Detachable sleeper, track plate and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a detachable sleeper, a rail slab and an installation method.The sleeper comprises a body, the shape and size of the section of the body are matched with the shape and size of the section of an installation groove in the top face of a roadbed slab, and the height of the body is smaller than that of the roadbed slab; first connecting parts are arranged on the two opposite side faces of the body in the length direction of the body, the positions of the first connecting parts are lower than the top face of the body, second connecting parts are correspondingly arranged on the two opposite side walls of the mounting groove, the first connecting parts can be in sliding fit with the second connecting parts, and the axial direction of the mounting groove is transversely arranged along a line. One end of the mounting groove penetrates through the side face of the roadbed slab, a threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the other end of the mounting groove, a through hole is formed in the body in the length direction, the through hole and the threaded hole are connected through a screw to assemble the body and the roadbed slab, and the body is used for supporting a single steel rail. The sleeper is flexible and convenient to install and low in replacement cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a detachable rail sleeper, a rail plate and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] The track structure is the fundamental infrastructure of rail transit systems, directly supporting and guiding train movement. The roadbed is a crucial component of this structure, and ballastless roadbeds are a type of trackbed that are widely used due to their high stability, durability, precision, and minimal maintenance. Generally speaking, ballastless roadbeds are constructed by prefabricating or on-site casting the entire roadbed and sleeper structure using concrete. The sleepers are tightly bonded to the roadbed concrete, making adjustment and modification of the sleepers extremely difficult and costly.

[0003] With the rapid development of rail transit, the multi-dimensional performance requirements for ballastless trackbeds are becoming increasingly stringent. First, they must be highly adaptable to complex spatial line geometries; second, they must be highly maintainable when the line's geometric condition deteriorates; and third, they must be able to eliminate the need to remove the trackbed when defects, particularly the sleepers, occur, preventing disruption to normal track operation. Therefore, the development of a novel sleeper and track slab structure and installation method is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of insufficient maintainability of ballastless track bed in the prior art and difficulty in repair when defects occur, and to provide a detachable sleeper, track plate and installation method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: In the first aspect, a detachable sleeper is provided, comprising a main body, the cross-sectional shape and size of the main body are respectively adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting groove on the top surface of the track bed plate, the height of the main body is smaller than the height of the track bed plate, the main body is provided with a first connecting portion on two opposite side surfaces along its length direction, the position of the first connecting portion is lower than the top surface of the main body, and second connecting portions are correspondingly provided on two opposite side walls of the mounting groove, the first connecting portion can be slidably matched with the second connecting portion, the axial direction of the mounting groove is arranged transversely along the line, one end of the mounting groove passes through the side surface of the track bed plate, and the side wall of the other end of the mounting groove is provided with a threaded hole, the main body is provided with a through hole along its length direction, the through hole and the threaded hole are connected by a screw to assemble the main body with the track bed plate, and the main body is used to support a single rail.

[0006] The sliding cooperation between the first connecting part and the second connecting part adopts the form of slide rail + slide groove. The slide rail and the slide groove are respectively arranged on the main body and the mounting groove. The two can be interchangeable. The form of the slide groove and the slide rail can be set according to actual needs, and the existing structural form can be referred to. The detachable sleeper described in the present invention has a main body whose height is less than that of the track bed plate. By adapting to the cross-sectional shape and size of the installation groove, the sleeper can be installed tightly and the bottom surface of the main body can be sufficiently flat and stable in load-bearing. The first connecting part and the second connecting part can not only realize the drawer-like sliding installation or disassembly of the sleeper, but also serve as positioning and anti-pullout structures to improve the operational reliability and safety of the detachable sleeper. The installation is carried out in conjunction with the screw to effectively realize convenient and fast installation and the operability of independent replacement and maintenance. The two rails are supported on different main bodies respectively, and the setting is more flexible, which is more suitable for the flexible and changeable design requirements and sleeper processing requirements in the cross-slope turning scenario.

[0007] In summary, the sleepers are independently set up, and the installation is flexible and convenient. The sleeper bearing surface parameters can be set differently according to the design requirements. Even if deviations occur, individual sleepers can be replaced independently. When the sleepers are defective, there is no need to remove the roadbed. The replacement cost is low and does not affect the normal operation of the track.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom width of the body is greater than the top width, and both side surfaces of the body are symmetrical inclined surfaces, thereby further increasing the vertical pull-out resistance effect.

[0009] Further preferably, the first connecting portion is a boss, and the second connecting portion is a groove.

[0010] That is, a boss is set on the main body as a slide rail, and a groove is set on the side wall of the installation groove as a slide groove, so that the arrangement position of the through hole set on the main body is more flexible, and can form a stiffening effect on the main body, ensuring the bearing capacity of the detachable sleeper, which is conducive to ensuring a certain arrangement spacing.

[0011] Further preferably, the boss is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the body with equal cross-section, the groove is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the installation slot with equal cross-section, and the outer side surface of the boss has an angle with the corresponding side surface of the body.

[0012] That is, there is an angle between the outer side of the boss and the corresponding side surface of the body where it is located, which can further limit the position in the vertical direction and reduce the impact of train vibration. The range of the angle is set according to actual needs.

[0013] Further preferably, there are two through holes, and the height of the through holes on the main body corresponds to the arrangement position of the boss, and the two through holes are respectively arranged beside the corresponding boss.

[0014] Preferably, a rail-supporting portion is provided on the top surface of the main body, and the rail-supporting portion is used to connect to the rail.

[0015] The connection method between the rail supporting part and the rail can refer to the existing form, and the structural form of the rail supporting part is set according to the fastener form.

[0016] Further preferably, the detachable sleeper is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component, and the main body and the rail-supporting part are an integrally formed component.

[0017] In a second aspect, a track plate is provided, comprising a track bed plate, wherein the track bed plate is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves arranged in pairs at intervals along its longitudinal direction, wherein the mounting grooves are used to mount a detachable sleeper as described above.

[0018] The track plate described in the present invention has each sleeper and each side sleeper as being independent, has strong adaptability to the space of the line, can set the sleeper rail surface parameters differentially according to the design requirements, and can independently replace individual sleepers even if deviations occur. Since the track bed plate is separated from the sleepers, the track bed plate can completely adopt the same structural dimensions, can be mass-produced, has high processing efficiency, high assembly efficiency, is convenient for maintenance, and has low maintenance costs.

[0019] Preferably, the roadbed slab is a reinforced concrete component, and the roadbed slab is 3-7m. In a third aspect, a sleeper construction method is provided, which is applied to a detachable sleeper as described above, and comprises the following steps: S1. Slide the main body into the installation groove from the side of the track bed; S2. Install screws to connect the body to the track bed plate.

[0020] The sleeper construction method of the present invention is quick and convenient to install, has high installation efficiency, low cost, and is easy to repair and replace.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The detachable sleepers described in the present invention are independently arranged, and are flexible and convenient to install, which facilitates flexible design and differentiated setting. Even if deviations occur, individual sleepers can be independently replaced. When sleepers are damaged, there is no need to remove the roadbed. The replacement cost is low and does not affect the normal operation of the track. It is more suitable for the flexible and changeable design requirements and sleeper processing requirements in cross-slope turning scenarios.

[0022] 2. With the track plate described in the present invention, each sleeper and each side sleeper are independent, and have strong adaptability to the space of the line. The sleeper bearing surface parameters can be set differently according to the design requirements. Even if deviations occur, individual sleepers can be replaced independently. Since the track bed plate is separated from the sleepers, the track bed plate can completely adopt the same structural dimensions, mass production, high processing efficiency, high assembly efficiency, convenient maintenance, and low maintenance cost.

[0023] 3. The sleeper construction method of the present invention is quick and convenient to install, has high installation efficiency, low cost, and is easy to repair and replace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a detachable sleeper; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detachable sleeper; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the screw; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a detachable sleeper; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the track bed plate.

[0025] Icon: 1-main body, 11-first connecting part, 12-through hole, 13-rail supporting part, 14-sleeve, 2-bed plate, 21-installation groove, 211-second connecting part, 22-threaded hole, 3-screw, 4-rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inside", and "outside", are based on the expressions of the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationship in which the invented product / device / apparatus is placed when it is conventionally used. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description of the specific embodiments to facilitate the rapid understanding of the scheme by technicians, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simply understood that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", and "parallel", and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the solution of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. in the terms are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0031] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several," "plurality," and "a number" represent at least two. It can also be any number such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or even more than nine.

[0032] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified, defined, or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "provided with," "laid," and "arranged" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections. They may be welded, riveted, bolted, threaded, or other commonly used connection methods in the art. Such connections may be mechanical, electrical, or communicative; they may be direct, indirect via an intermediate medium, or internally connected between two components.

[0033] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a detachable rail sleeper used in the present invention comprises a body 1, the cross-sectional shape and size of the body 1 are respectively adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting groove 21 on the top surface of the roadbed plate 2, the height of the body 1 is less than the height of the roadbed plate 2, the body 1 is provided with a first connecting portion 11 on both opposite side surfaces along its length direction, the position of the first connecting portion 11 is lower than the top surface of the body 1, and the two opposite side walls of the mounting groove 21 are correspondingly provided with a second connecting portion 211, the first connecting portion 11 can slide with the second connecting portion 211 Dynamic fit, the axial direction of the mounting groove 21 is arranged horizontally along the line, one end of the mounting groove 21 passes through the side of the track bed plate 2, and a threaded hole 22 is provided on the side wall of the other end of the mounting groove 21. The main body 1 is provided with a through hole 12 along its length direction. The through hole 12 and the threaded hole 22 are connected by a screw 3 to assemble the main body 1 and the track bed plate 2. The top surface of the main body 1 is provided with a rail supporting part 13, and the rail supporting part 13 is provided with a sleeve 14. The sleeve 14 extends into the main body 1 and is connected to the fastener through the sleeve 14 to connect the rail 4 to the rail supporting part 13.

[0034] For example, the cross section of the body 1 is formed into an isosceles trapezoid that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific slope is set according to actual needs. The waist position of both sides of the body 1 is provided with a first connecting portion 11, the first connecting portion 11 is a boss, the second connecting portion 211 is a groove, and the height of the boss ( Figure 2 vertical) and the width of the extension ( Figure 2 The cross-section of the boss in this embodiment is angular and has a positioning function according to actual needs and processing conditions, and the outer side surface of the boss is a vertical surface, which has an angle with the side surface (bevel) of the main body 1, which can further enhance the vertical limiting function. The angle can be set to 3-5 degrees. The boss is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the main body 1 with equal cross-sections, and the groove is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the mounting groove 21 with equal cross-sections. There are two through holes 12, and the height of the through holes 12 on the main body 1 corresponds to the arrangement position of the boss. The two through holes 12 are respectively arranged next to the corresponding bosses, such as Figure 2 As shown, through-holes 12 are also threaded, with a threaded sleeve 14 located between the two through-holes 12. Each body 1 is provided with only one rail-supporting portion 13, supporting a single rail 4. The depth of sleeve 14 is adjusted based on actual needs. The body 1, boss, and rail-supporting portion 13 are integrally formed reinforced concrete components, and the screw 3 can be made of steel or other existing high-strength materials.

[0035] The main body 1 is arranged in the installation groove 21, and the rail-supporting part 13 protrudes from the top surface of the track bed plate 2. The sliding pair formed by the boss and the groove between the main body 1 and the side wall of the installation groove 21 realizes rapid push-pull installation or removal. During installation, the screw 3 is rotated to pass through the through hole 12 and anchored in the threaded hole 22 to complete the assembly between the main body 1 and the track bed plate 21. During removal, the screw 3 is rotated in the opposite direction to withdraw and then slide out the main body 1.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the forms of the first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 211 can be interchangeable, and the cross-sectional forms of the boss and the groove can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0037] This embodiment only shows the rail support portion 13 when there is a shoulder rail sleeper. When other types of fasteners are selected, the rail support portion 13 can be configured accordingly.

[0038] If encountering horizontal slope, vertical slope and other situations, the shape and size of the main body 1 can be set according to actual needs.

[0039] The detachable sleepers described in the present invention are independently arranged, offering flexible and convenient installation, facilitating flexible design and differentiated configuration. Even if deviations occur, individual sleepers can be independently replaced, effectively reducing the weight of individual sleepers and facilitating transportation and lifting. If a sleeper becomes defective, there is no need to remove the trackbed, resulting in low replacement costs and no impact on normal track operation. This design is particularly well-suited for the flexible and diverse design and sleeper processing requirements of sloped and curved tracks.

[0040] Example 2 A track plate used in the present invention, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, it includes a track bed plate 2, and a plurality of mounting grooves 21 arranged in pairs along the longitudinal direction of the track bed plate 2 are arranged at intervals. The mounting grooves 21 are used to install a detachable sleeper as described in Example 1.

[0041] Exemplarily, the mounting grooves 21 are arranged symmetrically along the center line of the track on the track bed plate 2 and spaced apart longitudinally along the line. The mounting grooves 21 on both sides of the track bed plate 2 are spaced apart. The track bed plate 2 is a reinforced concrete component. The track bed plate 2 is 3-7m long. The actual length can be determined according to the characteristics of the infrastructure of the usage scenario. The number of mounting grooves 21 is determined in combination with the length of the track bed plate 2 and the spacing between sleepers.

[0042] By adopting the track plate described in the present invention, each sleeper and each side sleeper are independent, have strong adaptability to the space of the line, can set the sleeper rail surface parameters differently according to the design requirements, even if there is a deviation, can independently replace a single sleeper, because the roadbed plate 2 is separated from the sleeper, the roadbed plate 2 can completely adopt the same structural size, batch manufacturing, high processing efficiency, high assembly efficiency, convenient maintenance, and low maintenance cost.

[0043] Example 3 A sleeper construction method adopted by the present invention is applied to a detachable sleeper as in Example 1, comprising the following steps: S1. Slide the body 1 from the side of the track bed plate 2 into the installation groove 21; S2. Install the screw 3 to connect the body 1 to the track bed plate 2.

[0044] The sleeper construction method of the present invention is adopted to install the main body 1 by sliding, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of lifting and positioning, reducing the use of lifting machinery, and is quick and convenient to install, with high installation efficiency and low cost, and easy to repair and replace.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable sleeper, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body (1), wherein the cross-sectional shape and size of the main body (1) are respectively adapted to the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting groove (21) on the top surface of the roadbed plate (2), the height of the main body (1) is smaller than the height of the roadbed plate (2), the main body (1) is provided with a first connecting portion (11) on both opposite side surfaces along the length direction thereof, the position of the first connecting portion (11) is lower than the top surface of the main body (1), and second connecting portions (211) are correspondingly provided on two opposite side walls of the mounting groove (21), the first connecting portion (11) is provided with a first connecting portion (11) and a second connecting portion (211) is provided on the two opposite side walls of the mounting groove (21), and ... ) can be slidably matched with the second connecting portion (211), the axial direction of the installation groove (21) is arranged transversely along the line, one end of the installation groove (21) passes through the side of the track bed plate (2), and a threaded hole (22) is provided on the side wall of the other end of the installation groove (21), and the body (1) is provided with a through hole (12) along its length direction, and the through hole (12) and the threaded hole (22) are connected by a screw (3) to assemble the body (1) and the track bed plate (2), and the body (1) is used to support a single rail (4).

2. A detachable sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom width of the body (1) is greater than the top width, and both side surfaces of the body (1) are symmetrical inclined surfaces.

3. A detachable sleeper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting portion (11) is a boss, and the second connecting portion (211) is a groove.

4. A detachable sleeper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boss is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the body (1) with equal cross-section, and the groove is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the mounting groove (21) with equal cross-section. The outer side surface of the boss and the corresponding side surface of the body (1) have an included angle.

5. The detachable sleeper according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two through holes (12), and the height of the through holes (12) on the body (1) corresponds to the arrangement position of the boss, and the two through holes (12) are respectively arranged beside the corresponding boss.

6. A detachable sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the main body (1) is provided with a rail-supporting portion (13), and the rail-supporting portion (13) is used for connecting to a steel rail (4).

7. A detachable sleeper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detachable sleeper is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component, and the main body (1) and the rail-supporting portion (13) are integrally formed components.

8. A track plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a track bed plate (2), wherein a plurality of mounting grooves (21) are arranged in pairs at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the track bed plate (2), and the mounting grooves (21) are used for mounting a detachable sleeper as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The track plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The track bed slab (2) is a reinforced concrete component, and the track bed slab (2) is 3-7 m.

10. A method for installing a sleeper, characterized in that: A detachable sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1. Slide the body (1) from the side of the track bed plate (2) into the installation groove (21); S2. Install the screw rod (3) to connect the body (1) with the track bed plate (2).

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