Anti-instability energy absorption structure and energy absorption method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of energy absorption materials, and particularly relates to an anti-instability energy absorption structure and an energy absorption method thereof.The anti-instability energy absorption structure comprises an energy absorption unit, and the energy absorption unit comprises four isosceles trapezoid plates and four isosceles triangle plates; the short bottoms of the four isosceles trapezoid plates and the bottoms of the four isosceles triangle plates are enclosed to form a rectangular surface; at least two energy absorption units are combined to form an energy absorption layer, and the rectangular faces of all the energy absorption units in the energy absorption layer are coplanar. According to the anti-instability energy absorption structure provided by the invention, when the energy absorption units are subjected to pressure in the direction of the plane where the two long bottoms of the isosceles trapezoid plate are located, the two bottom positions of the isosceles triangle plate move and are self-locked. In addition, due to the fact that the two bottom positions of the isosceles triangle plate move and are self-locked when the isosceles triangle plate is pressed, the energy absorption unit is of a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bottoms are located, the compression tangent modulus is far larger than that of a traditional honeycomb structure, and therefore the good anti-instability performance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of energy-absorbing materials, and in particular relates to an anti-instability energy-absorbing structure and an energy-absorbing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Energy-absorbing structures are widely used in transport equipment and impact protection devices. The performance of energy-absorbing structures is generally evaluated using specific energy absorption (energy absorbed per unit mass or per unit volume). However, in many specialized scenarios, energy-absorbing structures require a slender design. For example, braking in high-speed launchers requires long-range, low-overload braking, requiring a slender energy-absorbing structure. Road traffic collision avoidance vehicles also require slender energy-absorbing structures to provide low acceleration and long-range cushioning to ensure the safety of personnel during an uncontrolled vehicle collision. However, slender structures are prone to overall instability. For example, a typical aluminum honeycomb structure, when designed as a slender structure, is prone to overall instability, making it difficult to fully utilize the honeycomb structure's high specific energy absorption performance. Therefore, the instability resistance of energy-absorbing structures has become a key performance indicator. To date, the instability resistance of slender energy-absorbing structures has mainly been achieved by adding additional auxiliary mechanisms to ensure structural stability, such as guide rails or guide rods, multiple partitions, and connecting structures between partitions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple, slender energy-absorbing structure with good instability resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-instability energy absorbing structure and an energy absorbing method thereof, which utilize the self-locking induced deformation of the energy absorbing unit to effectively improve the stability of the slender energy absorbing structure.

[0004] The present invention provides an anti-instability energy absorption structure, comprising an energy absorption unit, wherein the energy absorption unit comprises four isosceles trapezoidal plates and four isosceles triangular plates; The four isosceles trapezoidal plates are respectively isosceles trapezoidal plate 1, isosceles trapezoidal plate 2, isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 4, the short base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 is aligned and connected with the short base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 2, the long base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 is aligned and connected with the long base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 3, the short base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 is aligned and connected with the short base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 4, and the long base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 is aligned and connected with the long base of isosceles trapezoidal plate 1; The four isosceles triangular plates are triangular plate one, triangular plate two, triangular plate three, and triangular plate four. The two waists of triangular plate one are aligned with the waists of one side of isosceles trapezoidal plate one and isosceles trapezoidal plate four, respectively. The two waists of triangular plate two are aligned with the waists of one side of isosceles trapezoidal plate two and isosceles trapezoidal plate three, respectively. The base of triangular plate one is aligned with the base of triangular plate two. The two waists of triangular plate three are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoidal plate one and isosceles trapezoidal plate four, respectively. The two waists of triangular plate four are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoidal plate two and isosceles trapezoidal plate three, respectively. The base of triangular plate three is aligned with the base of triangular plate four. The short bases of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates and the bases of the four isosceles triangle plates form a rectangular surface; At least two energy absorbing units are combined to form an energy absorbing layer, and rectangular surfaces of all energy absorbing units in the energy absorbing layer are coplanar; The isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 of the energy absorbing unit are arranged parallel to each other with the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit, and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 are aligned and connected with the bases of the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit; The isosceles trapezoidal plate three and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four of the energy absorbing unit are arranged parallel to the triangular plate three and the triangular plate four of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit, and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four are aligned and connected to the bases of the triangular plate three and the triangular plate four of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit; The triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the energy absorbing unit are arranged parallel to the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit, and the bases of the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 are aligned and connected to the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit; The triangular plate three and the triangular plate four of the energy absorbing unit are used to be arranged parallel to the isosceles trapezoidal plate three and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit, and the bottoms of the triangular plate three and the triangular plate four are used to be aligned and connected with the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit. Furthermore, the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is equal to the base length of the isosceles triangle plate, the angle between the isosceles trapezoidal plate one and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four, and the angle between the isosceles trapezoidal plate two and the isosceles trapezoidal plate three is 60°, and the angle between the isosceles trapezoidal plate one and the isosceles trapezoidal plate two, and the isosceles trapezoidal plate three and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four is 120°.

[0005] Furthermore, the energy absorbing unit is located on the rectangular surface and has a connecting edge with a rectangular frame structure extending outwardly in the direction of extension of the rectangular surface; The connecting edges at the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 of the energy absorbing unit are used to align and connect with the connecting edges at the bases of the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit; The connecting edges at the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plates 3 and 4 of the energy absorbing unit are used to align and connect with the connecting edges at the bases of the triangular plates 3 and 4 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit; The connecting edges at the bottoms of the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the energy absorbing unit are used to align and connect with the connecting edges at the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit; The connecting edges at the bottoms of triangular plate three and triangular plate four of the energy absorbing unit are used to align and connect with the connecting edges at the short bottoms of isosceles trapezoidal plate three and isosceles trapezoidal plate four of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting edge is welded to the adjacent connecting edge. Furthermore, the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 of the energy absorbing unit are used to be arranged in contact with the triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit; The isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 of the energy absorbing unit are used to be arranged in contact with the triangular plate 3 and the triangular plate 4 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit; The triangular plate 1 and the triangular plate 2 of the energy absorbing unit are arranged to fit together with the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit; The triangular plate three and the triangular plate four of the energy absorbing unit are used to be arranged in contact with the isosceles trapezoidal plate two and the isosceles trapezoidal plate three of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy absorbing unit is manufactured through a 3D printing device; Alternatively, the energy absorbing unit is formed by folding a flat plate with prefabricated creases.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the isosceles triangle plate is 1.5 mm; the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is 100 mm long, the short base is 50 mm long, and the base of the isosceles triangle plate is 50 mm long.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy absorbing layer is stacked in parallel to form multiple layers.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a bottom plate, and the first energy absorbing layer is arranged on the bottom plate.

[0011] The present invention also provides an energy absorbing method of an anti-instability energy absorbing structure, using the above-mentioned anti-instability energy absorbing structure; When the energy-absorbing unit is subjected to pressure in the direction of the plane where the two long bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate are located, the two bases of the isosceles triangular plate are self-locked in movement, so that the intersection area of ​​the base of the isosceles triangular plate and the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate forms a plastic deformation zone, thereby achieving compression. The energy-absorbing unit is a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bases are located. Combined with the self-locking movement of the base of the isosceles triangular plate, its compression tangent modulus is enhanced. In the energy-absorbing layer, all energy-absorbing units can deform according to the original plastic deformation zone, and can give full play to the compressive capacity and anti-instability performance of each energy-absorbing unit, thereby ensuring the overall anti-instability performance of the anti-instability energy-absorbing structure.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that in the anti-instability energy absorption structure provided by the present invention, when the energy absorption unit is subjected to pressure in the plane direction of the two long bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate, the two base positions of the isosceles triangular plate move and self-lock.

[0013] In addition, because the two bottom positions of the isosceles triangle plate are self-locking when under pressure, and the energy absorption unit is a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bottoms are located, the compression tangent modulus is much greater than that of the traditional honeycomb structure, so it has better anti-instability performance; The nested energy-absorbing units of the present invention create left and right anti-bending boundaries for the original series structure, ensuring that the units do not become unstable but instead deform along the compression direction, achieving effective energy absorption. These left and right anti-bending constraints are actually movable. This is because in adjacent nested energy-absorbing units, the protruding side expands outward while the concave side contracts inward. This allows the adjacent energy-absorbing units to be nested, achieving a coordinated outward and inward deformation, thereby achieving excellent energy absorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the energy absorption unit in the present invention; Attachment Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first step of assembling the energy absorbing layer in the present invention; Attachment Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second step of assembling the energy absorbing layer in the present invention; Attachment Figure 4 For the attachment Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the Attachment Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third step of assembling the energy absorbing layer in the present invention; Attachment Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth step of assembling the energy absorbing layer in the present invention; Attachment Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the anti-instability energy absorption structure of the present invention; Attachment Figure 8 It is the equivalent model of the anti-instability energy absorption structure in the present invention (rotation is restricted on the left and right sides); Attachment Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the anti-instability energy absorption structure in the present invention under compression without instability; Attachment Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the anti-instability energy absorption structure of the present invention; Attachment Figure 11is a schematic cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the anti-instability energy absorption structure of the present invention; Attachment Figure 12 This is a simulation diagram of the initial state of the deformation simulation of the energy absorbing layer in the present invention; Attachment Figure 13 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of the energy-absorbing layer in the present invention when it is compressed by 100 mm; Attachment Figure 14 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention when it is compressed by 160mm; Attachment Figure 15 This is a simulation diagram of the initial state of the deformation simulation of the honeycomb energy-absorbing structure of the comparison scheme; Attachment Figure 16 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of the honeycomb energy-absorbing structure of the comparative scheme when it is compressed by 100mm; Attachment Figure 17 This is a simulation diagram of the deformation of the honeycomb energy-absorbing structure of the comparison scheme when it is compressed by 160mm; Attachment Figure 18 Comparison of force-displacement curves during energy absorption between the present invention and the traditional honeycomb energy absorption structure under the same effective density and structural size; Attachment Figure 19 Comparison of the energy absorption-displacement curves of the energy absorption process of the present invention and the traditional honeycomb energy absorption structure under the same effective density and structural size.

[0015] In the figure, 1-energy absorbing unit; 11-isosceles trapezoidal plate one; 12-isosceles trapezoidal plate two; 13-isosceles trapezoidal plate three; 14-isosceles trapezoidal plate four; 15-triangular plate one; 16-triangular plate two; 17-triangular plate three; 18-triangular plate four; 19-connecting edge; 1a-first adjacent energy absorbing unit; 1b-second adjacent energy absorbing unit; 1c-third adjacent energy absorbing unit; 1d-fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit; 2-bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0018] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0019] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can mean mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection, or wireless communication connection; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0021] As attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 11 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-instability energy absorption structure, including an energy absorption unit 1, which includes four isosceles trapezoidal plates and four isosceles triangular plates. It should be noted that the four isosceles trapezoidal plates and four isosceles triangular plates mentioned in the present invention are only used to facilitate a clear description of the structure of the energy absorption unit 1, and are not limited to being processed by four plates in a specific production process. The energy absorption unit 1 can be formed by folding a flat plate with prefabricated creases, or can be integrally formed by 3D printing, or can be processed by other methods such as injection molding; For the convenience of explanation, the four isosceles trapezoidal plates are defined as isosceles trapezoidal plate 11, isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12, isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14, respectively. The isosceles trapezoidal plate 11, the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12, the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 are connected end to end in sequence. Specifically, the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 is aligned with the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12, the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 is aligned with the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13, the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 is aligned with the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14, and the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 is aligned with the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11. For ease of explanation, the four isosceles triangular plates are defined as Triangle Plate 1 15, Triangle Plate 2 16, Triangle Plate 3 17, and Triangle Plate 4 18, respectively. The bases of Triangle Plate 1 15 and Triangle Plate 2 16 are connected to each other and disposed on one side of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates. The bases of Triangle Plate 3 17 and Triangle Plate 4 18 are connected to each other and disposed on the other side of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates. Specifically, the two waists of Triangle Plate 1 15 are aligned and connected to the waists of one side of Isosceles Trapezoidal Plate 1 11 and Isosceles Trapezoidal Plate 4 14, respectively. The two waists of triangular plate 2 16 are aligned with the waists of one side of isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13, respectively. The base of triangular plate 1 15 is aligned with the base of triangular plate 2 16. The two waists of triangular plate 3 17 are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 1 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14, respectively. The two waists of triangular plate 4 18 are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13, respectively. The base of triangular plate 3 17 is aligned with the base of triangular plate 4 18. The short bases of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates and the bases of the four isosceles triangular plates form a rectangular surface. It should be noted that the rectangular surface is a virtual surface and does not exist in the physical structure of the energy absorbing unit 1. It is pointed out here only for the convenience of clearly defining the structure.

[0022] At least two energy absorbing units 1 are combined to form an energy absorbing layer, and the rectangular surfaces of all the energy absorbing units 1 in the energy absorbing layer are coplanar; it should be noted that one energy absorbing unit 1 has a maximum of four adjacent energy absorbing units 1 and a minimum of only one adjacent energy absorbing unit 1 (i.e., the energy absorbing layer is formed by combining two energy absorbing units 1, or the energy absorbing unit 1 is located at a corner of the energy absorbing layer); preferably, the energy absorbing layer is provided with a plurality of extending along the X direction and the Y direction. In this case, the energy absorbing layer can be arranged into a desired shape as needed, such as a rectangle, a polygon or a circle. Taking a rectangle as an example, each energy absorbing unit 1 in the middle of the rectangle has four adjacent energy absorbing units 1, while the energy absorbing unit 1 located at the side of the rectangle has only three adjacent energy absorbing units 1, and the energy absorbing unit 1 located at the corner of the rectangle has only two adjacent energy absorbing units 1 ; In order to facilitate the explanation of the connection structure, the four adjacent energy absorbing units 1 are respectively defined as the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a, the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b, the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c and the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d, wherein the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a and the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b are located on opposite sides of the energy absorbing unit 1, and the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c and the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d are located on opposite sides of the energy absorbing unit 1. When the energy absorbing layer is specifically assembled, the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a, the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b, the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c and the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d do not necessarily exist at the same time, but the short sides and long sides of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates and a part of the bottom of the four isosceles triangular plates in the structure of this energy absorbing unit 1 are all used to connect adjacent energy absorbing units 1.

[0023] The isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged parallel to the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a, and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 are aligned and connected to the bases of the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a. The isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged parallel to the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b, and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 are aligned and connected to the bases of the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b. The triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged parallel to the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c, and the bottoms of the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 are aligned and connected to the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c. The triangular plate three 17 and the triangular plate four 18 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are used to be arranged parallel to the isosceles trapezoidal plate three 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four 14 of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d, and the bottoms of the triangular plate three 17 and the triangular plate four 18 are used to be aligned and connected with the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four 14 of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d. It should be noted that the phrases "for and" in this application are merely illustrative of component functions or uses and do not limit the actual connection structure of the product. Those skilled in the art should understand that the connection relationships mentioned in the embodiments are merely for explaining the technical solutions and do not exclude other connection methods that are not explicitly described but can achieve the same technical effects.

[0024] The long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 are collinear as the first long base, and the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 are collinear as the second long base, that is, the energy absorbing unit 1 has two mutually parallel long bases; the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 are collinear as the first short base, and the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 are collinear as the second short base, that is, the energy absorbing unit 1 has two mutually parallel short bases; the bases of the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 are collinear as the first base, and the bases of the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 are collinear as the second base, that is, the energy absorbing unit 1 has two mutually parallel bases, and the two bases and the two short bases constitute a rectangular surface; The anti-instability energy absorption structure provided by the present invention has the energy absorption unit 1 subjected to pressure in the plane direction of the two long bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate, and the two bases of the isosceles triangle plate are self-locked. Specifically, when the energy absorption unit 1 is subjected to pressure, the length of the two bases of the energy absorption unit 1 is reduced by , the length of the two short bottoms of the energy absorbing unit 1 is increased The lengths of the two compensate for each other, and the structural continuity is maintained. Ultimately, the isosceles trapezoidal plate, isosceles triangular plate, and multiple locations on their sides and bases undergo plastic deformation, absorbing energy far greater than that of conventional honeycomb structures, thereby enhancing their load-bearing capacity.

[0025] In addition, since the two bottom positions of the isosceles triangle plate are self-locking when under pressure, and the energy absorbing unit 1 is a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bottoms are located, the compression tangent modulus is much larger than that of the traditional honeycomb structure, and therefore has better anti-instability performance.

[0026] Specifically, the self-locking feature of the symmetrical structure is the key to the stability of the energy absorption unit 1 of the present invention. According to the Euler compression rod instability theory, the instability limit bearing capacity is proportional to the compression modulus and the section inertia moment, which can be expressed mathematically as follows:

[0027] Where, Ultimate bearing capacity before instability, is the structural compression tangent modulus, It is the minimum moment of inertia of the structure. For various types of porous cellular structures, the minimum moment of inertia can achieve a relatively similar optimized cross-section through geometric design. However, the structural compression tangent modulus is a key factor affecting anti-instability. For traditional porous cellular structures, once entering the plastic nonlinear crushing process, due to the destruction of structural integrity or the formation of the buckling mode, it manifests as a very small tangent modulus value. For example, the out-of-plane compression of the honeycomb structure has a very large modulus at the beginning, but after the buckling mode is formed, the compression modulus is extremely small, usually showing a large peak-to-flat ratio. In contrast, the energy-absorbing unit 1 of the present invention has a compression tangent modulus much larger than that of the traditional honeycomb structure because it always maintains a left-right symmetrical structure and a self-locking state, and therefore has better anti-instability performance.

[0028] The energy-absorbing layer of the present invention is the key point of improvement. By limiting the combination of adjacent energy-absorbing units 1, adjacent energy-absorbing units 1 are nested with each other, so that in the energy-absorbing layer, all energy-absorbing units 1 can deform according to the original plastic deformation zone, and can give full play to the compressive capacity and anti-instability performance of each energy-absorbing unit 1 (guaranteeing the structural compression tangent modulus of each energy-absorbing unit 1), thereby ensuring the overall anti-instability performance of the anti-instability energy-absorbing structure. Moreover, its combination method can ensure a compact structure, and can have higher compressive capacity and anti-instability performance at the same size. Specifically, traditionally, energy-absorbing units 1 are connected in series, and since the units are similar to hinge connections, they are prone to instability under compression loads; however, if Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the energy absorbing units 1 of the present invention are nested with each other, forming left and right anti-bending boundaries for the original series structure, ensuring that the energy absorbing units 1 do not become unstable, but deform along the compression direction to achieve effective energy absorption. Figure 9 In practice, the left and right bending restraints can actually move left and right because, in adjacent nested energy-absorbing units 1, the protruding side surface expands outward, while the concave side surface contracts inward. This allows the adjacent energy-absorbing units 1 to be nested, achieving a coordinated outward and inward deformation, thereby achieving excellent energy absorption.

[0029] Specifically, compared to a honeycomb energy-absorbing structure with essentially the same macroscopic dimensions and equivalent density, when both are compressed to the same position (compression of 100 mm), the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention consistently maintains a stable, gradual folding process, exhibits no overall instability, and exhibits a stable platform force, whereas the honeycomb energy-absorbing structure experiences overall instability, with the force-displacement curve exhibiting a sudden drop to a minimum. Although the honeycomb energy-absorbing structure has excellent final energy absorption, the energy absorption process primarily occurs in the initial stage, with subsequent energy absorption changes occurring slowly. In contrast, the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention maintains a steady, slow energy absorption. In summary, the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention has excellent anti-instability capabilities, can achieve stable energy absorption efficiency, and can be used in the design of long-stroke, low-overload / low-acceleration impact cushioning structures.

[0030] In one embodiment, the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is equal in length to the base of the isosceles triangular plate. The angles between isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14, and between isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 are 60°. The angles between isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12, and between isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 are 120°. In this case, the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is equal in length to the base of the isosceles triangular plate, resulting in a square surface. This arrangement in this embodiment simplifies the installation of the energy-absorbing layer, resulting in a compact structure when assembled.

[0031] In one embodiment, the energy absorbing unit 1 is located on the rectangular surface and is provided with a connecting edge 19 of a rectangular frame structure extending outward in the direction of the rectangular surface; The connecting edge 19 at the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 of the energy absorbing unit 1 is used to align and connect with the connecting edge 19 at the base of the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a; The connecting edges 19 at the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are used to align and connect with the connecting edges 19 at the bases of the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b; The connecting edge 19 at the bottom of the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the energy absorbing unit 1 is used to align and connect with the connecting edge 19 at the short bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c; The connecting edges 19 at the bottoms of the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are used to align and connect with the connecting edges 19 at the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d.

[0032] In this embodiment, by adding connecting edges 19 of a rectangular frame structure to achieve interconnection, a gap is maintained between the panels of adjacent energy absorbing units 1. This ensures that each energy absorbing unit 1 can independently deform under pressure, thereby ensuring the independent energy absorption and pressure bearing capacity of each energy absorbing unit 1. Furthermore, the gap facilitates the welding connection between two energy absorbing units 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connecting edge 19 is welded to the adjacent connecting edge 19. In this embodiment, the spacing can also facilitate the welding connection of the staff. In other embodiments, the energy absorbing layer can also be 3D printed and integrally formed. In one embodiment, the isosceles trapezoidal plate 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged to fit together with the triangular plate 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit 1a; The isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged to fit together with the triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit 1b; The triangular plate 1 15 and the triangular plate 2 16 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged to fit together with the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 11 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 14 of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit 1c; The triangular plate 3 17 and the triangular plate 4 18 of the energy absorbing unit 1 are arranged to fit together with the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 12 and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 13 of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit 1d.

[0034] In this embodiment, the rectangular frame-shaped connecting edges 19 are omitted, and the panels of adjacent energy-absorbing units 1 are bonded together, improving structural compactness. Adjacent energy-absorbing units 1 increase the plastic deformation capacity of each panel, thereby enhancing the energy-absorbing effect of the energy-absorbing layer. In this embodiment, the lack of connecting edges 19 and spacing necessitates fabrication using methods such as 3D printing.

[0035] In one embodiment, the energy absorbing unit 1 is produced by 3D printing equipment; Alternatively, the energy absorbing unit 1 is formed by folding a flat plate with prefabricated creases, in which case the seams can be welded after folding. The specific production method can be selected according to needs.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the thickness of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the isosceles triangular plate is 1.5 mm; the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is 100 mm long and the short base is 50 mm long, and the base of the isosceles triangular plate is 50 mm long. Preferably, the material of the energy absorbing unit 1 is Q235.

[0037] In one embodiment, the energy absorbing layer is stacked in parallel to form multiple layers, and the multiple layers are fixedly connected to each other to form a three-dimensional energy absorbing structure.

[0038] In one embodiment, a base plate 2 is further included, and the first energy absorbing layer is disposed on the base plate 2. The base plate 2 facilitates the assembly of the first energy absorbing layer during non-3D printing preparation, and can also serve as a base disposed above the pressurized structure.

[0039] The present invention conducts experiments to verify the anti-instability energy absorption capability. Specifically, refer to the attached Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 The thickness of the isosceles trapezoidal and isosceles triangular plates is designed to be 1.5mm; the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is 100mm long, the short base is 50mm long, and the base of the isosceles triangular plate is 50mm long. Preferably, the energy absorption unit 1 is made of Q235. With a 5mm assembly welding gap reserved (the width of the connecting edge 19 of the rectangular frame structure is 2.5mm), the cross-sectional length and width of the stable and instability-resistant energy absorption structure are 155mm and 155mm, respectively, and the length in the compression direction (the distance between the two long bases) is 433mm. For comparison and illustration, a double-walled engineered honeycomb structure with a unit cell arm length of 25.83mm and a wall thickness of 0.98mm was constructed, with a cross-sectional dimension of 154.98mm × 156.58mm and a length in the compression direction of 433mm. Therefore, the macroscopic dimensions of the honeycomb structure and the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention are basically the same, and the equivalent density is also basically the same (465 kg / m3 for origami and 459 kg / m3 for honeycomb), which can intuitively reflect the energy absorption and anti-instability performance.

[0040] Through explicit dynamic finite element analysis, the results refer to the attached Figure 12 -Attached Figure 17 The above results show that the honeycomb structure is unstable when it is compressed to 100mm due to its slender characteristics. Figure 18 , the force-displacement curve shows a sudden drop and drops to a minimum. In contrast, the energy-absorbing layer of the present invention maintains a stable gradual folding process without overall instability, and the force-displacement curve shows a stable platform force. Figure 19 The energy absorption-displacement curve shows that the honeycomb structure still has good final energy absorption, but the energy absorption process mainly occurs in the initial stage, and the subsequent energy absorption changes slowly. In contrast, the energy absorption layer of the present invention maintains a steady and slow energy absorption. In summary, the energy absorption layer of the present invention has excellent anti-instability ability and can achieve stable energy absorption efficiency, which can be used in the design of long-travel, low-overload / low-acceleration impact cushioning structures.

[0041] The present invention also provides an energy absorbing method of an anti-instability energy absorbing structure, using the above-mentioned anti-instability energy absorbing structure; When the energy absorbing unit 1 is subjected to pressure in the direction of the plane where the two long bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate are located, the two bases of the isosceles triangular plate are self-locked in position, so that the intersection area of ​​the base of the isosceles triangular plate and the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate forms a plastic deformation zone, thereby achieving compression. In addition, the energy absorbing unit 1 has a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bases are located. Combined with the self-locking movement of the base position of the isosceles triangular plate, its compression tangent modulus is enhanced; In the energy absorbing layer, all energy absorbing units 1 can deform according to the original plastic deformation zone, and can give full play to the compressive capacity and anti-instability performance of each energy absorbing unit 1, thereby ensuring the overall anti-instability performance of the anti-instability energy absorbing structure.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make many possible changes, modifications, or modifications to the technical solution of the present invention into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes using the technical content disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-instability energy absorption structure, characterized in that: The energy absorbing unit (1) includes four isosceles trapezoidal plates and four isosceles triangular plates; The four isosceles trapezoidal plates are respectively an isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11), an isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12), an isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13) and an isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14), the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) is aligned with the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12), the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) is aligned with the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13), the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13) is aligned with the short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14), and the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14) is aligned with the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11); The four isosceles triangular plates are triangular plate 1 (15), triangular plate 2 (16), triangular plate 3 (17) and triangular plate 4 (18). The two waists of triangular plate 1 (15) are aligned with the waists of one side of isosceles trapezoid plate 1 (11) and isosceles trapezoid plate 4 (14), respectively. The two waists of triangular plate 2 (16) are aligned with the waists of one side of isosceles trapezoid plate 2 (12) and isosceles trapezoid plate 3 (13), respectively. The base of triangular plate 1 (15) is aligned with the base of triangular plate 2 (16), the two waists of triangular plate 3 (17) are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoid plate 1 (11) and isosceles trapezoid plate 4 (14), the two waists of triangular plate 4 (18) are aligned with the waists of the other side of isosceles trapezoid plate 2 (12) and isosceles trapezoid plate 3 (13), respectively. The base of triangular plate 3 (17) is aligned with the base of triangular plate 4 (18); The short bases of the four isosceles trapezoidal plates and the bases of the four isosceles triangle plates form a rectangular surface; At least two energy absorbing units (1) are combined to form an energy absorbing layer, and the rectangular surfaces of all the energy absorbing units (1) in the energy absorbing layer are coplanar; The isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged parallel to each other with the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit (1a), and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) are used to be aligned with and connected to the bases of the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit (1a); The isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged parallel to each other with the triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit (1b), and the short bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) are used to be aligned with and connected to the bases of the triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit (1b); The triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged parallel to each other with the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit (1c), and the bottoms of the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) are used to be aligned with and connected to the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit (1c); The triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged parallel to each other with the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit (1d), and the bottoms of the triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) are used to be aligned and connected with the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit (1d).

2. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is equal to the base length of the isosceles triangle plate. The included angles between the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14), and between the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13) are 60°. The included angles between the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12), and between the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14) are 120°.

3. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorbing unit (1) is located on the rectangular surface and is provided with a connecting edge (19) of a rectangular frame structure extending outward in the direction of extension of the rectangular surface; The connecting edges (19) at the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to align and connect with the connecting edges (19) at the bottoms of the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit (1a); The connecting edge (19) at the short bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) of the energy absorbing unit (1) is used to align and connect with the connecting edge (19) at the bottom of the triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit (1b); The connecting edges (19) at the bottoms of the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to align and connect with the connecting edges (19) at the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit (1c); The connecting edges (19) at the bottoms of the triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to align and connect with the connecting edges (19) at the short bottoms of the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate four (14) of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit (1d).

4. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting edge (19) is welded to the adjacent connecting edge (19).

5. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged to fit together with the triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the first adjacent energy absorbing unit (1a); The isosceles trapezoidal plate 2 (12) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 3 (13) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged to fit together with the triangular plate 3 (17) and the triangular plate 4 (18) of the second adjacent energy absorbing unit (1b); The triangular plate 1 (15) and the triangular plate 2 (16) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged in a mutually fitting manner with the isosceles trapezoidal plate 1 (11) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate 4 (14) of the third adjacent energy absorbing unit (1c); The triangular plate three (17) and the triangular plate four (18) of the energy absorbing unit (1) are used to be arranged to fit together with the isosceles trapezoidal plate two (12) and the isosceles trapezoidal plate three (13) of the fourth adjacent energy absorbing unit (1d).

6. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorbing unit (1) is produced by 3D printing equipment; Alternatively, the energy absorbing unit (1) is formed by folding a flat plate with prefabricated creases.

7. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the isosceles trapezoidal plate and the isosceles triangle plate is 1.5 mm; the long base of the isosceles trapezoidal plate is 100 mm long, the short base is 50 mm long, and the base of the isosceles triangle plate is 50 mm long.

8. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The energy absorbing layer is stacked in parallel and has multiple layers.

9. The anti-instability energy absorption structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a bottom plate (2), and the first energy absorbing layer is arranged on the bottom plate (2).

10. An energy absorbing method for an anti-instability energy absorbing structure, characterized in that: Using the anti-instability energy absorption structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9; When the energy absorbing unit (1) is subjected to pressure in the direction of the plane where the two long bases of the isosceles trapezoidal plate are located, the two bottom positions of the isosceles triangular plate are self-locked in motion, so that the intersection area of ​​the bottom of the isosceles triangular plate and the short bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal plate forms a plastic deformation zone, thereby achieving compression. In addition, the energy absorbing unit (1) is a symmetrical structure along the plane where the two long bases are located, and combined with the self-locking motion of the bottom position of the isosceles triangular plate, its compression tangent modulus is enhanced; In the energy absorbing layer, all energy absorbing units (1) can deform according to the original plastic deformation zone, and can exert the compressive capacity and anti-instability performance of each energy absorbing unit (1), thereby ensuring the overall anti-instability performance of the anti-instability energy absorbing structure.

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