Method for constructing artificial forest for synergistically improving service and material ecological products

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of artificial forest construction and cultivation, in particular to an artificial forest construction method for synergistically improving service and material ecological products, comprising the following steps: S1: tree modeling: first, determine the tree species in the afforestation area and establish a growth model, estimate the morphological structure parameters of the branch positions of each level of branches of each type of tree according to the growth model, and predict the growth structure morphology of the tree; since the shape of the tree branches will change as they continue to grow, therefore, based on the algorithm principle of the Berlin noise, the height and diameter of the branch position that needs natural bending are taken as input quantities, the obtained Berlin noise branch is taken as the bending angle, and is written into the L system expression, which can effectively simulate the bending shape of the tree branches, thereby more accurately reflecting the growth change of the tree, helping the model to simulate the growth of the tree and improving the construction prediction effect of the artificial forest.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial forest construction and cultivation, and specifically is a method for constructing an artificial forest that synergistically improves service and material ecological products. Background Art

[0002] Non-forested land refers to barren hills, wastelands, logging sites, burned sites, tidal flats, sandy wastelands and abandoned mining bases that are suitable for afforestation, generally referred to as suitable forest land; afforestation operations include seed collection, seedling cultivation, planting and young forest tending, and the forests formed are called artificial forests; compared with natural forests, artificial forests have the following advantages: the maturity period of the forest is shortened; standing trees are evenly distributed, which is conducive to the full utilization of land and light energy; target tree species can be selected to meet the needs of production and life; single-layer or multi-layer forest structures can be formed according to the characteristics of tree species and the purpose of afforestation; intensive management is convenient to maintain a high forest productivity; management is convenient and mechanized operations are easy; ecological synergy refers to the synergy, cooperation and interactive relationship between the various elements within the ecosystem, and between the ecosystem and the social and economic systems. The synergy of service and material ecological products is the construction of artificial forests;

[0003] However, during the construction of artificial forests, the growth conditions of various types of trees are different. The workload of observing the growth status through routine means is large, and different types of trees require special distribution and planting according to their growth conditions, which affects the construction effect of artificial forests. During the growth of trees, not all living branches contribute to the growth of the trunk. Some living branches in the lower part of the crown are blocked by upper branches and leaves or adjacent trees, and the photosynthetic products they synthesize can only meet their own growth and respiration, and there are no additional photosynthetic products provided for trunk growth, which affects the growth of trees and the construction of artificial forests. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology and solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for constructing an artificial forest that synergistically improves service and material ecological products.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the present invention proposes a method for constructing an artificial forest that synergistically improves service and material ecological products, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Tree modeling:

[0007] First, the tree species in the afforestation area are determined and a growth model is established. Based on the growth model, the morphological and structural parameters of the branches at each level of each tree are estimated, and the growth structure of the trees is estimated. Herbs, shrubs, and vines are added according to the growth model.

[0008] S2: Growth estimation:

[0009] Based on the growth model, the three-dimensional reconstruction method is used to simulate the growth of the first-level branches of trees, estimate the length of the first-level branches of trees, and simulate the crown shape and internal structure;

[0010] S3: Division of Yin crown and Yang crown:

[0011] Select tree height and underbranch height samples of tree samples, and use the tree height equation, underbranch height equation, and contact height equation to establish a system of simultaneous equations; personnel measure the growth variables of the sample trees, substitute the measured data into the system of simultaneous equations, and calculate the effective crown height in the tree crown;

[0012] S4: Soil nutrient testing:

[0013] The average biomass method is used to estimate the carbon source reserves of each tree planting area, and the distribution of tree planting is carried out based on the estimated results; sample trees are selected in the forest, and detection tubes are buried in the soil around them to detect the nutrients for tree growth.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of detection sensors are evenly arranged in the afforestation area, and wireless network hardware nodes are configured as signal connections; the growth model is constructed based on the linear model type.

[0015] Preferably, in S1, the structure of the trees is first analyzed to establish a data structure for describing the morphology of the tree species, which is used to store the morphological and structural parameters of individual trees; then the trunk and crown shapes are simulated using the parametric modeling method of the L system combined with the growth model, and the natural bending of the trunk is simulated by introducing a noise algorithm; then, S2 is entered to simulate the primary branches of the artificial Korean pine using an image-based three-dimensional reconstruction method; finally, the above parts are integrated together to complete the three-dimensional simulation of individual trees in the afforestation.

[0016] Preferably, in S2, the geometry method, the contour curve method, or the layered cutting method is used in combination with the construction method to calculate the volume and surface area of ​​the entire crown for use in constructing the crown model.

[0017] Preferably, in S4, the trees of the plantation are planted using a tree planting method, and the planting method is as follows:

[0018] Crown projection method: The interval is determined based on the crown projection area of ​​the mature sample tree, and the interval is 1.5 to 2 times the crown diameter;

[0019] Volume calculation method: calculate the required space by the crown volume, and determine the spacing based on the tree species and growth height. It is used for tree species with higher crowns.

[0020] Data calculation method: Use the tree model in S2 to load into the environmental model for simulation, and calculate the planting interval data through comparative analysis, which is used for tree species with irregular crowns or plant characteristics.

[0021] Preferably, in S3, the point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar scanning is used to extract tree height, branch height, contact height and diameter at breast height data, establish tree height curve, branch height and contact height base equation, and establish simultaneous equations by fitting method, and evaluate by regression analysis method.

[0022] Preferably, in S3, the point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar is used to extract tree height, diameter at breast height, coordinates, crown width, crown diameter, crown volume, branch height, lowest contact height and highest contact height data of the sample trees by denoising, ground point classification and normalization processing of the registered point cloud by Lidar360 software, and the data is substituted into the simultaneous equations to obtain the estimated data.

[0023] Preferably, the calculation formula of the carbon reserve amount calculated by the biomass in S4 is as follows:

[0024] ;

[0025] Wherein, is the carbon reserve amount, is the biomass of the sample land, is the carbon content rate in the biomass, which is the ratio of the total carbon in the living and dead microorganisms in the soil to the soil sample amount;

[0026] Biomass The average wood method is obtained, that is, through sample plot investigation, sampling according to the diameter class distribution and the average diameter at breast height and average tree height of each diameter class, felling sample trees with average diameter at breast height and tree height of the stand as standard trees, taking the biomass of the standard trees as the biomass of the average wood of the sample plot, and multiplying by the stand density to obtain the biomass of the afforestation distribution per unit area, and the formula is as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] Wherein, is the biomass, is the average tree biomass.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0030] 1. The service and material ecological product synergistic promotion method for constructing artificial forest of the present application applies a linear model for the growth model, for the linear model, the commonality problem between independent variables needs to be considered, therefore, the variance inflation factor is used for testing, the result value less than 5 indicates that the multicollinearity between the prediction factors is small, the information is less redundant, such prediction variable can improve the prediction stability of the model, thereby improving the growth simulation effect and further improving the construction effect.

[0031] 2. The method for constructing artificial forests that synergistically improves service and material ecological products described in the present invention, since the shape of tree branches will change with continuous growth, is based on the algorithm principle of Perlin noise, and takes the height and diameter of the branch position that needs to be naturally bent as input. The Perlin noise branch obtained is used as the bending angle and written into the L system expression. This can effectively simulate the bending shape of the tree branches, thereby more accurately reflecting the growth changes of the trees, helping the model to simulate the growth of trees and improving the estimated effect of artificial forest construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the detection tube of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is the state diagram of the fertilizer plate swinging out of the detection port;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the state where the vibration plate contacts the vibration groove;

[0037] In the figure: detection tube 1, detection port 11, fertilizer box 12, fertilizer port 13, fertilizer plate 14, vibration plate 15, vibration trough 16, vibration rod 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings shown in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] In order to effectively solve the above problems, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the method for constructing a plantation forest that synergistically improves service and material ecological products includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: Tree modeling:

[0042] First, the climate, soil, and pests of the afforestation area are adapted and matched to determine the tree species. A growth model is then established for each of the identified tree species. Based on the growth model, the morphological and structural parameters of the branches at each level of each tree are estimated, and the growth structure of the trees is estimated. Herbs, shrubs, and vines are then added based on the growth model.

[0043] S2: Growth estimation:

[0044] Based on the growth model, the three-dimensional reconstruction method is used to simulate the growth of the first-level branches of trees, estimate the length of the first-level branches of trees, and simulate the crown shape and internal structure;

[0045] S3: Division of Yin crown and Yang crown:

[0046] Select tree height and underbranch height samples of tree samples, and use the tree height equation, underbranch height equation, and contact height equation to establish a system of simultaneous equations; personnel measure the growth variables of the sample trees, substitute the measured data into the system of simultaneous equations, and calculate the effective crown height in the tree crown;

[0047] S4: Soil nutrient testing:

[0048] The average biomass method is used to estimate the carbon source reserves of each tree planting area, and the distribution of tree planting is determined based on the estimated results. Sample trees are selected in the forest, and test tubes are buried in the soil around them. Personnel reach into the test tubes and sample the soil at the sampling depth to test the nutrients for tree growth.

[0049] According to the construction area and location of the artificial Korean pine forest, some herbaceous plants, shrubs and vines are added to beautify and synergize the artificial forest, such as:

[0050] Plant Viola yedoensis in places with relatively weak light, such as the edge of a red pine forest, in open spaces under the forest, or along forest trails.

[0051] Beneficial effects: Viola yedoensis has small, brightly colored flowers, mostly purple or lavender, that bloom from April to May, adding color to Korean pine forests and beautifying the understory. As a shade-tolerant plant, it adapts to the light conditions under Korean pine forests and forms a healthy symbiotic relationship with them. Its roots can consolidate soil and retain water, reducing water and soil erosion in forests. Decomposition of its debris can also increase soil organic matter content and improve soil structure.

[0052] Plant spirea at the edge of a red pine forest or in an open area between trees in a sunny environment, but it can also grow in partial shade;

[0053] Beneficial effects: Spiraea plants are beautiful, with dense flowers in colors such as white and pink. The flowering period is from June to August, and it is very ornamental when in full bloom. Spiraea has strong adaptability and can grow well in environments such as the edges of Korean pine forests, playing a certain role in windbreak and sand fixation. Its flowers can attract insects such as bees, contributing to the ecological balance and species diversity of Korean pine forests. At the same time, the activities of insects can promote pollen dissemination, which also indirectly helps Korean pine reproduction.

[0054] In addition, according to the lighting conditions and soil structure in different areas of the plantation, additional plants are planted to improve the soil and growth environment around the red pine, while enhancing the beautification effect of the plantation;

[0055] Multiple detection sensors are evenly arranged in the afforestation area, and wireless network hardware nodes are configured as signal connections to expand the detection area and detection efficiency, providing precise and efficient data support for climate and soil and water detection. For pests and diseases, biological detection of tree vegetation in the area is carried out, and combined with the existing local pest and disease species, afforestation pests and diseases are estimated in advance, which is conducive to the healthy growth of subsequent afforestation trees. The growth model is constructed based on the linear model type. First, a scatter plot between the independent variable and the dependent variable is drawn, and a trend line is added. The type of trend line is determined and the type of alternative model is determined. This situation is only suitable for the case where there is one independent variable. When there are multiple independent variables, a scatter plot of each independent variable and the dependent variable is drawn separately, and the type of trend line is determined to determine the type of alternative model. Through data correlation analysis, the correlation between the values ​​is determined and the prediction variable is selected. The growth model used in this application is a linear model. For linear models, the commonality between independent variables needs to be considered. Therefore, the variance inflation factor is used for testing. The result value is less than 5, indicating that the collinearity between the predictors is small and the information redundancy is low. Such predictor variables will improve the prediction stability of the model, thereby improving the growth simulation effect and thus improving the construction effect.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] Based on Example 1, in S1, the tree structure is first analyzed to establish a data structure for describing the morphology of tree species, which is used to store the morphological and structural parameters of individual trees. The trunk and crown shapes are then simulated using a parametric modeling method combining an L system and a growth model, and a noise algorithm is introduced to simulate the natural curvature of the trunk. Then, in S2, an image-based 3D reconstruction method is used to simulate the primary branches of Korean pine plantations. Finally, all of the above components are integrated to complete the 3D simulation of individual trees in the afforestation.

[0058] The L system is a formal system used to describe the biological growth process and is used to simulate the growth morphology of plants;

[0059] In terms of appearance, trees can be divided into three parts: trunk, crown, and root. Since the root is difficult to measure and observe accurately, the focus of tree 3D visualization research is on the trunk and crown. The shape of the trunk changes with the height of the trunk. From bottom to top, its thickness gradually decreases. When segmenting the trunk of a tree, the first step is the ground diameter-diameter at breast height segment, then the diameter at breast height-tree top position, and finally the above two parts are integrated together to obtain the complete trunk shape. Since the shape of tree branches changes as they grow, based on the algorithm principle of Perlin noise, the height and diameter of the branch position that needs to be naturally bent are used as input, and the Perlin noise branch is used as the bending angle. This is written into the L system expression, which can effectively simulate the bending shape of the tree branches, thereby more accurately reflecting the growth changes of the tree, helping the model to simulate the growth of trees and improve the construction prediction effect of artificial forests.

[0060] The crown of a tree includes structures such as primary branches, secondary branches, and leaves. Parameters such as branch length and the angle of the trunk determine the shape, structure, and size of the crown. Multi-view image reconstruction technology is used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of primary branches, secondary branches, and leaves. This technology primarily uses image analysis to extract useful data from images to obtain values, vectors, and symbols. The process of digitally describing an image is called image feature extraction, and the digital description of the image is the feature. Three-dimensional modeling software is used to model the crown.

[0061] Finally, the 3D modeling of the trunk and crown is integrated until the entire tree is drawn, ultimately obtaining a single tree model. The model is then simulated using simulation software to accurately reflect the tree's growth and improve the estimated effect of the plantation construction.

[0062] The environment model in the existing software library is used as the planting plot. The tree model is loaded into the environment model and built. In order to ensure the image quality and overall running speed, the detail level model in graphics, such as the LOD model, is used. When the plot data is loaded, in order to achieve the authenticity of the environment, it is required to generate corresponding graphic images in real time as the perspective changes. The user can change it at will to feel the dynamics of the environment. This requires meeting two conditions. The first is relatively natural dynamics, which requires at least 10 frames per second, otherwise there will be a sense of discontinuity. The other condition is latency, which must not be greater than 0.25 seconds. Both of these are closely related to the speed of graphic generation, which is closely related to the speed of computer graphics. This is hardware-related, but due to the complexity of the virtual environment, the detail level model in graphics is used to solve this problem. Although this model is not the only one, it is also the main commonly used method. Therefore, after using the detail level model, the visual characteristics of the human eye are taken into account, which can effectively resolve the contradiction between scene complexity and graphics rendering speed, improve the effect of growth model simulation, and reduce the risk of delays and other factors that affect people's construction judgment, thereby improving the estimated effect of artificial forest construction. In addition, combined with the method of introducing a natural noise algorithm to simulate the bending of branches, the established tree model not only restores the trees realistically from a statistical perspective, but also the branch detail model is close to reality in terms of visual effects, further improving the effect of growth model simulation and improving the estimated effect of artificial forest construction.

[0063] In S2, the geometry method, contour curve method, or layered cutting method is used in combination with the construction method to calculate the volume and surface area of ​​the entire crown for crown model construction. The geometry method, contour curve method, and layered cutting method are commonly used formula methods for calculating the crown, namely:

[0064] Geometric method: Assuming that the crown volume satisfies a parabola or cone, if the crown volume is a cone, the crown volume and crown length are calculated based on the crown radius and crown length. This method is used for tree species with rounded crowns.

[0065] The contour curve method assumes that the cross-section of each section at the height of the crown is a circle. The crown volume and surface area can be derived by integrating the contour curve. This method is suitable for tree species with gourd-shaped crowns.

[0066] The layered cutting method assumes that the crown is composed of several geometric bodies and calculates the volume and surface area of ​​each crown layer. This method is suitable for tree species with irregular or non-curved crowns.

[0067] By combining the three methods above, we can use them to specifically calculate the crown volume and surface area of ​​different tree species in planted forests. These values ​​can be written into the growth model to improve the realism of the growth model, thereby improving the effectiveness of the growth model simulation and, in turn, the effectiveness of the estimated construction of the planted forest. In addition, when analyzing the crown volume and surface area, we can eliminate discontinuous canopy layers at the bottom of the crown to reduce the excessive volume caused by factors such as crown competition.

[0068] In S4, the tree planting method is used to plant trees in the plantation. The planting method is as follows:

[0069] Crown projection method: The spacing is determined based on the crown projection area of ​​mature sample trees. The spacing is 1.5 to 2 times the crown diameter. This method is used for tree species with large crowns to prevent adjacent crowns from covering each other, resulting in tree roots not receiving sunlight, thereby improving the construction effect of the artificial forest.

[0070] Volumetric calculation method: Calculate the required space based on the crown volume, and determine the spacing based on the tree species and growth height. This method is used for tree species with tall crowns to avoid the situation where trees are too far apart from each other, resulting in a waste of planting land. This method improves the planting effect of trees in the plantation by rationally planning them, and thus improves the effectiveness of the plantation construction.

[0071] Data calculation method: Utilize the method of simulating by loading the tree model in S2 into the environmental model, and calculate the planting interval data through comparative analysis. This method is used for tree species with irregular crowns or plant characteristics, so as to avoid the occurrence of disorderly irregular crowns in artificial forests, thereby increasing the aesthetics of artificial forest construction and improving the construction effect of artificial forests.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] Based on Example 2, in S3, point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar scanning is used to extract tree height, branch height, contact height, and breast diameter data. The tree height curve, branch height, and contact height basic equations are established. A fitting method is used to establish a system of simultaneous equations, and regression analysis is used for evaluation. The TLS survey method for tree parameters can be combined with traditional survey methods. TLS data can be used in the process of building a growth model to reparameterize the model, which not only improves the accuracy of the model but also fully considers the variables in crown growth. Moreover, the calculation method of the simultaneous equation system can also verify that the model has a high predictive ability.

[0074] In S3, the point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar is used. The registered point cloud is denoised, ground points are classified and normalized through Lidar360 software to extract the tree height, diameter at breast height, coordinates, crown width, crown diameter, crown volume, height under branches, lowest contact height and highest contact height data of the trees in the sample plot. The data are substituted into the system of simultaneous equations to obtain the estimated data. Traditional forestry extraction of tree height, height under branches and contact height requires manual on-site single tree detection, and detailed measurement of each tree is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, the existing system of simultaneous equations is used, and the final estimated data of the system of simultaneous equations shows that as the diameter at breast height continues to increase, the tree height also continues to increase, and the thicker the tree, the higher the tree height; but as the diameter at breast height increases, the tree height increases. After reaching a certain extent, the contact height and the height under the branches will be relatively reduced, that is, the thicker the tree is and the better it grows, the larger the tree crown and the larger the effective crown will be; when the tree grows well, the competition pressure becomes smaller, the natural pruning ability is poor, so there are relatively fewer dead branches, the first living branches are relatively low, and the crown is tower-shaped, so the height under the branches is relatively low; when the growth of trees is uneven, that is, the more intense the competition, the higher the height under the branches, the greater the natural pruning effect, the more dead branches there are, the first living branches are relatively higher, and the height under the branches is also higher; and the determination accuracy of the contact height can indirectly determine the height of the effective crown, which is beneficial to subsequent artificial pruning, tending and thinning, thereby improving the construction effect of the artificial forest;

[0075] Example 4:

[0076] Based on Example 3, the calculation formula for estimating carbon source reserves using biomass in S4 is as follows:

[0077] ;

[0078] in, is the carbon source reserve, is the biomass of the sample land, The carbon content in biomass refers to the ratio of the total carbon content in living and dead microorganisms in the soil to the amount of soil sample;

[0079] biomass It is obtained through the average tree method, that is, through plot surveys, sampling is carried out according to the distribution of tree diameter classes and the average diameter at breast height and average tree height of each diameter class. Sample trees with the average diameter at breast height and tree height of the stand are cut down as standard trees. The biomass of these trees is used as the biomass of the average tree in the plot, and multiplied by the stand density to obtain the biomass of afforestation distribution per unit area. The formula is as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] in, is the biomass, is the average tree biomass;

[0082] The average biomass method is based on data from field surveys, exploring the relationship between biomass and other related variables, and expanding the carbon estimation value at a certain point or small area unit at the spatial level. It can estimate large-scale forest biomass and is currently the most widely used traditional research method for forest communities. The method of using the average tree method to obtain the numerical value of carbon source reserves destroys less of the original sample trees, reducing the workload and making data acquisition simple and fast. In addition, the average tree method uses formulas for calculations, which is less affected by human factors than sampling and calculating by destroying samples one by one, thereby improving the accuracy of data acquisition, thereby providing strong data support for afforestation site selection and tree species distribution, and thus improving the construction effect of artificial forests.

[0083] Example 4:

[0084] Based on the first embodiment, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the detection tube 1 is distributed in a ring around the sapling, and the detection tube 1 is obliquely inserted into one side of the sapling; the detection tube 1 is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, which respectively correspond to the shallow layer, the middle layer and the deep layer of the sapling root system, and a detection port 11 is opened in each layer of the detection tube 1, one side of the detection port 11 is close to the sapling root system, and the other side is far away from the sapling root system; a fertilizer box 12 is evenly slidably connected in the detection tube 1, and three fertilizer boxes 12 are connected to each other vertically through the top and the bottom, and the fertilizer box 12 is pulled out of the detection tube 1 through the top of the detection tube 1, and a fertilizer port 13 is provided on the outer surface of the fertilizer box 12, and the fertilizer port 13 is connected to the detection tube 1. The opening 11 coincides; a fertilizer plate 14 is hingedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the fertilizer opening 13 by a torsion spring, and a vibration plate 15 is provided on the outer ring surface of the fertilizer plate 14, and the vibration plate 15 is close to one end of the fertilizer plate 14; vibration grooves 16 are evenly provided on the inner wall of the detection tube 1, and the cross section of the vibration groove 16 is serrated, one end of the vibration plate 15 extends into the vibration groove 16, and the vibration groove 16 is away from the detection opening 11; a vibration rod 17 is hingedly connected to the inner ring surface of the fertilizer plate 14 by a torsion spring, and the cross section of the vibration rod 17 is T-shaped, and one end of the vibration rod 17 contacts the curved side wall of the fertilizer box 12; the number of fertilizer boxes 12 can be determined according to on-site needs;

[0085] Specific work flow: when planting trees in an artificial forest, detection tubes 1 are distributed in a ring with each sapling as the center, and the detection tubes 1 are inserted obliquely downward into the soil, keeping one side of the detection port 11 at the root system of the sapling and the other side at the soil; when fertilization and detection are not needed, the worker pulls out the fertilizer box 12 from the top of the detection tube 1 and seals the top of the detection tube 1. Since the detection tube 1 is tubular, the opening at the bottom of the detection tube 1 will contact the soil. If some soil enters the detection tube 1 from the detection port 11, this part of the soil will roll down along the inner wall of the detection tube 1 to the bottom and merge with the soil at the bottom of the detection tube 1, which will not affect the use of the detection tube 1; and it is only necessary to arrange several detection tubes 1 around each sapling. When fertilization and soil nutrient detection are needed, the worker carries the fertilizer box 12 and inserts it into the detection tube 1 one by one to fertilize or take soil samples. This not only solves the problem of fertilization depth and improves the fertilization effect, but also reduces the use cost and improves practicality. After the trees grow up, the detection tube 1 can also be recycled;

[0086] When fertilizing saplings, if fertilizer is easily washed away or evaporated by rainwater in the shallow layer, too much fertilizer will be concentrated in the shallow layer, which may lead to overdevelopment of the shallow root system, while the deep root system cannot obtain enough nutrients, affecting the long-term growth and stress resistance of the saplings. In addition, the moisture in the surface soil evaporates quickly, and the concentration of fertilizer increases further after dissolution, increasing the risk of root burn. If it is in the deep layer, it may not be absorbed by the shallow root system in time, resulting in waste. Therefore, the worker mixes the shallow, middle and deep fertilizers and water suitable for the root system of the saplings, and adds them to the fertilizer box 12 in sequence, so that the fertilizer suitable for the shallow layer is added to the shallow soil through the shallow fertilizer box 12, so as to achieve the purpose of fertilizing the saplings with different suitable fertilizers at one time, thereby improving the fertilization effect, thereby improving the growth effect of the saplings, and then improving the construction effect of the artificial forest.

[0087] Then, the worker inserts the fertilizer box 12 from the top of the detection tube 1, and the outer surface of the fertilizer box 12 contacts the inner wall of the detection tube 1. If there is soil in the detection tube 1, it will be squeezed and pushed to the bottom of the detection tube 1 by the fertilizer box 12, cleaning the inside of the detection tube 1 while avoiding affecting the sampling work; after the fertilizer box 12 is installed, the worker twists the fertilizer box 12 at the top of the fertilizer box 12 with a tool, and the fertilizer box 12 drives the fertilizer port 13 to rotate, and the fertilizer port 13 drives the fertilizer plate 14 and the vibration plate 15 to rotate; when the vibration plate 15 contacts the serrated vibration groove 16 during the rotation process, the vibration plate 15 is affected by the torsion spring, and generates an ups and downs motion when passing through the vibration groove 16, causing the vibration plate 15 to collide with the vibration groove 16 multiple times, causing the fertilizer box 12 to vibrate, achieving a vibration mixing effect on the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box 12, thereby improving the dissolution efficiency of the fertilizer and improving the fertilization effect;

[0088] Moreover, since the detection tube 1 is tilted, the vibration plate 15 is located obliquely above, and the fertilizer moves obliquely below, at which time the vibration rod 17 is inserted into the fertilizer; when the vibration plate 15 rises and falls, it drives the vibration rod 17 to swing, and one end of the T-shaped plane of the vibration rod 17 swings in the fertilizer, thereby achieving the purpose of stirring the fertilizer, further improving the mixing effect of the fertilizer, thereby improving the dissolution efficiency of the fertilizer and improving the fertilization effect; moreover, during the swinging process, the vibration rod 17 contacts the inner wall of the fertilizer box 12, forming a knocking effect, and cooperating with the vibration of the vibration plate 15, the fertilizer adhering to the inner wall of the fertilizer box 12 is shaken off, thereby avoiding excessive fertilizer hanging on the wall of the fertilizer box 12 and resulting in insufficient fertilization, thereby further improving the fertilization effect;

[0089] Then, the vibration plate 15 passes over the vibration groove 16, the fertilizer port 13 coincides with the detection port 11, and the fertilizer plate 14 is no longer squeezed by the inner wall of the detection tube 1, so that the fertilizer plate 14 is affected by the torsion spring and swings through the detection port 11, thereby opening the fertilizer port 13, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 12 flows into the soil; and after the worker opens the fertilizer port 13 by forward rotation, he can also slightly reverse the fertilizer box 12, and the fertilizer box 12 drives the fertilizer plate 14 to move in the opposite direction in the soil. The fertilizer plate 14 is squeezed by the soil and is limited, and the fertilizer is applied. The fertilizer box 12 continues to reverse, causing the fertilizer plate 14 to gradually swing away from the fertilizer port 13, expanding the opening range of the fertilizer port 13, accelerating the flow rate of the fertilizer, and thus improving the fertilization efficiency; after fertilizing, the fertilizer box 12 is driven to rotate forward, and the fertilizer plate 14 rotates to contact the inner wall of the detection port 11. After being squeezed, it gradually swings back to its original position until the fertilizer plate 14 is restored to the fertilizer port 13, re-blocking the fertilizer port 13, completing the fertilization work and improving the convenience of use; finally, the worker pulls out the fertilizer box 12 or continues to leave it in the detection tube 1;

[0090] When testing the soil around the saplings, the fertilizer box 12 rotates forward until the fertilizer port 13 is opened. At this time, the fertilizer plate 14 swings through the detection port 11 and the inner surface of the fertilizer plate 14 contacts the soil. The worker significantly reverses the fertilizer box 12, and the inner circle of the arc-shaped fertilizer plate 14 digs the soil around the detection port 11. The soil enters the fertilizer box 12 along the arc-shaped inner wall of the fertilizer plate 14 until the inner surface of the fertilizer plate 14 is stuck by the inner wall of the detection port 11; then, the worker rotates the fertilizer box 12 forward until the outer surface of the fertilizer plate 14 contacts the inner wall on the other side of the detection port 11, and the worker reverses the fertilizer box 12 again. 2 dig up the soil, and repeat this cycle until the soil sampling is completed; then, the soil can be extracted from the detection box to carry out the detection work, which improves the convenience of use; and the fertilizer box 12 digs soil at different depths at the same time, completing the simultaneous sampling of soil at different depths at the same location, improving the accuracy of soil nutrient detection, providing important data for the construction of artificial forests, thereby improving the construction effect of artificial forests; moreover, the fertilizer box 12 has a small number of parts, and during repeated use, only a small amount of water is needed to rinse, reducing residue and further improving practicality.

[0091] The foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the application and application of its more prominent features. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the application is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated and that many changes and modifications will occur to them without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The present application is therefore not to be limited to the exact details shown and described but only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an artificial forest that synergistically improves service and material ecological products, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: Tree modeling: First, the tree species in the afforestation area are determined and a growth model is established. Based on the growth model, the morphological and structural parameters of the branches at each level of each tree are estimated, and the growth structure of the trees is estimated. Herbs, shrubs, and vines are added according to the growth model. S2: Growth estimation: Based on the growth model, the three-dimensional reconstruction method is used to simulate the growth of the first-level branches of trees, estimate the length of the first-level branches of trees, and simulate the crown shape and internal structure; S3: Division of Yin crown and Yang crown: Select tree height and underbranch height samples of tree samples, and use tree height equation, underbranch height equation and contact height equation to establish a system of simultaneous equations; The staff measured the growth variables of the sample trees, substituted the measured data into the system of simultaneous equations, and calculated the effective crown height in the tree canopy; S4: Soil nutrient testing: The average biomass method is used to estimate the carbon source reserves of each tree planting area, and the distribution of tree planting is determined based on the estimated results. Sample trees are selected in the forest, and test tubes are buried in the soil around them to test the tree growth nutrients. The detection tubes are distributed in a ring around the saplings, and are obliquely inserted into one side of the saplings; the detection tubes are divided into upper, middle and lower layers, corresponding to the shallow, middle and deep layers of the saplings' root systems respectively, and a detection port is opened in each layer of the detection tubes, one side of the detection port is close to the saplings' roots, and the other side is far away from the saplings' roots; a fertilizer box is evenly slidably connected in the detection tube, and three fertilizer boxes are vertically connected to each other through the top and bottom, and the fertilizer box is pulled out of the detection tube through the top of the detection tube, and a fertilizer port is provided on the outer surface of the fertilizer box. The fertilization port coincides with the detection port; a fertilization plate is hinged on the inner wall of one side of the fertilization port through a torsion spring, and a vibration plate is provided on the outer ring surface of the fertilization plate, and the vibration plate is close to one end of the fertilization plate; vibration grooves are evenly provided on the inner wall of the detection tube, and the cross-section of the vibration groove is serrated, one end of the vibration plate extends into the vibration groove, and the vibration groove is away from the detection port; a vibration rod is hinged on the inner ring surface of the fertilization plate through a torsion spring, and the cross-section of the vibration rod is T-shaped, and one end of the vibration rod contacts the curved side wall of the fertilizer box; the number of fertilizer boxes can be determined according to on-site needs.

2. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple detection sensors are evenly arranged in the afforestation area, and wireless network hardware nodes are configured as signal connections; the growth model is constructed based on the linear model type.

3. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, we first analyze the structure of trees and establish a data structure to describe the morphology of tree species, which is used to store the morphological and structural parameters of individual trees. We then use the parametric modeling method of the L system combined with the growth model to simulate the trunk and crown shape, and introduce a noise algorithm to simulate the natural curvature of the trunk. Then, we enter S2 and use an image-based three-dimensional reconstruction method to simulate the primary branches of the artificial Korean pine.

4. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the geometry method, contour curve method, or layered cutting method is used in combination with the construction method to calculate the volume and surface area of ​​the entire crown for crown model construction.

5. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the tree planting method is used to plant trees in the plantation. The planting method is as follows: Crown projection method: The spacing is determined based on the crown projection area of ​​the mature sample tree, with the spacing being 1.5 to 2 times the crown diameter. Volume calculation method: The required space is calculated based on the crown volume, and the spacing is determined based on the tree species and growth height. This method is used for tree species with tall crowns. Data calculation method: Use the tree model in S2 to load into the environmental model for simulation, and calculate the planting interval data through comparative analysis, which is used for tree species with irregular crowns or plant characteristics.

6. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar scanning were used to extract tree height, branch height, contact height and breast diameter data, and the basic equations of tree height curve, branch height and contact height were established. The fitting method was used to establish a system of simultaneous equations, and regression analysis was used for evaluation.

7. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, point cloud data obtained by ground-based radar are used. The registered point cloud is denoised, ground point classification and normalization are performed using Lidar360 software. The tree height, diameter at breast height, coordinates, crown width, crown diameter, crown volume, height under branches, minimum contact height and maximum contact height of the trees in the sample plot are extracted. The data are substituted into the system of simultaneous equations to obtain estimated data.

8. The method for constructing an artificial forest to synergistically enhance service and material ecological products according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula for estimating carbon source reserves based on biomass in S4 is as follows: K = W * C; Where K is the carbon source reserve, W is the biomass of the sample land, and C is the carbon content in the biomass, which refers to the ratio of the sum of the carbon in living and dead microorganisms in the soil to the amount of soil sample; Biomass W is obtained by the average tree method, that is, through a sample plot survey, sampling is carried out according to the distribution of tree diameter classes and the average diameter at breast height and average tree height of each diameter class. Sample trees with the average diameter at breast height and tree height of the stand are cut down as standard trees. The biomass of these trees is used as the biomass of the average tree in the sample plot. Multiplying this by the stand density, the biomass of the afforestation distribution per unit area can be obtained. The formula is as follows: Where W is the biomass, is the average tree biomass.

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