Preparation process of emulsion explosive for underground mine

Abstract

The invention relates to an underground mining emulsion explosive preparation process, which comprises: 1, water phase preparation: crushing ammonium nitrate, adding the crushed ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water into a water phase tank according to a certain ratio, heating to a temperature of 85 + / -2 DEG C, and carrying out constant temperature stirring to form a water phase solution; step 2, preparing an oil phase, namely melting the composite oil phase material, mixing and stirring with an emulsifier to form an oil phase solution, mixing and stirring ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and the composite oil phase according to a specific proportion, carrying out primary emulsion by a coarse emulsion device, pumping into a fine emulsion device for secondary fine emulsion, adding a foaming agent for sensitization reaction, and preparing the oil phase; according to the method provided by the invention, the produced explosive has certain free-running property and certain cohesiveness, the process is simple, the production cost is reduced, the explosive can be conveniently pumped into an inclined or vertical blast hole above through a charging device, the emulsion explosive is stably filled by utilizing the free-running property and cohesiveness of the emulsion explosive, and the blasting effect and the stability of detonation performance are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of emulsion explosive preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation process of emulsion explosive for underground mining. Background Art

[0002] Emulsion explosives are a new type of industrial explosive developed in the 1970s. They are formed by evenly dispersing droplets of aqueous oxidizer salt solutions in an oil-phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed bubbles or hollow glass microspheres with the help of emulsifiers.

[0003] The traditional production of emulsion explosives has the disadvantages of low intermittent process efficiency, low explosive fluidity and adhesion, and is not convenient for loading into vertical or inclined blast holes through a loader by pumping. As a result, the optimal blasting effect cannot be achieved when loading explosives for blasting, affecting the stability of detonation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing underground mining emulsion explosives with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A process for preparing emulsion explosives for underground mining comprises the following steps: Step 1, aqueous phase preparation: crush the ammonium nitrate, add it into the aqueous phase tank according to the ratio of sodium nitrate and water, heat it to 85±2℃ and stir it to form an aqueous phase solution; Step 2, oil phase preparation: melt the composite oil phase material and mix and stir with the emulsifier to form an oil phase solution; Step 3, continuous emulsification: the programmable controller controls the water phase and oil phase solutions to enter the colostrum in the crude emulsifier according to the preset ratio; Step 4: Pumping the aqueous phase and oil phase solution after the colostrum to the finishing emulsifier via an electric cylinder pump for secondary emulsification to form a latex matrix; Step 5, sensitization reaction: dynamically mixing the foaming agent with the latex matrix at a ratio of 0.02-0.06% to form a sensitized emulsion explosive; Step 6, automatic barrel filling: The plastic barrel is quantitatively filled with medicine controlled by a weighing sensor, and then transported to the transit warehouse after sealing.

[0006] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water in the aqueous phase preparation is 70%-80%:2%-6%:10%-15%, and a screw conveyor and a steam heating system are used for linkage control.

[0007] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the air pressure of the steam heating system is less than or equal to 0.4 MPa, and the steam temperature when adding ammonium nitrate is 85°C.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the volume of the coarse emulsifier in the continuous emulsification step is 120L, the fine emulsifier adopts a static mixer, and the density of the emulsified matrix is ​​controlled to be 1.40±0.05g / cm³.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the sensitization step adopts the technology of synchronous addition of foaming agent, and realizes dynamic matching of latex matrix flow rate and foaming agent flow rate through a microcomputer measurement and control system.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the foaming agent includes foaming agent A and foaming agent B, and the mass ratio of each component in the foaming agent is as follows: sodium nitrite: 15%-30%; foaming agent A: 15%-30%; foaming agent B: 10%-30%; water: 45%-55%.

[0011] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the automatic barreling step is integrated with a weighing feedback system, equipped with an anti-static plastic barrel, plastic film bags laid in the barrel, and an automatic capping device, and the finished product transportation adopts a closed logistics system.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by mixing and stirring ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and a composite oil phase in a specific proportion, the mixture is pumped to a fine emulsifier for secondary fine emulsification after being produced in a coarse emulsifier, and then a foaming agent is added for a sensitization reaction, so that the produced explosive has certain fluidity and certain adhesion. The process is simple, which not only reduces the production cost, but also facilitates pumping to an upper inclined or vertical blast hole through a charge loader, and utilizes the fluidity and adhesion of the emulsion explosive to stably load the emulsion explosive, thereby greatly improving the blasting effect and the stability of the detonation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content. Example

[0015] The details of raw materials and packaging materials for underground mining emulsion explosives are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0016] The composition ratio of emulsion explosives for underground mining is shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0017] 1. If Figure 1 As shown: 1. Aqueous phase (based on 5 tons) (90-95℃): Water (15%): 750kg, Ammonium nitrate (80%): 4000kg, Sodium nitrate (5%): 250kg, Acetic acid (0.17%): 8.5kg; or 30% nitric acid (0.2%): 10kg; Anhydrous sodium carbonate (0.01%) before production: 0.5kg Note: Ammonium nitrate needs to be adjusted according to the crystal absorption point); Anhydrous sodium carbonate is adjusted according to pH; 2. Add water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, heat and stir; 3. Stir for 15 minutes and make sure that the melting is complete. Then measure the crystallization point and control the crystallization point at 72-74°C. 4. Add acetic acid (or 30% nitric acid); 5. After stirring for 3 minutes, measure the pH value with precision test paper (2.7-4.7) or pH meter, and gradually add anhydrous sodium carbonate according to the pH situation (if the pH is already within the specified range, there is no need to add anhydrous sodium carbonate), and finally control the pH value at 3.2-3.6 (@35+ / -5℃); 2. Composite oil phase (65-70℃): directly heat and stir to process temperature before use (during commissioning, a dedicated downhole oil phase is required); Oil phase technical indicators: 1. Kinematic viscosity at 40℃: 26-33mm2 / S (GB / T265); 2. Total base number: 2-5mgkOH / g, SH / T0251; 3. Density @ 20℃: 0.84-0.90kg / L (GB / T1884); 3. Water phase: oil phase = 93.6:6.4, (water phase flow rate 11.3L / min / t, oil phase flow rate 1.08kg / min / t); 3. Continuous emulsification: the water phase and oil phase solution are introduced into the coarse emulsifier according to the proportion of colostrum and then emulsified twice in the fine emulsifier to obtain the latex matrix; 4. Sensitization reaction: 1. Preparation of sensitizer: water: sodium nitrite = (8-20): 1 (adjust according to the density of the explosive after sensitization); 2. Dynamically mix the foaming agent with the latex matrix at a ratio of 0.02-0.06% to form a sensitized emulsion explosive; 5. Automatic barrel filling: The plastic barrel is quantitatively filled with medicine (24kg / barrel) through the weighing sensor, and then transported to the transit warehouse after sealing; 6. Safe transportation: Use explosion-proof soil partition transfer system to transport finished products.

[0018] in: The quality indicators of ammonium nitrate are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3

[0019] Sodium nitrite requirements are shown in Table 4 below: Table 4

[0020] During the test, samples of products at different stages were stored, and product performance tests were carried out after one month and three months of storage to monitor product stability. The test results showed that the pharmaceutical process parameters of the emulsion explosives of this project had not changed. After review, the high-temperature sensitization continuous production and preparation process technology of emulsion explosives, which has passed the industry's scientific and technological achievement appraisal, passed the scientific and technological achievement appraisal organized by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology within the range of the appraised process technology parameters, and complied with the requirements of the "Safety Management Regulations for Civil Explosives Production and Sales Enterprises" (GB28263-2024) and the "Science and Technology Management Measures for Civil Explosives" (Gongxin An'an Letter

[2012] No. 137). It realizes the automated and continuous production of finished emulsion explosives in plastic film + carton packaging and plastic barrels, improves the inherent safety level of the production line, and the emulsion explosives produced have strong adhesion while having a certain degree of fluidity, which is convenient for meeting the development requirements of the civil explosives industry.

[0021] Finished product inspection items are shown in Table 5 below: Table 5

[0022] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, aqueous phase preparation: crush the ammonium nitrate and add it to the aqueous phase tank according to the ratio of sodium nitrate and water, heat it to 85±2℃ and stir it to form an aqueous phase solution; Step 2, oil phase preparation: melt the composite oil phase material and mix and stir with the emulsifier to form an oil phase solution; Step 3, continuous emulsification: the programmable controller controls the water phase and oil phase solutions to enter the colostrum in the crude emulsifier according to the preset ratio; Step 4: Pumping the aqueous phase and oil phase solution after the colostrum to the finishing emulsifier via an electric cylinder pump for secondary emulsification to form a latex matrix; Step 5, sensitization reaction: dynamically mixing the foaming agent with the latex matrix at a ratio of 0.02-0.06% to form a sensitized emulsion explosive; Step 6, automatic barrel filling: The plastic barrel is quantitatively filled with medicine controlled by a weighing sensor, and then transported to the transit warehouse after sealing.

2. The process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water in the aqueous phase preparation is 70%-80%:2%-6%:10%-15%, and a screw conveyor and a steam heating system are used for linkage control.

3. The process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air pressure of the steam heating system is less than or equal to 0.4 MPa, and the steam temperature when adding ammonium nitrate is 85°C.

4. The process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the continuous emulsification step, the volume of the coarse emulsifier is 120 L, the fine emulsifier adopts a static mixer, and the density of the emulsified matrix is ​​controlled to be 1.40±0.05 g / cm³.

5. The process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensitization step adopts the foaming agent synchronous addition technology, and realizes the dynamic matching of the latex matrix flow rate and the foaming agent flow rate through the microcomputer measurement and control system.

6. A process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The foaming agent includes foaming agent A and foaming agent B, and the mass ratio of each component in the foaming agent is as follows: sodium nitrite: 15%-30%; foaming agent A: 15%-30%; foaming agent B: 10%-30%; water: 45%-55%.

7. The process for preparing emulsion explosive for underground mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic barreling step integrates a weighing feedback system, is equipped with anti-static plastic barrels, plastic film bags are laid inside the barrels, and an automatic capping device is installed. The finished product transportation adopts a closed logistics system.

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