Nanometer zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fibers and preparation method thereof, and relates to functional fiber material technical field.The nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber prepared in the application is based on natural polysaccharide, natural plant gum and self-prepared nano zinc oxide compound, adopts electrospinning process, has good antibacterial performance, anticoagulation performance, biocompatibility and physical performance, has emergency sterilization and long-acting antibacterial function, and most of its material is derived from natural substance, green, healthy, non-toxic, which provides a green and safe solution for medical and health products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional fiber materials technology, specifically to a nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional antibacterial fibers often rely on chemically synthesized materials or direct loading of metal ions, which suffers from bottlenecks such as poor biocompatibility and uncontrollable zinc ion release. In existing technologies, zinc oxide nanoparticles tend to aggregate within a polymer matrix, leading to a decrease in antibacterial efficiency. Simultaneously, zinc ions are prone to explosive release under physiological conditions, potentially causing cytotoxicity, while in infected or other acidic environments, their inertness prevents rapid response, making it difficult to achieve both high-efficiency sterilization and long-lasting antibacterial effects. Furthermore, most processes rely on synthetic cross-linking agents or organic solvents, contradicting the trend of green manufacturing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an environmentally responsive fiber material that enables controlled release of zinc ions and is made from natural, green, and non-toxic components, providing an efficient and green solution for medical dressings, hygiene products, and personal protective equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fibers includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Dissolve konjac glucomannan and natural plant gum in citrate buffer solution, stir at 80-90℃ for 2-4h, add genipin, stir at 50-60℃ for 1-2h, add nano zinc oxide complex, sonicate homogenize for 30-60min, degas at room temperature, add thickener solution to adjust viscosity to 1800-2200mPa·s, and prepare spinning gel.

[0007] Furthermore, the natural plant gum is at least one of tandoori gum, tara gum, guar gum, and guar gum;

[0008] Furthermore, the concentration of the citrate buffer is 0.1 mol / L, and the pH is 5.0;

[0009] The ratio of the konjac glucomannan, natural plant gum, citrate buffer, genipin and nano zinc oxide complex is (2-3)g:(1-1.5)g:(100-150)mL:(0.05-0.1)g:(0.6-1)g;

[0010] Furthermore, the thickener is one of sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0011] It should be noted that konjac glucomannan and natural plant gums form an interpenetrating network through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces under weakly acidic conditions. Genipin, as a natural crosslinking agent, reacts with the hydroxyl groups in konjac glucomannan and natural plant gums through its iridoid ether structure, forming a stable covalent crosslinking network, further enhancing the three-dimensional stability of the gel. The nano-zinc oxide complex is uniformly dispersed in the gel, and its surface amino and hydroxyl groups form a hydrogen bond network with the hydroxyl groups in konjac glucomannan and natural plant gums. The addition of a thickener adjusts the rheological properties of the spinning solution, ensuring that the viscosity is suitable for the electrospinning process, while also enhancing the mechanical properties of the fiber after molding.

[0012] S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, set the process parameters and start spinning. After vacuum drying, refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, the process parameters are as follows: temperature 25℃, humidity 25-35%, working voltage 20-25kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 15-20cm, needle inner diameter 0.2-0.4mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 800-1000r / min, and flow rate 0.6-1mL / h.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the nano-zinc oxide composite are as follows:

[0015] A1. Mix tannic acid solution with zinc nitrate solution, adjust pH to 8.5-10.5, sonicate at 120-180℃ for 4-6 hours, collect precipitate by centrifugation, wash, dry, treat with O2 plasma for 3-8 minutes, disperse in 85-95% ethanol solution, add acetate buffer to adjust pH to 4-6, add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60℃ for 2 hours, centrifuge, wash, dry to obtain nano zinc oxide;

[0016] Furthermore, the concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.05-0.1 mol / L;

[0017] Furthermore, the concentration of the zinc nitrate solution is 0.05-0.1 mol / L;

[0018] Furthermore, the concentration of the acetate buffer solution is 0.1 mol / L;

[0019] Furthermore, the ratio of the amount of tannic acid solution, zinc nitrate solution, ethanol solution and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane used is (10-20) mL: 100 mL: (100-150) mL: (1.25-1.6) g;

[0020] It should be noted that tannic acid reacts with Zn 2+The chelation and template effects regulate the anisotropic growth of zinc oxide crystals, forming nano-zinc oxide particles with increased specific surface area; O2 plasma treatment introduces hydroxyl groups to the surface of nano-zinc oxide; 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modification introduces amino groups to the surface of nano-zinc oxide.

[0021] A2. Dissolve β-cyclodextrin in deionized water, stir at 80℃ until transparent, add tea saponin, sonicate at room temperature for 30 min, stir at 60℃ for 6-8 h, centrifuge to collect the supernatant, filter the supernatant through a 0.2-0.25 μm filter membrane, add sodium polyacrylate, dialyze at 10 kDa, freeze dry to obtain shell material powder.

[0022] Furthermore, the ratio of β-cyclodextrin, deionized water, tea saponin, and sodium polyacrylate is (5-10)g:(100-200)mL:(1-2)g:(0.1-0.3)g;

[0023] A3. Disperse nano zinc oxide, shell material powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water, adjust the pH to 4-5, sonicate at 50℃ for 30 min, stir for 3-4 h, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze dry to obtain nano zinc oxide composite.

[0024] Furthermore, the ratio of the amount of nano zinc oxide, shell material powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water is (1-2)g:(1.5-3)g:(0.05-0.1)g:(100-200)mL.

[0025] It should be noted that the nano zinc oxide binds to the hydroxyl groups of the shell material through amino groups, and β-cyclodextrin anchors the triterpenoid hydrophobic groups of tea saponin through hydrophobic cavities, forming a core-shell structured nano zinc oxide complex. The cross-linking network of konjac glucomannan and plant gum restricts the migration of the nanocomplex through steric hindrance. The hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the shell material and the hydrogen bonding between konjac glucomannan and plant gum also participates in the fixation of the nano zinc oxide complex. Sodium polyacrylate, as a dispersant, prevents the shell material from agglomerating through electrostatic repulsion of its carboxylate groups.

[0026] It should be noted that the carboxyl group of sodium polyacrylate reacts with Zn. 2+ They bind together via coordination bonds under acidic conditions, and partially dissociate to release Zn at physiological pH (7.35-7.45). 2+ The hydroxyl groups of the sugar chains in tea saponins are protonated under acidic conditions, increasing the hydrophilicity of the shell, promoting swelling, and accelerating Zn dissolution. 2+ Release, swelling is reduced at physiological pH, slowing down Zn 2+ Release. Under acidic conditions, tea saponins swell, rapidly releasing Zn. 2+ Sterilization; however, under physiological pH conditions, the dissolution and release of Zn by nano-zinc oxide is inhibited. 2+However, sodium polyacrylate and Zn 2+ The coordinate bonds between them dissociate, releasing part of Zn. 2+ Simultaneously, electrostatic repulsion maintains dispersion and delays Zn 2+ Release and prolong antibacterial effect. The shell of the nano zinc oxide complex restricts ZnO migration through hydrophobic barriers and hydrogen bond networks, reducing the migration rate of ZnO. At the same time, through physical, chemical and environmental pH response design, it provides a slow-release carrier for zinc oxide, thus combining emergency sterilization and long-term antibacterial effect.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber prepared by this invention is based on a complex of natural polysaccharides, natural plant gums, and nano-zinc oxide. This allows zinc ions to be rapidly released in an acidic environment for efficient sterilization, while maintaining a slow-release, long-lasting antibacterial effect in a physiological pH environment, thus possessing both emergency response and continuous antibacterial functions. The materials of the nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber prepared by this invention are mostly derived from natural substances, making it green, healthy, non-toxic, and biocompatible. It is prepared through electrospinning, providing a green and safe solution for medical and hygiene products. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Preparation method of nano zinc oxide composite:

[0031] A1. Mix 20 mL of 0.1 mol / L tannic acid solution with 100 mL of 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution, adjust the pH to 10, sonicate at 160 °C for 4 h, centrifuge to collect the precipitate, wash, dry, treat with O2 plasma for 5 min, disperse in 150 mL of 90% ethanol solution, add 0.1 mol / L acetate buffer to adjust the pH to 5, add 1.45 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60 °C for 2 h, centrifuge, wash, dry to obtain nano zinc oxide;

[0032] A2. Dissolve 10g of β-cyclodextrin in 150mL of deionized water, stir at 80℃ until transparent, add 1.88g of tea saponin, sonicate at room temperature for 30min, stir at 60℃ for 8h, centrifuge to collect the supernatant, filter the supernatant through a 0.25μm filter membrane, add 0.2g of sodium polyacrylate, dialyze at 10kDa, freeze dry to obtain shell material powder;

[0033] A3. Disperse 2g of nano zinc oxide, 3g of shell material powder and 0.1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 200mL of deionized water, adjust the pH to 4.5, sonicate at 50℃ for 30min, stir for 4h, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze-dry to obtain nano zinc oxide composite.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fibers includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Dissolve 30g of konjac glucomannan and 15g of tara gum in 1500mL of 0.1mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 5.0. Stir at 85℃ for 3h, add 1g of genipin, stir at 55℃ for 2h, add 100g of nano zinc oxide complex, homogenize by sonication for 45min, degas at room temperature, add 120mL of 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose buffer solution to adjust the viscosity to 2000mPa·s, and prepare the spinning gel.

[0037] S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, and set the process parameters: temperature 25℃, humidity 30%, working voltage 22kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 18cm, needle inner diameter 0.3mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 1000r / min, flow rate 0.8mL / h, start spinning, vacuum dry and refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] S1. Dissolve 26.7g of konjac glucomannan and 13.3g of tara gum in 1350mL of 0.1mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 5.0. Stir at 85℃ for 3h, add 0.83g of genipin, stir at 55℃ for 2h, add 86.7g of nano zinc oxide complex, homogenize by sonication for 45min, degas at room temperature, add 110mL of 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose buffer solution to adjust the viscosity to 2000mPa·s, and prepare the spinning gel.

[0040] S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, and set the process parameters: temperature 25℃, humidity 30%, working voltage 22kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 18cm, needle inner diameter 0.3mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 1000r / min, flow rate 0.8mL / h, start spinning, vacuum dry and refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] S1. Dissolve 23.3g of konjac glucomannan and 11.7g of tara gum in 1150mL of 0.1mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 5.0. Stir at 85℃ for 3h, add 0.67g of genipin, stir at 55℃ for 2h, add 73.3g of nano zinc oxide complex, homogenize by sonication for 45min, degas at room temperature, add 95mL of 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose buffer solution to adjust the viscosity to 2000mPa·s, and prepare the spinning gel.

[0043] S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, and set the process parameters: temperature 25℃, humidity 30%, working voltage 22kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 18cm, needle inner diameter 0.3mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 1000r / min, flow rate 0.8mL / h, start spinning, vacuum dry and refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] S1. Dissolve 20g of konjac glucomannan and 10g of tara gum in 1000mL of 0.1mol / L citrate buffer solution with pH 5.0, stir at 85℃ for 3h, add 0.5g of genipin, stir at 55℃ for 2h, add 60g of nano zinc oxide complex, homogenize by sonication for 45min, degas at room temperature, add 80mL of 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose buffer solution to adjust the viscosity to 2000mPa·s, and prepare the spinning gel.

[0046] S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, and set the process parameters: temperature 25℃, humidity 30%, working voltage 22kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 18cm, needle inner diameter 0.3mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 1000r / min, flow rate 0.8mL / h, start spinning, vacuum dry and refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that nano zinc oxide was used instead of nano zinc oxide composite.

[0049] Preparation method of nano zinc oxide:

[0050] 20 mL of 0.1 mol / L tannic acid solution was mixed with 100 mL of 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution, the pH was adjusted to 10, and the mixture was sonicated at 160 °C for 4 h. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed, dried, and then treated with O2 plasma for 5 min. The precipitate was dispersed in 150 mL of 90% ethanol solution, and the pH was adjusted to 5 by adding 0.1 mol / L acetate buffer. 1.45 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added, and the mixture was refluxed at 60 °C for 2 h. After centrifugation, washing, and drying, nano-zinc oxide was obtained.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that it does not use a nano zinc oxide composite, but instead uses commercially available nano zinc oxide.

[0053] Commercially available zinc oxide was purchased from Xi'an Xinfengda Pharmaceutical Excipients Co., Ltd., product number 100103.

[0054] test:

[0055] I. Antibacterial performance test:

[0056] The antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci, fungi, and Candida albicans in GB 15979-2002 Hygienic Standard for Disposable Sanitary Products;

[0057] Table 1

[0058] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Escherichia coli antibacterial rate (%) 99.8 99.5 98.7 97.3 85.2 82.6 Antibacterial rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (%) 99.5 99.1 98.3 96.8 83.7 80.4 Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial rate (%) 99.9 99.7 99.0 98.1 88.5 84.9 Antibacterial rate of hemolytic streptococci (%) 99.6 99.3 98.5 97.0 86.3 81.8 Antimicrobial rate of mold (%) 98.2 97.8 96.5 95.1 75.4 72.1 Antimicrobial rate of Candida albicans (%) 97.5 96.9 95.2 93.7 70.6 68.3

[0059] II. Antibacterial long-term effect test:

[0060] The samples were immersed in a blood protein simulation solution (PBS buffer + 0.1% bovine serum albumin + 0.01% lysozyme + 0.05% fibrinogen, pH 7.4) for 7 days to test their antibacterial rate.

[0061] Table 2

[0062] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Escherichia coli antibacterial rate (%) 95.3 93.8 90.5 88.7 62.4 58.9 Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial rate (%) 96.1 94.6 91.2 89.5 65.8 60.3

[0063] III. Anticoagulation Adsorption Properties:

[0064] GB / T 16886.4-2017 Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 4: Selection of blood interaction tests - BCA method (microprotein quantification).

[0065] Table 3

[0066] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Fibrinogen adsorption capacity (μg / cm2) 3.2 3.8 4.5 5.0 12.7 15.3

[0067] IV. Cytotoxicity: 《GB / T 16886.5-2017 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices Part 5: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Tests》Extraction conditions: 37℃, 24h, surface area / extraction solution = 6cm² 2 / mL, fibers were cut into 1cm×1cm sheets with uniform thickness; cell type: L929 mouse fibroblasts, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, and viability ≥80% was considered non-toxic.

[0068] Table 4

[0069] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Cell viability (%) 90.6 89.2 88.1 87.4 72.3 69.8

[0070] V. Skin Irritation: According to GB / T 16886.10-2017 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices Part 10: Irritation and Skin Sensitization Tests, the extraction conditions are: 37℃, 24h, surface area / extract = 6cm². 2 / mL, fibers are cut into 1cm×1cm sheets with uniform thickness; in vitro 3D skin model (EpiSkin), after 30min of contact, survival rate is assessed by MTT assay, and survival rate ≥70% is considered non-irritating.

[0071] Table 5

[0072] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Cell viability (%) 88.6 87.2 85.1 83.4 72.3 69.8

[0073] VI. Air permeability: 《ASTM D737-18(2023) Standard Test Method for Air Permeability of Textiles》, pressure difference 100 Pa, test area 20 cm² 2 A breathability rate of ≥100mm / s indicates high breathability.

[0074] Table 6

[0075] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Air permeability (mm / s) 135 142 148 155 120 115

[0076] 7. Moisture absorption: According to GB / T 9994-2018 Standard Moisture Regain of Textile Materials, the moisture regain is calculated after equilibration at 20℃ and 65% RH for 24 hours. A moisture regain of ≤8% is considered excellent.

[0077] Table 7

[0078] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Moisture regain (%) 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.4 9.3 10.1

[0079] 8. Permeability performance: According to GB / T 8939-2018 Sanitary Napkins (Patties), a simulated sweat penetration time of ≤5s is considered excellent.

[0080] Table 8

[0081] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Simulated sweat penetration time (s) 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.6 6.9 7.5

[0082] IX. Results Evaluation

[0083] The nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber prepared by this invention has good antibacterial properties, anticoagulant properties, biocompatibility and physical properties, and has both emergency sterilization and long-lasting antibacterial functions.

[0084] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0085] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0086] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fibers, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve konjac glucomannan and natural plant gum in citrate buffer solution, stir at 80-90℃ for 2-4h, add genipin, stir at 50-60℃ for 1-2h, add nano zinc oxide complex, sonicate homogenize for 30-60min, degas at room temperature, add thickener solution to adjust viscosity to 1800-2200mPa·s, and prepare spinning gel. The natural plant gum is at least one of the following: tianqing gum, tara gum, guar gum, and tannin gum; S2. Load the spinning gel into the syringe, connect the nozzle container, set the process parameters and start spinning. After vacuum drying, refrigerate for later use to obtain nano zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber. The preparation steps of the nano-zinc oxide composite are as follows: A1. Mix tannic acid solution with zinc nitrate solution, adjust pH to 8.5-10.5, sonicate at 120-180℃ for 4-6 hours, collect precipitate by centrifugation, wash, dry, treat with O2 plasma for 3-8 minutes, disperse in 85-95% ethanol solution, add acetate buffer to adjust pH to 4-6, add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reflux at 60℃ for 2 hours, centrifuge, wash, dry to obtain nano zinc oxide; A2. Dissolve β-cyclodextrin in deionized water, stir at 80℃ until transparent, add tea saponin, sonicate at room temperature for 30 min, stir at 60℃ for 6-8 h, centrifuge to collect the supernatant, filter the supernatant through a 0.2-0.25 μm filter membrane, add sodium polyacrylate, dialyze at 10 kDa, freeze dry to obtain shell material powder. A3. Disperse nano zinc oxide, shell material powder and polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water, adjust the pH to 4-5, sonicate at 50℃ for 30 min, stir for 3-4 h, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and freeze dry to obtain nano zinc oxide composite.

2. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the ratio of the amount of konjac glucomannan, natural plant gum, citrate buffer, genipin and nano zinc oxide complex is (2-3)g:(1-1.5)g:(100-150)mL:(0.05-0.1)g:(0.6-1)g.

3. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the thickener is one of sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

4. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the process parameters are: temperature 25℃, humidity 25-35%, working voltage 20-25kV, distance between the fixed needle collector and the high-speed orientation receiver 15-20cm, needle inner diameter 0.2-0.4mm, fixed rotation speed of the high-speed orientation receiver 800-1000r / min, and flow rate 0.6-1mL / h.

5. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A1, the ratio of the amount of tannic acid solution, zinc nitrate solution, ethanol solution and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is (10-20) mL:100 mL:(100-150) mL:(1.25-1.6) g; the concentration of the tannic acid solution is 0.05-0.1 mol / L; and the concentration of the zinc nitrate solution is 0.05-0.1 mol / L.

6. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the ratio of β-cyclodextrin, deionized water, tea saponin and sodium polyacrylate is (5-10)g:(100-200)mL:(1-2)g:(0.1-0.3)g.

7. The method for preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, the ratio of the amount of nano zinc oxide, shell material powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone and deionized water is (1-2)g:(1.5-3)g:(0.05-0.1)g:(100-200)mL.

8. A nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber prepared by the method of preparing nano-zinc oxide modified antibacterial fiber as described in any one of claims 1-7.