A solar cell and a photovoltaic module

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and particularly to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. In the solar cell, multiple current collector electrodes are arranged at intervals along a first direction; multiple interconnect structures are arrayed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the cell body, and the interconnect structures are connected to the current collector electrodes; the cell body has a first side parallel to a second direction; the interconnect structure includes a middle interconnect group and a first interconnect group near the first side, the first interconnect group being located between the first side and the middle interconnect group; the middle interconnect group includes multiple middle interconnects; the first interconnect group includes a first edge interconnect near the first side, a third interconnect away from the first side, and at least one second interconnect disposed in the middle, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect on the cell body being smaller than the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect on the cell body, and smaller than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect on the cell body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] The interconnect structures on solar cells are the conductive contact points on the surface of the solar cells, mainly used to connect interconnect strips or conductive grid lines, ensuring efficient current transfer from the solar cells to the module busbars. Therefore, poor welding of the interconnect strips to the interconnect components on the solar cells will directly affect the production of the cell string and subsequent modules, not only damaging the original structure of the cells. In addition, an improperly designed interconnect structure can also cause unnecessary shading, affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cells.

[0003] However, conventional interconnect structures and interconnect strips have poor welding quality and excessive light shading. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a solar cell and a photovoltaic module, aiming to at least partially solve the technical problem that the welding quality of existing interconnect structures is poor and has a significant impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a solar cell, the solar cell comprising:

[0007] The battery cell itself;

[0008] Multiple current collectors are disposed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the battery cell body. The multiple current collectors are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and each current collector extends along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect.

[0009] Multiple interconnect structures are arrayed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the solar cell body, and the interconnect structures are connected to the current-collecting electrode; wherein,

[0010] The battery cell body has a first side parallel to the second direction, and the interconnection structure includes an intermediate interconnection group and a first interconnection group near the first side, wherein the first interconnection group is located between the first side and the intermediate interconnection group.

[0011] The intermediate interconnect group includes a plurality of intermediate interconnects; the first interconnect group includes a first edge interconnect close to the first side, a third interconnect away from the first side, and at least one second interconnect disposed in the middle, wherein the projected area of ​​the second interconnect on the cell body is smaller than the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect on the cell body and smaller than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect on the cell body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect on the cell body is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​any one of the plurality of intermediate interconnects on the cell body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect on the cell body is larger than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect on the cell body; or,

[0014] The projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect on the cell body is equal to the projected area of ​​the third interconnect on the cell body.

[0015] In some embodiments, both the first edge interconnect and the third interconnect include a first main body and extensions disposed at both ends of the first main body in the second direction. The extensions extend away from the first main body along the second direction and are connected to the current collector electrode.

[0016] In the first direction, the width of the first main body portion is greater than or equal to the width of the extension portion; and / or,

[0017] In the direction away from the first main body, the width of the extension decreases along the first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the height of the first main body portion along a third direction is greater than or equal to the height of the extension portion, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction; and / or,

[0019] In the direction away from the first main body, the height of the extension decreases along the third direction.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the length of the first main body is L1 and the length of the extension is L2, satisfying that L1 / 4≤L2≤3L1 / 4.

[0021] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the width of the first edge interconnect is greater than or equal to the width of the second interconnect; and / or,

[0022] The width of the third interconnect is greater than or equal to the width of the second interconnect.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the length of the first edge interconnect is greater than or equal to the length of the second interconnect; and / or,

[0024] The length of the third interconnect is greater than or equal to the length of the second interconnect.

[0025] In some embodiments, the second interconnect includes a second main body portion and first widened portions disposed at both ends of the second main body portion in a second direction, the first widened portions protruding from both sides of the second main body portion in the first direction; and / or,

[0026] The intermediate interconnect includes a third main body and a second widening portion disposed at both ends of the third main body in the second direction, wherein the second widening portion protrudes from both sides of the third main body in the first direction.

[0027] In some embodiments, the battery cell body further has a second side parallel to the second direction, and the first side and the second side are disposed opposite to each other;

[0028] The interconnection structure further includes a second interconnection group near the second side, the second interconnection group being located between the second side and the intermediate interconnection group;

[0029] The second interconnection group includes a fourth edge interconnection close to the second side, a sixth interconnection away from the second side, and at least one fifth interconnection disposed in the middle, wherein the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnection on the cell body is smaller than the projected area of ​​the fourth edge interconnection on the cell body and smaller than the projected area of ​​the sixth interconnection on the cell body.

[0030] In some implementations, in the first direction,

[0031] There are 4-7 current collector electrodes located between the first edge interconnect and the first edge, and 1-4 current collector electrodes near the first edge are disconnected; and / or,

[0032] There are 4-7 collector electrodes located between the fourth edge interconnect and the second edge, and 1-4 collector electrodes near the second edge are disconnected.

[0033] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes p bus electrodes spaced apart along the second direction, and the plurality of interconnect structures include m columns spaced apart along the second direction, where p and m are positive integers, and m ≥ p > 1;

[0034] Each of the bus electrodes extends along the first direction, covers and connects to one of the interconnect structures in m columns, and connects to a plurality of the current collecting electrodes.

[0035] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes a plurality of edge interconnects near the first side. The cell body further has a third side and a fourth side extending along the first direction. The plurality of edge interconnects include a first edge interconnect near the third side of the cell body and a second interconnect near the fourth side, and an intermediate edge interconnect located between the first edge interconnect and the second interconnect;

[0036] The distance between the first edge interconnect and the adjacent intermediate edge interconnect is D1, and the distance between the first edge interconnect and the third side is D2; wherein, 1 < D2 / D1 < 1.6, and / or, both D1 and D2 are less than 10 mm.

[0037] In some embodiments, there is a first pitch between adjacent current collecting electrodes in the first direction, and a second pitch between the first edge interconnect and the third interconnect in the first direction is greater than or equal to twice the first pitch and less than five times the first pitch; and / or, the second pitch is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm.

[0038] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes:

[0039] A plurality of bus electrodes disposed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface, the plurality of bus electrodes are arranged at intervals along the second direction, each bus electrode is at least in contact connection with at least half of the plurality of current collecting electrodes, or the extension length of each bus electrode in the first direction is greater than half of the width of the solar cell in the first direction;

[0040] A plurality of short bus electrodes disposed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface, the plurality of short bus electrodes extend along the first direction, and each short bus electrode connects 2-5 current collecting electrodes;

[0041] The number of the bus electrodes disposed on the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface is an even number greater than or equal to 6;

[0042] The cell body further has a third side and a fourth side extending along the first direction, the bus electrodes and the short bus electrodes are alternately arranged along the second direction, and the bus electrodes are the closest to the third side and the fourth side.

[0043] In some embodiments, the projections of the busbar electrode disposed on the backlight surface and the busbar electrode disposed on the light-receiving surface onto the battery cell body at least partially overlap; and / or

[0044] The projections of the short bus electrode disposed on the backlight surface and the short bus electrode disposed on the light-receiving surface onto the cell body at least partially overlap.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cell body has a centerline parallel to the first direction and located at the center, and among the plurality of bus electrodes and the plurality of short bus electrodes, the t bus electrodes are closest to the centerline, where t is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3.

[0046] In some embodiments, the backlight surface includes a collection area and a peripheral area surrounding the collection area, and the solar cell includes a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the backlight surface. The doped semiconductor layer includes alternating doped segments and spacer segments, and the spacer segments include a first spacer segment and a second spacer segment. The first spacer segment is located within the collection area and between adjacent collector electrodes, and the second spacer segment is located within the peripheral area.

[0047] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes a plurality of busbar electrodes disposed on the backlight surface, the plurality of busbar electrodes being arranged at intervals along the second direction, each busbar electrode including a first branch collection portion near the first side and a second branch collection portion near the second side; both the first branch collection portion and the second branch collection portion include n branch bodies, where n is a positive integer and n≥2; wherein, the doped segment is disposed at the busbar electrode, the n branch bodies and corresponding edge interconnects surround to form a spacing region, the first spacing segment including a first sub-spacing segment disposed within the spacing region and a second sub-spacing segment disposed outside the spacing region.

[0048] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising:

[0049] At least one battery string, the battery string being formed by connecting multiple solar cells as described above via interconnecting strips;

[0050] An encapsulation layer for covering the surface of the battery string; and,

[0051] A cover plate is used to cover the surface of the encapsulation layer away from the battery string.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery string includes a first solar cell and a second solar cell. The light-receiving surfaces of the first and second solar cells are provided with a plurality of first current collectors, p first current collectors, and m columns of interconnection structures. The back-lighting surfaces are provided with a plurality of second current collectors, p second current collectors, and m columns of interconnection structures. There are b interconnection bars, and each interconnection bar is configured to electrically connect the plurality of first current collectors of the first solar cell to the plurality of second current collectors of the second solar cell.

[0053] Each of the p first bus electrodes overlaps at least partially with and is electrically connected to the interconnect strip, where b, p, and m are all positive integers, and b = m ≥ p > 1.

[0054] In some embodiments, each of the solar cells has a centerline located at the center along a second direction, and c interconnecting strips near the centerline are connected to corresponding bus electrodes, wherein c is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3.

[0055] In some implementations, c is an even number; and / or c is 4 or 6.

[0056] In some embodiments, each of the solar cells has an interconnecting strip at its center line, and the interconnecting strip at and immediately adjacent to the center line is connected to the corresponding bus electrode.

[0057] In some embodiments, the corresponding bus electrodes connected to the c interconnecting strips are symmetrically distributed around the center line.

[0058] This invention discloses a solar cell. Since the interconnecting strips are also connected to adjacent solar cells, the first edge interconnect near the first side experiences greater force compared to the second and third interconnects. Therefore, the first edge interconnect is made relatively larger than the second interconnect, resulting in a larger connection area between the first edge interconnect and the interconnecting strip, making the connection between the first edge interconnect and the interconnecting strip more stable. Furthermore, adding a third interconnect further enhances the welding quality with the interconnecting strip, improving the conductivity and mechanical stability of the cell string. Simultaneously, in the first interconnect group of the interconnect structure, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect on the cell body is smaller than that of the first edge interconnect. The smaller area of ​​the second interconnect reduces the shading area, thereby minimizing the impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Therefore, the solar cell of this embodiment has the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, good conductivity, and good mechanical stability.

[0059] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the solar cell described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the solar cell described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first edge interconnect according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second interconnecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the solar cell described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interconnection structure and the first branched collection section as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interconnection structure and the first branched collection section as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the locations of the collection area, the outer area, and the interval area as described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the short bus electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0073] 10. Battery cell body; 11. First side; 12. Second side; 13. Third side; 14. Backlight surface; 141. Collection area; 142. Peripheral area; 143. Spacing area; 145. First spacing segment; 146. Second spacing segment; 147. First sub-spacing segment; 148. Second sub-spacing segment; 15. Light-receiving surface; 16. Frame;

[0074] 20. Collector electrode;

[0075] 30. Interconnection structure;

[0076] 31. First interconnect assembly; 311. First edge interconnect; 312. Second interconnect; 313. Third interconnect; 314. First main body portion; 315. Extension portion; 317. Second main body portion; 318. First widened portion;

[0077] 32. Second interconnect group; 321. Fourth edge interconnect; 322. Fifth interconnect; 323. Sixth interconnect;

[0078] 33. Intermediate interconnect assembly; 331. Intermediate interconnect component;

[0079] 341. First branch collection section; 342. Second branch collection section; 343. Branch body;

[0080] 40. Bus electrode; 41. Short bus electrode; 50. Interconnect strip;

[0081] X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0082] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0083] In a solar cell, the photocurrent is first conducted through the current collector, and the current collector collects this current and provides a low-resistance path, effectively reducing resistance loss during transmission. Simultaneously, the current collector also connects the solar cell to external circuits, facilitating power output and use, and plays a crucial welding role. The current collector is welded to interconnecting strips through interconnect structures to form a stable and reliable electrical connection, thereby outputting the electrical energy generated by the solar cell to the external circuit. The welding characteristics of the interconnecting structures on the current collector directly affect the mechanical stability and conductivity of the cell string, significantly influencing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0084] Reference Figures 1-10 As shown, this application embodiment provides a solar cell, which includes a cell body 10, a plurality of current collector electrodes 20, and a plurality of interconnecting structures 30. The plurality of current collector electrodes 20 are disposed on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlighting surface 14 of the cell body 10, and are spaced apart along a first direction X. Each current collector electrode 20 extends along a second direction Y, and the first direction X intersects the second direction Y. An array of interconnecting structures 30 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlighting surface 14 of the cell body 10, and the interconnecting structures 30 are connected to the current collector electrodes 20. The cell body 10 has a first side 11 parallel to the second direction Y, and the interconnecting structures 30... The 0 includes an intermediate interconnect group 33 and a first interconnect group 31 near the first side 11, the first interconnect group 31 being located between the first side 11 and the intermediate interconnect group 33; the intermediate interconnect group 33 includes a plurality of intermediate interconnects 331; the first interconnect group 31 includes a first edge interconnect 311 near the first side 11, a third interconnect 313 away from the first side 11, and at least one second interconnect 312 disposed in the middle, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect 312 on the cell body 10 being smaller than the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the cell body 10, and smaller than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the cell body 10.

[0085] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, the solar cell has a first direction X and a second direction Y, which intersect. It can be understood that the angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y can be set according to usage requirements; for example, the first direction X and the second direction Y can be perpendicular.

[0086] The collector electrode 20 is used to collect the photocurrent generated by the solar cell. The collector electrode 20 is connected to the interconnect structure 30. The collector electrode 20 is connected to the bus electrode 40 and the interconnect strip 50 through the interconnect structure 30 to realize the transmission of the photocurrent.

[0087] This invention discloses a solar cell. Since the interconnecting strip 50 is also connected to adjacent solar cells, the first edge interconnect 311, closer to the first side 11, experiences greater force compared to the second interconnect 312 and the third interconnect 313. Therefore, the first edge interconnect 311 is made relatively larger than the second interconnect 312, resulting in a larger connection area between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnecting strip 50. This makes the connection between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnecting strip 50 more stable. Furthermore, adding the third interconnect 313 further enhances the welding quality with the interconnecting strip 50, improving the conductivity and mechanical stability of the cell string. Simultaneously, in the first interconnecting group 31 of the interconnecting structure, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect 312 on the cell body 10 is smaller than that of the first edge interconnect 311, reducing the shading area and thus minimizing the impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Therefore, the solar cell of this embodiment has the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, good conductivity, and good mechanical stability.

[0088] The intermediate interconnect group 33 is located in the middle of the surface of the cell body 10, and the first interconnect group 31 is located close to the first side 11. When the first interconnect group 31 and the intermediate interconnect group 33 are connected to the interconnect strip 50, since the interconnect strip 50 is also connected to adjacent solar cells, the first interconnect group 31 located closer to the first side 11 will be subjected to a greater force than the intermediate interconnect group 33. The second interconnect 312 has a smaller projected area on the cell body 10 than the first interconnect group 31, and the projected area of ​​the second interconnect 312 on the cell body 10 is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​any one of the intermediate interconnects 331 on the cell body 10. Therefore, the projected area of ​​any one of the first interconnect groups 31 on the cell body 10 is greater than the projected area of ​​any one of the intermediate interconnects 331 on the cell body 10. The area of ​​the multiple interconnects in the first interconnect group 31 connected to the interconnect strip 50 is larger. Thus, the connection between the multiple interconnects and the interconnect strip 50 can be more stable, which can improve the conductivity and mechanical stability of the battery string. The relatively small projected area of ​​any one of the intermediate interconnects 33 on the cell body 10 reduces the shading area, resulting in higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0089] There are two dimensional relationships between the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313. The first is that the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the battery cell body 10 is larger than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the battery cell body 10. The second is that the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the battery cell body 10 is equal to the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the battery cell body 10. Both of these situations have corresponding effects and can be set according to actual usage requirements.

[0090] For the first size relationship, the first edge interconnect 311 is closer to the first edge 11 than the third interconnect 313. When the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the cell body 10 is larger than that of the third interconnect 313 on the cell body 10, the connection area between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 is the largest, and the connection between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 is more stable. This improves the conductivity and mechanical stability of the battery string. On the other hand, the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the cell body 10 is relatively small, which reduces the shading area.

[0091] The second size relationship simplifies the graphic design of interconnects. Furthermore, the welding areas of the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313 are consistent, which reduces the difficulty of the welding process and avoids welding problems caused by excessively small size or complex variations. The welding is relatively strong and reliable, which further improves the conductivity and mechanical stability of the component. Moreover, the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313 are evenly distributed on the battery surface, which provides uniform shading of sunlight.

[0092] The lengths and widths of the first edge interconnect 311, the second interconnect 312, and the third interconnect 313 have the following relationships: 1. In the first direction X, the maximum width of the first edge interconnect 311 is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the third interconnect 313, and both are greater than the maximum width of the second interconnect 312. 2. In the second direction Y, the length of the first edge interconnect 311 is greater than or equal to the length of the third interconnect 313, and both are greater than the length of the second interconnect 312. 3. The maximum width of the first edge interconnect 311 is equal to the maximum width of the third interconnect 313, and equal to the maximum width of the second interconnect 312. 4. The length of the first edge interconnect 311 is equal to the length of the third interconnect 313, and equal to the length of the second interconnect 312.

[0093] Among them, the width of the first edge interconnect 311, which is closer to the first side 11, is greater than the width of the second interconnect 312. Therefore, the connection width between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 in the first direction X is larger, which makes the connection between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 more stable, which can improve the conductivity and mechanical stability of the battery string. Moreover, the material usage of the second interconnect 312 is relatively small, which can save material costs.

[0094] When the length of the first edge interconnect 311 is greater than the length of the third interconnect 313, the connection length between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 in the second direction Y is large, making the connection between the first edge interconnect 311 and the interconnect strip 50 more stable, which can improve the conductivity and mechanical stability of the battery string. Moreover, the material usage of the second interconnect 312 is relatively small, which can save material costs.

[0095] When the length of the first edge interconnect 311 is equal to the length of the second interconnect 312 and the length of the third interconnect 313, the lengths of the welding areas of the first edge interconnect 311, the second interconnect 312, and the third interconnect 313 are the same. Conversely, when the width of the first edge interconnect 311 is equal to the width of the second interconnect 312 and the width of the third interconnect 313, the widths of the welding areas of the first edge interconnect 311 and the second interconnect 312 are the same. These two methods can reduce the difficulty of the welding process, avoid welding problems caused by excessively small dimensions or complex variations, and result in relatively strong and reliable welding, further improving the conductivity and mechanical stability of the component.

[0096] In some possible implementations, both the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313 include a first main body portion 314 and extension portions 315 disposed at both ends of the first main body portion 314 in the second direction Y. The extension portions 315 extend away from the first main body portion 314 along the second direction Y and are connected to the current collector electrode 20. In the first direction X, the width of the first main body portion 314 is greater than or equal to the width of the extension portion 315.

[0097] In this embodiment of the application, in the first direction X, the width of the first main body 314 is greater than or equal to the width of the extension 315, and the current collector 20 is thinner. When the extension 315 is connected to the current collector 20, it can be adapted to the width of the current collector 20 in the first direction X, so as to ensure welding reliability and save materials.

[0098] In some possible implementations, the width of the extension 315 in the first direction X is reduced in the direction away from the first main body 314. In this way, when the end of the extension 315 in the direction away from the first main body 314 is connected to the current collector 20, it can better match the width of the current collector 20 in the first direction X, thus effectively ensuring welding reliability.

[0099] Since the height of the current collector electrode 20 in the third direction Z is relatively small, the height of the first main body 314 in the third direction Z can be greater than or equal to the height of the extension 315. In this way, when the extension 315 is connected to the current collector electrode 20, welding problems caused by height difference, such as abnormal tension, can be avoided, so that the current collector electrode 20 is reliably connected to the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313.

[0100] In some possible implementations, the height of the extension 315 in the third direction Z decreases in the direction away from the first main body 314 to achieve a smooth transition in height. This allows the end of the extension 315 in the direction away from the first main body 314 to be better adapted to the height of the current collector 20 in the third direction Z when connected to the current collector 20, thereby reducing the impact of height differences on welding and effectively ensuring welding reliability.

[0101] In some possible implementations, in the second direction Y, the length of the first main body 314 is L1, and the length of the extension 315 is L2, satisfying L1 / 4 ≤ L2 ≤ 3L1 / 4. In the embodiments of this application, when the length L1 of the first main body 314 and the length L2 of the extension 315 satisfy the above range, the ratio of the length L1 of the first main body 314 to the length L2 of the extension 315 is moderate. While satisfying the connection area with the interconnecting strip 50 and the connection with the current collector 20, it saves material usage and thus saves material costs.

[0102] The length L1 of the first main body 314 and the length L2 of the extension 315 need to be set according to requirements. The length L1 of the first main body 314 satisfies 0.7mm ≤ L1 ≤ 1.7mm, for example, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, and 1.7mm. The length L2 of the extension 315 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 0.7mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, and 0.7mm. Furthermore, in the first direction X, the width W1 of the first main body 314 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ W1 ≤ 0.5mm, for example, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, and 0.5mm. In the first direction X, the maximum width W2 of the extension 315 satisfies 0.01mm ≤ W2 ≤ 0.16mm, for example, 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, and 0.16mm. In the first direction X, the minimum width W3 of the extension 315 satisfies 0.01mm ≤ W3 ≤ 0.1mm, for example, 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, and 0.1mm.

[0103] In some possible implementations, the second interconnect 312 includes a second main body portion 317 and a first widening portion 318 disposed at both ends of the second main body portion 317 in the second direction Y, the first widening portion 318 protruding from both sides of the second main body portion 317 in the first direction X.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first widened portion 318 is used to connect with the collector electrode 20. The first widened portion 318 protrudes from both sides of the second main body portion 317 in the first direction X. The first widened portion 318 has a large width in the first direction X that can be connected with the collector electrode 20, which is beneficial to the alignment of the first widened portion 318 and the collector electrode 20. This can avoid the second interconnect 312 and the collector electrode 20 not being able to connect due to small errors, thus reducing the setting accuracy of the second interconnect 312 and the collector electrode 20.

[0105] The second interconnecting member 312 has a length of L3, the second main body portion 317 has a length of L4, the first widening portion 318 has a length of L5, the second main body portion 317 has a width of W4, and the first widening portion 318 has a width of W5. The specific numerical ranges can be set according to usage requirements, satisfying conditions such as 0.32mm ≤ L3 ≤ 1mm (e.g., 0.32mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, and 1mm) and 0.3mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.9mm (e.g., 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, and 0.9mm). The following conditions must be met: 0.02mm ≤ L5 ≤ 0.1mm, for example, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, and 0.1mm; 0.02mm ≤ W4 ≤ 0.1mm, for example, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, and 0.1mm; and 0.05mm ≤ W5 ≤ 0.3mm, for example, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, and 0.3mm, as well as multiple specific values ​​within the above ranges.

[0106] In some possible implementations, the intermediate interconnect 331 includes a third main body portion and second widening portions disposed at both ends of the third main body portion in the second direction Y, the second widening portions protruding from both sides of the third main body portion in the first direction X.

[0107] In this embodiment, the second widened portion is used to connect with the collector electrode 20. The second widened portion protrudes from both sides of the second main body in the first direction X. The second widened portion has a larger width in the first direction X that can connect with the collector electrode 20, which is beneficial for aligning the second widened portion and the collector electrode 20. This can avoid minor errors that could prevent the intermediate interconnect 331 and the collector electrode 20 from being connected, thus reducing the setting accuracy of the intermediate interconnect 331 and the collector electrode 20.

[0108] In some possible implementations, the cell body 10 also has a second side 12 parallel to the second direction Y, with the first side 11 and the second side 12 disposed opposite to each other; the interconnection structure 30 also includes a second interconnection group 32 near the second side 12, the second interconnection group 32 being located between the second side 12 and the intermediate interconnection group 33; the second interconnection group 32 includes a fourth edge interconnection 321 near the second side 12, a sixth interconnection 323 away from the second side 12, and at least one fifth interconnection 322 disposed in the middle, the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnection 322 on the cell body 10 being smaller than the projected area of ​​the fourth edge interconnection 321 on the cell body 10, and smaller than the projected area of ​​the sixth interconnection 323 on the cell body 10.

[0109] In this embodiment of the solar cell, the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnect 322 on the cell body 10 is smaller than that of the fourth edge interconnect 321 and the sixth interconnect 323. This reduces the shading area of ​​the fifth interconnect 322, thus minimizing its impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Since the interconnect strip 50 is also connected to adjacent solar cells, the fourth edge interconnect 321, closer to the second side 12, experiences greater force than the fifth and sixth interconnects. Therefore, setting the fourth edge interconnect 321 relatively larger than the fifth interconnect 322 results in a larger connection area between the fourth edge interconnect 321 and the interconnect strip 50, making the connection between the fourth edge interconnect 321 and the interconnect strip 50 more stable. This improved connection enhances the conductivity and mechanical stability of the cell string. Therefore, the solar cell of this embodiment possesses the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency and good conductivity and mechanical stability.

[0110] In some possible implementations, the first side 11 is an uncut side, the second side 12 is a cut side, and the solar cell is a half-cell solar cell. When the solar cell is connected with an adjacent solar cell to form a cell string, the first side 11 faces the second side 12 of the adjacent solar cell. Thus, the first interconnect group 31 on the light-receiving surface 15 of the solar cell and the second interconnect group 32 on the back-lighting surface 14 of the adjacent solar cell are connected by interconnecting strips 50. The first interconnect group 31 and the second interconnect group 32 experience the greatest tensile force. Therefore, to ensure the stability of the two adjacent solar cells... For reliable cell connection, the first interconnect group 31 on the light-receiving surface 15 and the second interconnect group 32 on the backlight surface 14 should be configured such that the projected area of ​​the second interconnect 312 on the cell body 10 is smaller than the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the cell body 10 and smaller than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the cell body 10; and the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnect 322 on the cell body 10 is smaller than the projected area of ​​the fourth edge interconnect 321 on the cell body 10 and smaller than the projected area of ​​the sixth interconnect 323 on the cell body 10.

[0111] In some possible implementations, the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect 311 on the cell body 10 is the same as the projected area of ​​the fourth edge interconnect 321 on the cell body 10; and / or, the projected area of ​​the second interconnect 312 on the cell body 10 is the same as the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnect 322 on the cell body 10; and / or, the projected area of ​​the third interconnect 313 on the cell body 10 is the same as the projected area of ​​the sixth interconnect 323 on the cell body 10.

[0112] In the embodiments of this application, the first edge interconnect 311 and the fourth edge interconnect 321 are symmetrically arranged, the second interconnect 312 and the fifth interconnect 322 are symmetrically arranged, and the third interconnect 313 and the sixth interconnect 323 are symmetrically arranged, which facilitates the design of the interconnects.

[0113] In some possible implementations, in the first direction X, there are 4-7 collector electrodes 20 located between the first edge interconnect 311 and the first side 11, with 1-4 collector electrodes 20 near the first side 11 being disconnected. Similarly, there are 4-7 collector electrodes 20 located between the fourth edge interconnect 321 and the second side 12, with 1-4 collector electrodes 20 near the second side 12 being disconnected.

[0114] In this embodiment, 1-4 current collector electrodes 20 near the first side 11 and 1-4 current collector electrodes 20 near the second side 12 are disconnected, forming a welding buffer zone to keep the solar cell away from the first side 11 during welding, thus preventing stress concentration on the first side 11 and causing fragmentation. In some possible implementations, the solar cell further includes p bus electrodes 40 spaced apart along the second direction Y, and multiple interconnect structures 30 including m columns spaced apart along the second direction Y, where p and m are positive integers, m ≥ p > 1; each bus electrode 40 extends along the first direction X, covers and connects to one column of interconnect structures 30 in the m columns, and is connected to multiple current collector electrodes 20.

[0115] In the embodiments of this application, when m = p, each bus electrode 40 is connected to the interconnect structure 30 and the collector electrode 20; when m > p, some bus electrodes 40 are connected to the interconnect structure 30 and the collector electrode 20, and the remaining bus electrodes 40 are only connected to the collector electrode 20. In this way, it can adapt to various usage requirements of solar cells.

[0116] In some possible implementations, the solar cell includes edge regions located at both ends along the second direction Y and a middle region located between the two edge regions; in each edge region, the spacing between adjacent bus electrodes 40 along the second direction Y is a first value, and in the middle region, the spacing between adjacent bus electrodes 40 along the second direction Y is a second value, and the ratio of the first value to the second value is in the range of 1-2.

[0117] In this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent bus electrodes 40 in the edge region is relatively large, while the spacing between adjacent bus electrodes 40 in the middle region is relatively small. This allows multiple bus electrodes 40 to be stably welded to the current collector electrode 20 in the middle region, effectively suppressing warping in the central region of the solar cell and ensuring the reliability and current output performance of the solar cell module.

[0118] In some possible implementations, the solar cell further includes a plurality of busbar electrodes 40 disposed on the backlight surface 14. The plurality of busbar electrodes 40 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. Each busbar electrode 40 includes a first branching collection portion 341 near the first side 11 and a second branching collection portion 342 near the second side 12. The first branching collection portion 341 and the second branching collection portion 342 each include n branching bodies 343, where n is a positive integer and n≥2. For example, refer to Figure 6 As shown, it illustrates a structural diagram of two bifurcated main bodies 343, for reference. Figure 7 As shown, it illustrates a structural diagram of a forked main body 343 having three branches.

[0119] The specific dimensional relationships of the bifurcated body 343 can be set according to usage requirements. For example, in the second direction Y, the length of the bifurcated body 343 is L6, satisfying 15um ≤ L6 ≤ 100um, such as 15um, 20um, 30um, 40um, 50um, 60um, 70um, 80um, 90um, and 100um. And / or, the distance between two adjacent bifurcated bodies 343 is L7, satisfying mm ≤ L7 ≤ mm; and / or, in the first direction X, the width of the bifurcated body 343 is W6, satisfying 2mm ≤ W6 ≤ 10mm, such as 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, and 10mm. And multiple specific values between the above numerical ranges.

[0120] In some possible implementation manners, the solar cell further includes a plurality of edge interconnects near the first side 11. The cell body 10 further has a third side 13 and a fourth side extending along the first direction X. The plurality of edge interconnects include a first edge interconnect 311 near the third side 13 of the cell body 10 and a second interconnect 312 near the fourth side, and an intermediate edge interconnect located between the first edge interconnect 311 and the second interconnect 312; the distance between the first edge interconnect 311 and an adjacent intermediate edge interconnect is D1, and the distance between the first edge interconnect 311 and the third side 13 is D2. In order to save the processing cost of the edge interconnects and avoid stress problems caused by welding at the edges, it is necessary to reasonably set the relationship between D1 and D2. For example, 1 < D2 / D1 < 1.6; or for another example, both D1 and D2 are less than 10mm.

[0121] In some possible implementation manners, there is a first pitch between adjacent current collecting electrodes 20 in the first direction X, and a second pitch between the first edge interconnect 311 and the third interconnect 313 in the first direction X is greater than or equal to twice the first pitch and less than five times the first pitch; and / or, the second pitch is greater than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 7mm.

[0122] In some possible implementation manners, in order to achieve better collection and conduction of photo-generated current, on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlight surface 14, each current collecting electrode 40 is at least in contact connection with half of the plurality of current collecting electrodes 20, or the extension length of each current collecting electrode 40 in the first direction X is greater than half of the width of the solar cell in the first direction X. The number of current collecting electrodes 40 provided on the light-receiving surface 15 and the backlight surface 14 is an even number greater than or equal to 6. And, in order to reduce the conversion efficiency problem caused by light blocking, the projections of the current collecting electrodes 40 provided on the backlight surface 14 and the current collecting electrodes 40 provided on the light-receiving surface 15 on the cell body 10 at least partially overlap.

[0123] In the absence of contact between each bus electrode 40 and all the collector electrodes 20, to improve the collection and conduction of photocurrent, the solar cell also includes multiple short bus electrodes 41 disposed on the light-receiving surface 15 and the back-lighting surface 14. These short bus electrodes 41 extend along the first direction X, and each short bus electrode 41 connects to 2-5 collector electrodes 20. Furthermore, due to the smaller length of the short bus electrodes 41, in addition to improving the photocurrent collection and conduction capability, it also avoids the impact on photoelectric conversion efficiency caused by light shading, and reduces the number of bus electrodes 40 and production costs. The placement of the short bus electrodes 41 and their positional relationship with the bus electrodes 40 can be configured according to usage requirements. For example, the bus electrodes 40 and short bus electrodes 41 can be arranged alternately along the second direction Y, with the bus electrodes 40 being closest to the third side 13 and the fourth side. For example, the battery cell body 10 has a centerline parallel to the first direction X and located at the center. Among the multiple bus electrodes 40 and multiple short bus electrodes 41, the t bus electrodes 40 are closer to the centerline, where t is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3.

[0124] To avoid further light obstruction, the projections of the short bus electrode 41 disposed on the backlight surface 14 and the short bus electrode 41 disposed on the light-receiving surface 15 onto the cell body 10 at least partially overlap.

[0125] In some embodiments, the backlight surface 14 includes a collection region 141 and a peripheral region 142 surrounding the collection region 141. The solar cell includes a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the backlight surface 14. The doped semiconductor layer includes alternating doped segments and spacer segments. The spacer segments include a first spacer segment 145 and a second spacer segment 146. The first spacer segment 145 is located within the collection region 141 and between adjacent collector electrodes 20, and the second spacer segment 146 is located within the peripheral region 142.

[0126] A frame 16 is provided on the backlight surface 14, dividing the backlight surface 14 into a collection region 141 and a peripheral region 142. The peripheral region 142 is located outside the collection region 141. The doped region refers to the region in the semiconductor layer that has doped polysilicon, and the spacer refers to the region that has no doped polysilicon.

[0127] In this embodiment, since the entire backlight surface 14 is covered by a doped semiconductor layer, it experiences significant parasitic absorption of light. This reduces light utilization efficiency and affects the bifaciality, typically manifesting as a decrease in the power generation capacity of the backlight surface 14. A low bifaciality directly leads to a decrease in the overall efficiency of the solar cell, especially in bifacial power generation scenarios, such as environments with diffuse ground light reflection. By forming a first undoped polycrystalline silicon spacer 145 and a second spacer 146 between the current collector electrodes 20, the parasitic absorption of light by the doped semiconductor layer can be reduced. In particular, near-infrared light can be effectively reflected back to the silicon substrate, increasing the light utilization rate of the backlight surface 14 and thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0128] In some embodiments, a doped section is provided at the bus electrode 40, and n branch bodies 343 and corresponding edge interconnects surround to form a spacer region 143. The first spacer section 145 includes a first sub-spacer section 147 disposed within the spacer region 143 and a second sub-spacer section 148 disposed outside the spacer region 143.

[0129] It is understood that all spacing regions 143 are provided with the first sub-spacing segment 147. In the embodiments of this application, the above structure has the following advantages: 1. Since the passivation layer may be burned through when the bus electrode 40 is set, resulting in the formation of recombination centers between the bus electrode 40 and the silicon substrate, affecting the power generation efficiency, retaining doped polycrystalline silicon at the corresponding position of the bus electrode 40 can reduce the risk of burn-through of the current collector electrode 20; 2. Since the spacing segments set on the semiconductor layer are usually formed by etching process, if the spacing segment is formed at the location of the bus electrode 40, a pit will be formed on the semiconductor substrate of the solar cell, affecting the printing consistency of the bus electrode 40, increasing the transmission resistance, and affecting the current collection capability; at the same time, since the pit formed by the spacing segment affects the flatness of the cell surface, when the interconnect strip 50 is connected to the bus electrode 40, it may also lead to a reduction in the contact area between the two, affecting the connection strength, increasing the resistance, reducing the current transmission capability, and thus affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the solar module. Therefore, setting a doped segment at the bus electrode 40 can reduce the above risks. Therefore, the setting of the spacer segment and the setting of the doped segment at the bus electrode 40 and the doped segment at the collector electrode 20 can further reduce the parasitic absorption of light and improve the power generation capacity of the battery without affecting the current transmission capability of the bus electrode 40.

[0130] This application embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes at least one battery string, an encapsulation layer, and a cover plate; the battery string is formed by connecting multiple solar cells as described above through interconnecting strips 50; the encapsulation layer is used to cover the surface of the battery string; and the cover plate is used to cover the surface of the encapsulation layer away from the battery string.

[0131] The interconnecting strips 50 connect the solar cells in series or parallel to form a complete circuit loop, ensuring that the photovoltaic module can output stable voltage and power. The encapsulation layer mainly protects the solar cells and ensures the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic module, while also improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. The cover plate mainly provides protection and support, and also has key functions such as insulation, water resistance, and aging resistance to ensure the long-term stability of the photovoltaic module. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module, through the arrangement of the cell strings, encapsulation layer, and cover plate, can form a stable structure.

[0132] In some possible implementations, the battery string includes a first solar cell and a second solar cell. The light-receiving surface 15 of the first and second solar cells is provided with a plurality of first current collectors, p first bus electrodes, and m columns of interconnection structures 30. The backlight surface 14 is provided with a plurality of second current collectors, p second bus electrodes, and m columns of interconnection structures 30. There are b interconnection strips 50. Each interconnection strip 50 is configured to electrically connect the plurality of first current collectors of the first solar cell to the plurality of second current collectors of the second solar cell. The number of interconnection structures 30 and columns is the same as the number of interconnection strips 50, and each of the p first bus electrodes overlaps at least partially with and is electrically connected to the interconnection strip 50. Therefore, b = m ≥ p > 1 is satisfied, and b, p, and m are all positive integers.

[0133] In some possible implementations, each solar cell has a centerline located at its center along the second direction Y, and c interconnecting strips 50 near the centerline are connected to corresponding bus electrodes 40, where c is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3. Specifically, the value of C can be set according to usage requirements; for example, c is an even number; or, for example, c is 4 or 6.

[0134] The centerline of the solar cell is set along the first direction X. By setting a specific number of interconnecting strips 50 near the centerline of the solar cell and connecting them to the bus electrodes 40, stable welding in the central region of the solar cell can be ensured, preventing warping of the solar cell and ensuring the assembly quality and output characteristics of the photovoltaic module. In a preferred embodiment, the bus electrodes 40 connected to the c interconnecting strips 50 closest to the centerline of the solar cell are symmetrically distributed around the centerline of the solar cell to further ensure balanced welding tension of the solar cell.

[0135] Specifically, the number of interconnecting strips 50 on the solar cell can be either odd or even. The number of interconnecting strips 50 is equal in the left and right halves of the solar cell, with the center line as the boundary.

[0136] When the number of interconnecting strips 50 is odd, the centerline of the solar cell can be located on one interconnecting strip 50. The interconnecting strip 50 at the centerline, as well as the two interconnecting strips 50 immediately adjacent to it, are all connected to the bus electrode 40. For example, three or five interconnecting strips 50 connected to the bus electrode 40 can be provided in the central region of the solar cell. The centerline of the solar cell and the centrally located interconnecting strip 50 at least partially overlap, and the number of interconnecting strips 50 in the left and right halves of the solar cell is equal. By providing interconnecting strips 50 connected to the bus electrode 40 at and immediately adjacent to the centerline, the symmetry of the welding between the interconnecting strips 50 and the bus electrode 40 within the central region of the solar cell is ensured, thereby guaranteeing balanced welding tension on the solar cell.

[0137] When the number of interconnecting strips 50 is even, no interconnecting strips 50 are provided at the center line of the solar cell. The four or six interconnecting strips 50 closest to the center line of the solar cell are connected to the bus electrode 40. The number of interconnecting strips 50 can be set to a specific even number, such as a multiple of 4, like 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, and so on. In a preferred embodiment, the number of interconnecting strips 50 is set to a multiple of 4 and greater than or equal to 20. Bus electrodes 40 are provided at the positions of the four or six interconnecting strips 50 closest to the center line in both the left and right halves of the solar cell. That is, a total of four or six interconnecting strips 50 are connected to the bus electrode 40 in the central area of ​​the solar cell. With this configuration, when the number of interconnecting strips 50 is greater than 20, multiple interconnecting strips 50 at the very center of the solar cell can form a stable weld with the bus electrode 40, effectively suppressing warping in the central region of the solar cell. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, a bus electrode 40 is also welded to the interconnecting strip 50 closest to the first side 11 and the second side 12 of the solar cell, effectively suppressing warping in the edge region of the solar cell. By simultaneously strengthening the welding pull in both the central and edge regions of the solar cell, the reliability and current output performance of the solar cell module can be more effectively guaranteed.

[0138] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0139] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. For embodiments of devices, electronic devices, computer-readable storage media, and computer program products containing instructions, the descriptions are relatively simple because they are basically similar to the method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0140] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, include: Battery cell body (10); Multiple current collectors (20) are disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) and the backlight surface (14) of the battery cell body (10). The multiple current collectors (20) are arranged at intervals along a first direction (X), and each current collector (20) extends along a second direction (Y). The first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) intersect. Multiple interconnect structures (30) are arrayed on the light-receiving surface (15) and the backlight surface (14) of the battery cell body (10), and the interconnect structures (30) are connected to the current collector electrode (20); wherein, The battery cell body (10) has a first side (11) parallel to the second direction (Y), and the interconnection structure (30) includes an intermediate interconnection group (33) and a first interconnection group (31) near the first side (11), the first interconnection group (31) being located between the first side (11) and the intermediate interconnection group (33); The intermediate interconnect group (33) includes a plurality of intermediate interconnects (331); the first interconnect group (31) includes a first edge interconnect (311) close to the first side (11), a third interconnect (313) away from the first side (11), and at least one second interconnect (312) disposed in the middle, wherein the projected area of ​​the second interconnect (312) on the battery cell body (10) is smaller than the projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect (311) on the battery cell body (10), and smaller than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect (313) on the battery cell body (10); The solar cell also includes a plurality of edge interconnects near the first side (11), and the cell body also has a third side (13) and a fourth side extending along the first direction (X). The plurality of edge interconnects include a first edge interconnect (311) near the third side (13) of the cell body and a second interconnect (312) near the fourth side, and an intermediate edge interconnect located between the first edge interconnect (311) and the second interconnect (312). The distance between the first edge interconnect (311) and the adjacent intermediate edge interconnect is D1, and the distance between the first edge interconnect (311) and the third side (13) is D2; wherein, 1 <D2 / D1<1.6; In the second direction (Y), the length of the first edge interconnect (311) is greater than the length of the second interconnect (312); The solar cell further includes p bus electrodes (40) spaced apart along the second direction (Y), and the plurality of interconnect structures (30) include m columns spaced apart along the second direction (Y), where p and m are positive integers, m≥p>1; each bus electrode (40) extends along the first direction (X), covers and connects to one column of the interconnect structures (30) in the m columns, and is connected to the plurality of collector electrodes (20).

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the second interconnect (312) on the cell body (10) is greater than or equal to the projected area of ​​any one of the plurality of intermediate interconnects (331) on the cell body (10).

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect (311) on the battery cell body (10) is greater than the projected area of ​​the third interconnect (313) on the battery cell body (10); or, The projected area of ​​the first edge interconnect (311) on the cell body (10) is equal to the projected area of ​​the third interconnect (313) on the cell body (10).

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first edge interconnect (311) and the third interconnect (313) include a first main body (314) and extensions (315) disposed at both ends of the first main body (314) in the second direction (Y). The extensions (315) extend from the first main body (314) away from the first main body (314) along the second direction (Y) and are connected to the collector electrode (20). In the first direction (X), the width of the first main body portion (314) is greater than or equal to the width of the extension portion (315); and / or, In the direction away from the first main body (314), the width of the extension (315) decreases along the first direction (X).

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height of the first main body (314) along a third direction (Z) is greater than or equal to the height of the extension (315), wherein the third direction (Z) is perpendicular to both the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y); and / or, In the direction away from the first main body (314), the height of the extension (315) decreases along the third direction (Z).

6. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the second direction (Y), the length of the first main body (314) is L1 and the length of the extension (315) is L2, satisfying that L1 / 4≤L2≤3L1 / 4.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), the width of the first edge interconnect (311) is greater than or equal to the width of the second interconnect (312); and / or, The width of the third interconnect (313) is greater than or equal to the width of the second interconnect (312).

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the third interconnect (313) is greater than or equal to the length of the second interconnect (312).

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second interconnecting member (312) includes a second main body portion (317) and first widened portions (318) disposed at both ends of the second main body portion (317) in a second direction (Y), the first widened portions (318) protruding from both sides of the second main body portion (317) in the first direction (X); and / or, The intermediate interconnect (331) includes a third main body and a second widening portion disposed at both ends of the third main body in the second direction (Y), the second widening portion protruding from both sides of the third main body in the first direction (X).

10. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell body (10) also has a second side (12) parallel to the second direction (Y), and the first side (11) and the second side (12) are arranged opposite to each other; The interconnect structure (30) further includes a second interconnect group (32) near the second side (12), the second interconnect group (32) being located between the second side (12) and the intermediate interconnect group (33); The second interconnect group (32) includes a fourth edge interconnect (321) close to the second side (12), a sixth interconnect (323) away from the second side (12), and at least one fifth interconnect (322) disposed in the middle, wherein the projected area of ​​the fifth interconnect (322) on the cell body (10) is smaller than the projected area of ​​the fourth edge interconnect (321) on the cell body (10) and smaller than the projected area of ​​the sixth interconnect (323) on the cell body (10).

11. The solar cell according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), There are 4-7 collector electrodes (20) located between the first edge interconnect (311) and the first edge (11), and 1-4 of the collector electrodes (20) near the first edge (11) are disconnected; and / or, There are 4-7 collector electrodes (20) located between the fourth edge interconnect (321) and the second edge (12), and 1-4 collector electrodes (20) near the second edge (12) are disconnected.

12. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both D1 and D2 are less than 10mm.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent collector electrodes (20) have a first spacing in a first direction (X), and the second spacing in the first direction (X) between the first edge interconnect (311) and the third interconnect (313) is greater than or equal to twice the first spacing and less than five times the first spacing; And / or, the second spacing is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm.

14. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple busbars (40) are disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) and the backlight surface (14), the multiple busbars (40) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y), each busbar (40) is in contact with at least half of the multiple collector electrodes (20), or the extension length of each busbar (40) in the first direction (X) is greater than half the width of the solar cell in the first direction (X); Multiple short bus electrodes (41) are disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) and the backlight surface (14), the multiple short bus electrodes (41) extend along the first direction (X), and each short bus electrode (41) is connected to 2-5 collector electrodes (20). The number of the bus electrodes (40) disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) and the backlight surface (14) is an even number greater than or equal to 6; The battery cell body (10) also has a third side (13) and a fourth side extending along the first direction (X), and the bus electrode (40) and the short bus electrode (41) are arranged alternately along the second direction (Y), with the bus electrode (40) being closest to the third side (13) and the fourth side.

15. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that, The projections of the busbar electrode (40) disposed on the backlight surface (14) and the busbar electrode (40) disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) onto the battery cell body (10) at least partially overlap; and / or The projections of the short bus electrode (41) disposed on the backlight surface (14) and the short bus electrode (41) disposed on the light-receiving surface (15) on the battery cell body (10) at least partially overlap.

16. The solar cell according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The battery cell body (10) has a center line parallel to the first direction (X) and located at the center. Among the multiple bus electrodes (40) and multiple short bus electrodes (41), the bus electrodes (40) closest to the center line are t, where t is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3.

17. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backlight surface (14) includes a collection area (141) and a peripheral area (142) surrounding the collection area (141). The solar cell includes a doped semiconductor layer disposed on the backlight surface (14). The doped semiconductor layer includes alternating doped segments and spacer segments. The spacer segments include a first spacer segment (145) and a second spacer segment (146). The first interval segment (145) is located within the collection area (141) and between adjacent collector electrodes (20), while the second interval segment (146) is located within the peripheral area (142).

18. The solar cell according to claim 17, characterized in that, The solar cell also includes a plurality of busbars (40) disposed on the back surface (14). The plurality of busbars (40) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y). Each busbar (40) includes a first branch collection portion (341) near the first side (11) and a second branch collection portion (342) near the second side (12). Both the first branch collection section (341) and the second branch collection section (342) include n branch bodies (343), where n is a positive integer and n≥2; The doped section is provided at the bus electrode (40), and the n branch bodies (343) and the corresponding edge interconnects surround and form a spacer region (143). The first spacer section (145) includes a first sub-spacer section (147) disposed within the spacer region (143) and a second sub-spacer section (148) disposed outside the spacer region (143).

19. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: At least one battery string, the battery string being formed by connecting a plurality of solar cells as described in any one of claims 1 to 18 via interconnecting strips (50); An encapsulation layer for covering the surface of the battery string; and, A cover plate is used to cover the surface of the encapsulation layer away from the battery string.

20. The photovoltaic module according to claim 19, characterized in that, The battery string includes a first solar cell and a second solar cell. The light-receiving surface (15) of the first solar cell and the second solar cell is provided with a plurality of first collector electrodes, p first bus electrodes, and m columns of interconnection structure (30). The backlight surface (14) is provided with a plurality of second collector electrodes, p second bus electrodes, and m columns of interconnection structure (30). There are b interconnection strips (50). Each interconnection strip (50) is configured to electrically connect the plurality of first collector electrodes of the first solar cell to the plurality of second collector electrodes of the second solar cell. Each of the p first bus electrodes overlaps at least partially with the interconnect strip (50) and is electrically connected, where b, p, and m are all positive integers, and b = m ≥ p > 1.

21. The photovoltaic module according to claim 19, characterized in that, Each of the solar cells has a centerline located at the center along a second direction (Y), and c interconnecting strips (50) near the centerline are connected to corresponding bus electrodes (40), wherein c is an integer less than or equal to 6 and greater than or equal to 3.

22. The photovoltaic module according to claim 21, characterized in that, c is an even number.

23. The photovoltaic module according to claim 21, characterized in that, Each of the solar cells has an interconnecting strip (50) at its center line, and the interconnecting strip (50) at the center line and adjacent to the center line is connected to the corresponding bus electrode (40).

24. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 21-23, characterized in that, The corresponding bus electrodes (40) connected to the c interconnecting strips (50) are symmetrically distributed around the center line.

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