Safety device for tower crane overturning control in constructional engineering and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety device for tower crane overturning control in building engineering and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of building construction.The device comprises an adjusting limiting mechanism and a bearing mechanism, and the bearing mechanism comprises a bearing support, a sliding and descending brake assembly and a sliding rail connected with the sliding and descending brake assembly; sliding supports and recycling bins connected with the sliding supports are arranged on the two sides of the bearing support, the recycling bins are pre-buried in the foundation, the bearing support is supported on the reserved cavity channel through the sliding supports, and the sliding supports are connected with the bearing support through a plurality of bolts capable of being cut off; according to the safety device, dynamic deviation rectification can be conducted on the overturning process of the tower crane, the using safety of the tower crane is improved, the risk of secondary overturning of the tower crane is reduced, and standard knots of the tower crane can be well supported; the overturning direction of the tower crane can be directionally controlled when the inclination degree of the tower crane is too large and deviation cannot be corrected, and the surrounding environment is prevented from being greatly influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a safety device and a construction method for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, housing construction models are constantly innovating. Among them, modular construction has gradually become one of the mainstream construction methods due to its short construction period and lower carbon and environmental protection compared to traditional construction. In these construction projects, tower cranes (hereinafter referred to as tower cranes) serve as important horizontal and vertical transportation tools for building materials and components, and have become one of the important lifting equipment. However, the current safety issue of tower cranes overturning during use cannot be ignored. Compared with traditional lighter material transportation, modular construction requires overall lifting, and the weight of modular building components is very heavy. As the application of modular construction increases, the problem of tower crane overturning will become more prominent.

[0003] In addition, for some urban villages and dilapidated housing renovation projects, these projects are generally located in the city's central old urban area, surrounded by numerous buildings, or there are busy old urban streets, or they are adjacent to schools, railway viaducts, etc., which restricts the use of tower cranes. In addition, if a tower crane overturns, the impact will be very significant. Currently, in order to prevent the collapse of tower cranes and the safety of existing structures, tower cranes are generally set away from important buildings, and no important buildings are allowed within the collapse radius. This has greatly restricted the current height and layout of tower cranes, and thus has a significant impact on the construction of urban villages and dilapidated housing renovation. In particular, for modular buildings, since they need to be constructed by "stacking blocks", tower cranes cannot be placed in a space in the middle of the building like traditional construction, and then the reserved space in the middle of the building is cast after the rest of the construction is completed. The layout of tower cranes is basically outside the building, which further restricts the layout of tower cranes.

[0004] In addition, in terms of tower crane overturning control, active fixed restriction methods are also used by adding some inclined cables or inclined rods. For example, publication number CN218320432U discloses a construction tower crane anti-collapse device, which has a power car and a mobile car at the lower part of the tower crane, and is respectively connected to the balance car and balance arm at the upper part of the tower crane, thereby improving the anti-overturning ability of the tower crane to a certain extent; in addition, publication number CN118324047A discloses a multifunctional tower crane foundation conversion and installation mechanism and its installation and leveling method. The proposed mechanism can be applied to the conversion and installation of tower cranes of various specifications. At the same time, the use of a leveling mechanism can realize timely correction of horizontal deviations, thereby avoiding work stoppages or even accidents caused by the tilt of the tower crane foundation caused by external factors.

[0005] The above-disclosed devices cannot limit the overturning process once the tower crane actually starts to overturn. At the same time, they cannot control the overturning process, provide certain dynamic correction or allow the tower crane to overturn in a predetermined direction. There is no way to reduce the overturning radius of the tower crane and reduce the impact range of the overturning of the tower crane. Therefore, a safety device and control method for controlling the overturning of tower cranes in construction projects are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety device and a construction method for controlling the overturning of a tower crane in a construction project in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project, the safety device comprising:

[0009] An adjustment and limiting mechanism is provided on the foundation, the adjustment and limiting mechanism comprises a limiting frame provided around the standard section, the limiting frame is provided with a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly acts on a first slide rail on the standard section;

[0010] A supporting mechanism is arranged in the foundation, and the supporting mechanism includes a supporting bracket for supporting the standard section, and a sliding brake assembly is provided around the supporting bracket. The foundation is provided with a reserved cavity below the supporting bracket, and the inner periphery of the reserved cavity is provided with a plurality of second slide rails connected to the sliding brake assembly; sliding supports and a recovery bin connected to the sliding supports are provided on both sides of the supporting bracket, and the recovery bin is pre-buried in the foundation, and the sliding support supports the supporting bracket on the reserved cavity, and the sliding support is connected to the supporting bracket by a plurality of cut-off bolts, and the recovery bin and the sliding support are also provided with a cutting assembly that can act on the cut-off bolts.

[0011] By setting the adjusting limit mechanism and the supporting mechanism, the safety device can not only well support the standard section of the tower crane, but also dynamically correct the overturning process of the tower crane, thereby improving the safety of the tower crane and reducing the risk of secondary overturning of the tower crane; the safety device utilizes the adjusting limit mechanism and the supporting mechanism to directionally control the overturning direction of the tower crane when the inclination of the tower crane is too large and cannot be corrected, thereby avoiding a major impact on the surrounding environment.

[0012] The provision of the supporting mechanism enables the safety device to raise the upper limit of the operating height of the tower crane when there are important buildings nearby, and also allows the arrangement of the tower crane to become more flexible, thereby improving the applicability of the tower crane. In the event of earthquakes, strong winds and some uncontrollable natural risks, the tower crane can also be lowered by actively controlling the supporting mechanism to lower the center of gravity of the tower crane and reduce the risk of overturning the tower crane.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting frame includes a three-dimensional frame structure formed by connecting multiple horizontal and vertical beams and multiple supporting columns, corner braces are provided between the horizontal and vertical beams and the supporting columns, and the limiting frame is provided with diagonal braces between the side where the limiting component is provided and the foundation.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes a vertical pole arranged on the limiting frame, and a winch arranged on the foundation, a pulley is provided on the vertical pole, a steel wire rope of the winch is arranged around the pulley and a slider is connected to the end of the steel wire rope, and the slider is installed on the first slide rail.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical poles are a pair arranged side by side, and the winch, the steel wire rope, the slider and the first slide rail are also a pair; the slider is provided with a lifting lug on the side facing away from the first slide rail, and the steel wire rope is connected to the lifting lug.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of tower crane supports are provided above the supporting bracket, and the tower crane supports are used to connect and support standard sections; a plurality of cantilever ends are provided on each outer peripheral surface of the supporting bracket, and the cantilever ends are connected and installed with the descent brake assembly; the sliding support is connected to the bottom of the supporting bracket by the cuttable bolts, and two parallel sliding supports form a group, and each group of the sliding supports corresponds to one of the recovery bins, and the sliding supports are vertically staggered from the second slide rail arrangement.

[0017] Furthermore, the downhill brake assembly includes a safety clamp arranged on the outside of the supporting bracket, and a hydraulic component that connects and controls the relaxation or clamping of the safety clamp. The safety clamp is clamped on the second slide rail, and the second slide rail is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the reserved cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, the foundation is provided with a shaft below the reserved cavity, the second slide rail extends into the shaft, and a plurality of vertically arranged buffer springs are provided in the shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the cuttable bolt is a fiberglass bolt, and one end of the sliding support can be slidably inserted into the recovery bin; the cutting assembly includes a blade arranged on the upper surface of the sliding support, the edge of the blade is arranged toward the cuttable bolt, and the end of the blade is provided with a top block, which passes upward through the limiting groove on the recovery bin, and a spring is provided in the limiting groove to connect and drive the top block, and the sliding support is also provided with a reserved groove for the movement of the blade; an adjustment controller is also provided above the recovery bin, and the adjustment controller is connected to a movable limiting rod, and the limiting rod acts on the top block so that the spring will be in a compressed state under the limiting action of the limiting rod.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of elastic rods are respectively provided on the inner periphery of the limiting frame and the outer periphery of the supporting bracket, and rollers are respectively provided on the ends of the elastic rods. The rollers on the inner periphery of the limiting frame abut against the standard section, and the rollers on the outer periphery of the supporting bracket abut against the inner wall of the reserved cavity and the inner wall of the well below the reserved cavity.

[0021] The present invention also provides a construction method for a safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project, the construction method comprising the following steps:

[0022] The site is leveled and the position of the well under the foundation is positioned and staked out;

[0023] The shaft is constructed by caisson method, and a buffer spring and a second slide rail are installed in the shaft. At the same time, steel bars are reserved on the shaft to connect with the foundation;

[0024] Using the slope method, the foundation pit is excavated, and the reinforcement cage of the foundation is installed, while reserving space for the installation of the supporting mechanism;

[0025] The foundation is poured as a whole, and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, the recovery bin, sliding support, supporting bracket, hydraulic component, elastic rod, second slide rail and safety clamp on the supporting mechanism are installed in sequence;

[0026] Welding the tower crane support to the lower part of the lowest standard section, and hoisting the standard section to the top of the supporting bracket, and fixing it with bolts;

[0027] After the first standard section is installed, the entire supporting mechanism is debugged and the working conditions of the hydraulic components and the recovery bin are checked;

[0028] The adjustment and limiting mechanism is installed on the foundation, and the state of each elastic rod is adjusted so that the roller at the end of the elastic rod is in close contact with the side wall of the column of the standard section to provide pre-support force;

[0029] Place the second standard section on the first standard section, and install the slider on the limit assembly on the first slide rail; then complete the installation of the remaining components of the tower crane in sequence.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The safety device can not only well support the standard section of the tower crane through the arrangement of the adjusting limit mechanism and the supporting mechanism, but also can dynamically correct the overturning process of the tower crane, thereby improving the safety of the tower crane and reducing the risk of secondary overturning of the tower crane; 2. The safety device can directionally control the overturning direction of the tower crane by utilizing the adjusting limit mechanism and the supporting mechanism when the inclination of the tower crane is too large and cannot be corrected, thereby avoiding a greater impact on the surrounding environment; 3. The arrangement of the supporting mechanism can enable the safety device to increase the upper limit of the operating height of the tower crane when there are important buildings nearby, and can also make the arrangement of the tower crane more flexible, thereby improving the applicability of the tower crane; in the event of earthquakes, strong winds and some uncontrollable natural risks, the tower crane can also be lowered by actively controlling the supporting mechanism to lower the center of gravity of the tower crane and reduce the risk of overturning the tower crane; The limiting assembly on the limiting frame can provide a unidirectional overturning control force for the tower body, and the reaction force provided by the elastic rod can provide a passive overturning control force for the tower body; 5. On the one hand, the supporting bracket is used to support the installation of the standard section, and on the other hand, the height of the tower body standard section can be appropriately adjusted through the sliding brake assembly arranged thereon. It can also drive the entire tower body to be lowered by releasing the connection with the sliding support, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the tower crane; 6. The safety clamp cooperates with the second slide rail to allow it to descend vertically, and can also gradually slow down and stop; the fiberglass bolt is set to connect the sliding support and the supporting bracket, and can also be cut off to release the rigid connection relationship. By retracting the sliding support, the supporting bracket can move downward; after eliminating the risk of overturning the tower crane, the supporting bracket can also be lifted and reset, and the sliding support can be connected again, and new fiberglass bolts can be reinstalled to resume normal use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of a safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a standard section of the tower crane body of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the adjustment and limiting mechanism in the safety device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism in the safety device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the safety device of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of the middle blade.

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the safety device of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0039] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the safety device of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0040] In the figure: 1. Adjustment and limit mechanism; 101. Limit frame; 102. Corner brace; 103. Diagonal brace; 104. Vertical pole; 105. Pulley; 106. Wire rope; 107. Slider; 108. Lifting lug; 109. Winch; 2. Support mechanism; 201. Recovery bin; 202. Sliding support; 203. Blade; 204. Reserved slot; 205. Spring; 206. Top block; 207. Adjustment controller; 208. Limit rod; 2 09. Fiberglass bolts; 210. Tower crane support; 211. Support bracket; 212. Hydraulic components; 213. Safety clamps; 3. Safety devices; 4. Foundation; 5. Hoistway; 6. Tower crane; 7. Tower body; 8. Modular building; 9. First slide rail; 10. Elastic rod; 11. Roller; 12. Standard section; 13. Column; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Connecting bolts; 16. Buffer spring; 17. Reserved cavity; 18. Second slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] Based on the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tower crane and safety device, the main directions in the drawings of the specification are six directions: east, west, south, north, up and down. Based on the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the modular building, the main directions in the drawings of the specification are four directions: left, right, up and down.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a safety device for controlling the overturning of a tower crane in a construction project includes a base 4 and a safety device 3. The safety device 3 includes:

[0046] A standard section 12, on which a first slide rail 9 is fixedly mounted;

[0047] An adjustment and limiting mechanism 1 is provided on the foundation 4. The adjustment and limiting mechanism 1 includes a limiting frame 101 provided around the standard section 12. The limiting frame 101 is provided with a limiting component. The limiting component acts on the first slide rail 9 on the standard section 12.

[0048] A supporting mechanism 2 is arranged in the foundation 4, and the supporting mechanism 2 includes a supporting bracket 211 for supporting the standard section 12. The supporting bracket 211 is provided with a sliding brake assembly around it. The foundation 4 is provided with a reserved cavity 17 below the supporting bracket 211, and the inner periphery of the reserved cavity 17 is provided with a plurality of second slide rails 18 connected to the sliding brake assembly; sliding supports 202 and a recovery bin 201 connected to the sliding supports 202 are provided on both sides of the supporting bracket 211. The recovery bin 201 is pre-buried in the foundation 4, and the sliding support 202 supports the supporting bracket 211 on the reserved cavity 17. The sliding support 202 is connected to the supporting bracket 211 by a plurality of cut-off bolts. The recovery bin 201 and the sliding support 202 are also provided with a cutting assembly that can act on the cut-off bolts.

[0049] By adjusting the settings of the limiting mechanism 1 and the supporting mechanism 2, this safety device can not only well support the standard section of the tower crane, but also dynamically correct the overturning process of the tower crane, thereby improving the safety of the tower crane and reducing the risk of secondary overturning of the tower crane; the safety device uses the adjusting limiting mechanism and the supporting mechanism to directionally control the overturning direction of the tower crane when the tower crane is too tilted and cannot be corrected, thereby avoiding a major impact on the surrounding environment.

[0050] By setting up the supporting mechanism 2, the safety device can increase the upper limit of the operating height of the tower crane when there are important buildings in the surrounding area, and can also make the layout of the tower crane more flexible, thereby improving the applicability of the tower crane; when encountering earthquakes, strong winds and some uncontrollable natural risks, the tower crane can also be lowered by actively controlling the supporting mechanism to lower the center of gravity of the tower crane and reduce the risk of overturning the tower crane.

[0051] A space is reserved in the middle of the limiting frame 101 for placing the standard section 12 , and the limiting components thereon can provide a unidirectional overturning control force for the standard section, that is, the tower body.

[0052] A reserved cavity 17 is reserved below the limit frame 101 of the foundation 4, and a supporting bracket 211 is arranged at the upper opening of the reserved cavity 17. The supporting bracket 211 is connected to the recovery bin 201 embedded in the foundation 4 through the sliding supports 202 on both sides thereof. On the one hand, the supporting bracket 211 is used to support the installation of the standard section 12. On the other hand, the height position of the tower body standard section 12 can be appropriately adjusted through the descending brake assembly provided on the supporting bracket 211. It can also drive the entire tower body to be lowered by releasing the connection with the sliding support 202, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the tower crane and reducing the risk of overturning of the tower body.

[0053] The descending brake assembly cooperates with the second slide rail 18, allowing it to descend vertically, and can also slow down and gradually stop; when the cutting assembly cuts off the cuttable bolts, the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211 will release the rigid connection relationship, and only contact friction between each other will exist. By retracting the sliding support 202, the supporting bracket 211 can move downward; after eliminating the risk of the tower crane overturning, the supporting bracket 211 can also be lifted and reset, and the sliding support 202 can be connected again, and the detachable bolts can be reinstalled to resume normal use.

[0054] Furthermore, the limiting frame 101 includes a three-dimensional frame structure formed by connecting multiple horizontal and vertical beams and multiple supporting columns. Angle braces 102 are provided between the horizontal and vertical beams and the supporting columns. The limiting frame is provided with diagonal braces 103 between the side where the limiting component is provided and the foundation, that is, the diagonal brace 103 is provided on the side where the winch 109 is installed.

[0055] This three-dimensional frame structure made of horizontal and vertical beams and columns is simple and has high strength and stability. The corner braces 102 and diagonal braces 103 can further enhance the support stability of the limiting frame 101. The diagonal braces 103 can also provide support when the winch and wire rope are in operation.

[0056] Further, combined Figure 4 As shown, the limiting assembly includes a vertical pole 104 arranged on the limiting frame 101, and a winch 109 arranged on the foundation 4, a pulley 105 is provided on the vertical pole 104, a steel wire rope 106 of the winch 109 is arranged around the pulley 105 and a slider 107 is connected to the end of the steel wire rope 106, the slider 107 is installed on the first slide rail 9, and the slider 107 moves along the first slide rail 9 and will not unilaterally separate from the first slide rail 9. Through the traction of the winch 109 and the steel wire rope 106, when the tower body is subjected to uneven force or may tilt, the tower body is provided with anti-overturning control force to prevent the tower body from further tilting.

[0057] Furthermore, a plurality of elastic rods 10 are respectively provided on the inner circumference of the limiting frame 101 , and rollers 11 are respectively installed on the ends of the elastic rods 10 . The rollers 11 on the inner circumference of the limiting frame 101 abut against the columns 13 of the standard section 12 .

[0058] In this embodiment, two vertical poles 104 are provided and distributed side by side, and two winches 109, wire ropes 106, sliders 107 and first slide rails 9 are also provided respectively; a lifting lug 108 is fixedly installed on the side of the slider 107 facing away from the first slide rail 9, and the wire rope 106 is connected to the lifting lug 108.

[0059] Specifically, the bottom of the limit frame 101 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the foundation 4, and two vertical poles 104 are fixedly installed on the middle upper part of the top beam on the south side of the limit frame 101; a pulley 105 is provided on the upper part of the vertical pole 104, and a steel wire rope 106 is installed on the upper part of the pulley 105, one end of the steel wire rope 106 is fixed on the lifting lug 108 of the slider 107, and the other end is connected to the winch 109 on the ground; a diagonal brace 103 is provided on the upper part of the winch 109, one end of which is fixedly installed on the top beam on the south side of the limit frame 101, and the other end is fixedly installed on the foundation 4.

[0060] A plurality of elastic rods 10 are arranged around the top beam of the limit frame 101 and the standard section 12. One end of the elastic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the top beam of the limit frame 101, and the other end of the elastic rod 10 is provided with a roller 11, and the roller 11 is closely set on the side of the column 13 of the standard section 12; the diagonal brace 103 can provide a certain supporting force for the limit frame 101 under the condition that the winch 109 is tightened, and on the other hand, it can provide protection for the winch 109 when the tower crane 6 overturns; a strong spring is provided inside the elastic rod 10, and can be adjusted along the rod The longitudinal movement occurs in the direction of the central axis. When the standard section 12 moves to either side, the elastic rod 10 is compressed and deformed and provides a reaction force to reset the standard section 12. The greater the compression deformation of the elastic rod 10, the greater the reaction force provided. Since the limit frame 101 is fixed on the foundation 4, the setting of the elastic rod 10 and the roller 11 can ensure that the standard section 12 always has a force to deform toward the center during normal work and movement; the column 13 of the standard section 12 is generally made of angle steel, and the two sides of the angle steel can provide contact surfaces for the roller 11 respectively.

[0061] The slider 107 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 9 on the standard section 12. The slider 107 can move longitudinally along the first slide rail 9, but will not separate from the first slide rail 9 when subjected to the tension of the winch 109 and the wire rope 106, and can provide a unidirectional overturning control force for the tower body 7; the reaction force provided by the elastic rod 10 can provide a passive overturning control force for the tower body 7, while the tension formed by the winch 109 and the wire rope 106 can provide an active overturning control force for the tower body 7; when the winch 109 provides the same tension, the higher the height of the vertical pole, the higher the overturning control torque provided, and the more obvious the overturning control effect on the tower crane. However, at the same time, the bending moment acting on the vertical pole 104 and the limit frame 101 structure itself will also be greater, and the size of the vertical pole 104 and the limit frame 101 structure will also become larger, and the economy and applicability of the safety device will also be reduced. Therefore, in actual use, it is generally considered that the height of the vertical pole 104 is not greater than the height of two standard sections 12.

[0062] Further, combined Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of tower crane supports 210 are provided above the supporting bracket 211, and the tower crane supports 210 are used to connect and support the standard section 12; a plurality of cantilever ends are provided on each outer peripheral surface of the supporting bracket 211, and the cantilever ends are connected to install the descending brake assembly; the bottom of the supporting bracket 211 is connected to the sliding support 202 by a cuttable bolt, and two parallel sliding supports 202 form a group, and each group of sliding supports 202 corresponds to a recovery bin 201, and the sliding supports 202 are arranged in a vertical direction staggered from the second slide rail 18.

[0063] Specifically, the supporting bracket 211 is mainly formed by four I-beam main beams, and the upper corners of the supporting bracket 211 are fixedly connected to the four tower crane supports 210 by bolts. Eight cantilever ends are welded on the sides of the corners of the supporting bracket 211, and the outer side of each cantilever end is provided with a downhill brake assembly. The lower wing plate of the I-beam main beam at the corner of the supporting bracket 211 can be connected to the sliding support by cuttable bolts, and the upper wing plate is fixedly connected to the tower crane support by bolts. Since the cantilever ends on the left and right sides are located above the sliding support 202, in order to avoid the sliding support affecting the connection and coordination between the downhill brake assembly and the second slide rail 18, the sliding support 202 at each corner is set as a pair. There is a gap between the pair of sliding supports 202, which allows the second slide rail 18 to pass through, so that it is convenient to connect with the safety clamp on the downhill brake assembly.

[0064] A pair of elastic rods 10 are also installed in the area between the pair of cantilever ends on each side, and rollers 11 are respectively provided at the ends of the elastic rods 10. The elastic rods 10 and rollers 11 arranged here are basically the same in structure as the elastic rods arranged in the limit frame, except that the setting positions and size models are different.

[0065] In this embodiment, a plurality of elastic rods 10 are fixedly arranged between the safety clamps 213 on the outside of the main beam of the supporting bracket 211, and rollers 11 are arranged on the outside of the elastic rods 10. The rollers 11 are tightly attached to the side walls of the reserved cavity inside the foundation 4 and the well 5, and can move longitudinally along the central axis of the rod. When the supporting bracket 211 moves to either side, the elastic rods 10 are compressed and deformed while providing a reaction force to reset the supporting bracket 211. The greater the compression deformation of the elastic rods 10, the greater the reaction force provided. The arrangement of the elastic rods 10 and the rollers 11 allows the supporting bracket 211 to always have a force to deform toward the center during movement.

[0066] Furthermore, the downhill brake assembly includes a safety clamp 213 arranged on the outside of the supporting bracket 211, and a hydraulic component 212 that connects and controls the relaxation or clamping of the safety clamp 213. The safety clamp 213 is clamped on the second slide rail 18, and the second slide rail 18 is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the reserved cavity 17. A groove is provided in the middle of the safety clamp 213. When relaxed, the safety clamp 213 can slide along the second slide rail 18 on the side wall of the reserved cavity 17, and when clamped, the supporting bracket 211 can be fixed on the second slide rail 18.

[0067] Furthermore, the foundation 4 is provided with a shaft 5 below the reserved cavity 17, and the second slide rail 18 extends into the shaft 5. The shaft 5 is also provided with a plurality of vertically arranged buffer springs 16, which can provide a buffering and deceleration effect when the tower crane falls and is about to hit the bottom, to prevent hard contact and damage to the tower crane 6.

[0068] Further, combined Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cuttable bolt is a glass fiber bolt 209, and one end of the sliding support 202 can be slidably inserted into the recovery bin 201; the cutting assembly includes a blade 203 arranged on the upper surface of the sliding support 202, the edge of the blade 203 is arranged toward the cuttable bolt, and one end of the blade 203 is provided with a top block 206, which passes upward through the limiting groove on the recovery bin 201, and a spring 205 is provided in the limiting groove to connect and drive the top block 206. The sliding support 202 is also provided with a A reserved slot 204 for the blade 203 to move; an adjustment controller 207 is also provided above the recovery bin 201, and the adjustment controller 207 is connected to a movable limit rod 208. The limit rod 208 acts on the top block 206 so that the spring 205 is in a compressed state under the limiting action of the limit rod 208. When the limit rod 208 is removed, the top block 206 is unlocked and the blade 203 is pushed along the reserved slot 204 under the elastic force of the spring 205 to cut the fiberglass bolt 209.

[0069] 204, so that the blade 203 can slide along the reserved groove 204. A spring 205 and a top block 206 are provided on the upper part of the recovery bin 201. The spring 205 will be in a compressed and tightened state under the limiting action of the limit rod 208. When the controller 207 is adjusted to disengage the limit rod 208 from the top block 206, the top block 206 will pop out the blade 203 under the push of the spring 205, so that the blade 203 slides along the reserved groove 204, thereby cutting the fiberglass bolt 203 between the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211. 09; The fiberglass bolt 209 is a special bolt with high tensile strength and low shear strength. When the bolt is tightened, the fiberglass bolt 209 bears a large tensile force, which can fix the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211 together. When the blade 203 slides along the reserved groove 204 and impacts the fiberglass bolt 209 to shear it, the fiberglass bolt 209 will be cut off relatively easily, thereby releasing the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211, and only frictional contact exists. When the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211 are released, the sliding support 202 can be retracted into the recovery bin 201, for example, by using a push-pull mechanism to pull the sliding support back to the recovery bin; after the sliding support 202 is retracted into the recovery bin 201, the supporting bracket 211 loses its support and will perform free fall along the reserved cavity 17.

[0070] like Figure 3As shown, it is a tower crane standard section 12, with columns 13 arranged around the standard section 12, and the columns 13 are connected into a whole by multiple connecting rods 14. The upper and lower corners of the standard section 12 are provided with connecting parts, which can be connected with other standard sections 12 to form the tower body 7; the south side of the standard section 12 is provided with a first slide rail 9. When multiple standard sections 12 are connected to form the tower body 7, the first slide rail 9 will also be arranged within the range of the entire tower body 7. The first slide rail 9 is arranged between the columns and is connected to the multiple connecting rods 14 by welding steel plates.

[0071] like Figure 9 As shown, at this time, the sliding support 202 has been retracted into the recovery bin 201, and the supporting bracket 211 together with the tower crane 6 performs free fall motion along the reserved cavity 17. During the falling process, if the tower body 7 tilts toward the right, under the action of the adjusting limit device 1, the elastic rod 10 on the right side is compressed and deformed, and will provide a leftward force to the tower body 7, prompting the tower body 7 to return to the straight position; at the same time, since the tower body 7 tilts to the left, the elastic rod 10 on the left side of the supporting mechanism 2 will also be compressed and deformed and provide a rightward force at the lower part of the tower body 7; under the action of the upper and lower elastic rods 10, the tower body 7 as a whole will also be subjected to a counterclockwise anti-overturning moment, and the anti-overturning moment will gradually increase as the falling height of the tower body 7 increases and the spacing between the elastic rods 10 increases, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the tilting state of the tower crane 6 during the falling process.

[0072] In actual application, when the inclination of the tower crane exceeds 0.3% of the control value and is about to overturn, the safety device 3 can be triggered. At this time, the adjustment controller 207 automatically operates the limit rod 208 to disengage from the top block 206, so that the blade 203 cuts the fiberglass bolt 209 between the sliding support 202 and the supporting bracket 211. Then the sliding support 202 is retracted to the recovery bin 201, and the tower crane 6 begins to fall freely, and finally triggers the dynamic adjustment of the inclination state of the tower crane 6 during the falling process, thereby controlling the overturning of the tower crane and preventing the inclination of the tower crane from further increasing and eventually collapsing. When the inclination of the tower crane 6 is adjusted back to the positive position, the safety clamp 213 in the supporting mechanism 2 can be triggered to gradually clamp the second slide rail 18, thereby achieving deceleration and buffering of the tower crane 6 until the fall stops. After the safety inspection of the tower crane 6, the tower crane 6 can be lifted and reset by a nearby crane or other jacking device. When the sliding support 202 is extended and the fiberglass bolt 209 is installed, it can be used normally again.

[0073] A buffer spring 16 is also provided at the lower part of the shaft 5, which can provide a buffering and deceleration effect for the tower crane 6 when it falls and is about to hit the bottom, to prevent hard contact from occurring, which may cause damage to the tower crane 6. In addition, the setting of the shaft 5 can make the tower body 7 of the tower crane 6 partially enter the reserved cavity 17, thereby reducing the overall height of the tower crane. At this time, even if the tower crane cannot avoid overturning, its impact range will be greatly reduced. For some projects with important buildings around, the applicability of the tower crane can be greatly improved. For example, there is a railway viaduct within 50m around the building. At this time, we set up an 80m high tower crane, and the depth of the lower reserved cavity 17 is 40m. When the tower crane 6 becomes unstable and is about to overturn, the safety device 3 will be triggered to make the tower body of the tower crane 6 fall into the reserved cavity 17. At this time, the height of the upper tower body is only 40m. Even if the tower crane 6 collapses, its maximum impact range is only 40m, which will not affect the railway viaduct.

[0074] In this case, the west side is the construction site of the modular building 8, the north side has important buildings such as schools, and the east side has a major traffic artery. Therefore, when the overturning of the tower crane is inevitable, it can overturn toward the south, that is, when the elastic rod 10 still cannot effectively correct the deviation and reduce the inclination of the tower body 7 during the falling process, the winch 109 will be started at this time, and a large horizontal component force will be provided to the tower crane 6 through the wire rope 106, so that the tower crane 6 will gradually overturn toward the south during the falling process; during the falling process of the tower crane 6, the slider 107 may slide with the first slide rail 9, but under the action of the tension of the winch 109 and the wire rope 106, it will not separate from the first slide rail 9, that is, a large horizontal component force will continue to exist during the falling process of the tower crane 6, causing the tower crane to overturn toward the south.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] This embodiment provides a construction method for a safety device for controlling the overturning of a tower crane in a construction project. In this embodiment, the west side is the construction site of the modular building 8, the north side has important buildings such as a school, and the east side has a major traffic artery. Based on the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tower safety device 3, the main directions in the figure are east, west, south, north, up, and down, a total of six directions. Based on the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the modular building, the main directions in the figure are left, right, up, and down, a total of four directions.

[0077] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the construction method includes the following steps:

[0078] S1: The site is leveled and the position of the shaft 5 below the foundation is positioned and staked out;

[0079] S2: Complete the construction of the shaft 5, install the buffer spring 16 and the second slide rail 18 in the shaft 5, and reserve steel bars on the top of the shaft to connect with the foundation;

[0080] S3: Use the slope method to complete the excavation of the foundation pit of foundation 4, install the foundation steel cage, and reserve space for the installation of the supporting mechanism 2;

[0081] S4: Cast the foundation as a whole. After the concrete reaches the required strength, install the recovery bin 201, sliding support 202, support bracket 211, hydraulic components, elastic rod 10, second slide rail 18, and safety clamp 213 on the supporting mechanism 2 in sequence.

[0082] S5: Weld the tower crane support to the lower part of the lowest standard section, and lift the standard section to the top of the supporting bracket 211 and fix it with detachable bolts;

[0083] S6: After the first standard section 12 is installed, the entire supporting mechanism 2 is debugged, and the working conditions of the hydraulic components and the recovery bin 201 are checked to ensure that all devices are in normal working condition;

[0084] S7: Complete the installation of the adjustment limit mechanism 1 on the foundation 4 and adjust the state of each elastic rod 10 so that the roller 11 at the end of the elastic rod 10 is in close contact with the side wall of the column 13 of the standard section to provide pre-support force;

[0085] S8: Place the second standard section 12 on the first standard section 12, and install the slider on the limit assembly on the first slide rail 9 to complete the installation of the entire safety device;

[0086] S9: Complete the installation of the remaining parts of the tower crane in sequence.

[0087] In step S4, when the first standard section is installed above the supporting mechanism 2, the hydraulic component 212 should be adjusted so that the safety clamp 213 clamps the second slide rail 18. In this way, when multiple components of the upper tower crane are installed, the impact force generated will not act entirely on the sliding support 202, thereby reducing the adverse effects on the supporting mechanism 2.

[0088] In step S2, the shaft can be constructed by caisson, support pile support, inverted shaft wall or vertical shield method, etc., and the specific method can be considered by the construction personnel according to the actual situation on site.

[0089] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety device for controlling the overturning of a tower crane in a construction project, comprising a safety device and a foundation, characterized in that: The safety device comprises: A standard section, on which a first slide rail is fixedly mounted; An adjustment and limiting mechanism is provided on the foundation, the adjustment and limiting mechanism comprises a limiting frame provided around the standard section, the limiting frame is provided with a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly acts on a first slide rail on the standard section; A supporting mechanism is arranged in the foundation, and the supporting mechanism includes a supporting bracket for supporting the standard section, the supporting bracket is constructed on the foundation, and a sliding brake assembly is provided around the supporting bracket, and a reserved cavity is provided under the foundation, and the reserved cavity is located under the supporting bracket, and the inner periphery of the reserved cavity is provided with a plurality of second slide rails connected to the sliding brake assembly; sliding supports are provided on both sides of the supporting bracket, and the sliding supports are connected to a recovery bin, and the recovery bin is pre-buried in the foundation, and the sliding supports support the supporting bracket on the reserved cavity, and the sliding supports are connected to the supporting bracket by a plurality of cut-off bolts, and the recovery bin and the sliding supports are also provided with a cutting assembly that can act on the cut-off bolts.

2. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting frame includes a three-dimensional frame structure formed by connecting multiple transverse and longitudinal beams and multiple supporting columns. Angle braces are provided between the transverse and longitudinal beams and the supporting columns. The limiting frame is provided with a diagonal brace between the side where the limiting component is provided and the foundation.

3. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a vertical pole arranged on the limiting frame and a winch arranged on the foundation, a pulley is provided on the vertical pole, a steel wire rope of the winch is arranged around the pulley and a slider is connected to the end of the steel wire rope, and the slider is installed on the first slide rail.

4. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are two vertical poles arranged side by side, and the winch, the steel wire rope, the slider and the first slide rail are also a pair; the opposite side of the first slide rail connected to the slider is provided with a lifting lug, and the steel wire rope is connected to the lifting lug.

5. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of tower crane supports are provided above the supporting bracket, and the tower crane supports are used to connect and support standard sections; a plurality of cantilever ends are provided on each outer peripheral surface of the supporting bracket, and the cantilever ends are connected and installed with the descending brake assembly; the bottom of the supporting bracket is connected to the sliding support by the cuttable bolts, and two parallel sliding supports form a group, and each group of the sliding supports corresponds to one of the recovery bins, and the sliding supports are vertically staggered from the second slide rail arrangement.

6. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The downhill brake assembly includes a safety clamp arranged on the outside of the supporting bracket and a hydraulic component connected to and controlling the relaxation or clamping of the safety clamp. The safety clamp is clamped on the second slide rail, and the second slide rail is vertically arranged along the inner wall of the reserved cavity.

7. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation is further provided with a shaft below the reserved cavity, the second slide rail extends into the shaft, and a plurality of vertically arranged buffer springs are further provided in the shaft.

8. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cuttable bolt is a fiberglass bolt, and one end of the sliding support can be slidably inserted into the recovery bin; the cutting assembly includes a blade arranged on the upper surface of the sliding support, the edge of the blade is arranged toward the cuttable bolt, and the end of the blade is provided with a top block, which passes upward through the limiting groove on the recovery bin, and a spring is provided in the limiting groove to connect and drive the top block, and the sliding support is also provided with a reserved groove for the movement of the blade; an adjustment controller is also provided above the recovery bin, and the adjustment controller is connected to a movable limiting rod, which acts on the top block so that the spring will be in a compressed state under the limiting action of the limiting rod.

9. The safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner periphery of the limiting frame and the outer periphery of the supporting bracket are respectively provided with a plurality of elastic rods, and the ends of the elastic rods are respectively provided with rollers. The rollers on the inner periphery of the limiting frame abut against the standard section, and the rollers on the outer periphery of the supporting bracket abut against the inner wall of the reserved cavity and the inner wall of the well below the reserved cavity.

10. The construction method of the safety device for controlling overturning of a tower crane in a construction project according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The construction method comprises the following steps: The site is leveled and the position of the well under the foundation is positioned and staked out; The construction of the shaft is completed, and a buffer spring and a second slide rail are installed in the shaft. At the same time, steel bars are reserved on the shaft to connect with the foundation; Using the slope method, the foundation pit is excavated, and the reinforcement cage of the foundation is installed, while reserving space for the installation of the supporting mechanism; The foundation is poured as a whole, and after the concrete reaches a certain strength, the recovery bin, sliding support, supporting bracket, hydraulic component, elastic rod, second slide rail and safety clamp on the supporting mechanism are installed in sequence; Welding the tower crane support to the lower part of the lowest standard section, and hoisting the standard section to the top of the supporting bracket, and fixing it with bolts; After the first standard section is installed, the entire supporting mechanism is debugged and the working conditions of the hydraulic components and the recovery bin are checked; The adjustment and limiting mechanism is installed on the foundation, and the state of each elastic rod is adjusted so that the roller at the end of the elastic rod is in close contact with the side wall of the column of the standard section to provide pre-support force; Place the second standard section on the first standard section, and install the slider on the limit assembly on the first slide rail; complete the installation of the remaining components of the tower crane in sequence.

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