Traditional Chinese medicine low-carbon planting intelligent monitoring, regulating and controlling system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

A traditional Chinese medicine low-carbon planting intelligent monitoring, regulating and controlling system based on the Internet of Things comprises an intelligent monitoring, regulating and controlling module 1, and the intelligent monitoring, regulating and controlling module 1 comprises an environmental data monitoring module 2, a data processing execution center 3 and an environmental factor regulating and controlling device 4; wherein the environmental data monitoring module 2 collects environmental data in real time and uploads the environmental data to the data processing execution center 3, the data processing execution center 3 is connected with the environmental factor regulation and control device 4 through an API interface, and the environmental factor regulation and control device 4 is connected with the intelligent irrigation system, the LED adjustable spectrum light source system and the Venturi tube system. According to the invention, comprehensive monitoring and accurate regulation and control of the traditional Chinese medicine planting environment are realized through the intelligent monitoring and regulation and control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] China currently attaches great importance to the development of green and low-carbon industries. The "14th Five-Year Plan for National Agricultural Green Development" proposes "promoting the reduction of agricultural inputs, cleaner production, and waste resource utilization." Against this backdrop, the country has successively issued policy documents such as the "Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine" and the "Implementation Plan for Emission Reduction and Carbon Sequestration in Rural Agriculture," explicitly encouraging the green transformation of agriculture through scientific and technological innovation and promoting the application and promotion of crop-livestock cycles and ecological agriculture models. Phased targets have been set for 2025, 2030, and 2060, integrating carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals into medium- and long-term plans for economic and social development.

[0003] Currently, there are numerous waste issues in traditional Chinese medicine cultivation. Studies have shown that the effective water utilization coefficient for agricultural irrigation in my country is only around 0.55. As part of agriculture, traditional Chinese medicine cultivation also has a low water resource utilization efficiency, resulting in significant waste. Approximately 15 million tons of fertilizer and 1 million tons of pesticide are used in traditional Chinese medicine cultivation in my country. In soils where traditional Chinese medicines are cultivated continuously for a long period of time, the organic matter content decreases by approximately 20%-30%, and the soil porosity decreases by 15%-25%.

[0004] While algae carbon sequestration has high environmental value, it also presents challenges. Existing research indicates that every ton of microalgae biomass produced can sequester 1.83 tons of carbon dioxide and release 0.9 tons of oxygen. Microalgae carbon sequestration efficiency is as high as 0.3g / L / day, and biomass accumulation can exceed 1g / L. my country is the world's largest seaweed producer, and global algae aquaculture has demonstrated intelligent development. However, it also presents environmental challenges such as pollution from algal blooms and red tides, as well as high energy consumption and low energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: An intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things, the intelligent monitoring and control system includes an intelligent monitoring and control module 1, the intelligent monitoring and control module 1 includes an environmental data monitoring module 2, a data processing execution center 3 and an environmental factor control device 4; wherein: the environmental data monitoring module 2 collects environmental data in real time and uploads it to the data processing execution center 3, the data processing execution center 3 is connected to the environmental factor control device 4 through an API interface, and the environmental factor control device 4 is respectively connected to an intelligent irrigation system, an LED adjustable spectrum light source system, and a Venturi tube system.

[0007] The present invention also has the following additional technical features: As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the environmental data monitoring module 2 adopts the line blanking board K10, and the line blanking board K10 can monitor the environmental data in real time, collect the environmental data in real time and upload it to the data processing execution center 3.

[0008] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the data processing execution center 3 adopts the SIOT platform, and the SIOT platform plays a central control role in the intelligent monitoring and control system based on the Internet of Things and big data; the SIOT platform adopts the MITT lightweight message protocol to realize low-power communication between sensors, execution equipment and the cloud, and supports cross-system data interaction; the TOP / IP protocol is used for key control instructions to ensure reliable and accurate transmission; the environmental factor control device 4 is connected through the API interface to perform intelligent control of abnormal environmental factors.

[0009] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the environmental factor control device 4 adopts an ESP8266 main control board, and the ESP8266 main control board is respectively connected to the intelligent irrigation system, the LED adjustable spectrum light source system, and the Venturi tube system.

[0010] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: one end of the intelligent irrigation system is connected to the microalgae breeding water source, and the other end is connected to the traditional Chinese medicine planting area. The intelligent irrigation system will automatically start the water replenishment function to introduce nutrient-rich water into the traditional Chinese medicine planting area. After receiving the feedback from the data processing execution center 3, the microalgae planting area will introduce a new environmental water source to regulate the Redfield ratio balance.

[0011] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the LED spectrally adjustable light source system performs red and blue light matching; the light source configuration determines the power according to the size of the actual application environment.

[0012] As a further specific optimization of the technical solution of the present invention: the Venturi tube system includes a contraction section, a throat section, and a diffusion section; when the water flows through the contraction section, the flow velocity increases, and a negative pressure area is formed at the throat section. The negative pressure environment inhales CO2 gas through the air inlet and violently mixes with the high-speed water flow in the throat section. The high-speed water flow produces a shearing effect on the CO2 bubbles, breaking them into micron-sized bubbles, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area, and accelerating the dissolution of CO2. After the mixed fluid enters the diffusion section, the flow velocity decreases, the pressure rises, and the undissolved CO2 bubbles are further compressed and dissolved.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention achieves comprehensive monitoring and precise control of the traditional Chinese medicine cultivation environment through an intelligent monitoring and control system. First, the environmental data monitoring module monitors key parameters of the cultivation environment, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil nutrients, in real time, ensuring data accuracy and timeliness. This data is rapidly uploaded to the data processing and execution center, providing strong support for subsequent intelligent control.

[0014] The data processing and execution hub, the core of the system, leverages the powerful capabilities of the SIOT platform to rapidly process and analyze massive amounts of data. By employing the MITT lightweight messaging protocol, the system achieves low-power, high-efficiency communication between sensors, actuators, and the cloud, ensuring real-time data transmission and accurate command execution. Furthermore, the application of the TOP / IP protocol further enhances the transmission reliability of key control commands, providing a solid foundation for the system's stable operation.

[0015] To regulate environmental factors, this system connects an intelligent irrigation system, an LED tunable spectrum light source system, and a Venturi tube system via an ESP8266 main control board, achieving precise control of the growing environment. The intelligent irrigation system automatically replenishes water based on soil moisture and crop needs, while also introducing nutrient-rich water to promote the healthy growth of traditional Chinese medicine crops. The LED tunable spectrum light source system adjusts red and blue light according to the specific application environment and crop growth requirements, providing optimal lighting conditions for crops. The unique design of the Venturi tube system enables efficient dissolution and utilization of CO2, ensuring an adequate supply of CO2 for crops.

[0016] In summary, the present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring and precise control of the Chinese medicine planting environment by integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, effectively improves the water resource utilization efficiency and fertilizer and pesticide utilization rate of Chinese medicine planting, reduces soil pollution and resource waste, and provides strong support for the green transformation and sustainable development of the Chinese medicine industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: intelligent monitoring and control module 1, environmental data monitoring module 2, data processing execution center 3, environmental factor control device 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0020] An intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things. The intelligent monitoring and control system uses the Internet of Things and big data as the system control core, monitors and controls environmental conditions in real time, and processes, analyzes and provides feedback on data, providing a stable external environment for the growth of microalgae and plant-based traditional Chinese medicine.

[0021] The intelligent monitoring and control system includes an intelligent monitoring and control module 1, which is used to complete closed-loop control of environmental data collection, uploading, analysis, processing, acceptance, execution, and feedback adjustment. The intelligent monitoring and control module 1 includes an environmental data monitoring module 2, a data processing and execution hub 3, and an environmental factor control device 4. Specifically, the environmental data monitoring module 2 collects and uploads environmental data in real time to the data processing and execution hub 3. The data processing and execution hub 3 is connected to the environmental factor control device 4 via an API interface. The environmental factor control device 4 is connected to the intelligent irrigation system, the LED tunable spectrum light source system, and the Venturi tube system.

[0022] The environmental data monitoring module 2 uses a line air board K10. The growth of algae and Chinese medicinal materials requires suitable environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light and carbon dioxide. The line air board K10 can monitor the above environmental data in real time, collect the environmental data in real time and upload it to the data processing execution center 3; The data processing and execution center 3 uses the SIOT platform, which plays a central regulatory role in the intelligent monitoring and control system based on the Internet of Things and big data. The SIOT platform uses the MITT lightweight message protocol to achieve low-power communication between sensors, execution devices and the cloud, supporting cross-system data interaction. The TOP / IP protocol is used for key control instructions to ensure reliable and accurate transmission. The environmental factor control device 4 is connected through the API interface to intelligently control abnormal environmental factors and maintain environmental stability. The environmental factor control device 4 adopts an ESP8266 main control board, and the ESP8266 main control board is respectively connected to the intelligent irrigation system, the LED adjustable spectrum light source system, and the Venturi tube system.

[0023] One end of the intelligent irrigation system is connected to the microalgae cultivation water source and the other end is connected to the traditional Chinese medicine planting area. The microalgae cultivation water source is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements required for the growth of medicinal materials. However, when the content of inorganic or organic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements dissolved in the water is too high, it will have multiple adverse effects on the growth of microalgae. For example, it may cause osmotic pressure imbalance of microalgae cells, inhibit the absorption of other nutrients, interfere with the normal metabolism of algae, and even induce poisoning reactions.

[0024] When the water environment is not suitable for the growth of microalgae and the environmental sensors in the Chinese medicine planting area detect that the soil moisture and nutrient content in the area are reduced, the intelligent irrigation system will automatically start the water replenishment function to introduce nutrient-rich water sources into the Chinese medicine planting area. After receiving the feedback from the data processing execution center 3, the microalgae planting area will introduce new environmental water sources to regulate the Redfield ratio balance and make full use of the nutrients produced by the microalgae.

[0025] The LED spectral tunable light source system blends red and blue light; the power of the light source configuration is determined based on the specific application environment. Blue light (peak wavelength 450nm) promotes chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis efficiency in microalgae, while red light (peak wavelength 660nm) promotes growth and biomass accumulation. Based on the light saturation points of different algae at different growth stages, the LED spectral light source system automatically adjusts the light intensity and duration, achieving automatic light supplementation, avoiding power waste and improving light source utilization, surpassing the limit of less than 1% light utilization for plants in natural ecosystems.

[0026] The Venturi tube system comprises a contraction section, a throat section, and a diffuser section. It requires no mechanical agitation, resulting in low energy consumption; high dissolution efficiency (up to 2-5 times higher than traditional bubbling methods); and a simple structure, making it easy to integrate into microalgae cultivation systems. The optimal CO2 dissolution range is determined based on the microalgae species. As water flows through the contraction section, its velocity increases, creating a negative pressure region in the throat section. This negative pressure environment draws CO2 gas through the air inlet, where it is vigorously mixed with the high-speed water flow in the throat section. The high-speed water flow shears the CO2 bubbles, breaking them into micron-sized bubbles. This significantly increases the gas-liquid contact area and accelerates CO2 dissolution. Once the mixed fluid enters the diffuser section, its velocity decreases, and its pressure rises, further compressing and dissolving any undissolved CO2 bubbles. If the CO2 concentration measured by the environmental data monitoring module 2 (blank plate K10) is below the target value, the environmental factor control device 4 automatically increases the CO2 intake (or extends the gas supply time). If it is above the target value, the intake is reduced or gas supply is suspended, achieving dynamic regulation of carbon dioxide content. Example

[0027] Data monitoring and transmission of the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: The environmental data monitoring module 2 (K10 board) is equipped with sensors for temperature and humidity, light intensity, CO2 concentration, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, collecting real-time environmental data from the microalgae cultivation area and the traditional Chinese medicine planting area. This collected data is uploaded to the data processing and execution hub 3 (SIOT platform) via the MITT lightweight messaging protocol. Based on IoT and big data technologies, the SIOT platform stores, analyzes, and simulates AI algorithms on the data, identifying whether environmental parameters deviate from preset thresholds. If the data is abnormal, the SIOT platform sends control instructions to the environmental factor control device 4 (ESP8266 main control board) via the TOP / IP protocol, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of command transmission.

[0028] Environmental intelligent control of the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: When the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the water of the microalgae cultivation area are too high, the intelligent irrigation system determines that the microalgae growth environment has deteriorated. At the same time, the soil moisture or nutrient content in the traditional Chinese medicine cultivation area falls below a threshold. The environmental factor control device 4 (ESP8266 main control board) triggers the intelligent irrigation system to introduce microalgae cultivation wastewater rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium into the traditional Chinese medicine cultivation area to provide nutrients for the medicinal herbs. New water sources are then introduced to the microalgae cultivation area to adjust the Redfield ratio and maintain a suitable environment for microalgae growth.

[0029] The LED tunable spectrum light source system presets standard data within the data processing and execution hub 3 (SIOT platform) based on the light saturation points of different algae at different growth stages, as well as their varying requirements for light intensity and spectrum. When natural light is insufficient, the environmental factor control device 4 (ESP8266 main control board) controls the LED light source to automatically adjust the red-to-blue light ratio. Blue light (450nm) promotes chlorophyll synthesis, while red light (660nm) promotes biomass accumulation. This ensures precise light supplementation, ensuring energy efficiency and reducing power consumption.

[0030] The air flow control board K10 monitors CO2 concentration in real time. If it falls below the target value, the environmental factor control device 4 (ESP8266 main control board) controls the Venturi tube to increase the CO2 intake or extend the air supply time. As water flows through the constriction section of the Venturi tube, the flow rate increases, creating a negative pressure at the throat that draws in CO2. The high-speed water flow breaks it into micron-sized bubbles, accelerating its dissolution. If the CO2 concentration rises above the target value, the air intake is reduced or the air supply is suspended to achieve dynamic balance. Example

[0031] Analysis of resource recycling in the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: Microalgae fix CO2 through photosynthesis. This carbon-fixed microalgae can be used to produce biofuels, completing the carbon cycle. Microalgae aquaculture wastewater, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and protein, is delivered to traditional Chinese medicine cultivation areas through an intelligent irrigation system, replacing some chemical fertilizers. Waste products such as roots, stems, leaves, and fallen flowers generated during the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicines are composted and converted into soil-improving materials containing humic acid and microbial flora. Humic acid enhances the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, while microorganisms inhibit soil-borne diseases, completing the "waste-organic fertilizer-soil improvement" cycle.

[0032] Performance analysis of the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: The K10 sensor on the Xingkong board monitors parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity within a ±5% error range, monitors CO2 concentration within a ±3% error range, and monitors nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels within a ±5% error range, ensuring data reliability. The delay from detecting an anomaly in the data to executing the control command is ≤5 minutes. If the CO2 concentration falls below the threshold, the Venturi tube activates air replenishment within 3 minutes, and the concentration can be restored to the target range within 20 minutes. Through closed-loop control, temperature fluctuations in the microalgae cultivation area are controlled within ±2°C, light intensity fluctuations within ±10%, soil moisture fluctuations within the traditional Chinese medicine cultivation area within ±5%, and CO2 concentration fluctuations within ±5%, providing a stable environment for plant and animal growth.

[0033] Annual carbon sequestration prediction of the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: According to the formula for calculating carbon fixation in a single culture unit and The data measured by this system shows that the microalgae culture batches are 2 times a day, and the annual carbon fixation capacity of a 1000L culture unit can reach 24,768 tons, with significant environmental benefits.

[0034] Calculation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other element contents in the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: According to the calculation formula of the total amount of various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the system It can be calculated that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements contained in 50 liters of water are 2.5 grams, 0.5 grams and 0.1 grams respectively.

[0035] Comparison of Venturi tube carbon dioxide dissolution rate of the IoT-based low-carbon Chinese medicine planting intelligent monitoring and control system: According to Henry's law, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in water is the Henry coefficient (dependent on temperature, e.g., 0.034 at 25°C). Multiple experiments and comparisons with the traditional bubbling method show that the dissolution efficiency of the traditional bubbling method is approximately 20%-30%, while the dissolution efficiency of the Venturi tube can reach 60%-80%. This improves the carbon dioxide dissolution efficiency by three times.

[0036] Redfield ratio control calculation of the intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things: The Redfield ratio (C:N:P = 106:16:1) is used to measure the nutrient balance of water bodies. If the actual ratio deviates from 106:16:1, the system must be regulated to supplement nutrients or change the water source.

[0037] The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: The intelligent monitoring and control system includes an intelligent monitoring and control module 1, which includes an environmental data monitoring module 2, a data processing execution center 3 and an environmental factor control device 4; wherein: the environmental data monitoring module 2 collects environmental data in real time and uploads it to the data processing execution center 3, the data processing execution center 3 is connected to the environmental factor control device 4 through an API interface, and the environmental factor control device 4 is respectively connected to the intelligent irrigation system, the LED adjustable spectrum light source system, and the Venturi tube system.

2. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental data monitoring module 2 adopts a line air board K10, which can monitor environmental data in real time, collect the environmental data in real time, and upload it to the data processing execution center 3.

3. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing execution center 3 adopts the SIOT platform, which plays a central control role in the intelligent monitoring and control system based on the Internet of Things and big data; the SIOT platform adopts the MITT lightweight message protocol to achieve low-power communication between sensors, execution devices and the cloud, and supports cross-system data interaction; the TOP / IP protocol is used for key control instructions to ensure reliable and accurate transmission; the environmental factor control device 4 is connected through the API interface to perform intelligent control of abnormal environmental factors.

4. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental factor control device 4 adopts an ESP8266 main control board, and the ESP8266 main control board is respectively connected to the intelligent irrigation system, the LED adjustable spectrum light source system, and the Venturi tube system.

5. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One end of the intelligent irrigation system is connected to the microalgae breeding water source, and the other end is connected to the Chinese medicine planting area. The intelligent irrigation system will automatically start the water replenishment function to introduce nutrient-rich water into the Chinese medicine planting area. After receiving the feedback from the data processing execution center 3, the microalgae planting area will introduce new environmental water sources to regulate the Redfield ratio balance.

6. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized by: The LED spectrum adjustable light source system is used to adjust the red and blue light; the light source configuration determines the power according to the actual application environment.

7. The intelligent monitoring and control system for low-carbon planting of traditional Chinese medicine based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4 is characterized by: The Venturi tube system includes a contraction section, a throat section, and a diffusion section. When water flows through the contraction section, the flow rate increases, and a negative pressure area is formed in the throat section. The negative pressure environment inhales CO2 gas through the air inlet and violently mixes with the high-speed water flow in the throat section. The high-speed water flow exerts a shearing effect on the CO2 bubbles, breaking them into micron-sized bubbles, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area and accelerating the dissolution of CO2. After the mixed fluid enters the diffusion section, the flow rate decreases, the pressure rises, and the undissolved CO2 bubbles are further compressed and dissolved.

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