Die for flange hole of marine crankshaft and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to a mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole and a machining method, the mold comprises a mold main body, a guide sleeve and a connecting assembly, the end faces of the two sides of the mold main body are each provided with a round concave part, one concave part is matched with a crankshaft splicing end flange, and the other concave part is matched with a hull shafting flange in shape; a through hole corresponding to the flange connecting hole in position is formed in the bottom surface of the sunken part; a middle sleeve is sleeved in the through hole; the guide sleeve is in a step-shaped hollow cylinder shape, and a center hole of the guide sleeve is matched with the pre-machining size of a flange connecting hole. The diameter of the first end of the guide sleeve is larger than that of the middle sleeve, and the second end is matched with the inner diameter of the middle sleeve and can be inserted into the middle sleeve from any side end face of the mold body; and the connecting assembly is used for embedding and fixing the flange in the sunken part through the through hole. The machining method has the advantages that the double-sided die is adopted as a machining reference in the machining process of the flange connecting holes of the crankshaft flange and the shafting flange, and the machined crankshaft flange and the ship body shafting flange can be directly fixed in a butt joint mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During manufacturing, the crankshaft's output flange connection holes and the hull shafting flange connection holes are semi-finished with required allowances. Finally, after assembly and alignment in the shipyard, the two connection holes are simultaneously reamed and finished, ensuring the coaxiality of the flanges at both ends. Limited space in the shipyard and the large dimensions of the crankshaft and shafting flanges make alignment difficult. Furthermore, high-precision large-scale equipment cannot be used, and only simple equipment can be used for reaming. This results in low processing efficiency and a significant waste of manpower and material resources. Furthermore, hole accuracy cannot be effectively guaranteed, and refined bolts must be added after the holes are fully finished, extending the production cycle.

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose is to address the shortcomings of the existing technical structure. The present invention proposes a mold and a processing method for a marine crankshaft flange hole, and the mold is used as a processing reference during the processing of the flange connection holes of the crankshaft flange and the shafting flange.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention first provides a mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole, which is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole, characterized in that the mold comprises:

[0007] A flat mold body, with circular recessed portions provided on both side end surfaces. The two recessed portions are coaxially arranged, and one recessed portion is shaped to fit the crankshaft splicing end flange to be processed for embedding, while the other recessed portion is shaped to fit the hull shaft flange to be processed for embedding; through holes are provided on the bottom surfaces of the recessed portions corresponding to the flange connection holes of the flange blank to be processed; intermediate sleeves are provided in the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes and have an interference fit therewith;

[0008] A plurality of guide sleeves are in the form of stepped hollow cylinders, the center holes of which match the pre-machined dimensions of the flange connection holes of the flanges to be machined; the first ends of the guide sleeves have a larger diameter than the intermediate sleeve, the second ends have an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve, and the guide sleeves can be inserted into the intermediate sleeve from any end face of the mold body; when inserted into the intermediate sleeve, the guide sleeves can be locked relative to the intermediate sleeve by a locking mechanism;

[0009] A plurality of connecting components are used to embed and fix the flange to be processed into the circular recessed portion through part of the through holes.

[0010] Both ends of the intermediate sleeve are respectively provided with a protruding portion along the circumference thereof, and an inclined groove is provided on the inner side of the protruding portion. The inclined groove has a vertical end face perpendicular to the central axis of the intermediate sleeve, and an inclined guide surface inclined from the bottom end of the vertical end face toward the center of the end of the intermediate sleeve; an eccentric annular segment is also formed between the first end and the second end of the guide sleeve, and the outer side surface of the relatively narrow part of the tube wall of the eccentric annular segment is matched with the inclined guide surface of the protruding portion, so that when the guide sleeve is inserted into the intermediate sleeve and rotated, the eccentric annular segment can be stuck in the inclined groove of the protruding portion and relatively lock the guide sleeve and the intermediate sleeve.

[0011] An annular groove is formed on the circumferential surface of the first end of the guide sleeve, and a screw hole is provided on the outer periphery of the through hole of the circular recess for installing a bolt whose head can be partially embedded in the groove, thereby locking the guide sleeve in the intermediate sleeve.

[0012] The connecting assembly includes a stud and two pressure plates. The stud can pass through the flange connecting hole of the flange to be processed and the through hole, and its two ends pass through a pressure plate respectively and are tightened by nuts so that the two pressure plates press the flange to be processed and fix it on the mold body.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for processing a marine crankshaft flange hole, which is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0014] A method for machining a flange hole of a marine crankshaft, using the mold described above, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Select one of the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the hull shaft flange as the flange to be processed;

[0016] S2. Embed the flange to be processed into the recessed portion on the corresponding side of the mold; and use at least four connecting components to fix the flange to be processed into the recessed portion of the mold through the through hole of the mold;

[0017] S3. Install a guide sleeve in one of the through holes that does not have a connecting component installed, and lock the guide sleeve in the middle sleeve of the through hole through a locking mechanism; use a tool with a flexible drive shaft on a boring machine to pass through the middle hole of the guide sleeve fixed in step S2, and use the middle hole of the guide sleeve as a reference to machine the flange connection hole to be machined until the design requirements are met;

[0018] S4. Remove the guide sleeve at the location where S3 has been processed, and install the connecting assembly at the corresponding processed flange connecting hole and through hole; then remove the connecting assembly at the through hole where the connecting assembly is installed, which is adjacent to the currently processed hole;

[0019] and repeating step S3 to successively process the flange connection holes to be processed corresponding to the through holes where the connection components are not installed and the through holes where the connection components are removed, until all the flange connection holes to be processed of the flanges selected in step S1 are completed;

[0020] S5. Select the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the remaining other one of the hull shafting flanges as the flange to be processed, and repeat steps S2-S4 until all flange connection holes of the flange to be processed selected in step S5 are completed.

[0021] The number of connection components used in step S2 is 4 to n / 2 (including the endpoint values), and is evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange blank to be processed, where n is the number of flange connection holes of the flange to be processed.

[0022] As can be seen from the above scheme, the present invention ensures the benchmark uniformity of the crankshaft flange and the shaft system flange through the coaxial recessed parts on both sides of the mold body; the replaceable intermediate sleeve design solves the problem of mold wear; and the alternating fixation-processing steps eliminate cumulative errors.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] A double-sided mold is used as a processing reference during the processing of the flange connection holes of the crankshaft flange and the shaft flange. One side of the mold matches the shape of the crankshaft flange, and the other side matches the shape of the shaft flange. The position of the through hole used for positioning is determined. In this way, the crankshaft flange and the hull shaft flange can be directly docked and fixed after processing. It is no longer necessary to assemble and align them in the cabin and then process them. This reduces the difficulty of the simultaneous hinge processing of the two and significantly improves the processing efficiency and product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above features and advantages of the present invention will become more clear and easily understood through the following description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mold of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mold according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 4 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mold in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram;

[0031] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide sleeve in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA section view;

[0033] Figure 8 2 is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate sleeve in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 1 is a side view of the guide sleeve in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hull shaft flange structure;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the crankshaft structure;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crankshaft splicing end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0043] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0044] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0045] Example 1, see Figure 1-3 , as shown in 10-12, this embodiment 1 provides a mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole, the mold comprising:

[0046] Mold body 1

[0047] The mold body 1 is roughly in the shape of a circular flat plate, and a lifting lug 11 is provided on its outer edge for easy lifting. A circular recessed portion 12 is provided on one end face of the mold body 1, and a circular recessed portion 13 is provided on the other opposite side. Both the recessed portion 12 and the recessed portion 13 are cylindrical, and a tapered opening is provided at the opening to facilitate the flange to be guided into them. The recessed portion 12 and the recessed portion 13 are coaxially arranged, and the recessed portion 12 matches the shape of the crankshaft splicing end flange to be processed and enables it to be embedded therein; the recessed portion 13 matches the shape of the hull shaft system flange to be processed and enables it to be embedded therein. The side walls of the recessed portion 12 and the recessed portion 13 are both circumferential surfaces, which can position the flange to be processed.

[0048] The mold body 1 is provided with a through hole 14 on the bottom surface of the recessed portion 12 corresponding to the flange connection hole position of the flange blank to be processed. Since the recessed portion 12 and the recessed portion 13 are coaxial, the through hole 14 can also correspond to the flange hole position of the recessed portion 13.

[0049] The through holes 14 are provided with intermediate sleeves 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the intermediate sleeves 2 and the through holes 14 are interference fit.

[0050] Guide sleeve 3

[0051] There are multiple guide sleeves 3 , which are in the shape of stepped hollow cylinders, and the center holes thereof match the pre-processed dimensions of the flange connection holes of the flange to be processed.

[0052] The first end diameter of the guide sleeve 3 is larger than the intermediate sleeve 2 , and the second end outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve 2 and can be inserted into the intermediate sleeve 2 from any side end surface of the mold body 1 .

[0053] When the guide sleeve 3 is inserted into the intermediate sleeve 2 , it can be locked relative to the intermediate sleeve 2 by a locking mechanism.

[0054] In this embodiment 1, an annular groove portion 31 is formed on the circumferential surface of the first end of the guide sleeve 3, and screw holes 15 are provided on the outer periphery of the through hole 14 of both the recessed portion 12 and the recessed portion 13. The screw holes 15 are used to install bolts 16. When the bolts 16 are screwed into the screw holes 15, their heads can be partially embedded in the groove portion 31, thereby locking the guide sleeve 3 in the intermediate sleeve 2. During installation, the heads of the bolts 16 can first be embedded in the groove portion 31, and then the guide sleeve 3 can be inserted into the intermediate sleeve 2. After the screw shaft of the bolt 16 and the screw hole 15 are aligned, the bolt 16 is screwed in until the bolts are fully tightened and the guide sleeve 3 is pressed against the bottom surface of the recessed portion.

[0055] It's important to note that the mold body 1 and guide sleeve 3 are made of a metal material with a high surface hardness and good wear resistance, while the intermediate sleeve 2 is made of a metal material with a lower surface hardness. The intermediate sleeve protects the through-holes of the mold body 1. When the intermediate sleeve exceeds the required precision, it is removed and replaced with a new one through a red sleeve. This allows for multiple recycling, extending the life of the mold body. In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate sleeve 2 is made of 9CrWMn with a surface hardness of HRC 58-64.

[0056] Connecting Components

[0057] The connecting assembly is used to insert and secure the flange to be processed into the recessed portion through a portion of the through-hole. In this embodiment 1, the connecting assembly includes a stud and two pressure plates. The stud can pass through the flange connection hole and through-hole of the flange to be processed, and each end of the stud passes through a pressure plate. Nuts are used to tighten the two pressure plates, so that the two pressure plates press the flange to be processed firmly onto the mold body. Because this screw and pressure plate clamping method is a common technical means in the industry, it is omitted in the figure.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] The difference between the present embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the locking mechanism structure adopted when the guide sleeve 3 is inserted into the intermediate sleeve 2 is different.

[0060] See also Figure 4-9 As shown, each end of the intermediate sleeve 2 is provided with a protrusion 21 extending outward along its circumference. The protrusion 21 has an arcuate cross-section and an inclined groove on its inner side. The inclined groove has a vertical end surface 211 perpendicular to the central axis of the intermediate sleeve 2, and an inclined guide surface 212 that gradually slopes from the bottom end of the vertical end surface 211 toward the center of the end of the intermediate sleeve 2. The vertical end surface 211 is flush with the end surface of the intermediate sleeve 2, and the outermost edge of the inclined guide surface 212 does not extend beyond the inner wall of the intermediate sleeve 2.

[0061] An eccentric annular segment 32 is also formed between the first end and the second end of the guide sleeve 3. The outer side surface of the relatively narrow part of the tube wall of the eccentric annular segment 32 cooperates with the shape of the inclined guide surface 212, so that when the guide sleeve 3 is inserted into the intermediate sleeve 2 and rotated, the eccentric annular segment 32 can be stuck in the inclined groove and relatively lock the guide sleeve 3 and the intermediate sleeve 2.

[0062] The use of this locking structure makes it easy for operators to quickly disassemble and assemble the guide sleeve 3 during operation, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for machining a flange hole of a marine crankshaft, using the mold described above, and comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1. Select one of the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the hull shaft flange as the flange to be processed;

[0066] S2. Insert the flange to be processed into the recessed portion on the corresponding side of the mold; then secure the flange to be processed in the recessed portion of the mold using a connecting assembly through the through-holes of the mold. In this step, the number of connecting assemblies ranges from 4 to n / 2 and is evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange blank to be processed, where n is the number of flange connection holes in the flange to be processed. In a preferred embodiment, the number of connecting assemblies is 4 and is distributed in a cross pattern.

[0067] S3. Install a guide sleeve in one of the through holes that does not have a connecting component installed, and lock the guide sleeve in the middle sleeve of the through hole through a locking mechanism; use a tool with a flexible drive shaft on a boring machine to pass through the middle hole of the guide sleeve fixed in step S2, and use the middle hole of the guide sleeve as a reference to machine the flange connection hole to be machined until the design requirements are met;

[0068] S4. Remove the guide sleeve at the location where S3 has been processed, and install the connecting assembly at the corresponding processed flange connecting hole and through hole; then remove the connecting assembly at the through hole where the connecting assembly is installed, which is adjacent to the currently processed hole;

[0069] and repeating step S3 to successively process the flange connection holes to be processed corresponding to the through holes where the connection components are not installed and the through holes where the connection components are removed, until all the flange connection holes to be processed of the flanges selected in step S1 are completed;

[0070] S5. Select the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the remaining other one of the hull shafting flanges as the flange to be processed, and repeat steps S2-S4 until all flange connection holes of the flange to be processed selected in step S5 are completed.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] A double-sided mold is used as a processing reference during the processing of the flange connection holes of the crankshaft flange and the shaft flange. One side of the mold matches the shape of the crankshaft flange, and the other side matches the shape of the shaft flange. The position of the through hole used for positioning is determined. In this way, the crankshaft flange and the hull shaft flange can be directly docked and fixed after processing. It is no longer necessary to assemble and align them in the cabin and then process them. This reduces the difficulty of the simultaneous hinge processing of the two and significantly improves the processing efficiency and product quality.

[0073] The crankshaft flange and the hull shaft flange can be directly docked and fixed, and no longer need to be assembled and aligned in the cabin and then processed, which reduces the difficulty of the simultaneous hinge processing of the two and significantly improves processing efficiency and product quality.

[0074] The above embodiments describe in detail the inventive intent and implementation methods of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Due to space limitations, not all implementation methods are listed here. Any implementation that can embody the technical solutions of the claims of the present invention is within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole, characterized in that: The mold comprises: A flat mold body, with circular recessed portions provided on both side end surfaces. The two recessed portions are coaxially arranged, and one recessed portion is shaped to fit the crankshaft splicing end flange to be processed for embedding, while the other recessed portion is shaped to fit the hull shaft flange to be processed for embedding; through holes are provided on the bottom surfaces of the recessed portions corresponding to the flange connection holes of the flange blank to be processed; intermediate sleeves are provided in the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes and have an interference fit therewith; A plurality of guide sleeves are in the form of stepped hollow cylinders, the center holes of which match the pre-machined dimensions of the flange connection holes of the flanges to be machined; the first ends of the guide sleeves have a larger diameter than the intermediate sleeve, the second ends have an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the intermediate sleeve, and the guide sleeves can be inserted into the intermediate sleeve from any end face of the mold body; when inserted into the intermediate sleeve, the guide sleeves can be locked relative to the intermediate sleeve by a locking mechanism; A plurality of connecting components are used to embed and fix the flange to be processed into the circular recessed portion through part of the through holes.

2. The mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the intermediate sleeve are respectively provided with a protruding portion along the circumference thereof, and an inclined groove is provided on the inner side of the protruding portion. The inclined groove has a vertical end face perpendicular to the central axis of the intermediate sleeve, and an inclined guide surface inclined from the bottom end of the vertical end face toward the center of the end of the intermediate sleeve; an eccentric annular segment is also formed between the first end and the second end of the guide sleeve, and the outer side surface of the relatively narrow part of the tube wall of the eccentric annular segment is matched with the inclined guide surface of the protruding portion, so that when the guide sleeve is inserted into the intermediate sleeve and rotated, the eccentric annular segment can be stuck in the inclined groove of the protruding portion and relatively lock the guide sleeve and the intermediate sleeve.

3. The mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove is formed on the circumferential surface of the first end of the guide sleeve, and a screw hole is provided on the outer periphery of the through hole of the circular recess for installing a bolt whose head can be partially embedded in the groove, thereby locking the guide sleeve in the intermediate sleeve.

4. The mold for a marine crankshaft flange hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a stud and two pressure plates. The stud can pass through the flange connecting hole of the flange to be processed and the through hole, and its two ends pass through a pressure plate respectively and are tightened by nuts so that the two pressure plates press the flange to be processed and fix it on the mold body.

5. A method for processing a flange hole of a marine crankshaft, characterized in that: Using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: S1. Select one of the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the hull shaft flange as the flange to be processed; S2. Embed the flange to be processed into the recessed portion on the corresponding side of the mold; and use at least four connecting components to fix the flange to be processed into the recessed portion of the mold through the through hole of the mold; S3. Install a guide sleeve in one of the through holes that does not have a connecting component installed, and lock the guide sleeve in the middle sleeve of the through hole through a locking mechanism; use a tool with a flexible drive shaft on a boring machine to pass through the middle hole of the guide sleeve fixed in step S2, and use the middle hole of the guide sleeve as a reference to machine the flange connection hole to be machined until the design requirements are met; S4. Remove the guide sleeve at the location where S3 has been completed, and install the connecting assembly at the corresponding processed flange connecting hole and through hole; then remove the connecting assembly at the through hole where the connecting assembly has been installed; and repeating step S3 to successively process the flange connection holes to be processed corresponding to the through holes where the connection components are not installed and the through holes where the connection components are removed, until all the flange connection holes to be processed of the flanges selected in step S1 are completed; S5. Select the crankshaft splicing end flange blank or the remaining other one of the hull shafting flanges as the flange to be processed, and repeat steps S2-S4 until all flange connection holes of the flange to be processed selected in step S5 are completed.

6. The method for machining a flange hole of a marine crankshaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of connection components used in step S2 is 4 to n / 2, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange blank to be processed, where n is the number of flange connection holes of the flange to be processed.

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