Light high-heat-preservation outer wall system for building energy conservation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat preservation outer walls, and discloses a building energy-saving light high-heat-preservation outer wall system which sequentially comprises a base layer wall body, a structure supporting layer, a bonding layer, a plastering layer, a heat preservation layer, a protection layer and a decoration layer from inside to outside. The heat preservation layer is composed of aerogel composite polyurethane foam or graphite modified EPS, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat preservation layer is smaller than or equal to 0.03 W / (m.K), the structure supporting layer is made of light steel keels or fiber reinforced cement boards and provides mechanical support, and the protective layer is formed by compositing alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth and polymer anti-crack mortar and is 3-8 mm thick. According to the light high-thermal-insulation outer wall system for building energy conservation, the novel light thermal insulation material with expanded perlite and polyphenyl particles as main components is adopted in the outer wall system, and the weight of the outer wall system is greatly reduced; the novel light heat insulation material of the heat insulation layer has a low heat conductivity coefficient, heat transfer can be effectively prevented, and the heat insulation performance of the outer wall system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal insulation exterior walls, in particular to a lightweight and highly thermal insulation exterior wall system for building energy conservation. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of the global energy crisis and the increasing demand for building comfort, building energy conservation has become an important research direction in the field of architecture. As one of the main enclosing structures for heat exchange between a building and the external environment, the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall has a crucial impact on the building's energy consumption.

[0003] Disadvantages of Traditional Exterior Wall Systems: Inadequate insulation performance: Traditional EPS / XPS boards have a high thermal conductivity (0.035-0.045 W / (m·K)), making them difficult to meet the requirements of ultra-low-energy buildings. Heavy weight: Brick-concrete structures or cast-in-place concrete exterior walls have a high deadweight, increasing building loads and foundation costs. Fire hazards: Organic insulation materials (such as PU) are flammable and require the addition of flame retardants, which affects environmental performance. Complex construction: Extensive wet work (such as plastering) results in long construction times and is prone to hollowing, cracking, and other problems.

[0004] Furthermore, existing exterior wall insulation systems generally suffer from heavy weight. Sandwich insulation walls (such as sandwich panels) are lightweight, but thermal bridges easily form at their joints. Aerogel materials are expensive and difficult to implement on a large scale. Prefabricated exterior walls have separate decorative and insulation layers, resulting in poor durability. These factors not only increase the structural load and construction costs of buildings, but also limit their application in projects with strict weight requirements. Therefore, developing a lightweight, highly thermally resilient, and stable exterior wall insulation system is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation. The system has the advantages of light weight, high thermal insulation, good fire resistance, and strong stability. It can effectively reduce the energy consumption of buildings, improve the thermal insulation effect of buildings, and at the same time reduce the structural load of buildings and extend the service life of buildings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, a base wall, an adhesive layer, an insulation layer, a plaster layer and a finishing layer.

[0007] Base wall: The base wall is the load-bearing wall of the building and can be made of conventional wall materials such as brick and concrete. The base wall surface should be flat and clean, free of oil, dust, release agents, and other substances that may hinder adhesion. Before construction, the base wall must be inspected and treated to ensure that it meets construction requirements.

[0008] Bonding layer: The bonding layer utilizes a specialized bonding mortar to securely bond the insulation layer to the base wall. The bonding mortar is composed of a mixture of cement, redispersible polymer powder, cellulose ether, and anti-cracking fiber, all mixed in a specific ratio. The redispersible polymer powder enhances the mortar's flexibility and bond strength, allowing it to adapt to the deformation differences between the base wall and the insulation layer. The cellulose ether improves the mortar's water retention and workability, preventing it from drying out during application and ensuring effective bonding. The anti-cracking fiber effectively prevents cracks during the curing process, enhancing the stability of the bonding layer. The mortar's mix ratio can be adjusted based on actual conditions to ensure optimal bonding and workability. During application, the bonding mortar is applied to the base wall using either a full-bond or spot-frame method. The insulation board is then attached to the bonding mortar. Specialized tools are used to squeeze and adjust the insulation board to ensure a tight, secure fit with the base wall.

[0009] Insulation layer: The insulation layer is a key part for the exterior wall system of the present invention to achieve high thermal insulation performance, and is made of a new type of lightweight thermal insulation material. The thermal insulation material uses expanded perlite as the main aggregate, and adds appropriate amounts of silica sol, polystyrene particles, flame retardants, hydrophobic agents and other materials, and is processed through a special production process. Expanded perlite has the advantages of light weight, heat insulation, and thermal insulation, and is a commonly used thermal insulation material; silica sol can improve the strength and stability of the thermal insulation material, making it less likely to break and deform during use; polystyrene particles further reduce the density of the thermal insulation material, making it lighter, while improving the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material; the addition of flame retardants gives the thermal insulation material good fire resistance, meeting the fire protection requirements of the building; hydrophobic agents can reduce the water absorption of the thermal insulation material, prevent moisture from invading the insulation layer, and affect the thermal insulation effect. The thickness of the thermal insulation layer can be adjusted according to factors such as the climatic conditions and energy-saving requirements of the area where the building is located, and is generally 30-100mm. The dimensions of the insulation panels can be customized based on actual construction requirements, typically in sizes such as 600mm x 900mm or 600mm x 1200mm. During construction, the panels are attached to the adhesive layer in sequence according to the design requirements. The panels should be tightly joined to minimize gaps. Joints between panels should be filled with specialized caulking material to ensure the integrity of the insulation layer and its effectiveness.

[0010] The finishing layer is made of finishing mortar, which protects the insulation layer and improves the exterior wall system's impact and crack resistance. The finishing mortar is composed of cement, quartz sand, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether, anti-cracking fibers, and a waterproofing agent. Cement and quartz sand provide strength; redispersible latex powder and cellulose ether improve the mortar's flexibility and workability; the anti-cracking fibers effectively prevent cracking; and the waterproofing agent imparts a degree of water resistance, preventing moisture from penetrating the insulation layer. During construction, first apply a layer of finishing mortar approximately 3-5mm thick to the insulation layer. Then, immediately press alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh into the finishing mortar, ensuring that the mesh is completely covered with the finishing mortar and free of wrinkles or hollows. After the first layer of finishing mortar has set, apply a second layer of finishing mortar approximately 2-3mm thick, completely enveloping the mesh and ensuring a smooth, even finish.

[0011] Finishing layer: The finishing layer can be made of suitable materials such as paint, tiles, stone, etc. according to the design requirements and decorative style of the building. When paint is used as the finishing layer, a special primer is applied to the surface of the finishing layer to enhance the adhesion between the paint and the finishing layer, and then a topcoat is applied to achieve different decorative effects. When tiles or stones are used as the finishing layer, a special adhesive is used to stick the tiles or stones to the finishing layer, and grout is used to treat the gaps between the bricks or stones to ensure the aesthetics and waterproof performance of the finishing layer.

[0012] The present invention also provides a construction method for a lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Base treatment: clean the wall and apply interface agent;

[0014] S2. Install the structural support layer: Secure the light steel keel with expansion bolts or welding;

[0015] S3. Laying the insulation layer: Dry hang or glue the insulation boards, and fill the joints with foam glue. The insulation layer should be staggered, with a staggered distance of ≥ 200mm.

[0016] S4. Construction of protective layer: Apply anti-cracking mortar in layers and press into the mesh cloth;

[0017] S5. Install the decorative layer: Use hangers or adhesives to secure the decorative panels. If the decorative layer is a photovoltaic integrated panel, it must be connected to a micro-inverter and connected to the building's power distribution system after installation.

[0018] S6. Joint treatment: Fill with sealant and cover with metal cover.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Lightweight: The exterior wall system of this invention utilizes a novel lightweight insulation material primarily composed of expanded perlite and polystyrene particles, significantly reducing the weight of the exterior wall system. Compared to traditional exterior wall insulation systems, the exterior wall system of this invention can be 30%-50% lighter, effectively reducing the structural load on the building and lowering construction costs. It also facilitates construction and transportation.

[0021] 2. High Thermal Insulation: The new lightweight insulation material in the insulation layer has a low thermal conductivity, effectively preventing heat transfer and improving the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall system. Testing has shown that the thermal conductivity of the exterior wall system can be as low as 0.04W / (m·K), far lower than that of traditional exterior wall insulation systems. This significantly reduces the building's energy consumption and improves energy efficiency.

[0022] 3. Good fireproof performance: Flame retardants are added to the thermal insulation material to give it good fireproof performance, meeting the national fire protection standards, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of fire accidents and ensure the safety of buildings and personnel.

[0023] 4. Strong stability: The bonding layer and the finishing layer use specially formulated mortar, and are added with redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether, anti-cracking fiber and other materials, which improves the bonding strength, flexibility and crack resistance of the mortar. It can adapt to the deformation difference between the base wall and the insulation layer, effectively prevent the exterior wall system from cracking, hollowing, falling off and other problems, and extend the service life of the exterior wall system.

[0024] 5. Convenient Construction: The exterior wall system of this invention features a simple construction process, similar to that of traditional exterior wall insulation systems, making it easy for construction personnel to master. Furthermore, the insulation panels come in a variety of sizes and specifications, allowing for customization based on actual construction needs, meeting the construction requirements of different buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without inventive effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the assembled dry hanging construction of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the system of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Base wall, 2. Structural support layer, 3. Adhesive layer, 4. Plaster layer, 5. Insulation layer, 6. Protective layer, 7. Decorative layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," "the other end," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for energy-saving buildings, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, a base wall, a structural support layer, an adhesive layer, a plaster layer, an insulation layer, a protective layer, and a decorative layer; the insulation layer is composed of aerogel composite polyurethane foam or graphite-modified EPS, with a thermal conductivity coefficient of ≤0.03W / (m·K); the structural support layer adopts a light steel keel or fiber-reinforced cement board to provide mechanical support; the protective layer is composed of an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth and a polymer anti-cracking mortar, with a thickness of 3-8mm.

[0034] The bonding layer adopts bonding mortar which is a mixture of cement, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether and anti-cracking fiber, and is used to bond the thermal insulation layer to the base wall.

[0035] The finishing layer uses a finishing mortar composed of cement, quartz sand, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether, anti-cracking fiber, and waterproofing agent. During the construction of the finishing layer, a layer of finishing mortar is first applied, and then the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed in. After initial setting, a second layer of finishing mortar is applied.

[0036] The insulation layer is an alternating laminated structure of vacuum insulation panels and aerogel felt, with a thickness of 30-100mm.

[0037] The decorative layer is made of paint, tiles or stone. When the decorative layer is paint, apply primer first and then topcoat; when the decorative layer is tiles or stone, use special adhesive to stick and grout.

[0038] It also includes an air interlayer, which is arranged between the thermal insulation layer and the structural support layer, has a thickness of 10-30 mm, and is filled with inert gas or maintained in a vacuum state.

[0039] The ratio of cement: redispersible latex powder: cellulose ether: anti-cracking fiber in the bonding mortar is 100:5-6:1-1.2:0.5-0.6.

[0040] The ratio of cement: quartz sand: redispersible latex powder: cellulose ether: anti-cracking fiber: waterproofing agent in the plaster mortar is 100:200-220:5-6:1-1.2:0.5-0.6:2-2.5.

[0041] The decorative layer is a photovoltaic integrated panel, including:

[0042] Transparent protective layer: tempered glass or polycarbonate plate, light transmittance ≥ 85%;

[0043] Solar cell film: flexible amorphous silicon or perovskite film, photoelectric conversion efficiency ≥ 15%;

[0044] Junction box: integrated into the edge of the panel and connected to the building grid.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The construction method of a lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1. Base treatment: clean the wall and apply interface agent;

[0048] S2. Install the structural support layer: Secure the light steel keel with expansion bolts or welding;

[0049] S3. Laying the insulation layer: Dry hang or glue the insulation boards, and fill the joints with foam glue. The insulation layer should be staggered, with a staggered distance of ≥ 200mm.

[0050] S4. Construction of protective layer: Apply anti-cracking mortar in layers and press into the mesh cloth;

[0051] S5. Install the decorative layer: Use hangers or adhesives to secure the decorative panels. If the decorative layer is a photovoltaic integrated panel, it must be connected to a micro-inverter and connected to the building's power distribution system after installation.

[0052] S6. Joint treatment: Fill with sealant and cover with metal cover.

[0053] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes the base wall, structural support layer, bonding layer, finishing layer, insulation layer, protective layer and decorative layer. The insulation layer is composed of aerogel composite polyurethane foam or graphite-modified EPS with a thermal conductivity coefficient of ≤0.03W / (m·K). The structural support layer adopts light steel keel or fiber-reinforced cement board to provide mechanical support. The protective layer is composed of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth and polymer anti-cracking mortar, with a thickness of 3-8mm.

2. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding layer adopts bonding mortar mixed with cement, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether and anti-cracking fiber, which is used to bond the thermal insulation layer to the base wall.

3. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plastering layer adopts a plastering mortar composed of cement, quartz sand, redispersible latex powder, cellulose ether, anti-cracking fiber, and waterproofing agent. When constructing the plastering layer, a layer of plastering mortar is first applied, and then an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed in. After initial setting, a second layer of plastering mortar is applied.

4. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is an alternating laminated structure of vacuum insulation panels and aerogel felt, with a thickness of 30-100 mm.

5. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decorative layer is made of paint, tiles or stone. When the decorative layer is paint, primer is applied first and then topcoat. When the decorative layer is tiles or stone, special adhesive is used to stick and point the joints.

6. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air interlayer, which is arranged between the thermal insulation layer and the structural support layer, has a thickness of 10-30 mm, and is filled with inert gas or maintained in a vacuum state.

7. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of cement: redispersible latex powder: cellulose ether: anti-cracking fiber in the bonding mortar is 100:5-6:1-1.2:0.5-0.

6.

8. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of cement: quartz sand: redispersible latex powder: cellulose ether: anti-cracking fiber: waterproofing agent in the plastering mortar is 100:200-220:5-6:1-1.2:0.5-0.6:2-2.

5.

9. The lightweight and highly thermally insulating exterior wall system for building energy conservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decorative layer is a photovoltaic integrated panel, including: Transparent protective layer: tempered glass or polycarbonate plate, light transmittance ≥ 85%; Solar cell film: flexible amorphous silicon or perovskite film, photoelectric conversion efficiency ≥ 15%; Junction box: integrated into the edge of the panel and connected to the building grid.

10. A construction method of the exterior wall system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Base treatment: clean the wall and apply interface agent; S2. Install the structural support layer: Secure the light steel keel with expansion bolts or welding; S3. Laying the insulation layer: Dry hang or glue the insulation boards, and fill the joints with foam glue. The insulation layer should be staggered, with a staggered distance of ≥ 200mm. S4. Construction of protective layer: Apply anti-cracking mortar in layers and press into mesh cloth; S5. Install the decorative layer: Use hangers or adhesives to secure the decorative panels. If the decorative layer is a photovoltaic integrated panel, it must be connected to a micro-inverter and connected to the building's power distribution system after installation. S6. Joint treatment: Fill with sealant and cover with metal cover.

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