A method for rapidly predicting the thickness of the lining of a converter during the smelting process

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for rapidly predicting the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting, belonging to the field of iron and steel metallurgical technology. It calculates the thickness using a formula based on the number of smelting furnaces and the final oxygen content of the molten steel. When the final oxygen content of the converter is greater than or equal to the standard final oxygen content, the calculation formula is H... x =H s -n*ln(O1-O s )|O1-O S | ‑1 (O1-O) S )+k; When the oxygen content at the converter endpoint is less than the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions, the calculation formula is H x =H s -n*ln(O s -O1)|O1-O S | ‑1 (O1-O) S Hx + k; where Hx is the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting, in mm; H s O is the original thickness of the converter lining, in mm; n is the number of smelting furnaces; O1 is the oxygen content at the converter endpoint, in ppm; O s The oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions is expressed in ppm; k is a correction factor. This invention can measure the thickness of the furnace lining at different locations during the converter smelting process online.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of iron and steel metallurgy technology, and in particular relates to a method for rapidly predicting the thickness of the furnace lining during converter smelting. Background Technology

[0002] The converter lining is a crucial component in converter steelmaking, directly impacting steelmaking efficiency, production costs, equipment lifespan, and steel quality. Converter lining thickness is one of the core control parameters of the steelmaking process, and its optimal range requires precise management through thickness measurement technology, slag splashing protection, and dynamic maintenance models. Optimizing lining thickness not only ensures safe production and process stability but also reduces refractory material costs and extends furnace life, making it key to improving the overall efficiency of steelmaking.

[0003] In modern steelmaking processes, timely and accurate monitoring of furnace lining thickness is crucial for ensuring the success of converter steelmaking and is a critical issue for every steel plant. However, converter lining measurement is a complex process, and the online measurement environment is harsh, requiring operators to endure intense heat, which threatens their health. Therefore, finding a way to quickly monitor changes in furnace lining thickness while minimizing the workload has been a constant goal for industry professionals.

[0004] Patent application number 202411046702.3 provides an online monitoring system and method for furnace lining loss, establishing an online monitoring system through data analysis and sensor measurement; patent application number CN202311821110.X provides a furnace lining thickness measuring device and measurement and maintenance method, improving measurement efficiency by optimizing traditional thickness measuring equipment. Both of these existing technologies improve equipment to achieve online measurement or monitoring of furnace lining thickness, but neither fundamentally solves the problems of long measurement times and harsh environments in converter furnace linings. Furthermore, equipment innovation increases steelmaking costs, impacting the overall profitability of steel plants. Therefore, considering all factors, neither of these methods is the optimal choice.

[0005] During converter smelting, the addition of raw materials and auxiliary materials, erosion by molten steel, and slag penetration all cause changes in the furnace lining thickness. These changes directly affect the safe and stable production of steelmaking and also have a direct impact on the quality of the molten steel. In actual operation, steelmaking personnel typically observe changes in the furnace lining visually between heats. When significant wear is detected, the converter is shut down, and online measurements are taken using a laser thickness gauge to accurately grasp the changes in the lining thickness at different locations within the converter. However, measuring the converter lining thickness requires multiple measurements at different locations within the converter to comprehensively understand the changes in lining thickness across the entire converter. This not only consumes a significant amount of time but also requires workers to endure the intense heat, threatening their physical and mental health. Therefore, how to accurately predict converter lining thickness using smelting data, saving measurement time and reducing manual labor, is a technical challenge that needs to be addressed in the current steelmaking technology field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly predicting the thickness of the furnace lining during converter smelting, which can timely and effectively understand the changes in the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts during converter smelting, and provide technical support for converter lining maintenance and smooth production.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for rapidly predicting the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting is obtained by calculating the thickness using the following formula, based on the number of smelting furnaces and the final oxygen content of the molten steel.

[0009] When the oxygen content at the converter endpoint is greater than or equal to the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions, the formula for calculating the furnace lining thickness is:

[0010] H x =H s -n*ln(O1-O s )|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k;

[0011] When the oxygen content at the converter endpoint is less than the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions, the formula for calculating the furnace lining thickness is:

[0012] H x =H s -n*ln(O s -O1)|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k;

[0013] In the formula, Hx represents the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting, in mm; H sO represents the initial thickness of the converter lining, in mm; n represents the number of smelting furnaces; O1 represents the final oxygen content at the converter endpoint, in ppm; O s The oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions is expressed in ppm; k is a correction factor, which is 40 mm when calculating the lining thickness of the furnace bottom and hearth, and 30 mm when calculating the lining thickness of the furnace cap and body.

[0014] Furthermore, the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions described in this invention refers to the value determined by calculation based on heat, oxygen, and material balance under ideal conditions for the converter equipment and process parameters. The calculation method is a well-known technique in the field.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows:

[0016] Compared to the conventional method of directly using lidar to measure converter lining thickness, which is time-consuming, difficult, and inefficient, this invention takes a unique approach. By performing regression analysis on various factors affecting the lining and establishing optimal prediction parameters, it provides data that is closer to reality, laying the foundation for online monitoring of lining thickness and smooth steelmaking production.

[0017] This invention enables online measurement of furnace lining thickness during converter smelting, and can be applied on a large scale in steelmaking. It is simple to operate and produces stable results. Compared to traditional steelmaking processes, this invention effectively reflects the changing patterns of the converter lining, laying the foundation for lining maintenance, improving steelmaking control, and bringing significant social and economic benefits. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] To better illustrate the present invention, further examples are provided below.

[0020] In each embodiment, the calculation formula for the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting is as follows:

[0021] When the oxygen content at the converter endpoint is greater than or equal to the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions, the calculation formula is:

[0022] H x =H s -n*ln(O1-O s )|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k;

[0023] When the oxygen content at the converter endpoint is less than the oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions, the calculation formula is:

[0024] H x =H s -n*ln(O s -O1)|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k;

[0025] In the formula, Hx represents the furnace lining thickness during converter smelting, in mm; H s O represents the initial thickness of the converter lining, in mm; n represents the number of smelting furnaces; O1 represents the final oxygen content at the converter endpoint, in ppm; O s The oxygen content at the converter endpoint under standard conditions is expressed in ppm; k is a correction factor, which is 40 mm when calculating the lining thickness of the furnace bottom and hearth, and 30 mm when calculating the lining thickness of the furnace cap and body.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment is a 120-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 720 mm; furnace body section: 830 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1130 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0028] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge, and the actual thickness was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 1

[0030]

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment is a 100-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 750 mm; furnace body section: 850 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1200 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0033] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge to obtain the actual thickness. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 2

[0035]

[0036] Example 3

[0037] This embodiment is a 180-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 700 mm; furnace body section: 800 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1100 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0038] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge to obtain the actual thickness. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0039] Table 3. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 3

[0040]

[0041] Example 4

[0042] The original lining thickness of the 260-ton converter is as follows: furnace cap cone section: 780 mm; furnace body section: 880 mm; furnace hearth section: 1150 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0043] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge to obtain the actual thickness. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0044] Table 4. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 4

[0045]

[0046] Example 5

[0047] This embodiment is a 120-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 720 mm; furnace body section: 830 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1130 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0048] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining at different locations under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining at different locations of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge, and the actual thickness was obtained. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0049] The steel grade smelted in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1, and the reaction effects during the smelting process are different, resulting in different actual final oxygen content.

[0050] Table 5. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 5

[0051]

[0052] Example 6

[0053] This embodiment is a 100-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 750 mm; furnace body section: 850 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1200 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0054] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge to obtain the actual thickness. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0055] The steel grade smelted in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 2, and the reaction effects during the smelting process are different, resulting in different actual endpoint oxygen content.

[0056] Table 6. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 6

[0057]

[0058] Example 7

[0059] This embodiment is a 180-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 700 mm; furnace body section: 800 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1100 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0060] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining in different parts under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining in different parts of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge, and the actual thickness was obtained. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0061] The steel grade smelted in this embodiment is different from that in Example 3, and the reaction effects during the smelting process are different, resulting in different actual final oxygen content.

[0062] Table 7. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 7

[0063]

[0064] Example 8

[0065] This embodiment is a 260-ton converter with the following original lining thicknesses: furnace cap cone section: 780 mm; furnace body section: 880 mm; furnace cylinder section: 1150 mm; furnace bottom thickness: 1000 mm.

[0066] The converter steelmaking process was tracked, and the thickness of the furnace lining at different locations under different operating conditions was predicted. The thickness of the furnace lining at different locations of the converter was measured using a thickness gauge, and the actual thickness was obtained. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0067] The steel grade smelted in this embodiment is different from that in Example 4, and the reaction effects during the smelting process are different, resulting in different actual final oxygen content.

[0068] Table 8. Predicted and Actual Measurement Results of Converter Lining in Example 8

[0069]

[0070] As can be seen from Tables 1-8, for the changes in converter lining, by monitoring smelting data such as the final oxygen content, the formula predicts the lining thickness at different locations. The error between the predicted and actual results is controlled within ±5mm, which is highly reliable and truly reflects the changing pattern of the lining.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly predicting the thickness of the lining of a converter during the smelting process, characterized in that, According to the number of smelting furnaces and the oxygen content at the end point of molten steel, the thickness of the furnace lining is calculated by the following formula: When the oxygen content at the end point of the converter is greater than or equal to the standard oxygen content at the end point of the converter, the formula for calculating the thickness of the furnace lining is: H x =H s -n*ln(O1-O s )|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k; When the oxygen content at the end point of the converter is less than the standard oxygen content at the end point of the converter, the formula for calculating the thickness of the furnace lining is: H x =H s -n*ln(O s -O1)|O1-O S | -1 (O1-O S )+k; In the formula, Hx is the thickness of the lining of the converter during the smelting process, in mm; H s is the original thickness of the lining of the converter, in mm; n is the number of smelting furnaces; O1 is the oxygen content at the end point of the converter, in ppm; O s is the oxygen content at the end point of the converter under standard conditions, in ppm; k is a correction coefficient, which is 40 mm when calculating the thickness of the lining of the bottom and the shell of the converter, and is 30 mm when calculating the thickness of the lining of the cap and the shell of the converter.

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