Wind turbine generator tower drum transformer substation, cooling heat dissipation method and cooling heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling and heat dissipation, power transmission and transformation, antifouling and anticorrosion and clean environment operation of offshore and onshore wind turbine generators, and particularly relates to a wind turbine generator tower transformer substation, a cooling and heat dissipation method and a cooling and heat dissipation system. All modules of the transformer substation are sent into a tower drum through a tower drum door and then are combined and installed in the closed and clean tower drum, a cooling heat dissipation system is arranged in the transformer substation and transmits heat generated by the transformer substation to the tower drum or a pile foundation through a heat conduction working medium, and the tower drum or the pile foundation exchanges heat with the outside of the tower drum or the pile foundation. And the heat is dissipated. The technical problem of heat dissipation of installation of the power transmission and transformation station of the wind turbine in the tower drum is solved; the cooling method comprises the steps that heat generated by heating equipment is conducted to the tower drum or the tower footing, heat exchange is conducted between the tower drum or the tower footing and the outside, the problems that a wind turbine generator set is large in heating amount and difficult in heat dissipation are solved, and therefore stable operation of the wind turbine generator set is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of cooling and heat dissipation, power transmission and transformation, anti-pollution and anti-corrosion, and clean environment operation of offshore and onshore wind turbines, and in particular relates to a production, installation, cooling and heat dissipation method of a tower substation and a tower substation device; and a cooling and heat dissipation method and system for the main heating equipment of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] During operation, wind turbines often face problems such as low heat dissipation efficiency, high inspection and maintenance frequency, and frequent accidents.

[0003] During wind turbine operation, many components generate heat, significantly impacting the turbine's safety, reliability, service life, and continuous operation. Therefore, a cooling system is required to cool these heat-generating components and control the ambient temperature and humidity within the turbine's nacelle and tower, ensuring that the various key components operate safely and reliably over the long term within the appropriate temperature range. Heat-generating components typically include generators, gearboxes, frequency converters, converters, transformers, control cabinets, and other wind turbine components and power transmission and transformation equipment.

[0004] The development trend of wind turbines is towards ever-larger unit capacities. Offshore wind turbines, in particular, have already reached capacities of over 10 MW, with the future expected to see the development of ultra-large capacities of 20 to 30 MW. Consequently, offshore wind turbines generate greater heat, and coupled with the severe corrosion in the marine environment, these turbines place even higher demands on the overall performance of their cooling and heat dissipation systems, including heat exchange performance, corrosion resistance, and long-term operational reliability. These demands also place stricter and higher technical demands on key technologies such as transformer miniaturization, heat dissipation, corrosion resistance, and safety and reliability. Onshore wind turbines, with their individual unit capacities approaching 10 MW, also place high demands on cooling and heat dissipation.

[0005] For a long time, transformers used to transmit and transform wind turbine power have been difficult to install inside wind turbine towers. Recently, the first domestically developed, 10MW offshore wind turbine tower transformer with the largest capacity in China has been put into operation at an offshore wind power project site. This is also my country's first domestically produced 10MW offshore wind turbine tower transformer to be connected to the grid. This tower transformer utilizes ship-based corrosion protection technology, environmentally friendly synthetic ester oil with a high flash point, and Class H insulation, achieving key tower transformer technology breakthroughs. It has passed national appraisal and been rated as internationally leading. The successful operation of this tower transformer has broken a major technical bottleneck in the transmission and transformation equipment for high-power offshore wind turbines, marking the entry of my country's offshore wind power industry into the era of grid parity. This has significant implications for advancing the domestic application of core transmission and transformation equipment in my country.

[0006] However, the power capacity of this 10MW tower transformer can no longer keep pace with the development of larger offshore wind power capacity. Furthermore, this tower transformer utilizes highly sophisticated processes and technologies, such as ship-grade corrosion protection, high-flash-point synthetic grease, and Class H insulation, which increases costs and technical complexity. While the transformer's high-temperature resistance and operating temperature have been improved, the transformer's coils are wound with copper (or aluminum) wire. Higher operating temperatures increase the conductive resistance of the copper (or aluminum), leading to greater copper losses in the transformer, raising the transformer's operating temperature and increasing its energy losses. This increased operating temperature, in turn, increases the transformer's heat generation, making further increases in transformer capacity extremely difficult. Therefore, this tower transformer can no longer meet the needs of offshore wind power's development towards larger and extra-large capacities.

[0007] At the same time, offshore wind turbines face significant challenges due to the high heat generated by various components, strong waves and typhoon impacts, high humidity, strong salt spray, strong corrosion, poor tower and nacelle ventilation, limited installation space, and heat dissipation difficulties. High operating temperatures can cause equipment aging, impacting safety performance and even causing failures and accidents. Frequent fluctuations in operating loads significantly impact equipment operation, leading to frequent safety incidents and high operation and maintenance costs. For example, a report reported that in 2002, a foreign offshore wind farm was completed and connected to the grid, featuring 80 2MW turbines. However, over the following year and a half of operation, all 80 turbines operated simultaneously for only 1.5 hours. During this period, the operator dispatched 75,000 maintenance flights, averaging two turbines per day. The frequent use of helicopters for maintenance at the wind farm incurred significant costs. This high accident rate necessitated the removal or overhaul of 80 turbines after just two years of operation.

[0008] The operation of onshore wind turbines is affected by deserts, sandstorms, pollutants, etc. Dust, dust, and dirt accumulate on the equipment, causing aging and corrosion. The tower and cabin have poor ventilation conditions, small installation space, and difficulty in heat dissipation. The high-temperature working environment causes equipment aging, affecting safety performance and even failure and accidents.

[0009] Currently, in high-temperature regions such as Anhui, Hubei, Fujian, and Yunnan, summer temperatures rise. Heat generated by the control equipment at the base of the wind turbine tower cannot be effectively dissipated, causing wind turbines to be frequently affected by high temperatures. In severe cases, this can lead to wind turbines disconnecting from the grid and the burning of control equipment, resulting in serious consequences. A typical megawatt-class wind turbine tower consists of a cylinder, an electrical equipment installation and maintenance platform, ladders, and access doors. The control cabinet at the base of the wind turbine tower is typically installed on an electrical platform within the first section of the tower. Over extended periods of wind turbine operation, equipment such as the control cabinet generates significant amounts of heat. Because the tower platform is relatively sealed, this heat accumulates at the base of the wind turbine tower for extended periods, inevitably causing the air temperature at the base to rise and become unable to be dissipated. This increases the operating temperature of the equipment, leading to frequent accidents, reduced wind turbine efficiency, and economic losses.

[0010] The traditional method for dissipating heat at the tower base is to install a blower on the tower access door to draw air from outside the tower into the tower for cooling. This method is simple to install and can achieve a certain cooling effect. However, as wind farms change in location and are affected by wind, sand, dust, and pollutants, this ventilation and heat dissipation method can increase dust, dirt, and pollution accumulation on equipment, leading to equipment aging, corrosion, and even damage. This increases the frequency of maintenance and O&M costs, reduces power generation, and impacts economic benefits. Furthermore, this heat dissipation method is not suitable for use in high-humidity, hot, and salt-fog corrosive environments at sea.

[0011] The tower of a wind turbine plays a crucial role in supporting the turbine and absorbing vibrations. For example, an offshore wind turbine tower produced for a specific project consists of four sections, with a base diameter of 7 meters and a top diameter exceeding 4 meters, for a total height of 78 meters. Inside the tower, a platform for installing electrical equipment and other equipment is installed, and the four sections are connected by flanges. Offshore towers are exposed to diverse marine environments, including atmospheric, splash zones, tidal range zones, full immersion zones, and muddy areas. During their marine service, steel pipe towers experience the most severe corrosion in the splash zone. They not only suffer electrochemical corrosion from salt, oxygen, and water, but also face extremely severe corrosion challenges. They must cope with complex and harsh operating conditions such as morning and evening tides, splash zones, and alternating wet and dry environments. Furthermore, they must withstand the multiple challenges of salt, oxygen, and ultraviolet radiation, as well as wave erosion and sediment erosion. Due to the distinct operating environments of offshore wind power, offshore wind power operates in a highly corrosive marine environment and is far less convenient for maintenance than onshore wind power. Therefore, offshore wind turbine towers have extremely strict anti-corrosion requirements. The outer wall of the offshore wind turbine tower is painted with four layers of paint, and the inner wall is painted with three layers of paint.

[0012] Currently, the transmission and transformation equipment of offshore wind turbines is generally installed on offshore pile foundation platforms or inside the tower. After the offshore wind turbine tower is painted, the bottom tower section is erected and the electrical equipment is installed inside using a crane. After the electrical equipment is installed, the bottom tower section must remain upright from the production site, through land transportation, sea transportation, and until offshore installation. The other three sections can be transported "lying down". The transportation weight of a single tower set is approximately 400 tons. Generally, the factory building is a certain distance away from the dock, and it needs to be transported by car and then by ship. In addition, the need to erect the bottom tower section greatly increases the difficulty of transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine tower from the production site to the offshore location, and also significantly increases the installation cost of the wind turbine.

[0013] Large substation equipment (such as transformers) is installed inside the tower, making repair and replacement extremely difficult. If large electrical equipment in a wind turbine is damaged during long-term operation, repair and replacement becomes extremely difficult and costly. Disassembly, hoisting, and installation are also extremely difficult and require large lifting equipment. The installation also requires hoisting, relocating, and reinstalling other large components of the wind turbine, making the construction and cost extremely high and nearly impossible.

[0014] The electricity generated by wind turbines needs to be transmitted and transformed through transmission and substations before it can be delivered to users. Currently, to protect wind turbines from dust, pollutants, corrosion, environmental damage, and natural disasters during operation, the trend in wind power development is increasingly toward installing substations inside towers. This fully utilizes the tower space and significantly reduces the construction and installation costs of wind turbines. This is particularly true for offshore wind turbines, where installation space, costs, and marine environmental conditions limit installation. Installing the substation inside the tower significantly reduces costs and improves the corrosion resistance and service life of transmission and transformation equipment. However, heat generated by a substation installed inside the tower cannot be dissipated, making heat dissipation a difficult problem. Large substation equipment (such as transformers) cannot enter or exit the access door at the bottom of the tower, making installation, construction, repair, and replacement extremely difficult. The project costs are extremely high and almost impossible to implement, and solving installation problems is also very difficult.

[0015] Therefore, tower substations that are easy to install and transport, have high heat dissipation efficiency, operate safely and long-term in a clean environment, are unmanned and maintenance-free, and can be easily repaired and replaced are urgently needed for the large-scale development of wind power. Summary of the Invention

[0016] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention innovatively proposes a method for the production, installation, and cooling of wind turbine tower substations, as well as a method for cooling and dissipating heat from wind turbines. At the same time, based on these technical methods, a tower substation device and a cooling system device were invented. These inventions successfully overcome the technical difficulties of heat dissipation difficulties, low efficiency, and inconvenient installation within the tower of wind turbine substations; effectively solve the corrosion and heat dissipation problems faced by various heating equipment in wind turbines, avoiding their serious impact on the safe operation of the units; and also solve the engineering problem of the difficulty of installing tower substations and heat dissipation devices within the tower.

[0017] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0018] In response to the problems of difficulty in installation and heat dissipation of wind turbine tower substations, the present invention proposes a wind turbine tower substation. The substation is a modular, ultra-thin pre-installed structure. After the modules of the substation are sent into the tower through the tower door, they are combined and installed in a tower that is relatively isolated and closed from the outside world and has a clean environment, and operates without maintenance or with little maintenance. A cooling and heat dissipation system is provided in the substation, and the cooling and heat dissipation system transfers the heat generated in the substation to the inner wall of the tower or pile foundation through a heat conducting medium, and the tower or pile foundation dissipates the heat to the outside.

[0019] Specifically, the tower substation consists of a low-voltage switchgear and equipment room, a high-voltage switchgear and equipment room, a transformer and equipment room, and an intelligent control cabinet (box). This enables power transmission and transformation, voltage boosting, intelligent control, remote monitoring, and unmanned operation and maintenance for wind turbines. The large equipment in the tower substation (transformers, high-voltage switchgear, etc.) is separated, modularized, and ultra-thin. For example, the transformer core is produced with separate yokes and core legs, and the low-voltage and high-voltage windings are produced modularly. If the transformer capacity is larger, the high-voltage winding of the transformer can be first produced in sections and modularized, and then cast and cured into section winding modules. All the section winding modules are connected in series to form a complete high-voltage winding. The produced transformer modules are then fed through the tower door and assembled, installed, and fastened inside the tower to form a complete transformer. Another example is that the high-voltage switchgear is made ultra-thin, allowing it to enter and exit the tower door smoothly and be assembled and installed on-site inside the tower. The low-voltage switch and equipment room, transformer and equipment room, and high-voltage switch and equipment room can use the side wall of the tower as the outer shell, without the need to build additional outer shells for each room; baffles for isolation, protection, safety, air flow guidance, and passages can be set between each room and between each room and the tower, and retractable operating tables are provided at the low-voltage switch and equipment room, high-voltage switch and equipment room, and transformer and equipment room.

[0020] Specifically, if the tower is a newly built tower, a pre-installed platform is set up in the tower, and the substation is installed on the pre-installed platform. If the tower is an already operated tower without a pre-installed platform, the substation is assembled into a pod-type structure and hoisted into the tower. The low-voltage switch and equipment room, high-voltage switch and equipment room, and transformer and equipment room of the pod-type substation can be connected in series to form a series-type pod-type substation, which is hoisted under a horizontal installation platform at the top of the tower near the generator position. The low-voltage switch and equipment room, transformer and equipment room, and high-voltage switch and equipment room of the pod-type substation are in horizontal contact with the inner wall of the tower through flexible pressing supports, which reduces the impact of tower vibration on the pod-type substation, and uses flexible pressing force to position, fix and install the pod-type substation and the inner wall of the tower without damaging the tower.

[0021] Specifically, the cooling and heat dissipation system includes a heat exchanger, which is installed at the heat-generating equipment (such as transformers) in the substation. Each heat-generating equipment in the tower substation is equipped with a corresponding heat exchanger. The inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a multi-inlet manifold, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a multi-outlet spray pipe. The multiple inlets of the manifold and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe are both located on the inner wall of the tower or pile foundation, and the multiple inlets of the manifold are located below the multiple outlets of the spray pipe. The inlet end of the manifold is provided with a reservoir, and a submerged pump is installed in the reservoir. After the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger through the manifold, the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchanger rises in temperature or vaporizes. Then, the heat generated by the substation is transferred to the tower or pile foundation through the spray pipe, realizing cooling and heat dissipation within the substation. After cooling or condensing into liquid, the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger through the manifold to cool and dissipate heat for the substation, and the cycle continues.

[0022] Specifically, the heat exchanger may be equipped with a fan to cool the heat-generating device using the cooling air from the heat exchanger.

[0023] In response to the problem of heat dissipation difficulties in the heating equipment of wind turbines, the present invention proposes an innovative method for cooling and dissipating heat from wind turbines. This method achieves efficient heat dissipation by transferring the heat generated by the heating equipment to the inner wall of the tower or the inner wall of the pile foundation, and using the tower or pile foundation to exchange heat with the external environment. The tower wall and the pile foundation wall have a large surface area, and their outer surfaces are in contact with seawater and air respectively, and can quickly exchange heat with the outside world, which provides strong support for ensuring cooling efficiency and demonstrates unique heat dissipation advantages. Using towers to replace traditional radiators not only reduces the workload of offshore installation and construction, reduces the difficulty of corrosion protection and operation and maintenance, but also cuts costs overall and achieves significant cost savings.

[0024] In response to the problem of difficulty in heat dissipation of heating equipment in wind turbines, the present invention also proposes a cooling and heat dissipation system for wind turbines, including a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged at the heating equipment, and the inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a multi-inlet liquid collecting pipe, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a multi-outlet spray pipe, the multiple inlets of the liquid collecting pipe and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe are all located on the inner wall of the tower or pile foundation, and the inlet of the liquid collecting pipe is located below the outlet of the spray pipe, a liquid reservoir is provided at the inlet end of the liquid collecting pipe, and a submersible pump is provided in the liquid reservoir, after the heat conducting medium enters the heat exchanger through the liquid collecting pipe, the heat generated by the heating equipment is transferred to the inner wall of the tower or the inner wall of the pile foundation through the spray pipe, and the tower or pile foundation performs heat exchange with its outside to dissipate the heat to the outside.

[0025] Specifically, a section of the wind turbine's pile foundation or tower at a suitable location is selected as the heat sink. A hollow body is positioned within the tower or pile foundation at this location. A cylindrical interlayer is formed between the outer wall of the hollow body and the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower. The upper and lower ends of the interlayer are sealed by sealing bodies, respectively, allowing heat transfer medium to enter the interlayer. The sealing body can preferably be a tire bead that can be filled with gas or liquid. The multiple inlets of the manifold and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe are both connected to the interior of the interlayer. The heat exchanger exchanges the heat generated by the heating equipment when it is working to the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchanger through heat exchange. After being heated, the temperature of the heat-conducting medium rises or evaporates and vaporizes. The high-temperature liquid or gaseous heat-conducting medium is sprayed around the inner wall of the corresponding pile foundation or tower through a multi-outlet spray pipe. The heat-conducting medium then transfers the heat to the pile foundation or tower with good thermal conductivity. After the heat enters the pile foundation or tower with good thermal conductivity, it will diffuse and transfer toward the upper and lower ends of the pile foundation or tower. The pile foundation or tower acts as a radiator with a large surface area, which can transfer a large amount of heat to the sea water or air outside the pile foundation or tower. The hollow body is placed as close as possible to the inner wall of the tower or pile foundation, making the interlayer space narrow. After heat is transferred to the tower or pile foundation, it will diffuse toward its upper and lower ends, increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the tower or pile foundation. After the heat transfer medium is cooled, condensed, and dissipated through the pile foundation or tower, its temperature drops or it condenses into liquid. The liquid low-temperature heat transfer medium is collected by a collecting pipe and stored in a reservoir. The liquid low-temperature heat transfer medium is then pumped to the heat exchangers configured for various heating equipment through a submersible pump for continuous circulation cooling and heat dissipation. This achieves continuous and long-term cooling and heat dissipation of various heating equipment in the wind turbine. Heat dissipation and cooling of the heating equipment (transformers, gearboxes, inverters, control cabinets, computing center equipment, data center equipment, information processing center equipment, etc.) in the enclosed cabin and tower are closed to ensure long-term and safe operation of the equipment.

[0026] For newly built towers or pile foundations, the cooling system can be directly installed inside them. For wind turbines that have been installed and put into operation, a flexible hollow body that is resistant to corrosion and salt spray is made of flexible materials that are resistant to corrosion and salt spray. After shrinking and deforming, it is sent into the tower through the tower door. After the deformation is released in the pile foundation or tower, it is installed through the structural frame of the hollow body. The structural frame of the hollow body enters the pile foundation or tower in sections and then is assembled. The structural frame of the hollow body and the flexible hollow body are assembled into a complete hollow body.

[0027] Specifically, after dredging and sealing the basic sea mud (soil) layer within the pile foundation, the marine sediments and the marine environment are isolated, and the seawater within the pile foundation is purified according to the requirements of water cooling and heat dissipation. The purified seawater is used as a heat transfer medium. Inside the pile foundation, the heat transfer medium is pumped into the heat exchanger equipped with various heating equipment through a submersible pump. The heat transfer medium exchanges heat in the heat exchanger, and then the heat is transferred to the inner wall of the pile foundation. The pile foundation is used as a radiator to conduct and dissipate the heat into the seawater outside the pile foundation, thereby realizing cooling and heat dissipation of various heating equipment with seawater.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The technical difficulties of heat dissipation and installation of the wind turbine transmission and substation in the tower are solved. The tower substation adopts a modular prefabricated structure. For offshore wind power, there is no need to add a heat dissipation system and offshore installation platform, which reduces the construction and construction costs. The wind turbine transmission and substation and heat dissipation equipment are all inside the tower, which reduces the anti-corrosion requirements for the marine environment. For onshore wind power, there is no need for a box transformer installation foundation and site outside the wind turbine tower, which reduces land use and construction costs. Damage, repair and replacement of large electrical equipment are carried out inside the tower, and the equipment can be entered and exited through the tower door. There is no need for large-scale lifting and dismantling and lifting construction, etc., and it can be directly disassembled, replaced and installed from the tower. This greatly saves the construction cost and operation and maintenance cost of wind power.

[0030] (2) It solves the problem that many devices in wind turbines generate large amounts of heat and are difficult to dissipate, which seriously affects the safe operation of the units. By using the tower or pile foundation as a radiator, the heat in the substation is directed to the tower wall. The tower wall has a large surface area and its outer surface is exposed to seawater and air, which can quickly exchange heat with the outside world, ensuring cooling efficiency and having unique heat dissipation advantages. Replacing traditional radiators with towers also reduces Shanghai installation, construction, corrosion protection, operation and maintenance, etc., reducing and saving costs.

[0031] (3) It improves the harsh environment inside the wind turbine tower and nacelle, providing a relatively isolated, closed, clean, and low-temperature operating environment for the operation of various major equipment of the wind turbine. It saves operation and maintenance costs, eliminates the need for regular cleaning, dust removal, ash removal, operation and maintenance inspections, and anti-corrosion maintenance, avoids the impact of the harsh marine environment on wind turbine equipment, reduces the accident rate, and improves the long-term operation reliability and safety of wind turbines.

[0032] (4) The invention of the contraction / release deformation hoisting and flexible sealing, positioning, and fixing installation technologies makes the construction very simple and convenient, saving construction costs, construction and installation time, and avoiding the damage and impact of the installation on the long-term safety performance of the wind turbine pile foundation or tower. There is no need to modify the pile foundation tower and various major equipment of the existing offshore wind turbine, and its long-term operating performance and safety reliability will not be affected. It does not increase the operation and maintenance costs and difficulties, and does not affect the operation and maintenance of the wind turbine.

[0033] (5) The tower substation was invented. The tower substation is installed at the top of the tower near the generator. The distance between the substation and the generator and the high-current wires (cables) is very short, which reduces the use of precious metal copper and reduces construction costs. It also reduces the power loss of the transmission line and improves the efficiency of wind power transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a wind turbine tower substation according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the substation of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the heat exchanger and the transformer of the present invention;

[0037] Figure markings: 1. Tower, 2. Heat exchanger, 3. Substation, 301. High-voltage switch and equipment room, 302. Transformer and equipment room, 3021. Transformer, 30211. Iron core, 303. Low-voltage switch and equipment room, 304. Joint interface, 4. Interlayer, 401. Hollow body, 402. Sealing body, 5. First pipeline, 501. Liquid collecting pipe 6. Second pipeline, 601. Spray pipe, 7. Submersible pump, 8. Fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] refer to Figures 1 to 2This embodiment proposes a wind turbine tower substation, which uses a split, ultra-thin, modular pre-assembled structure to quickly install the substation 3 in a tower 1 in a clean environment that is relatively isolated from the outside world. The substation 3 consists of four parts: a low-voltage switch and equipment room 303, a high-voltage switch and equipment room 301, a transformer and equipment room 302, and an intelligent control cabinet. It realizes wind power transmission and transformation boosting, intelligent control, remote monitoring, and unmanned operation and maintenance. The low-voltage switch and equipment room 303 is equipped with low-voltage switches and equipment, the high-voltage switch and equipment room 301 is equipped with high-voltage switches and equipment, and the transformer and equipment room 302 is equipped with transformer 3021 and equipment. The substation 3 is provided with a cooling and heat dissipation system, which includes a heat exchanger 2 for cooling and heat dissipation. The heat exchanger 2 is arranged at the heating equipment in the substation. The heating equipment in the substation 3 can be configured with a corresponding heat exchanger 2. The heat exchanger 2 exchanges the heat generated by the heating equipment to the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchanger 2, and the heat is carried to the inner wall of the tower 1 or the pile foundation through the heat-conducting medium through a pipeline. The tower 1 or the pile foundation acts as a radiator to dissipate the heat to the air or seawater outside the tower 1 or the pile foundation.

[0041] When installing the substation 3, a pre-installed platform can be manufactured at a suitable position inside the newly manufactured tower 1 for installation. The tower 1 that has been put into operation but does not have a pre-installed platform can be installed by using a pod-type structure.

[0042] refer to Figure 3 , the equipment with high heat generation in the tower substation is correspondingly equipped with a heat exchanger 2 for cooling and heat dissipation. The upper and lower ends of the iron core 30211 of the transformer 3021 in the transformer and equipment room 302 are installed with the heat exchanger 2 through a bonding interface 304 with good thermal conductivity. The heat exchanger 2 directly cools and dissipates heat from the iron core 30211 of the transformer 3021. The material of the bonding interface 304 can be a magnetically insulating and thermally conductive material (such as: epoxy thermal conductive pad, graphene, carbon fiber, etc.). At the same time, a fan 8 is provided on the periphery of the heat exchanger 2. The fan 8 uses the air cooled by the heat exchanger 2 to perform air cooling and heat dissipation on the transformer 3021 body and windings.

[0043] At present, wind power projects generally install the box transformer for wind power transmission and transformation outside the tower 1. Low-voltage and high-current transmission wires (cables) with a length of several meters are required between the box transformer and the generator. The high-current wires (cables) use a large amount of precious metal copper, resulting in high construction costs. In addition, the long-distance transmission of high current causes high line power loss, reducing the wind power transmission efficiency. The tower substation is installed at the top of the tower 1 near the generator position. The distance between the transmission and transformation station 3 and the generator and the high-current wires (cables) is very short, reducing the use of precious metal copper and reducing construction costs; it also reduces the power loss of the transmission line and improves the wind power transmission efficiency.

[0044] For an operational tower 1 without a pre-installed platform, the tower substation's low-voltage switchgear and equipment room 303, high-voltage switchgear and equipment room 301, transformer and equipment room 302, and intelligent control equipment box (cabinet) can be installed into a pod-like structure, forming a pod-type substation 3 installed within the tower 1. The low-voltage switchgear and equipment room 303, transformer 3021, and high-voltage switchgear and equipment room 301 of the pod-type substation 3 can be connected in series to form a series-connected pod-type substation 3. The pod-type substation 3 is hoisted under a horizontal mounting platform at the top of the tower 1 near the generator. The low-voltage switchgear and equipment room 303, transformer 3021, and high-voltage switchgear and equipment room 301 of the pod-type substation 3 are horizontally supported by flexible press-fit supports and contacted with the inner wall of the tower 1. The flexible press-fit force is used to position, secure, and install the pod-type substation 3 to the inner wall of the tower 1. The installation operation on the wind turbine tower 1 and the influence on the mechanical properties, disaster resistance strength and anti-corrosion performance of the tower 1 are avoided.

[0045] The larger equipment in the low-voltage switch and equipment room 303, the transformer and equipment room 302, the high-voltage switch and equipment room 301 and the intelligent control equipment box (such as transformer 3021, high-voltage switchgear, etc.) are first split, modularized and ultra-thinly produced, and then sent into the interior of the tower 1 through the tower door, and then assembled and installed inside the tower 1.

[0046] Transformer 3021 in Substation 3 uses a dry-type transformer. Dry-type transformers are safe and environmentally friendly, easy to maintain, have strong short-circuit resistance, and are simple to install, making them ideally suited for wind turbine tower substations. For offshore wind power projects, dry-type transformers 3021 are cast with a self-extinguishing flame-retardant epoxy resin, offering strong short-circuit resistance and environmental friendliness, significantly reducing the risks of fire, explosion, and pollution from offshore wind turbines. Furthermore, their ease of maintenance significantly reduces operation and maintenance workload. Modular disassembly allows for 90% lower replacement costs in the event of a failure compared to traditional oil-based transformers.

[0047] The harsh operating environment of offshore wind power transformers, known as dry-type transformers, is characterized by high salinity, high corrosion levels, and frequently fluctuating operating loads on large offshore wind turbines. These factors place stringent demands on key technologies such as miniaturization, heat dissipation, corrosion resistance, and safety and reliability. For a long time, the practical application of dry-type transformers has remained elusive. However, dry-type transformers offer numerous advantages and are already widely used in indoor power system environments. However, the harsh environment of offshore wind power has limited the development and application of dry-type transformers. If an operating environment superior to typical indoor environments could be created, dry-type transformers could be applied to offshore wind power, significantly boosting its development.

[0048] Offshore wind turbine transformers and other substation equipment operate in harsh marine environments, placing high demands on corrosion protection, miniaturization, typhoon resistance, and wave impact resistance. These requirements are stringent not only for the equipment itself but also for construction and installation. Furthermore, the mounting platform itself is highly demanding. Large-scale offshore wind turbine transformers and tower installation are effective solutions to these challenges, offering significant economic benefits and development prospects.

[0049] The core 30211 of the dry-type transformer 3021 is a core-type transformer 3021, and the windings are cast. In the factory, the yoke and core of the transformer 3021's core 30211 are manufactured separately, and the low-voltage and high-voltage windings are manufactured in modules. For large-capacity transformers 3021, the high-voltage winding is modularly manufactured, cast, and cured into segmented winding modules. These modules are connected in series to form a complete high-voltage winding. All components and modules of the separate and modular transformer 3021 are brought into the tower 1 through the access door at the bottom of the tower 1. They are then assembled, installed, and fastened inside the tower 1 to form the complete transformer 3021.

[0050] Ultra-thin modular switchgear or ultra-thin gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear is used for high-voltage switchgear, which also enters and exits from the tower 1 and is assembled and installed on-site in the tower 1.

[0051] The pod-type substation 3 can eliminate the need for a box-type transformer enclosure and use the tower 1 as its outer shell, eliminating the need for a box-type transformer enclosure and creating a box-less tower substation. Baffles for isolation, protection, safety, wind deflection, and passageways can be installed between each compartment and between the tower 1. Movable and retractable operator consoles are installed in the low-voltage switch and equipment room 303, the high-voltage switch and equipment room 301, and the transformer and equipment room 302. These consoles are installed on one side of the tower 1, leaving the other side clear for access to the tower 1.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] refer to Figure 1This embodiment proposes a wind turbine cooling and heat dissipation system, including a heat exchanger 2. The heat exchanger 2 is installed at various heat-generating devices, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to a multi-outlet spray pipe 601. The multiple inlets of the liquid collecting pipe 501 and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe 601 are both located on the inner wall of the tower 1 or the inner wall of the pile foundation, and the multiple inlets of the liquid collecting pipe 501 are located below the multiple outlets of the spray pipe 601. A liquid reservoir is provided at the inlet end of the liquid collecting pipe 501, and a submersible pump 7 is installed in the reservoir. After the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger 2 through the liquid collecting pipe 501, it transfers the heat generated by the heat-generating device to the inner wall of the tower 1 or the inner wall of the pile foundation through the spray pipe 601. The tower or pile foundation dissipates the heat to the air or seawater outside. The wind turbine pile foundation or tower 1 is generally made of steel, a good thermal conductor, and can be tens or even hundreds of meters long. Only a section of the wind turbine pile foundation or tower 1 at a suitable location needs to be selected as the heat sink. After the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger 2 through the liquid collecting pipe 501, it exchanges heat with the heat-generating equipment indirectly or directly to cool and dissipate heat from the heat-generating equipment. After the temperature of the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchanger 2 rises or vaporizes, it is sprayed onto the inner wall of the tower 1 or the pile foundation through the spray pipe 601 to cool the heat-conducting medium. After cooling or condensing into liquid, the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger 2 through the liquid collecting pipe 501 to cool and dissipate heat from the heat-generating equipment, and the cycle continues.

[0054] In this embodiment, there are multiple ways to transfer heat to the pile foundation or tower 1 through the heat-conducting medium:

[0055] The first method: high-temperature liquid or gaseous heat-conducting medium is sprayed around the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1 through a spray pipe. The heat-conducting medium transfers the heat to the pile foundation or tower 1, which is a good thermal conductor of steel. After the heat is transferred into the interior of the pile foundation or tower 1, which is a good thermal conductor of steel, it diffuses and transfers toward the upper and lower ends of the pile foundation or tower 1, thereby expanding the surface area of ​​the pile foundation or tower 1 for external heat dissipation. As a radiator with a large surface area, the pile foundation or tower 1 can transfer a large amount of heat to the seawater or air outside it. After cooling, condensing, and dissipating heat through the pile foundation or tower 1, the heat transfer medium's temperature drops or it recondenses into a liquid state. The low-temperature liquid heat transfer medium is collected by a multi-inlet collecting pipe 501 and stored in a reservoir. The multiple inlets of the collecting pipe 501 are distributed around the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1, and below the spray pipe, the liquid heat transfer medium is returned to the heat exchanger 2 configured for various heat-generating devices by its own gravity or a submerged pump 7, for continuous circulation, cooling, and heat dissipation. This achieves cooling and heat dissipation for various heat-generating devices in the wind turbine.

[0056] In this embodiment, since the internal space of the pile foundation or tower 1 is too large, the heat-conducting medium for cooling and dissipating heat cannot contact the inner wall surface of the pile foundation or tower 1 over a large area for a long time, and the heat of the heat-conducting medium cannot be transferred to the pile foundation or tower 1 in time, which affects the cooling and heat dissipation effect.

[0057] The second method: A hollow body 401 is provided inside the tower 1 or the pile foundation. A cylindrical interlayer 4 is formed between the outer wall of the hollow body 401 and the inner wall of the tower 1 or the pile foundation. The upper and lower ends of the interlayer 4 are sealed by sealing bodies 402. The multiple inlets of the collecting pipe 501 and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe are all connected to the interior of the interlayer 4. The multiple inlets of the collecting pipe 501 can be located in the heat-conducting medium. The heat exchanger 2 exchanges the heat generated by the heating device during operation to the heat-conducting medium in the heat exchanger through heat exchange. After being heated, the heat-conducting medium increases in temperature or evaporates and vaporizes. The high-temperature liquid or gaseous heat-conducting medium is sprayed through the spray pipe onto the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1 corresponding to the interlayer 4. The heat-conducting medium then transfers heat to the pile foundation or tower 1, which is a good thermal conductor. After the heat enters the interior of the pile foundation or tower 1, which is a good thermal conductor, it diffuses and conducts toward the upper and lower ends of the pile foundation or tower 1. The pile foundation or tower 1 acts as a radiator with a large surface area and can transfer a large amount of heat to the seawater or air outside the pile foundation or tower 1. After the heat-conducting medium is cooled, condensed, and dissipated by the pile foundation or tower 1, its temperature drops or it condenses into liquid. The liquid low-temperature heat-conducting medium is collected by the liquid collecting pipe 501 and stored in the liquid reservoir. The liquid low-temperature heat-conducting medium is then pumped to the heat exchanger 2 configured for various heating devices by the submersible pump 7 for continuous circulation cooling and heat dissipation. This achieves continuous and long-term cooling and heat dissipation of various heating devices in the wind turbine. Heat dissipation and cooling are achieved within the sealed cabin and tower 1, ensuring safe and long-term operation of heat-generating equipment (e.g., transformer 3021, gearbox, inverter, control cabinet, computing center equipment, data center equipment, information processing center equipment, etc.). Hollow body 401 is positioned as close as possible to the inner wall of tower 1 or pile foundation, minimizing the space in interlayer 4. Heat transferred to tower 1 or pile foundation diffuses toward its upper and lower ends, increasing the external heat exchange area of ​​tower 1 or pile foundation, and rapidly transferring heat through tower 1 or pile foundation to the outside air or seawater.

[0058] The third method involves installing a cooler at a suitable location on the pile foundation or tower 1, ensuring good thermal contact between the cooler and the pile foundation or tower 1. A heat-conducting medium transports heat from heat exchanger 2 to the cooler via a spray pipe. The cooler then transfers the heat to the pile foundation or tower 1, which then dissipates it into the seawater or air outside. The cooler then returns the heat-conducting medium to heat exchanger 2 via a manifold 501, where it circulates within the heat exchanger 2 and cooler, cooling and dissipating heat.

[0059] For wind turbines already installed and in operation, a hollow body 401 is constructed from corrosion-resistant, salt-spray-resistant, and tensile-strength flexible materials to create a retractable and releasable hollow body 401. After shrinking and deforming, it can be accessed through the tower 1 door. Within the tower 1, the hollow body 401 is hoisted into the pile foundation or tower 1. After releasing the deformation within the pile foundation or tower 1, it is installed using a mounting frame. The mounting frame is inserted into the pile foundation or tower 1 in sections for assembly. An annular cylindrical interlayer 4 is formed between the outer wall of the hollow body 401 and the inner wall of the tower 1. The upper and lower ends of the interlayer 4 are sealed by sealing members 402, preferably an annular bead filled with a gas or liquid at sufficient pressure. The enclosed interlayer 4 forms a heat-conducting medium cavity. Multi-outlet spray pipes and multi-inlet liquid collection pipes 501 are also inserted into the pile foundation / tower 1 in sections for assembly. This solves the problem of narrow tower 1 access doors.

[0060] For a newly built tower 1 or pile foundation, the cooling system can be directly produced, manufactured and installed inside the pile foundation or tower 1, forming a new wind turbine pile foundation or tower 1 with the function of cooling and dissipating heat for various heat-generating devices. The pile foundation or tower 1 of the wind turbine that has been installed and put into operation did not have the corresponding cooling and dissipation device produced, manufactured and installed during production, and needs to be installed on-site at the wind turbine. The pile foundation or tower 1 of the wind turbine has very high requirements for mechanical properties, welding stress and disaster resistance. Due to these limitations, the size of the entrance door at the lower end of the tower 1 is very narrow, and large objects (such as hollow objects, etc.) cannot be sent into the tower 1 through the tower 1 entrance door for installation. Hoisting and installation is very difficult, and requires large hoisting equipment to be hoisted, dismantled and re-installed for the large equipment of the wind turbine. The engineering construction and cost are extremely high, making it almost impossible to achieve.

[0061] In addition to having very high requirements for mechanical properties, welding stress, and disaster resistance, the pile foundation / tower 1 of a wind turbine is also exposed to very harsh environments for a long time, placing very high demands on the corrosion resistance of the anti-corrosion coating. Therefore, any work performed on the pile foundation or tower 1 (such as welding, drilling, pouring, bonding, etc.) will affect the mechanical properties, structural strength, and corrosion resistance of the pile foundation or tower 1. On-site work that could damage the pile foundation or tower 1 of a wind turbine should be avoided as much as possible. On-site processing, operation, and stressing of the horizontal installation platform within the pile foundation or tower 1 of a wind turbine have little effect on the pile foundation or tower 1 of the wind turbine. Hoisting relatively light objects on the installation platform will have virtually no effect on the pile foundation or tower 1 of the wind turbine.

[0062] The hollow body 401, spray pipe, liquid collecting pipe 501, liquid reservoir, submersible pump 7, and pipeline for conveying heat-conducting medium are integrated into a suspended cooling pod. The cooling pod is suspended below a horizontal installation platform within the pile foundation or tower 1. When the cooling pod is suspended within the pile foundation or tower 1, low-frequency vibrations of the pile foundation or tower 1 can cause the pod to swing, affecting the long-term reliability and safety of the installation and the long-term effectiveness of the seal between the outer wall of the hollow body 401 and the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1. Annular tires are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the hollow body 401. The air pressure or liquid pressure within the annular tires seals, maintains, positions, and secures the outer wall of the hollow body to the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1, using flexible pressure to cushion the effects of vibration on the sealing effect. Simultaneously, the flexible pressure also positions and secures the cooling pod to the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1. The use of this nacelle hanging method and the flexible air pressure or hydraulic pressure between the annular tire ring and the pile foundation or the inner wall of the tower 1 for installation avoids the harmful effects of on-site operations and installation on the pile foundation or tower 1 of the wind turbine that has been installed and put into operation.

[0063] The hollow body 401, spray pipe, liquid collecting pipe 501, liquid reservoir, submersible pump 7 and pipeline for conveying heat-conducting medium can also be integrated into a support bunker of a supporting structure, and the support bunker is supported on a pile foundation or a horizontal installation platform inside the tower 1.

[0064] For offshore wind turbines, various other accessories (including but not limited to: spray pipes, liquid collecting pipes 501, liquid reservoirs, submersible pumps 7, etc.) can also be integrated with the hollow body 401 to form a semi-submersible structure of the submersible floating cabin, which is semi-submersible and installed on the water surface within the pile foundation.

[0065] The fourth method is to place a hollow body 401 within the pile foundation or tower 1, and seal the space between the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1 and the outer wall of the hollow body 401. This creates a cylindrical space cavity with closed ends between the inner wall of the pile foundation or tower 1 and the outer wall of the hollow body 401. A cooler is placed within this space cavity, and the space cavity is filled with another heat-conducting medium B. Heat-conducting medium A circulates in a closed manner between the heat exchanger 2 and the cooler, transferring heat to the cooler. The cooler transfers the heat to heat-conducting medium B, which then transfers the heat to the pile foundation or tower 1 through heat-conducting medium B. The heat is then transferred to the pile foundation or tower 1, and then dissipated through the pile foundation or tower 1 into the seawater or air outside.

[0066] The fifth method: For non-icing offshore wind turbines, the foundation mud layer within the pile foundation can also be desilted and sealed to isolate marine sediment from the marine environment. The seawater within the pile foundation is then purified according to water cooling requirements. The purified water is used as a heat transfer medium, and a submersible pump is used to pump the heat transfer medium into the heat exchanger 2 installed in various heat-generating devices within the pile foundation. The heat transfer medium undergoes heat exchange in the heat exchanger 2, and the heat is then transferred to the surrounding inner wall of the pile foundation. The pile foundation acts as a radiator to conduct the heat to the seawater outside the pile foundation. This achieves water cooling and heat dissipation of various heat-generating devices.

[0067] The wind turbine pile foundation and tower 1 are both very high, so the submersible pump has a high head and consumes a lot of energy. To save the submersible pump's energy consumption and avoid the impact of water cooling on heat exchanger 2, a cooler can be placed in the water within the pile foundation. The heat-conducting medium exchanges heat in heat exchanger 2, which is configured for various heating devices, and transfers the heat to the heat-conducting medium. The heat-conducting medium then carries the heat to the cooler through a pipe. The cooler transfers the heat to the water within the pile foundation, and the water then transfers the heat to the pile foundation. The pile foundation acts as a radiator, transferring the heat to the seawater outside the pile foundation. The heat-conducting medium is then returned from the cooler to heat exchanger 2, completing a closed cycle of the heat-conducting medium, cooling and dissipating heat from various heating devices.

[0068] In the above embodiment, according to design and installation requirements, the inlet of the heat exchanger 2 can be connected to the liquid collecting pipe 501 through the first pipe 5, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 can be connected to the spray pipe 601 through the second pipe 6.

[0069] The specific embodiments of the present invention are provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0070] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above description and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower substation, characterized in that: The substation (3) is a modular, ultra-thin pre-assembled structure. After each module of the substation (3) is sent into the tower (1) through a tower door, it is assembled and installed in the tower (1). A cooling and heat dissipation system is provided in the substation (3). The cooling and heat dissipation system transmits heat generated by the substation (3) to the tower (1) or the pile foundation through a heat-conducting medium. The tower (1) or the pile foundation exchanges heat with the outside thereof, and the heat is dissipated to the outside.

2. A wind turbine tower substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower substation is composed of a low-voltage switch and equipment room (303), a high-voltage switch and equipment room (301), a transformer and equipment room (302), and an intelligent control cabinet (box), realizing power transmission and transformation boosting, intelligent control, remote monitoring, and unmanned operation and maintenance of wind turbines.

3. A wind power tower substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the tower (1) is a newly built tower (1), a pre-installed platform is provided in the tower (1), and the substation (3) is installed on the pre-installed platform; if the tower (1) is an already-operated tower (1), the substation (3) is assembled into a pod-type structure and hoisted into the tower (1); The low-voltage switch and equipment room (303), the high-voltage switch and equipment room (301), and the transformer and equipment room (302) of the pod-type substation can be connected in series to form a series pod, which is supported in the horizontal direction by flexible compression and contacts the inner wall of the tower, and the flexible compression force is used to position, fix, and install the pod-type substation and the inner wall of the tower; The transformer (9) in the transformer and equipment room (302) is a dry-type transformer. The iron core (30211) structure of the dry-type transformer is a core type, and the winding (coil) is a cast type. In the factory, the yoke and core column of the iron core (30211) of the dry-type transformer are separated and produced, and the low-voltage winding (coil) and high-voltage winding (coil) are modularly produced. The large high-voltage winding (coil) can be modularly produced, cast and solidified into segmented winding (coil) modules. All components and modules of the transformer (9) are sent into the tower through the tower door and then assembled, installed and fastened to form a complete transformer. The high-voltage switchgear in the high-voltage switch and equipment room (301) adopts ultra-thin combined switchgear or ultra-thin gas-insulated high-voltage switch cabinet. The components of the high-voltage switchgear are also sent from the tower door into the tower for on-site assembly and installation to form a complete high-voltage switchgear.

4. A wind turbine tower substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling and heat dissipation system comprises a heat exchanger (2), which is arranged at a heating device in a transformer substation. Each heating device in the transformer substation can be correspondingly configured with a heat exchanger (2). The inlet of the heat exchanger (2) is communicated with a multi-inlet collecting pipe (501), and the outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is communicated with a multi-outlet spray pipe (601). The multi-inlet of the collecting pipe (501) and the multi-outlet of the spray pipe (601) are both located on the inner wall of a tower (1) or the inner wall of a pile foundation, and the multi-inlet of the collecting pipe (501) is located below the multi-outlet of the spray pipe (601). A submersible pump (7) is provided at the inlet end of the collecting pipe (501). After the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger (2) through the collecting pipe (501), the heat generated by the transformer substation (3) is conducted to the inner wall of the tower (1) or the inner wall of the pile foundation through the spray pipe (601). The tower or the pile foundation dissipates the heat to the outside.

5. A wind turbine tower substation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (2) may be provided with a fan (8) to cool the heat-generating equipment.

6. A method for cooling and dissipating heat from a wind turbine, characterized in that: The method includes using a heat-conducting medium to conduct the heat generated by the heating device to the tower (1) or the pile foundation, and the tower (1) or the pile foundation performs heat exchange with the outside thereof to dissipate the heat to the outside.

7. A wind turbine cooling and heat dissipation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat exchanger (2), wherein the heat exchanger (2) is arranged at a heating device, and the inlet of the heat exchanger (2) is connected to a multi-inlet liquid collecting pipe (501), and the outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is connected to a multi-outlet spray pipe (601). The multi-inlet of the liquid collecting pipe (501) and the multi-outlet of the spray pipe (601) are both located on the inner wall of the tower (1) or the inner wall of the pile foundation, and the multi-inlet of the liquid collecting pipe (501) is located below the multi-outlet of the spray pipe (601). A submersible pump (7) is provided at the inlet end of the liquid collecting pipe (501). After the heat-conducting medium enters the heat exchanger (2) through the liquid collecting pipe (501), the heat generated by the wind turbine generator set is conducted to the tower (1) or the pile foundation through the spray pipe (601), and the tower or pile foundation dissipates the heat to the outside.

8. The cooling and heat dissipation system of a wind power tower substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A hollow body (401) is provided in the tower (1) or in the pile foundation, and a cylindrical interlayer (4) is formed between the outer wall of the hollow body (401) and the inner wall of the tower (1). The upper end and the lower end of the interlayer (4) are respectively sealed by a sealing body (402), and a heat-conducting medium can enter the interlayer (4). The multiple inlets of the collecting pipe (501) and the multiple outlets of the spray pipe (601) are all in communication with the interior of the interlayer (4). The hollow body (401), the spray pipe (601), the liquid collecting pipe (501), the submersible pump (7) and the pipeline for conveying the heat-conducting medium are integrated into a cooling and heat dissipation hanging silo with a hanging structure, and the cooling and heat dissipation hanging silo is hung under a pile foundation or a horizontal installation platform in a tower.

9. The cooling and heat dissipation system of a wind power tower substation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hollow body (401) is a flexible hollow body that is contractible and releasable for easy installation; After the flexible hollow body is shrunk and deformed, it is sent into the tower through the tower door and then released. After the installation structure frame is divided into sections, it is sent into the tower through the tower door and then assembled. The assembled installation structure frame and the flexible hollow body are assembled into a complete hollow body, which is hoisted and installed in the pile foundation or tower. The upper and lower ends of the hollow body (401) are respectively covered with sealing bodies (402) for sealing. The sealing body (402) can preferably be a tire ring that can be filled with gas or liquid. The sealing body (402) is in flexible pressure sealing contact with the pile foundation or the inner wall of the tower and the hollow body (401).

10. The cooling and heat dissipation system of a wind power tower substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interior of the pile foundation is dredged, sealed and the seawater is purified. The purified seawater is used as a heat conductor to transfer the heat to the pile foundation, and the pile foundation is used as a radiator to transfer the heat to the sea outside.

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