentration value and the upper or lower limit of the standard range, and divide and mark the exceeding level according to the size of the difference, such as slight exceeding the standard, moderate exceeding the standard, serious exceeding the standard, etc.

[0095] According to the marked temperature gradient anomaly area, the direction and magnitude of the particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard, they are mapped to the preset thermal disturbance interference type classification table and aerosol interference type classification table to determine the thermal interference type and aerosol interference type.

[0096] It should be noted that the thermal disturbance interference type classification table contains the correspondence between different temperature gradient anomaly characteristics, such as the size of the abnormal area, the amplitude of the exceeding standard, and the corresponding thermal disturbance types such as local heat source interference and airflow thermal disturbance.

[0097] The aerosol interference type classification table contains the correspondence between the direction and magnitude of different particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard and the corresponding aerosol interference type, such as local dust and aerosol diffusion.

[0098] When only a single type of interference exists, the interference type is directly determined to be the main environmental interference factor.

[0099] When thermal interference and aerosol interference exist at the same time, if the abnormal position on the beam propagation path is accompanied by a decrease in energy uniformity exceeding the uniformity threshold, the aerosol interference type is preferentially determined to be the main environmental interference factor.

[0100] It should be noted that aerosol interference, such as air particles, will directly destroy the uniformity of the energy distribution of the light beam by scattering and absorbing the light beam energy, resulting in a decrease in the proportion of high-energy areas, which is manifested as a significant decrease in energy uniformity. Thermal interference mainly changes the refractive index of the air through the temperature gradient, which more affects the propagation direction of the light beam, resulting in an increase in the directional angle drift rate.

[0101] The uniformity threshold is usually based on the energy uniformity characteristics of the laser under normal working conditions, and is set after collecting energy distribution data at various positions on the beam propagation path through a large number of experiments and statistically analyzing the normal fluctuation range.

[0102] If the abnormal position on the beam propagation path is accompanied by an increase in the beam direction angular drift speed, the thermal interference type is preferentially determined to be the main environmental interference factor.

[0103] It should be noted that thermal interference such as abnormal temperature gradient will lead to uneven distribution of air refractive index along the beam propagation path. This unevenness will directly change the propagation direction of the beam and increase the drift speed of the beam direction angle. Aerosol interference mainly affects the energy uniformity by scattering and absorbing the beam energy, and its effect on the drift speed of the beam direction angle is relatively weak. When the abnormal position is accompanied by an increase in the drift speed of the beam direction angle, it means that the stability of the beam propagation direction is more significantly disturbed.

[0104] If the abnormal position simultaneously meets the conditions that the energy uniformity decreases beyond the uniformity threshold and the beam direction angular drift speed increases, or it is impossible to distinguish between the primary and secondary, it is determined to be a combination of complex environmental interference factors.

[0105] It should be noted that thermal interference primarily affects the beam propagation direction by changing the air refractive index, resulting in an increase in the angular drift rate. Aerosol interference primarily affects the energy distribution by scattering and absorbing the beam energy, resulting in a decrease in energy uniformity. When both a decrease in energy uniformity exceeding a threshold and an increase in the angular drift rate occur at the anomaly location, it indicates that both thermal and aerosol interference are present and significantly impact the dynamic quality of the beam. A single interference type cannot fully explain the observed anomaly.

[0106] The determination of compound interference avoids simplifying the complex multi-factor impact into a single factor, ensuring that subsequent analysis and response measures for interference factors are more targeted.

[0107] A single factor may not be sufficient to explain all observed phenomena, and comprehensive consideration of different types of environmental disturbance factors can reveal their interactions and cumulative effects.

[0108] The parameters involved in the above formula are all dimensionless and calculated numerically. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0109] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0111] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0112] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0113] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing an intelligent laser, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Start the laser to be tested to emit a light beam, gradually increase the emission power and monitor the optical power fluctuation amplitude in real time. If the optical power fluctuation amplitude exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the laser itself is faulty. When it is determined that the laser itself is not faulty, a high-resolution array detector is arranged along the beam propagation path from a position close to the laser to a position far away from the laser, and a complete sequence of light spot images with a time stamp is output; Synchronously collect and record the temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data around the beam along the beam propagation path; Based on the spot image sequence, the drift direction and drift speed of the beam direction angle are determined by the change of the center position of the spot in the continuous image; Based on the spot image sequence, the energy distribution is analyzed by the spot image at each position to obtain the energy uniformity along the beam propagation path; Abnormal locations are identified based on changes in drift direction, drift speed, and energy uniformity along the beam propagation path. The temperature gradient distribution data and air particle concentration data at the abnormal locations are correlated and compared with the normal environmental parameter database to determine the main environmental interference factors that lead to the degradation of the dynamic quality of the beam.

2. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of monitoring the optical power fluctuation amplitude are as follows: Control the laser to be tested to gradually increase the transmission power from the initial power according to the set power step; An optical power meter is fixedly installed at the laser light outlet to capture and record the optical power data in real time. Divide the continuous optical power monitoring period into a preset time period to form a dynamically updated time window, and determine the maximum and minimum optical power values ​​for the optical power data collected in each time window; Calculate the absolute difference between the maximum optical power value and the minimum optical power value in the same time window as the optical power fluctuation amplitude value corresponding to the time window; The optical power fluctuation amplitude values ​​calculated in each time window are output in chronological order to form a real-time updated fluctuation amplitude monitoring sequence.

3. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 1, wherein: The specific contents of the arrangement of the high-resolution area array detector are as follows: Lay a straight track along the direction of beam propagation, with the starting position being the reference measurement point closest to the laser light outlet and the ending position being the boundary point of the maximum test range away from the laser; Set a positioning reference point at the starting end of the track, install a single high-resolution area array detector on a stage that can slide along the track, and adjust the stage so that the center of the detector's photosensitive surface is aligned with the beam propagation axis at the reference point; The stage is controlled to move in a preset position sequence. After completing the spot image acquisition at each target position, it moves to the next position in a straight line along the track. The minimum spacing between adjacent positions is greater than the beam spot diameter at the current position.

4. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 3, wherein: The specific steps for obtaining the temperature gradient distribution data are as follows: An auxiliary track is laid parallel to the linear track, and an infrared thermal imager that can slide along the auxiliary track is installed. The optical axis of the thermal imager is coplanar with the beam propagation axis and forms a fixed angle with it. When the stage moves to the preset measurement position, the thermal imager is controlled to move to the corresponding position synchronously; When the high-resolution area array detector is triggered, the infrared thermal imager is turned on at the same time, and a thermal imaging temperature distribution map with the same time stamp is output.

5. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the air particulate matter concentration data are as follows: When the stage is fixed at a preset measurement position, the particle concentration sensor is controlled to move to the vertical projection point of the light beam axis corresponding to the position; At the same time when the high-resolution area array detector and infrared thermal imager are triggered, continuous air sampling is performed synchronously, and the instantaneous values ​​of the particle concentration in the horizontal and vertical directions of the position are output in real time.

6. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drift direction of the beam direction angle is specifically as follows: The detector imaging plane coordinate system is established with the upper left corner of the continuous spot image with a time stamp at a single measurement position as the coordinate origin, and the geometric center coordinates of the spot of each frame image are calculated by the grayscale weighted first-order moment; Arrange the geometric center coordinates of the light spot of multiple consecutive frames of images at the same position in chronological order to form the time series data of the light spot center displacement at that position; According to the time series data of the light spot center displacement, the coordinates of the light spot center at adjacent time points are differentially calculated in the detector imaging plane coordinate system to form the displacement vector between adjacent frames; Calculate the algebraic mean of the horizontal and vertical components of all displacement vectors within a preset time period; The horizontal and vertical drift directions of the light beam are determined according to the positive and negative signs of the average values ​​of the horizontal and vertical components; The combination of the horizontal drift direction and the vertical drift direction outputs the drift direction of the beam direction angle in the spatial coordinate system.

7. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific content of the drift speed is as follows: According to the time stamp of the spot image, the time interval between adjacent frames is obtained by subtracting the time stamp of the next frame from the time stamp of the previous frame, and the arithmetic mean of the time intervals between adjacent frames corresponding to all displacement vectors is taken to obtain the average time interval; Replacing the number averages of the horizontal and vertical components respectively to obtain the horizontal average displacement and the vertical average displacement; The horizontal and vertical drift velocities are obtained by dividing the average displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions by the average time interval; The module length of the drift velocity vector composed of the horizontal drift velocity and the vertical drift velocity is recorded as the drift velocity.

8. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the energy uniformity along the beam propagation path are as follows: Extracting the full-frame pixel grayscale value based on the detector imaging plane coordinate system for each single-frame spot image with a time stamp; Determine the grayscale value distribution range within the effective coverage area of ​​the light spot in the frame image based on the extracted grayscale value, and count the percentage of pixels whose grayscale values ​​fall into the preset high-energy range; Traverse the spot images of all measurement positions on the beam propagation path, arrange the pixel count ratios corresponding to each position in order of spatial position, and form a sequence of energy distribution characteristic values ​​along the propagation path; Based on the change in the ratio of the number of pixels between adjacent positions in the energy distribution characteristic value sequence, an energy uniformity change curve on the beam propagation path is output.

9. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of identifying abnormal positions based on changes in drift direction, drift speed, and energy uniformity along the beam propagation path are as follows: Arrange the measurement position points of all high-resolution area array detectors in the order of their spatial positions in the direction of beam propagation to form an orderly position sequence from close to the laser to far away from the laser; Extract the beam angular drift direction, drift velocity and energy distribution characteristic value at each measurement position; When the drift direction changes and the drift velocity modulus increases, the energy distribution characteristic value decreases by more than the preset threshold and the drift velocity modulus increases simultaneously, or when several consecutive measurement positions show that the drift direction continues to change in the same direction and the energy distribution characteristic value decreases point by point, it is marked as an abnormal position candidate point; The marked abnormal position candidate points are associated with their spatial coordinates on the beam propagation path, and the final identified abnormal position set and the corresponding parameter abnormality type are output.

10. The intelligent laser testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main environmental interference factors that lead to the degradation of the dynamic quality of the beam are specifically determined as follows: Compare the temperature gradient data of the abnormal position with the standard temperature gradient distribution range point by point, mark the abnormal temperature gradient area that exceeds the standard range, and similarly mark the direction and magnitude of the concentration that exceeds the standard; According to the marked temperature gradient anomaly area, the direction and magnitude of the particulate matter concentration exceeding the standard, they are mapped to the preset thermal disturbance interference type classification table and aerosol interference type classification table to determine the thermal disturbance type and aerosol disturbance type; When there is only a single type of interference, this interference type is directly determined to be the main environmental interference factor; When thermal interference and aerosol interference exist at the same time, if the energy uniformity of the abnormal position on the beam propagation path decreases and exceeds the uniformity threshold, the aerosol interference type is preferentially determined as the main environmental interference factor; If the abnormal position on the beam propagation path is accompanied by an increase in the beam direction angular drift speed, the thermal interference type is preferentially determined to be the main environmental interference factor; If the abnormal position simultaneously meets the conditions that the energy uniformity decreases beyond the uniformity threshold and the beam direction angular drift speed increases, or it is impossible to distinguish between the primary and secondary, it is determined to be a combination of complex environmental interference factors.

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