Electronic measuring and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic measuring and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress, which relates to the technical field of constructional engineering monitoring and comprises a flexible framework made of shape memory polymer. The flexible framework is pre-shaped to fit various complex shapes of a core tube and a beam-column joint in a basement concrete structure to be mounted, and under the cooperation of the flexible framework, the dynamic supporting assembly and the driving regulation and control assembly, once stress abnormity is detected, the flexible framework is driven to rotate; the device can quickly respond to local stress concentration caused by non-uniform expansion caused by concrete hydration heat or foundation settlement, a gear rack lifting structure drives a supporting force arm joint and a stress force arm joint which are made of shape memory alloy materials, the supporting angle and supporting force distribution are accurately adjusted, the stress concentration phenomenon is effectively relieved, and the service life of the device is prolonged. Crack, deformation and even structural damage of concrete due to the stress problem are prevented, and the structural safety is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering monitoring, in particular to an electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urban construction, basements, as an essential component of urban architecture, are growing in size and complexity. Mass concrete is widely used in basement construction. However, during construction and use, complex stress variations occur within mass concrete due to factors such as hydration heat, temperature fluctuations, and foundation settlement. If these stresses are not effectively monitored and controlled, they can lead to cracks, deformation, and even structural failure in the concrete, seriously compromising the safety and durability of the basement structure.

[0003] At present, the basement construction site environment is complex and the construction processes are frequently crossed. During the concrete pouring process, the installation position of the sensor is difficult to determine accurately, and it is easy to be hit and squeezed by construction operations such as steel bar binding and concrete vibration, resulting in sensor damage or installation position deviation, affecting measurement accuracy. Traditional electronic measurement and monitoring devices can only perform detection operations. However, when the structure generates stress concentration due to the loading of the upper building, the concrete cracks due to excessive stress, and it is impossible to monitor the concrete stress in time. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an electronic measurement and monitoring device for the stress of large-volume concrete in the basement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic measurement and monitoring device for the stress of large-volume concrete in basements, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above-mentioned background technology that during the concrete pouring process, the installation position of the sensor is difficult to determine accurately, and it is easily affected by collision and extrusion during construction operations such as steel bar binding and concrete vibration, resulting in damage to the sensor or displacement of the installation position, affecting the measurement accuracy. In addition, the traditional electronic measurement and monitoring device can only perform detection operations, but when the structure generates stress concentration due to the loading of the upper building, the concrete will crack due to excessive stress, and the concrete stress cannot be monitored in time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electronic measurement and monitoring device for mass concrete stress in a basement, comprising a flexible skeleton fabricated from a shape-memory polymer. The flexible skeleton is pre-shaped to conform to the various complex shapes of the core tube and beam-column joints within the basement concrete structure for installation. Multiple sets of high-precision stress sensors are evenly distributed and mounted on the surface of the flexible skeleton. The high-precision stress sensors are securely secured to their mounting locations on the flexible skeleton using 3D-printed elastic clips. Two or more mounting brackets are installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton, a driving and regulating assembly is installed on the top of the mounting bracket, and three sets of dynamic support assemblies are installed on the outer periphery of the driving and regulating assembly; The dynamic support assembly includes a casing, a supporting arm joint, a force-bearing arm joint, and a supporting contact surface. A pressure sensor, a shear force sensor, and a torque sensor are respectively installed on the surface of the supporting contact surface. The joint parts of the supporting arm joint and the force-bearing arm joint are made of a high-strength, lightweight shape memory alloy material. A microprocessor and a wireless communicator are installed inside the drive and control component. The microprocessor is used to analyze the concrete stress distribution in real time based on the measurement data of the pressure sensor. When abnormal stress in a certain area is detected, the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component are automatically adjusted by controlling the deformation of the supporting arm joint and the load-bearing arm joint, thereby providing auxiliary support and stress regulation for the concrete structure.

[0006] Preferably, a gear rack lifting structure is installed inside the casing, and the gear rack lifting structure consists of a rack sliding column, a guide column and a stressed gear, and the side end of the rack sliding column is connected to the stressed arm joint, and a protective cover is installed at the side end of the casing, and the protective cover is used to provide all-round protection and isolation for the supporting arm joint, the stressed arm joint and the supporting contact surface, so that when forming dynamic support adjustment, it can avoid the invasion of impurities such as cement slurry during concrete pouring, and prevent it from affecting the flexible rotation of each joint and the flatness and fitting effect of the supporting contact surface, and can resist the adverse effects such as extrusion and friction caused by the internal stress change of the concrete during the hardening of the concrete and the subsequent stress deformation of the structure, so as to ensure that the supporting arm joint can accurately respond to the driving command of the gear rack lifting structure, realize the precise adjustment of the support angle, so that the stressed arm joint can stably and efficiently transmit the supporting force, and ensure that the supporting contact surface is always in close and uniform contact with the internal structure of the concrete.

[0007] Preferably, microchannels are installed on the outside of multiple groups of the high-precision stress sensors. When concrete is poured, the microchannels are used to be promptly filled with specific curing materials, so that the bonding strength between the flexible skeleton and the concrete is enhanced after curing, while further protecting the high-precision stress sensors.

[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing rib fixing structure is installed at the bottom of the microchannel, the reinforcing rib fixing structure is connected to the surface of the flexible skeleton, and the reinforcing rib fixing structure is used to be installed on the steel skeleton at the core tube and beam-column nodes.

[0009] Preferably, the drive control component includes a spherical joint, the microprocessor and the wireless communicator are integrated and installed inside the spherical joint, a first bevel gear is installed at the inner bottom end of the spherical joint, and the side end of the first bevel gear is meshedly connected with a second bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, a first electromagnetic blocker is installed at the bottom end of the first bevel gear, a second electromagnetic blocker is installed at the side end of the second bevel gear, and a connecting key shaft is installed at the side center end of the second bevel gear.

[0011] Preferably, a third bevel gear is installed on the side end of the connecting key shaft, a third electromagnetic blocker is installed on the side end of the third bevel gear, the side end of the third bevel gear is meshed and connected with a fourth bevel gear, and a fourth electromagnetic blocker is installed on the side end of the fourth bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, an energy-saving variable frequency drive structure is installed inside the mounting frame, and the top output end of the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure is connected to the first bevel gear.

[0013] Preferably, the microprocessor has a fault diagnosis and repair function. When a fault is detected in the drive control component and the dynamic support component, it can automatically analyze the cause of the fault and try to repair it by adjusting the control strategy. If it cannot be repaired by itself, the fault alarm information will be sent in time through the wireless communicator. The microprocessor has a built-in self-maintenance and self-calibration unit for regularly calibrating high-precision stress sensors, pressure sensors, shear force sensors and torque sensors.

[0014] Preferably, the wireless communicator transmits the stress data collected by the high-precision stress sensor, pressure sensor, shear force sensor and torque sensor to the cloud server in real time. The signal lines collected by the high-precision stress sensor, pressure sensor, shear force sensor and torque sensor use shielded lines and are wired separately from the power line and the power line. The signal output ends of the high-precision stress sensor, pressure sensor, shear force sensor and torque sensor are all connected to isolation amplifiers.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention, through the coordinated use of a flexible skeleton, dynamic support components, and drive and control components, provides a solid guarantee for the safety and durability of large-volume concrete structures in basements. Multiple sensors work together to monitor and regulate stress. High-precision stress sensors precisely capture stress changes at various locations within the concrete, while pressure sensors, shear force sensors, and torque sensors focus on stress data at the support contact surfaces. A microprocessor uses advanced algorithms to analyze this data in real time. Once stress anomalies are detected, such as uneven expansion caused by concrete hydration heat or localized stress concentration caused by foundation settlement, it responds quickly. Furthermore, the rack-and-pinion lifting structure, driven by support and load-bearing arm joints made of shape-memory alloy, precisely adjusts the support angle and force distribution, effectively alleviating stress concentration and preventing cracks, deformation, and even structural damage in the concrete caused by stress issues. This significantly improves the safety of the structure. Furthermore, shields on the side ends of the casing provide all-round protection for the support components, preventing impurities from intruding and affecting component performance during concrete pouring. They also resist adverse effects such as extrusion and friction caused by internal stress changes during concrete hardening and subsequent use, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the support components and indirectly improving the durability of the concrete structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main view of an electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to the present invention; Figure 2 This invention is an electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the driving and regulating component and the dynamic support component in the electronic measurement and monitoring device for the stress of large-volume concrete in a basement according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the installation positions of a microprocessor and a wireless communicator in an electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to the present invention; Figure 5 This invention is an electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B; Figure 6 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic support assembly in an electronic measurement and monitoring device for stress of large-volume concrete in a basement according to the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Flexible skeleton; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Drive control assembly; 30. Spherical joint; 31. First bevel gear; 32. Second bevel gear; 33. Second electromagnetic blocker; 34. Connecting key shaft; 35. Third electromagnetic blocker; 36. Third bevel gear; 37. Fourth bevel gear; 38. Fourth electromagnetic blocker; 4. Dynamic support assembly; 41. Casing; 42. Gear rack lifting structure; 43. Supporting force arm joint; 44. Forced force arm joint; 45. Support contact surface; 46. Shear force sensor; 47. Pressure sensor; 5. Reinforcement rib fixing structure; 6. High-precision stress sensor; 7. Energy-saving variable frequency drive structure; 8. Microprocessor; 9. Wireless communicator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 - Figure 6 The figure shows an electronic measurement and monitoring device for large-volume concrete stress in a basement, comprising a flexible skeleton 1 made of a shape-memory polymer. The flexible skeleton 1 is pre-shaped to fit the various complex shapes of the core tube and beam-column joints within the basement concrete structure for installation. Multiple groups of high-precision stress sensors 6 are evenly distributed and installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. The high-precision stress sensors are securely fixed to the mounting locations of the flexible skeleton 1 using 3D-printed elastic clips. Two or more mounting frames 2 are installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. A driving and regulating component 3 is installed on the top of the mounting frame 2. Three sets of dynamic support components 4 are installed on the outer periphery of the driving and regulating component 3. The dynamic support assembly 4 includes a casing 41, a supporting arm joint 43, a force-bearing arm joint 44, and a supporting contact surface 45. A pressure sensor 47, a shear force sensor 46, and a torque sensor are mounted on the surface of the supporting contact surface 45. The joints of the supporting arm joint 43 and the force-bearing arm joint 44 are made of a high-strength, lightweight shape memory alloy. A microprocessor 8 and a wireless communicator 9 are installed inside the drive and control component 3. The microprocessor 8 is used to analyze the concrete stress distribution in real time based on the measurement data of the pressure sensor 47. When abnormal stress in a certain area is detected, the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component 4 are automatically adjusted by controlling the deformation of the supporting arm joint 43 and the load-bearing arm joint 44, thereby providing auxiliary support and stress regulation for the concrete structure.

[0020] A rack and pinion lifting structure 42 is installed inside the casing 41. The rack and pinion lifting structure 42 consists of a rack sliding column, a guide column and a stressed gear. The side end of the rack sliding column is connected to the stressed arm joint 44. A shield is installed at the side end of the casing 41. The shield is used to provide all-round protection and isolation for the supporting arm joint 43, the stressed arm joint 44 and the supporting contact surface 45. When dynamic support adjustment is formed, the intrusion of impurities such as cement slurry during concrete pouring can be avoided to prevent it from affecting the flexible rotation of each joint and the flatness and fitting effect of the supporting contact surface. In addition, it can resist the adverse effects such as extrusion and friction caused by the internal stress change of the concrete during the hardening of the concrete and the subsequent stress deformation of the structure, ensuring that the supporting arm joint 43 can accurately respond to the driving command of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42, realize the precise adjustment of the support angle, and enable the stressed arm joint 44 to stably and efficiently transmit the supporting force, ensuring that the supporting contact surface 45 is always in close and uniform contact with the internal structure of the concrete.

[0021] Microchannels are installed on the outside of multiple groups of high-precision stress sensors 6. When concrete is poured, the microchannels are used to fill specific curing materials in a timely manner, so that the bonding strength between the flexible skeleton 1 and the concrete is enhanced after curing, and at the same time, the high-precision stress sensors 6 are further protected.

[0022] A reinforcing rib fixing structure 5 is installed at the bottom of the microchannel, and the reinforcing rib fixing structure 5 is connected to the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. The reinforcing rib fixing structure 5 is used to be installed on the steel skeleton at the core tube and the beam-column node.

[0023] In this embodiment, before the construction of large-volume concrete in the basement, the workers pre-shape the flexible skeleton 1 made of shape memory polymer according to the shape of the core tube and beam-column nodes. The shape memory polymer can maintain the shaped shape at room temperature, and can restore the original shape under a certain temperature or external force stimulation, which is convenient for fitting and installation on the surface of complex structures. After the shaping is completed, multiple groups of high-precision stress sensors 6 are evenly installed on the installation positions on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1 using 3D-printed elastic clips. The high-precision stress sensors 6 have extremely high sensitivity and stability and can accurately measure the stress changes inside the concrete. Subsequently, the reinforcement fixing structure 5 is connected to the surface of the flexible skeleton 1 and installed on the steel skeleton at the core tube and beam-column nodes. The reinforcement fixing structure 5 not only enhances the connection stability between the flexible skeleton 1 and the concrete structure, but also optimizes the stress transfer path to ensure that the device works stably and reliably inside the concrete. Then, two or more mounting frames 2 are installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. An energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 is provided inside the mounting frame 2. The top output end is connected to the first bevel gear 31 in the drive control component 3, and the spherical joint 30 of the drive control component 3 integrates a microprocessor 8 and a wireless communicator 9, which lays the foundation for subsequent data processing and transmission. At the same time, three sets of dynamic support components 4 are installed on the outer periphery of the drive control component 3, and a gear rack lifting structure 42 is installed inside the protective tube 41 in the dynamic support component 4, and a protective cover is installed on the side end to complete the preliminary assembly of the entire device. Later, when the concrete pouring operation is carried out, as the concrete is injected, the microchannels outside the flexible skeleton 1 are promptly filled with specific curing materials. As the curing material solidifies, on the one hand, the bonding force between the flexible skeleton 1 and the concrete is enhanced, making the device and the concrete structure a whole, and better sensing the internal stress of the concrete. On the other hand, it further protects the high-precision stress sensor 6 to prevent damage due to the impact and extrusion of the concrete during the pouring process. At this time, various sensors in the overall device start working. The pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46 and torque sensor collect stress data at the support contact surface 45 in real time, and the high-precision stress sensor 6 collects stress data at other positions inside the concrete. These data are transmitted to the microprocessor 8 through the shielded wire. The shielded wire effectively reduces the impact of external electromagnetic interference on data transmission, ensuring the accuracy of the data. At the same time, the isolation amplifier connected to the sensor signal output end isolates the sensor signal from the subsequent processing circuit, further improving the signal transmission quality. Then, after the microprocessor 8 receives the sensor data, it uses the built-in advanced algorithm to perform real-time analysis on the stress distribution of the concrete. Under normal circumstances, the internal stress of the concrete is in a relatively stable state, and the fluctuations of the sensor data are within a reasonable range. Once the stress in a certain area is abnormal, for example, due to uneven expansion of concrete hydration heat, local stress concentration caused by foundation settlement, etc., the data detected by the pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46, torque sensor and high-precision stress sensor 6 will exceed the preset normal range. The microprocessor 8 quickly captures these abnormal data and determines the abnormal stress area and severity. When the stress abnormality is determined, the microprocessor 8 sends an instruction to the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7, causing the gear rack lifting structure 42 to work, and the rack slide in the gear rack lifting structure 42 extends or retracts, driving the support arm joint 43 to move. Since the joint part of the support arm joint 43 is made of high-strength and lightweight shape memory alloy material, it can deform accurately, so that under the drive of the gear rack lifting structure 42, the support arm joint 43 accurately adjusts the angle, and then drives the connected force arm joint 44 to move. The force arm joint 44 is also made of shape memory alloy material, which can stably and efficiently transmit the supporting force, so that the support contact surface 45 is in close and uniform contact with the internal structure of the concrete, playing an auxiliary supporting role in the concrete structure, changing the stress distribution in the area, and alleviating the stress concentration phenomenon. During this process, the microprocessor 8 continuously monitors the sensor data and adjusts the working state of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 in real time according to the stress changes, so as to realize the precise dynamic adjustment of the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component 4. For example, if the stress concentration is not significantly alleviated, the microprocessor 8 will further increase the output force of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 and increase the deformation degree of the supporting arm joint 43 and the force-bearing arm joint 44 to provide greater support force. If the stress changes too quickly, the microprocessor 8 will adjust the movement speed of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 so that the support component can respond to stress changes more quickly. Secondly, the stress data analyzed and processed by the microprocessor 8 is transmitted to the cloud server in real time by using the wireless communicator 9, so that construction personnel, project management personnel and relevant experts can log in to the cloud platform through terminal devices (such as computers and mobile phones) and check the stress distribution inside the large-volume concrete of the basement at any time. The cloud server also uses cloud computing technology to store and deeply analyze a large amount of stress data. By establishing a concrete structure safety assessment model based on big data, it can conduct real-time assessment and early warning of the safety of the large-volume concrete structure of the basement. For example, when the stress in a certain area continues to rise for a period of time and approaches the danger threshold, the system automatically issues an early warning message to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to avoid safety problems of the structure.

[0024] The overall system adjusts stress distribution in a timely manner through the dynamic support component 4 and the drive control component 3, effectively preventing concrete from cracking, deformation, and even structural damage due to stress concentration, greatly improving the safety and durability of large-volume concrete structures in the basement, reducing subsequent maintenance and repair costs, and improving monitoring accuracy and reliability. The high-precision stress sensor 6 is combined with a variety of protection and stability designs, reducing the possibility of external interference and damage to the device itself, ensuring the high accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data, and accurate stress data provides a strong basis for the design optimization and construction quality control of concrete structures. At the same time, the pre-shaping and convenient installation of the flexible skeleton 1 of the shape memory polymer, as well as the overall automatic monitoring and adjustment functions of the device, reduce the manual operation and debugging time during the construction process, improve the construction convenience and efficiency, and help speed up the project progress.

[0025] Example 2: According to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the drive control component 3 includes a spherical joint 30, and the microprocessor 8 and the wireless communicator 9 are integrated and installed inside the spherical joint 30. A first bevel gear 31 is installed at the bottom end of the interior of the spherical joint 30, and the side end of the first bevel gear 31 is meshed with a second bevel gear 32.

[0026] A first electromagnetic blocker is installed at the bottom end of the first bevel gear 31 , a second electromagnetic blocker 33 is installed at the side end of the second bevel gear 32 , and a connecting key shaft 34 is installed at the side center end of the second bevel gear 32 .

[0027] A third bevel gear 36 is installed on the side end of the connecting key shaft 34, a third electromagnetic blocker 35 is installed on the side end of the third bevel gear 36, a fourth bevel gear 37 is meshedly connected to the side end of the third bevel gear 36, and a fourth electromagnetic blocker 38 is installed on the side end of the fourth bevel gear 37.

[0028] An energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 is installed inside the mounting frame 2 , and a top output end of the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 is connected to the first bevel gear 31 .

[0029] The microprocessor 8 has a fault diagnosis and repair function. When a fault is detected in the drive control component 3 and the dynamic support component 4, it can automatically analyze the cause of the fault and try to repair it by adjusting the control strategy. If it cannot be repaired by itself, the fault alarm information will be sent in time through the wireless communicator 9. The microprocessor 8 has a built-in self-maintenance and self-calibration unit for regularly calibrating the high-precision stress sensor 6, pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46 and torque sensor.

[0030] The wireless communicator 9 transmits the stress data collected by the high-precision stress sensor 6, pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46 and torque sensor to the cloud server in real time. The signal lines collected by the high-precision stress sensor 6, pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46 and torque sensor use shielded lines and are wired separately from the power line and power line. The signal output ends of the high-precision stress sensor 6, pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46 and torque sensor are all connected to isolation amplifiers.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the above-mentioned microprocessor 8 continuously receives data transmitted by the sensors and uses the built-in advanced algorithm to perform real-time and in-depth analysis of the stress distribution of the concrete, under normal working conditions, the internal stress of the concrete is in a relatively stable state, and the fluctuation of the data collected by each sensor is controlled within a reasonable range. However, once abnormal conditions such as uneven expansion caused by concrete hydration heat and local stress concentration caused by foundation settlement occur, the data detected by the pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46, torque sensor and high-precision stress sensor 6 will exceed the preset normal range. The microprocessor 8, with its high-speed computing capability, can quickly capture these abnormal data and accurately determine the abnormal stress area and severity. When the stress abnormality is determined, the microprocessor 8 immediately sends an instruction to the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7, and at the same time controls the on and off status of multiple groups of electromagnetic blockers. If the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component 4 need to be adjusted, the microprocessor 8 controls the first electromagnetic blocker to be disconnected, so that the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 can drive the first bevel gear 31 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 31 drives the second bevel gear 32 engaged with it to rotate, and the second electromagnetic blocker remains in a closed state to ensure stable power transmission. The second bevel gear 32 drives the third bevel gear 36 to rotate through the connecting key shaft 34. The third electromagnetic blocker is also in a closed state at this time. The third bevel gear 36 drives the fourth bevel gear 37 engaged with it to rotate, and then transmits power to the corresponding parts of the dynamic support component 4, that is, the second bevel gear 32, the third bevel gear 36 and the fourth bevel gear 37 are respectively connected to the above-mentioned force gears through the connecting shaft, driving the force gears to rotate, and the force gears and the rack slide are engaged, and then the rotation of the force gears is converted into the rack slide to extend or retract inside the guide column.

[0032] The overall bevel gear transmission structure is adopted, and flexible power control is achieved through multiple sets of electromagnetic blockers. Combined with the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7, it is not only energy-saving and efficient, but also can accurately adjust the posture of the dynamic support component 4, so that the stress distribution can be adjusted in time, effectively preventing the concrete from cracking, deformation and even structural damage due to stress concentration.

[0033] The wiring diagrams of the shear force sensor 46, pressure sensor 47, torque sensor and high-precision stress sensor 6 in the present invention are common knowledge in the field, and their working principles are already known technologies. The models are selected according to actual use, so the control method and wiring layout of the shear force sensor 46, pressure sensor 47, torque sensor and high-precision stress sensor 6 will no longer be explained in detail.

[0034] The usage and working principle of this device: First, the operator pre-shapes the flexible skeleton 1 made of shape memory polymer according to the shape of the core tube and beam-column nodes inside the basement concrete structure. Because it can maintain the shaped shape at room temperature and can restore its original shape when exposed to a specific temperature or external force, it is easy to fit and install on the surface of complex structures. After the shaping is completed, with the help of 3D printed elastic buckles, multiple groups of high-precision stress sensors 6 with high sensitivity and stability are evenly installed on the installation positions on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. Then, the reinforcing rib fixing structure 5 is connected to the surface of the flexible skeleton 1, and then installed on the steel skeleton at the core tube and beam-column nodes to enhance the connection stability between the flexible skeleton 1 and the concrete structure and optimize the stress transfer path. Subsequently, two or more mounting frames 2 are installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton 1. An energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 is provided inside the mounting frame 2. The top output end of the mounting frame is connected to the first bevel gear 31 in the drive control component 3. A microprocessor 8 and a wireless communicator 9 are integrated in the spherical joint 30 of the drive control component 3. Three sets of dynamic support components 4 are installed on the outer circumference of the drive control component 3. A gear rack lifting structure 42 is installed inside the casing 41 in the dynamic support component 4, and a protective cover is installed on the side end to complete the preliminary assembly of the entire device. When the concrete pouring operation begins, as the concrete is injected, the microchannels outside the flexible skeleton 1 are promptly filled with specific curing materials. After the curing material solidifies, on the one hand, it strengthens the bonding force between the flexible skeleton 1 and the concrete, allowing the device to be integrated with the concrete structure into a whole, thereby better sensing the internal stress of the concrete. On the other hand, it provides further protection for the high-precision stress sensor 6 to prevent it from being damaged by the impact and extrusion of the concrete during the pouring process. The various sensors then begin operating, with pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46, and torque sensor collecting real-time stress data at support contact surface 45. High-precision stress sensor 6 collects stress data at other locations within the concrete. This data is transmitted to microprocessor 8 via shielded cables, which effectively reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on data transmission and ensure data accuracy. Furthermore, an isolation amplifier connected to the sensor signal output isolates the sensor signal from subsequent processing circuitry, further improving signal transmission quality. The microprocessor 8 uses a built-in advanced algorithm to perform real-time analysis of the stress distribution of concrete. Under normal circumstances, the internal stress of the concrete is relatively stable, and the fluctuations of the sensor data are within a reasonable range. Once stress abnormalities occur in a certain area, such as uneven expansion caused by concrete hydration heat, local stress concentration caused by foundation settlement, etc., the data detected by the pressure sensor 47, shear force sensor 46, torque sensor and high-precision stress sensor 6 will exceed the preset normal range. The microprocessor 8 quickly captures these abnormal data and determines the stress abnormality area and severity.

[0035] When the stress abnormality is determined, the microprocessor 8 immediately sends an instruction to the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 and controls the on and off status of multiple groups of electromagnetic blockers at the same time. If the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component 4 need to be adjusted, the microprocessor 8 controls the first electromagnetic blocker to be disconnected, so that the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure 7 can drive the first bevel gear 31 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 31 drives the second bevel gear 32 engaged with it to rotate, and the second electromagnetic blocker remains in a closed state to ensure stable power transmission. The second bevel gear 32 drives the third bevel gear 36 to rotate through the connecting key shaft 34. The third electromagnetic blocker is also in a closed state at this time. The third bevel gear 36 drives the fourth bevel gear 37 engaged with it to rotate, and then transmits power to the corresponding part of the dynamic support component 4, so that the corresponding gear rack lifting structure 42 rotates, that is, the second bevel gear 32, the third bevel gear 36 and the fourth bevel gear 3 7 are respectively connected to the above-mentioned force-bearing gears through connecting shafts, driving the force-bearing gears to rotate, and the force-bearing gears are meshed with the rack sliding column, thereby converting the rotation of the force-bearing gear into the extension or retraction operation of the rack sliding column inside the guide column, thereby driving the corresponding support arm joint 43 to move. Since the joint part of the support arm joint 43 is made of high-strength and lightweight shape memory alloy material, it can deform accurately. Under the drive of the gear rack lifting structure 42, the support arm joint 43 accurately adjusts the angle, thereby driving the connected force arm joint 44 to move. The force arm joint 44 is also made of shape memory alloy material, which can stably and efficiently transmit the supporting force, so that the support contact surface 45 is in close and uniform contact with the internal structure of the concrete, playing an auxiliary supporting role for the concrete structure, changing the stress distribution in this area, and alleviating the stress concentration phenomenon.

[0036] During this process, the microprocessor 8 continuously monitors the sensor data and adjusts the working state of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 in real time according to the stress changes, so as to realize the precise dynamic adjustment of the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component 4. For example, if the stress concentration is not significantly alleviated, the microprocessor 8 will further increase the output force of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 and increase the deformation degree of the supporting arm joint 43 and the force-bearing arm joint 44 to provide greater support force. If the stress changes too quickly, the microprocessor 8 will adjust the movement speed of the rack and pinion lifting structure 42 so that the support component can respond to stress changes more quickly. Secondly, the stress data analyzed and processed by the microprocessor 8 is transmitted to the cloud server in real time by using the wireless communicator 9, so that construction personnel, project management personnel and relevant experts can log in to the cloud platform through terminal devices (such as computers and mobile phones) and check the stress distribution inside the large-volume concrete of the basement at any time. The cloud server also uses cloud computing technology to store and deeply analyze a large amount of stress data. By establishing a concrete structure safety assessment model based on big data, it can conduct real-time assessment and early warning of the safety of the large-volume concrete structure of the basement. For example, when the stress in a certain area continues to rise for a period of time and approaches the danger threshold, the system automatically issues an early warning message to remind relevant personnel to take timely measures to avoid safety problems of the structure.

[0037] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress, characterized by: The invention comprises a flexible skeleton (1), wherein the flexible skeleton (1) is made of a shape memory polymer, and the flexible skeleton (1) is pre-shaped into various complex shapes that fit the core tube and beam-column nodes inside the basement concrete structure for installation. A plurality of groups of high-precision stress sensors (6) are evenly distributed and installed on the surface of the flexible skeleton (1), and the high-precision stress sensors are firmly fixed to the installation position of the flexible skeleton (1) by 3D-printed elastic buckles; Two or more mounting frames (2) are mounted on the surface of the flexible skeleton (1); a driving and regulating component (3) is mounted on the top of the mounting frame (2); and three sets of dynamic support components (4) are mounted on the outer circumference of the driving and regulating component (3); The dynamic support assembly (4) comprises a casing (41), a supporting arm joint (43), a force-bearing arm joint (44), and a supporting contact surface (45); a pressure sensor (47), a shear force sensor (46), and a torque sensor are respectively mounted on the surface of the supporting contact surface (45); and the joint parts of the supporting arm joint (43) and the force-bearing arm joint (44) are made of a high-strength, lightweight shape memory alloy material; A microprocessor (8) and a wireless communicator (9) are respectively installed inside the driving and regulating component (3). The microprocessor (8) is used to analyze the stress distribution of the concrete in real time based on the measurement data of the pressure sensor (47). When stress abnormality in a certain area is detected, the posture and support force distribution of the dynamic support component (4) are automatically adjusted by controlling the deformation of the supporting arm joint (43) and the force-bearing arm joint (44), thereby providing auxiliary support and stress regulation for the concrete structure.

2. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: A gear rack lifting structure (42) is installed inside the casing (41). The gear rack lifting structure (42) is composed of a rack sliding column, a guide column and a stressed gear. The side end of the rack sliding column is connected to the stressed arm joint (44). A shield is installed at the side end of the casing (41). The shield is used to provide all-round protection and isolation for the supporting arm joint (43), the stressed arm joint (44) and the supporting contact surface (45), so that when dynamic support adjustment is formed, impurities such as cement slurry can be prevented from invading during concrete pouring. This prevents the joints from affecting the flexible rotation of each joint and the flatness and fit of the support contact surface. It can also resist the adverse effects of extrusion, friction, etc. caused by changes in the internal stress of the concrete during the hardening of the concrete and the subsequent deformation of the structure under stress, ensuring that the support arm joint (43) can accurately respond to the drive instructions of the gear rack lifting structure (42) to achieve precise adjustment of the support angle, so that the force-bearing arm joint (44) can stably and efficiently transmit the support force, ensuring that the support contact surface (45) is always in close and uniform contact with the internal structure of the concrete.

3. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: Microchannels are installed outside the plurality of groups of high-precision stress sensors (6). When concrete is poured, the microchannels are used to promptly fill with a specific curing material, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the flexible skeleton (1) and the concrete after curing, and further protecting the high-precision stress sensors (6).

4. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 3 is characterized by: A reinforcing rib fixing structure (5) is installed at the bottom of the microchannel, the reinforcing rib fixing structure (5) is connected to the surface of the flexible skeleton (1), and the reinforcing rib fixing structure (5) is used to be installed on the steel skeleton at the core tube and the beam-column node.

5. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: The drive control component (3) includes a spherical joint (30), the microprocessor (8) and the wireless communicator (9) are integrated and installed inside the spherical joint (30), a first bevel gear (31) is installed at the bottom end of the interior of the spherical joint (30), and the side end of the first bevel gear (31) is meshedly connected to a second bevel gear (32).

6. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 5 is characterized by: A first electromagnetic blocker is installed at the bottom end of the first bevel gear (31), a second electromagnetic blocker (33) is installed at the side end of the second bevel gear (32), and a connecting key shaft (34) is installed at the side center end of the second bevel gear (32).

7. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 6 is characterized by: A third bevel gear (36) is installed on the side end of the connecting key shaft (34), a third electromagnetic blocker (35) is installed on the side end of the third bevel gear (36), a fourth bevel gear (37) is meshedly connected to the side end of the third bevel gear (36), and a fourth electromagnetic blocker (38) is installed on the side end of the fourth bevel gear (37).

8. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: An energy-saving variable frequency drive structure (7) is installed inside the mounting frame (2), and a top output end of the energy-saving variable frequency drive structure (7) is connected to the first bevel gear (31).

9. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: The microprocessor (8) has a fault diagnosis and repair function. When a fault is detected in the drive control component (3) and the dynamic support component (4), the microprocessor can automatically analyze the cause of the fault and try to repair it by adjusting the control strategy. If it cannot be repaired by itself, the microprocessor promptly sends a fault alarm message through the wireless communication device (9). The microprocessor (8) has a built-in self-maintenance and self-calibration unit for regularly calibrating the high-precision stress sensor (6), pressure sensor (47), shear force sensor (46) and torque sensor.

10. The electronic measurement and monitoring device for basement mass concrete stress according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wireless communicator (9) transmits stress data collected by the high-precision stress sensor (6), pressure sensor (47), shear force sensor (46) and torque sensor to a cloud server in real time. Signal lines collected by the high-precision stress sensor (6), pressure sensor (47), shear force sensor (46) and torque sensor use shielded lines and are wired separately from power lines and power lines. Signal output ends of the high-precision stress sensor (6), pressure sensor (47), shear force sensor (46) and torque sensor are all connected to isolation amplifiers.

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