An observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack propagation in a dynamic water environment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of observation experimental device of tunnel lining crack propagation that can simulate dynamic water environment, it is related to tunnel lining monitoring technical field, including experiment table;The top of experiment table is fixedly installed with pressurizing assembly for regulating and controlling by inserting rod;Bottom seal is fixedly arranged in experiment table, by setting pressurizing assembly and bottom seal in experiment table, the plugging of model piece is realized by side partition and sticky adhesive seat, and the gas-tightness detection of the space inside model piece is provided by controlling gas assembly;By setting water pressure component, more complex water flow environment such as turbulent flow, pulsating flow and the like can be provided for observation process;By setting early warning component in model piece, the visual component can immediately respond to the crack and carry out observation experiment by the electric field intensity fluctuation of conducting electrode and sensitive electrode, and the observation effect of visual camera can be improved by spraying high-brightness material on the crack through external pipeline by nozzle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel lining monitoring, in particular to an observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack propagation in a dynamic water environment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel lining refers to a permanent structure that supports and maintains the long-term stability and durability of the tunnel; its functions are: supporting and maintaining the stability of the tunnel; maintaining the space required for train operation; preventing weathering of surrounding rock; removing the influence of underground water; therefore, the tunnel lining must have sufficient strength, durability and certain frost resistance, impermeability and corrosion resistance; the tunnel lining is mainly composed of arch ring, side wall, inverted arch and bottom plate.

[0003] The prior art is difficult to adjust the constant pressure hydraulic pressure, pulse frequency and other parameters in real time; at the same time, the expansion of the fracture is monitored, which is prone to poor monitoring effect due to large sample size, physical property difference and signal data distortion; at the same time, the response speed of the existing monitoring equipment is not timely enough, and most of them need to be controlled manually, lacking efficient dynamic monitoring crack capability. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack propagation in a dynamic water environment.

[0005] The present application is realized by constructing an observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack propagation in a dynamic water environment, which comprises an experiment table; a pressure assembly for regulation and control is fixedly installed on the top of the experiment table through a plug rod; a bottom sealing element is fixedly arranged inside the experiment table; a water pressure assembly with a flow guiding function is fixedly installed on the rear side of the experiment table through bolts; a gas assembly is fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table through bolts; a model piece is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom side of the experiment table.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom sealing element comprises a side partition plate fixedly installed on the left and right side notches of the experiment table; an adhesive glue seat is adhered and arranged on the top side of the experiment table top; a pressure air bag is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the side partition plate side arc plate and the inner side of the adhesive glue seat box; an adjusting cylinder with a regulation and control function is fixedly inserted and connected on the side of the adhesive glue seat; a guide groove is fixedly installed at the end of the adjusting cylinder piston rod; a walking assembly with a regulation function is fixedly installed inside the guide groove through bolts; a visual assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the walking assembly sliding block through bolts; a quick connecting valve is fixedly installed on the side through hole of the side partition plate.

[0007] Preferably, the square frame of the sticky glue seat is internally fixedly provided with a stretching device with sensing function; and the walking assembly is specifically composed of a motor, a gear box driven by the motor at the transmission shaft of the motor, a lead screw inserted into the gear box driving wheel, and a sliding block driven by the lead screw.

[0008] Preferably, the visual assembly comprises a mechanical arm with adjusting function, which is fixedly installed on the top side of the sliding block of the walking assembly by bolts; the side end of the mechanical arm is fixedly installed with a transmission assembly by bolts; and the transmission assembly is specifically composed of a housing, a worm rotatingly installed in the middle side of the housing, and a worm wheel rotatingly installed on the upper and lower sides of the worm.

[0009] Preferably, the housing of the transmission assembly is fixedly installed with a servo motor with driving function on the side by bolts; the worm wheels in the transmission assembly are respectively inserted and fixed on the side of the visual camera and the nozzle through shafts; and the housing of the visual camera is fixedly installed with an acoustic sensing member with sensing function on the bottom by bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall surface of the model member is sprayed with a warning assembly; the warning assembly comprises a conductive coating sprayed on the inner wall surface of the model member; and the inner wall of the model member is inserted and fixed with a pre-buried insulating rod.

[0011] Preferably, the threaded end of the pre-buried insulating rod is threadedly installed with a tail controller with control function; a lattice net is press-fitted at the joint of the pre-buried insulating rod and the tail controller; the lattice net is inserted and fixed with a conductive electrode and a sensing electrode on the grid, and the conductive electrode and the sensing electrode are staggered; and the tail controller is connected with the conductive electrode and the sensing electrode through cables.

[0012] Preferably, the pressurizing assembly is specifically composed of a pressure cylinder fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the experiment table, a piston plate fixedly installed on the end of the piston rod of the pressure cylinder, and an underwater camera installed on the piston plate.

[0013] Preferably, the water pressure assembly comprises a filter pressure assembly fixedly installed on the water inlet at the rear side of the experiment table by bolts; the filter pressure assembly is inserted and fixed with a first pressure relief valve on the side through a connecting pipe; the first pressure relief valve is fixedly installed on the side of the water inlet of the hydraulic pump; and a single-control electromagnetic valve is fixedly installed on the water outlet of the hydraulic pump through a connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the filter pressure assembly comprises a second pressure relief valve fixedly installed on the water inlet at the rear side of the experiment table through a connecting pipe; the second pressure relief valve is inserted and fixed with a flow buffer pipe on the side; the flow buffer pipe is fixedly installed with a sensor with data sensing function on the top by bolts; the flow buffer pipe is inserted and fixed with a lead-out pipe on the side; and a controller assembly with regulating function is fixedly installed on the outer side housing of the flow buffer pipe.

[0015] The gas assembly is preferably composed of a high-pressure gas tank fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table, a temperature control box fixedly installed at the gas outlet pipe of the high-pressure gas tank, and a valve fixedly installed on the connecting pipe between the high-pressure gas tank and the temperature control box.

[0016] The present application has the following advantages: the present application provides an observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack expansion in a dynamic water environment, which has the following improvements compared with the same type of equipment:

[0017] The observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack expansion in a dynamic water environment has the following advantages: the pressurizing assembly and the bottom sealing member are arranged inside the experiment table, the model piece is blocked by the side partition and the adhesive glue seat, and the gas-tightness of the space inside the model piece is provided by the gas assembly; the water pressure assembly can provide a relatively complex water flow environment such as turbulent flow and pulsating flow for the observation process; the early warning assembly is arranged inside the model piece, the electric field intensity fluctuation of the conductive electrode and the sensitive electrode enables the visual assembly to immediately respond to the crack and perform observation experiment, and the spray head can also spray high-brightness materials on the crack through the external pipeline to improve the observation effect of the visual camera. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the experiment table of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the bottom sealing member of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the model piece of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of position A in the present application; Figure 4

[0023] Figure 6 is an axial side structural schematic diagram of the visual assembly of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the water pressure assembly of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the pressure filtering assembly of the present application.

[0026] ​Including: experimental table-1, pressurized component-2, bottom seal-3, hydraulic component-4, gas component-5, model component-6, side partition-31, adhesive seat-32, pressure airbag-33, adjustment cylinder-34, guide groove-35, walking component-36, visual component-37, quick-connect valve-38, robotic arm-371, transmission component-372, servo motor-373, visual camera-374, nozzle-375, Acoustic sensor 376, early warning assembly 61, conductive coating 611, embedded insulating rod 612, tail controller 613, grid 614, conductive electrode 615, sensing electrode 616, filter pressure assembly 41, first pressure relief valve 42, hydraulic pump 43, single-control solenoid valve 44, second pressure relief valve 411, slow flow tube 412, sensor 413, outlet tube 414, controller assembly 415. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figures 1-8 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following paragraphs describe the present invention in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not to exact scale, and are only used for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] See also Figures 1-8The application discloses a tunnel lining crack expansion observation experiment device capable of simulating a dynamic water environment, which comprises an experiment table 1, a pressurizing assembly 2 for regulation and control is fixedly installed on the top of the experiment table 1 through a inserting rod, a bottom sealing piece 3 is fixedly arranged in the experiment table 1, a water pressure assembly 4 with a flow guiding function is fixedly installed on the rear side of the experiment table 1 through bolts, a gas assembly 5 is fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table 1 through bolts, and a model piece 6 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom side of the experiment table 1.

[0032] The pressurizing assembly 2 is specifically composed of a pressure cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the experiment table 1, a piston plate fixedly installed at the end of a piston rod of the pressure cylinder and an underwater camera installed on the piston plate.

[0033] The gas assembly 5 is composed of a high-pressure gas tank fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table 1 through bolts, a temperature control box fixedly installed at a gas outlet pipe of the high-pressure gas tank, and a valve fixedly installed on a connecting pipe of the high-pressure gas cylinder and the temperature control box.

[0034] The bottom sealing piece 3 comprises side partition plates 31 fixedly installed on the left and right side notches of the experiment table 1, a sticky glue seat 32 is adhesively arranged on the top side of the table top of the experiment table 1, pressure air bags 33 are fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the arc-shaped plate of the side partition plate 31 and the inner side of the box body of the sticky glue seat 32, respectively, an adjusting cylinder 34 with a regulation and control function is fixedly inserted on the side of the sticky glue seat 32, a guide groove 35 is fixedly inserted and installed at the end of the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 34, a walking assembly 36 with a regulation function is fixedly installed in the guide groove 35 through bolts, a visual assembly 37 is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block of the walking assembly 36 through bolts, a quick-connection valve 38 is fixedly inserted and installed on the through hole in the side of the side partition plate 31, a stretch extractor with a sensing function is fixedly arranged in the square frame of the sticky glue seat 32, and the walking assembly 36 is specifically composed of a motor, a gear box driven by the motor, a lead screw inserted on the driving wheel of the gear box and a sliding block driven on the lead screw.

[0035] The visual assembly 37 comprises a mechanical arm 371 with a regulation function fixedly installed on the top side of the sliding block of the walking assembly 36 through bolts, a transmission assembly 372 is fixedly installed at the end of the side of the mechanical arm 371 through bolts, the transmission assembly 372 is specifically composed of a shell, a worm shaft rotatably installed in the middle side of the shell and worm wheels rotatably installed on the upper and lower sides of the worm shaft, a servo motor 373 with a driving function is fixedly installed on the side of the shell of the transmission assembly 372, the worm wheels in the transmission assembly 372 are respectively fixedly inserted on the sides of a visual camera 374 and a nozzle 375 through shafts, and the shell bottom of the visual camera 374 is fixedly installed with a sound sensing piece 376 with a sensing function through bolts.

[0036] The inner wall surface of the model piece 6 is sprayed with a warning component 61; the warning component 61 comprises a conductive coating 611 sprayed on the inner wall surface of the model piece 6; the inner wall of the model piece 6 is inserted and fixed with a pre-buried insulating rod 612; the threaded end of the pre-buried insulating rod 612 is threadedly installed with a tail controller 613 with a control function; a lattice net 614 is press-fitted at the joint of the pre-buried insulating rod 612 and the tail controller 613; the lattice net 614 is inserted and fixed with a conductive electrode 615 and a sensitive electrode 616 on the lattice, and the conductive electrode 615 and the sensitive electrode 616 are staggered; the tail controller 613 is connected with the conductive electrode 615 and the sensitive electrode 616 through a cable.

[0037] Embodiment two:

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-8 Compared with embodiment one, the tunnel lining crack expansion observation experiment device of the present application can simulate a dynamic water environment, and further comprises: the water pressure assembly 4 comprises a filter pressure assembly 41 fixedly installed at the water inlet on the rear side of the experiment table 1 through bolts; the first pressure relief valve 42 is inserted and fixed on the side of the filter pressure assembly 41 through a connecting pipe; the first pressure relief valve 42 is fixedly installed on the side of the water inlet of the hydraulic pump 43; and the single-control electromagnetic valve 44 is fixedly installed on the water outlet on the front side of the hydraulic pump 43 through a connecting pipe.

[0039] The filter pressure assembly 41 comprises a second pressure relief valve 411 fixedly installed at the water inlet on the rear side of the experiment table 1 through a connecting pipe; the second pressure relief valve 411 is inserted and fixedly installed with a flow buffer pipe 412 on the side; the flow buffer pipe 412 is fixedly installed with a sensor 413 with a data sensing function on the top side through bolts; the flow buffer pipe 412 is inserted and fixedly installed with a lead-out pipe 414 on the side; and the flow buffer pipe 412 is fixedly installed with a controller assembly 415 with a regulating function on the outer side shell.

[0040] The working principle of the tunnel lining crack expansion observation experiment device based on the above is as follows:

[0041] Firstly, when using the device, the device is placed in the working area, and then the device is connected with an external power supply to provide power required for the working of the device;

[0042] Secondly, the model piece 6 is prepared by an external device, then the conductive coating 611 is sprayed on the inner side of the model piece 6, and then the lattice net 614, the conductive electrode 615 and the sensitive electrode 616 are fixedly installed on the pre-buried insulating rod 612, and then the tail controller 613, the conductive electrode 615 and the sensitive electrode 616 are connected through a cable, and the model piece 6 is placed in the square frame of the sticky glue seat 32, and the side of the model piece 6 is blocked by the side partition 31, and then the pressure gas is introduced into the pressure gas bag 33 and the adjusting cylinder 34 through external pipelines.

[0043] Third, when the pressure inside the pressure bag 33 increases, the pressure bag 33 expands to press the gap space between the square frame of the filling adhesive seat 32 and the model piece 6, and the pressure bag 33 on the side partition 31 fills the gap between the model piece 6 and the side partition 31; when the pressure inside the adjusting cylinder 34 increases, the adjusting cylinder 34 pushes the guide groove 35 to adjust the position at the top, and then connects the connecting pipe of the gas assembly 5 through the quick connection valve 38; the gas assembly 5 provides gas supply to the space formed by the model piece 6 and the adhesive seat 32 through the quick connection valve 38;

[0044] Fourth, the quick connection valves 38 on both sides of the model piece 6 are in an on-off state, and after a period of pressurization, if there is a problem with the gas tightness of the space formed by the model piece 6 and the adhesive seat 32, the internal pressure of the space will not rise, and the sealing state between the adhesive seat 32, the model piece 6 and the side partition 31 is rechecked by the worker; then the electric current is introduced into the surface of the conductive coating 611 through the conductive electrode 615, and an annular current field is formed on the surface of the conductive coating 611; the overall strength of the current field is detected by the side sensing electrode 616 arranged around the conductive electrode 615, and the electric field strength of the plurality of sensing electrodes 616 is transmitted by the tail controller 613;

[0045] Fifth, then in the dynamic water environment, the warning assembly 61 works, so that the tail controller 613 can transmit the electric field data strength of the sensing electrode 616 in the dynamic water environment; after the space formed by the model piece 6 and the adhesive seat 32 is sealed, the worker introduces the external water flow into the experimental table 1 through the water pressure assembly 4; the gas flow in the model piece 6 is provided by the gas assembly 5; when the water flow in the experimental table 1 enters the filter pressure assembly 41 through the first pressure relief valve 42 due to pressure, the water body enters the slow flow pipe 412 to reduce the flow rate of the fluid, and the water quality of the water body is detected by the sensor 413, and then the water body is pressed into the single control electromagnetic valve 44 through the flow guiding action of the hydraulic pump 43 and the first pressure relief valve 42; the water flow environment such as turbulent flow and pulsating flow is formed by controlling the single on-off of the single control electromagnetic valve 44; the data of the sensor 413 is transmitted to the controller assembly 415, and when the water quality is poor, the controller assembly 415 controls the second pressure relief valve 411 to guide the water body with poor water quality out, which is beneficial to avoid the detection effect of the water body in the circulating flow process;

[0046] Sixth, then by the pressure assembly 2 control test bench 1 internal space size and increase its internal water pressure, and under the diversion of water pressure assembly 4 form high water pressure environment under the cycle complex water conditions; in the process of increasing the internal pressure of test bench 1, the model 6 reserved crack location will gradually expand due to pressure, here due to the electrically conductive coating 611 crack and make the electric field strength data between the electrically conductive electrode 615 and the electric electrode 616 greatly fluctuate, then through the data sensing of the tail controller 613 so that the remote control terminal can respond immediately, and control the walking assembly 36 drive visual assembly 37 close to the crack, then through the mechanical arm 371 drive visual camera 374 to the crack and carry out observation experiment, at the same time through the transmission action of servo motor 373 and transmission assembly 372 drive the nozzle 375 to adjust the angle, here the nozzle 375 can also be sprayed through the external pipeline to the crack to spray high-brightness material in order to improve the observation effect of visual camera 374.

[0047] The application provides an observation experiment device for simulating tunnel lining crack expansion in a dynamic water environment, by setting the pressure assembly 2 and the bottom sealing element 3 in the test bench 1, blocking the model 6 through the side partition plate 31 and the adhesive seat 32, and providing the model 6 with air tightness detection by controlling the gas assembly 5; the water pressure assembly 4 is set to provide a relatively complex water flow environment such as turbulent flow and pulsating flow for the observation process; the early warning assembly 61 is set in the model 6, the electrically conductive electrode 615 and the electric electrode 616 can make the visual assembly 37 respond immediately to the crack and carry out observation experiment, and the nozzle 375 can also be sprayed through the external pipeline to the crack to spray high-brightness material in order to improve the observation effect of the visual camera 374.

[0048] The basic principle and main features of the application are shown and described above, and the advantages of the application are shown and described above, and the standard parts used in the application can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be ordered according to the description and the drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional bolt rivet, welding and other conventional means in the prior art, and the mechanical parts and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An observation experiment device for tunnel lining crack propagation simulation in dynamic water environment, comprising an experiment table (1); a pressurizing assembly (2) for regulation is fixedly installed on the top of the experiment table (1) through a inserting rod; a bottom sealing element (3) is fixedly arranged in the experiment table (1); a water pressure assembly (4) with a flow guiding function is fixedly installed on the rear side of the experiment table (1) through bolts; a gas assembly (5) is fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table (1) through bolts; a model element (6) is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom side of the experiment table (1); characterized in that The bottom sealing element (3) comprises side partitions (31) fixedly installed on the left and right side notches of the experiment table (1); an adhesive seat (32) is adhesively arranged on the top side of the table top of the experiment table (1); pressure air bags (33) are fixedly arranged on the side arc plate bottom of the side partitions (31) and the inner side of the box body of the adhesive seat (32); an adjusting cylinder (34) with a regulation function is fixedly inserted on the side of the adhesive seat (32); a guide groove (35) is fixedly installed at the end of the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder (34); a walking assembly (36) with a regulation function is fixedly installed in the guide groove (35) through bolts; a visual assembly (37) is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block of the walking assembly (36) through bolts; a quick connection valve (38) is fixedly installed on the side through hole of the side partitions (31); a stretch extractor with a sensing function is fixedly arranged in the square frame of the adhesive seat (32); the walking assembly (36) specifically consists of a motor, a gear box driven by the motor on the transmission shaft, a lead screw inserted on the driving wheel of the gear box, and a sliding block driven on the lead screw; The visual assembly (37) comprises a mechanical arm (371) with a regulation function fixedly installed on the top side of the sliding block of the walking assembly (36) through bolts; a transmission assembly (372) is fixedly installed on the side end of the mechanical arm (371) through bolts; the transmission assembly (372) specifically consists of a housing, a worm shaft rotatably installed in the middle side of the housing, and a worm wheel rotatably installed on the upper and lower sides of the worm shaft; a servo motor (373) with a driving function is fixedly installed on the side of the housing of the transmission assembly (372) through bolts; the worm wheels in the transmission assembly (372) are respectively inserted and fixed on the side of a visual camera (374) and a nozzle (375) through shafts; an acoustic sensing element (376) with a sensing function is fixedly installed on the bottom of the housing of the visual camera (374) through bolts; The inner wall surface of the model piece (6) is sprayed with a warning component (61); the warning component (61) comprises a conductive coating (611) sprayed on the inner wall surface of the model piece (6); the model piece (6) is provided with a pre-buried insulating rod (612) inserted and fixed on the inner wall; the threaded end of the pre-buried insulating rod (612) is provided with a tail controller (613) with a control function; the pre-buried insulating rod (612) and the tail controller (613) are provided with a grid net (614) at the joint; the grid net (614) is provided with a conductive electrode (615) and a sensitive electrode (616) inserted and fixed on the grid, and the conductive electrode (615) and the sensitive electrode (616) are distributed in an alternating manner; the tail controller (613) is connected with the conductive electrode (615) and the sensitive electrode (616) through a cable.

2. The experimental device for observing the crack propagation of a tunnel lining that can simulate a dynamic water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing assembly (2) is specifically composed of a pressure cylinder fixedly installed on the top and bottom of the experiment table (1), a piston plate fixedly installed on the end of the piston rod of the pressure cylinder, and an underwater camera installed on the piston plate.

3. The experimental device for observing the crack propagation of a tunnel lining that can simulate a dynamic water environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pressure assembly (4) comprises a filter pressure assembly (41) fixedly installed on the rear water inlet of the experiment table (1) through bolts; the filter pressure assembly (41) is provided with a first pressure relief valve (42) inserted and fixed on the side through a connecting pipe; the first pressure relief valve (42) is fixedly installed on the side water inlet of a hydraulic pump (43); and a single-control electromagnetic valve (44) is fixedly installed on the front water outlet of the hydraulic pump (43) through a connecting pipe.

4. The experimental device for observing the crack propagation of a tunnel lining that can simulate a dynamic water environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter pressure assembly (41) comprises a second pressure relief valve (411) fixedly installed on the rear water inlet of the experiment table (1) through a connecting pipe; the second pressure relief valve (411) is provided with a flow slowing pipe (412) inserted and fixed on the side; the flow slowing pipe (412) is provided with a sensor (413) with a data sensing function fixedly installed on the top side through bolts; the flow slowing pipe (412) is provided with a lead-out pipe (414) inserted and fixed on the side; and a controller assembly (415) with a regulating function is fixedly installed on the outer shell of the flow slowing pipe (412).

5. The experimental device for observing the crack propagation of a tunnel lining that can simulate a dynamic water environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas assembly (5) comprises a high-pressure gas tank fixedly installed on the front side of the experiment table (1) through bolts, a temperature control box fixedly installed on the gas outlet pipe of the high-pressure gas tank, and a valve fixedly installed on the connecting pipe of the high-pressure gas cylinder and the temperature control box.

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