Thermal management system, energy storage device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system, an energy storage device and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of thermal management, and aims to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption and poor economy of the thermal management system. The thermal management system comprises a gas separation device and the energy storage device; the gas separation device is configured to be connected with a gas source, gas entering the gas separation device is separated into cold energy and heat energy, and the gas separation device is provided with a cold energy outlet and a heat energy outlet; the gas separation device is provided with a first refrigerating passage and a first heating passage which can be opened and closed, the first refrigerating passage communicates with the cold quantity outlet and the to-be-heat-exchanged part, and the first heating passage is used for communicating with the heat outlet and the to-be-heat-exchanged part; when one of the first refrigerating channel and the first heating channel is opened, the energy storage device communicates with the other one of the first refrigerating channel and the first heating channel, and the energy storage device is configured to collect and store cold or heat in the channel communicating with the energy storage device. The energy consumption of the thermal management system can be reduced, and the economical efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal management system, an energy storage device, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy and technological advancements, battery energy storage technology, represented by new energy sources, has experienced rapid development. However, due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity during transportation, storage, and use, battery energy storage can experience performance degradation and even safety accidents, shortening its lifespan and reducing its safety and reliability.

[0003] In related technologies, batteries are usually equipped with a thermal management system during transportation, storage and use to perform operations such as heating and cooling on the batteries, so as to perform thermal control on the batteries during transportation, storage and use, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of battery performance.

[0004] Then, in the related art, the thermal management system wastes cooling or heat when using vortex tubes to form cold and hot air flows for cooling or heating, resulting in technical problems of high energy consumption and poor economy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal management system, an energy storage device and a vehicle, which are used to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, poor economy, and waste of cold or heat in cooling or heating of the thermal management system, thereby reducing energy consumption, improving economy, and recovering the heat generated during cooling and the cold during heating, thereby avoiding waste of cold and heat.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management system, comprising: a gas separation device and an energy storage device; the gas separation device is configured to be connected to a gas source and separate gas entering the gas separation device into cold and heat, the gas separation device having a cold outlet for cold flow out and a heat outlet for heat flow out;

[0008] The gas separation device further comprises a first cooling passage and a first heating passage that can be opened and closed, wherein the first cooling passage is used to connect the cooling outlet with the heat exchanger, and the first heating passage is used to connect the heat outlet with the heat exchanger;

[0009] When one of the first cooling path and the first heating path is opened, the energy storage device is in communication with the other of the first cooling path and the first heating path, and the energy storage device is configured to collect and store cold energy or heat in the path in communication therewith.

[0010] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes a cold storage device and a heat storage device;

[0011] The cold storage device is selectively connectable to the first refrigeration path, and the cold storage device is configured to collect and store cold energy in the first refrigeration path;

[0012] The heat storage device is selectively connectable to the first heating passage, and the heat storage device is configured to collect and store heat in the first heating passage.

[0013] In some embodiments, the gas separation device has a second refrigeration passage and a second heating passage that can be opened and closed; the second refrigeration passage is used to connect the cold storage device with the part to be heat exchanged, so that the cold in the cold storage device can cool and / or dehumidify the part to be heat exchanged through the second refrigeration passage; the second heating passage is used to connect the second heating passage with the part to be heat exchanged, so that the heat in the heat storage device can heat and / or dehumidify the part to be heat exchanged through the second heating passage.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second cooling passage and the second heating passage are selectively connected to the air source respectively.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a first air compressor, an air inlet end of the first air compressor is configured to communicate with an air source, the gas separation device has an air inlet passage, and an air outlet end of the first air compressor is communicated with the air inlet passage.

[0016] In some embodiments, the air outlet of the heat-exchanged component is connected to the air inlet of the first air compressor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a filter, which is disposed between the air source and the first air compressor to filter the gas from the air source entering the first air compressor.

[0018] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes an air storage device, which is disposed on the air intake passage and is used to store compressed gas output by the first air compressor.

[0019] In some embodiments, the gas storage device and the energy storage device are selectively connectable; and / or,

[0020] The gas storage device and the gas separation device are selectively connectable.

[0021] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a dryer disposed on the intake passage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the gas separation device further comprises a dehumidification passage, wherein the dehumidification passage is used to connect the dryer and the element to be heat-exchanged.

[0023] In some embodiments, the gas separation device is a vortex tube.

[0024] In some embodiments, the thermal management system further includes a driving mechanism connected to the first air compressor, and the driving mechanism is configured to drive the first air compressor to operate.

[0025] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising a heat-exchange component and the thermal management system described in the first aspect, wherein the thermal management system is configured to provide cooling or heating to the heat-exchange component.

[0026] In some embodiments, the heat-exchange component includes an energy storage compartment and an energy storage component located in the energy storage compartment, and the gas separation device in the thermal management system is configured to supply cold or heat to the energy storage compartment.

[0027] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a gas heat exchanger and a fan, both of which are located in the energy storage compartment, and the gas heat exchanger is located between the energy storage component and the fan, and the gas heat exchanger is configured to be selectively connected to a cold source and a heat source. When the fan is running, the fan is configured to blow air toward the gas heat exchanger.

[0028] In some embodiments, the gas heat exchanger is in communication with a gas outlet of the gas separation device or the energy storage device to provide cooling or heating to the gas heat exchanger.

[0029] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a liquid cooling plate, wherein the liquid cooling plate is located in the energy storage compartment; the gas-liquid heat exchanger has a gas heat exchange channel and a liquid heat exchange channel arranged adjacent to each other, the gas heat exchange channel is configured to be selectively connected to a cold source and a heat source, the liquid heat exchange channel is configured to allow liquid to circulate, the liquid outlet end of the liquid heat exchange channel is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid cooling plate, the liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the liquid return end of the liquid heat exchange channel, and the liquid cooling plate is arranged around at least part of the outer periphery of the energy storage component.

[0030] In some embodiments, the gas heat exchange channel is configured to communicate with a gas outlet end of the gas separation device or the energy storage device to provide cooling or heating to the gas heat exchange channel.

[0031] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: the thermal management system provided in the first aspect, or the energy storage device provided in the second aspect.

[0032] In some embodiments, the vehicle further includes a second air compressor and a brake system, wherein the second air compressor is selectively communicable with the brake system and the thermal management system, respectively.

[0033] In the thermal management system, energy storage device and vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application, a gas separation device and an energy storage device are provided. The gas separation device can separate the gas into cold and heat, and use one of the cold and heat to cool or heat a battery, for example, to meet the requirements of the battery for a humid and temperature environment during transportation, storage or operation, without consuming too much electricity, saving energy and being environmentally friendly, reducing energy consumption and improving economy. In addition, since the gas separation device separates cold and heat at the same time, when the cold is used to cool or dehumidify the heat exchange element, the heat separated by the gas separation device can be collected by the energy storage device; and when the heat is used to heat or dehumidify the heat exchange element, the cold separated by the gas separation device can be collected by the energy storage device, that is, the energy storage device can collect and store the other of the cold and heat separated by the gas separation device to avoid energy waste.

[0034] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present application described above, the technical features that constitute the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical problems that can be solved by the thermal management system, energy storage device and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2A schematic diagram of another state of the thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a gas separation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of the thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another structure of the thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of a structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 A partial schematic diagram of another structure of the energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 A partial schematic diagram of another structure of the energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 100-thermal management system;

[0046] 110-gas separation device; 111-cold outlet; 112-heat outlet;

[0047] 120 - cold storage device; 130 - heat storage device; 140 - first air compressor;

[0048] 150-filter; 160-gas storage device; 170-dryer; 180-driving mechanism;

[0049] M-first cooling path; N-first heating path; O-second cooling path; P-second heating path;

[0050] Q-dehumidification passage;

[0051] 10 - first three-way valve; 11 - second three-way valve; 12 - third three-way valve; 13 - fourth three-way valve; 14 - fifth three-way valve; 15 - sixth three-way valve; 16 - seventh three-way valve; 17 - eighth three-way valve; 18 - ninth three-way valve;

[0052] 200- parts to be heat exchanged;

[0053] 210-Energy storage cabin; 220-Energy storage component; 230-Blower; 240-Gas heat exchanger;

[0054] 250-gas-liquid heat exchanger; 251-gas heat exchange channel; 252-liquid heat exchange channel; 260-liquid cooling plate;

[0055] 270-circulation pump;

[0056] 300-Braking system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0058] With the increasing global demand for clean energy and technological advancements, battery energy storage technology, represented by new energy sources, has experienced rapid development. For example, lithium-ion batteries, with their high energy density and long cycle life, are widely used in various electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.

[0059] However, the safety of lithium-ion batteries has always been a focus of attention, and important factors affecting their safety performance are battery humidity and temperature. For example, high temperature can cause the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) of lithium-ion batteries to decompose and cause thermal runaway, while low temperature may cause lithium dendrites to form in lithium-ion batteries, resulting in internal short circuits. Condensation caused by high humidity can reduce the insulation strength of electrical equipment and corrode metal components, posing a safety hazard to the system. For example, condensation can cause changes in the electrolyte composition inside the battery, affecting the battery's electrochemical reactions, which may lead to a decrease in battery capacity, an increase in internal resistance, and even affect charge and discharge efficiency. In addition, the presence of moisture can cause internal or external short circuits in the battery. Since water is conductive, condensation can also form a conductive path between the battery electrodes, leading to short circuits and potential thermal runaway. Moisture can also accelerate the corrosion of metal components within the battery, especially the electrodes and current collectors, resulting in reduced battery performance and structural damage. Moisture reacts with the electrolyte, affecting the battery's ionic conductivity and overall performance. Alternatively, moisture reacts with battery materials and may generate gas, increasing internal battery pressure and even causing an explosion.

[0060] In some embodiments, natural ventilation is often used to regulate battery temperature and humidity before transporting the battery to its destination and before assembly and commissioning. This, coupled with the fact that the temperature and humidity are dependent on the ambient temperature and humidity, results in poor control over the battery's humidity and temperature, significantly impacting battery performance. Battery temperature control during operation typically utilizes a vapor compression cycle, using hydrocarbon refrigerants containing chlorine and fluorine as the working medium, which can damage the ozone layer and exacerbate the greenhouse effect. Furthermore, when the system is unable to operate at -7°C, using electric auxiliary heating increases system costs and reduces economic efficiency.

[0061] Based on the above questions, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management system 100, including a gas separation device 110, wherein the gas separation device 110 is, for example, a vortex tube, and the gas inlet end of the gas separation device 110 is connected to the gas source to separate the gas entering the gas separation device 110 into cold and heat. The gas separation device 110 has a cold outlet 111 for cold flow out and a heat outlet 112 for heat flow out. The gas separation device 110 also has a first refrigeration passage M that can be opened and closed (such as Figure 1 The first cooling passage M is used to connect the cooling outlet 111 and the heat exchange member 200; the gas separation device 110 also has a first heating passage N that can be opened and closed (such as Figure 1 The first heating passage N is used to connect the heat outlet 112 and the heat-exchanged component 200.

[0062] The gas in the gas separation device 110 includes but is not limited to air, carbon dioxide, or other gases that are not combustible or explosive within a safe range.

[0063] Exemplarily, the heat-exchanged component 200 includes but is not limited to a battery, etc., which needs to be cooled, dehumidified or heated, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat-exchanged component 200 is introduced as a lithium-ion battery as an example.

[0064] The gas source refers to a device that can provide compressed gas to the gas separation device 110 . For example, the gas source may be the compressed gas output by the first air compressor 140 .

[0065] In the examples of this application, please refer to Figure 3As shown, the gas separation device 110 is described as a vortex tube. The vortex tube consists of a nozzle, a vortex chamber, a separation orifice plate, and two tubes at both ends. During operation, compressed gas enters through the air inlet, expands within the nozzle, and then enters the vortex chamber of the vortex tube at a high speed along a tangential direction. As the airflow rotates at high speed within the vortex chamber, it undergoes vortex transformation and is separated by the separation orifice plate into two airflows with unequal total temperatures. The airflow in the center has a lower temperature, while the airflow in the outer layer has a higher temperature. Thus, the generated cold energy is discharged through the cold energy outlet 111 at the cold end, and the generated heat is discharged through the heat outlet 112 at the hot end.

[0066] It should be noted that the vortex tube can adjust the gas flow rate and the temperature of the cooling end by adjusting the valve at the hot end, thereby adjusting the ratio of cold and hot flows to obtain a better cooling effect or heating effect.

[0067] When the battery needs to be cooled during transportation, storage or operation, e.g. Figure 1 In the embodiment, when the ambient temperature is greater than 30°C, the first refrigeration path is opened, so that when the gas separation device 110 is in operation, the separated cold energy can be used to cool or dehumidify the battery through the first refrigeration path; when the battery needs to be heated during transportation, storage or operation, the first heating path N is opened, so that when the gas separation device 110 is in operation, the separated heat can be used to heat or dehumidify the battery through the first heating path N, so that the battery is always in a suitable humidity and temperature environment, so as to improve the service life, performance, safety and reliability of the battery, and the separation of cold energy and heat by the gas separation device 110 does not require excessive consumption of electricity, etc., which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, thereby reducing energy consumption, improving economy and reducing costs.

[0068] Since the vortex tube can separate cold and heat at the same time, if the cold is used to cool the battery, there will be heat loss; if the heat is used to heat the battery, there will be a problem of cold loss. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system 100 also includes an energy storage device. When one of the first cooling path M and the first heating path N is opened, the energy storage device is connected to the other of the first cooling path M and the first heating path N. The energy storage device is configured to collect and store cold or heat in the path connected thereto; for example, when the first cooling path M is opened, the energy storage device is connected to the first heating path N to collect and stores heat in the first heating passage N; when the first heating passage N is opened, the energy storage device is connected to the first refrigeration passage M to collect and store the cold in the first refrigeration passage M, thereby avoiding the waste of cold or heat separated by the vortex tube, and storing it in cold or heat. When the storage capacity of cold or heat meets the needs of separate heat exchange, the cold in the energy storage device can be used to cool the battery, or the heat in the energy storage device can be used to heat the battery without starting the vortex tube. In this way, the power consumption caused by the operation of the vortex tube can be reduced, so that the energy separated by the vortex tube can be fully utilized, thereby reducing costs.

[0069] It should be noted that, whether it is cooling or heating, as long as the gas flows, it can take away at least part of the moisture, thereby achieving the purpose of dehumidification.

[0070] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application uses a vortex tube to separate the cold and heat to achieve the purpose of cooling, heating or dehumidifying the battery. Compared with the traditional steam compression cooling and heating, it reduces the condenser, evaporator, electric auxiliary heater and condensing fan 230, etc., and reduces the cost of the thermal management system 100. At the same time, the refrigerant does not contain elements such as chlorine and fluorine, and is friendly to the ecological environment.

[0071] Of course, if only the heat exchange component 200 is to be dehumidified, a separate dehumidification passage can be set up in the thermal management system 100. The dehumidification passage may not pass through the gas separation device 110. One end of the dehumidification passage is connected to the dry gas, and the other end is blown toward the heat exchange component 200, so that the moisture in the heat exchange component 200 can be taken away, thereby achieving the purpose of dehumidification.

[0072] In some embodiments, the gas separation device 110 further has a dehumidification passage, which is used to connect the dryer 170 and the heat-exchanged component 200 , and the dry gas flows to the heat-exchanged component 200 through the gas separation device 110 .

[0073] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the energy storage device can be selectively connected to the energy storage compartment where the battery is located. In this way, when energy is stored in the energy storage device, the battery can be cooled or heated, so that the battery is placed in a suitable humidity and temperature environment to improve the battery's service life, performance, safety and reliability, and reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system, improve economy, reduce costs, and avoid waste of cooling and heat.

[0074] The energy storage device includes a cold storage device 120 and a heat storage device 130. The cold storage device 120 can be selectively connected to the first refrigeration passage M, and the cold storage device 120 is configured to collect and store the cold in the first refrigeration passage M; the heat storage device 130 can be selectively connected to the first heating passage N, and the heat storage device 130 is configured to collect and store the heat in the first heating passage N. In this way, the cold separated by the vortex tube is collected by the cold storage device 120, and the heat separated by the vortex tube is collected by the heat storage device 130 to reduce energy waste.

[0075] The cold storage device 120 includes but is not limited to a cold storage tank; the heat storage device 130 includes but is not limited to a heat storage tank. As long as it can collect and store cold or heat, there is no limitation here.

[0076] It should be noted that the cold storage device 120 actually absorbs cold energy in the cold capacity, and after the cold energy in the air is absorbed, the air is discharged; similarly, the heat storage device 130 actually absorbs thermal energy in the heat, and after the thermal energy in the air is absorbed, the air is discharged.

[0077] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the gas separation device 110 has a second refrigeration passage O that can be opened and closed (such as Figure 2 The second refrigeration passage O is used to connect the cold storage device 120 and the heat exchange component 200. When the cold capacity in the cold storage device 120 satisfies the need for separate heat exchange and the battery needs to be cooled or dehumidified, the second refrigeration passage O can be opened. In this way, the cold capacity in the cold storage device 120 can be dissipated through the second refrigeration passage O to the battery in the heat exchange component 200 for cooling or dehumidification.

[0078] In addition, the gas separation device 110 also has a second heating passage P that can be opened and closed (such as Figure 2 The second heating passage P is used to connect the heat storage device 130 and the heat-exchange component 200. When the heat in the heat storage device 130 satisfies the need for independent heat exchange and the battery needs to be heated or dehumidified, the second heating passage P can be opened. In this way, the heat in the heat storage device 130 can be used to heat or dehumidify the battery through the second heating passage P.

[0079] It can be understood that no matter which of the first refrigeration passage M, the first heating passage N, the second refrigeration passage O or the second heating passage P is opened, the moisture in the energy storage compartment 210 can be taken away while cooling or heating, thereby achieving the purpose of dehumidification.

[0080] In order to drive the flow of air in the second refrigeration passage O and the second heating passage P, in an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the second refrigeration passage O and the second heating passage P can be selectively connected to the air source; illustratively, the second refrigeration passage O can be connected to the air source, and the second heating passage P can also be connected to the air source, so that the air source can provide flowing gas so that the flowing gas drives the flow of air in the second refrigeration passage O, or drives the flow of air in the second heating passage P, thereby realizing cooling, heating or dehumidification of the battery.

[0081] It should be noted that when the second refrigeration path O is connected to the air source, it may pass through the cold storage device 120 or not. When passing through the cold storage device 120, the flowing airflow carries the cold energy in the cold storage device 120 to cool or dehumidify the battery. When not passing through the cold storage device 120, that is, the second refrigeration path O is directly connected to the dry air source, so that the gas provided by the air source flows directly to the battery through the second refrigeration path O, so as to cool the battery through the flowing airflow and remove the moisture from the battery through the flowing airflow. Similarly, when the second heating path P is connected to the gas source, it may or may not pass through the heat storage device 130. When passing through the heat storage device 130, the flowing airflow carries the heat in the heat storage device 130 to heat and dehumidify the battery. When not passing through the heat storage device 130, that is, the second heating path P is directly connected to the gas source, the gas provided by the gas source flows directly to the battery through the second heating path P, so that the moisture of the battery is removed by the flowing airflow.

[0082] Of course, a dehumidification passage can also be set up in the thermal management system. The dehumidification passage can be connected only to the dry gas source, and the dehumidification passage can not pass through the gas separation device, so that the dry gas is blown directly to the heat exchange component 200 through the dehumidification passage to dehumidify the heat exchange component 200.

[0083] In some embodiments, the thermal management system 100 also includes a first air compressor 140 and a driving mechanism 180. An air intake passage is formed between the first air compressor 140 and the gas separation device 110. The driving mechanism 180 is used to drive the first air compressor 140 to operate. That is, when the driving mechanism 180 drives the first air compressor 140 to operate, the first air compressor 140 can compress the air into compressed gas to serve as the source of compressed gas for the gas separation device 110.

[0084] It should be noted that the first air compressor 140 here can be a first air compressor 140 and a driving mechanism 180 separately provided in the thermal management system 100. The driving mechanism 180 drives the first air compressor 140 to operate, so as to compress the gas entering the first air compressor 140 from the air source, and then transport the compressed gas to the gas separation device 110 to separate the cold and heat through the gas separation device 110, so that the thermal management system 100 can cool, heat or dehumidify the battery when the battery is stored or the battery is running, and is not limited to being used only when the battery is transported.

[0085] In addition, when the battery is being transported by a vehicle, the vehicle has a second air compressor that provides compressed gas to the vehicle's braking system. Therefore, the thermal management system 100 may not be provided with the first air compressor 140 and the drive mechanism 180. Instead, the second air compressor on the vehicle may provide compressed gas to the gas separation device 110 in the thermal management system 100. The engine on the vehicle that transports the battery may be used to drive the second air compressor. In this way, the engine on the transport vehicle may be used to drive the second air compressor to operate, and compressed gas may be selectively provided to the vehicle's braking system and the gas separation device 110. That is, when the vehicle needs to brake, the second air compressor on the vehicle provides compressed gas to the braking system, and the remaining compressed gas of the second air compressor is provided to the gas separation device 110. When the vehicle does not need to brake, the compressed gas formed by the second air compressor can be provided to the gas separation device 110. In this way, the structure of the thermal management system 100 is simplified and the cost is reduced.

[0086] When the thermal management system 100 has a first air compressor 140, the first air compressor 140 is a variable frequency device, and its frequency can be adjusted to meet the needs of different working conditions. Specifically, it can be adaptively adjusted according to actual conditions and is not limited here.

[0087] The structure of the thermal management system 100 will be further introduced below by taking the thermal management system having the first air compressor 140 and the driving mechanism 180 as an example.

[0088] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management system 100 also includes a gas storage device 160, which is arranged on the air intake passage. The gas storage device 160 can be selectively connected to the energy storage device and the gas separation device 110 respectively. Exemplarily, the gas storage device 160 can be a gas storage tank, which is used to store the compressed gas output by the first air compressor 140 so that the gas storage device 160 has compressed gas to supply the gas separation device 110 to meet the required amount of compressed gas required by the gas separation device 110.

[0089] In addition, the thermal management system 100 also includes a dryer 170, which is arranged on the air intake passage. For example, it can be located between the first air compressor 140 and the air storage device 160 to remove moisture from the compressed gas output by the first air compressor 140 through the dryer 170. The structure and working principle of the dryer 170 can be referred to relevant technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0090] For example, the dryer 170 may be in communication with the heat-exchange component to dehumidify the heat-exchange component through the dried gas.

[0091] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, the heat exchange member 200 has an energy storage cabin 210 and an energy storage member 220 located in the energy storage cabin 210. The energy storage member 220 is, for example, a battery or a battery pack. The air inlet end of the energy storage cabin 210 is selectively connected to at least one of the first cooling passage M and the first heating passage N; the air outlet end of the energy storage cabin 210 can be connected to the outside air or to the air inlet end of the first air compressor 140. When the air outlet end of the energy storage cabin 210 is connected to the air inlet end of the first air compressor 140, the air outlet end of the energy storage cabin 210 is connected to the air outlet end of the first air compressor 140. A return air passage is formed between the air inlet end of the first air compressor 140, so that at least part of the gas discharged from the energy storage cabin 210 enters the first air compressor 140 for compression to realize the utilization and recovery of the gas; that is, the first refrigeration passage M, the first heating passage N, the second refrigeration passage O and the second refrigeration passage O can all be selectively connected to the air inlet end of the heat exchange passage of the heat exchange component 200, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange passage is connected to the air inlet end of the first air compressor 140 to form a return air passage, thereby forming a gas circulation passage.

[0092] In addition, the selective opening and closing of the above-mentioned passages can be achieved by setting a three-way valve. The operation of the thermal management system 100 under different working conditions and the position of the three-way valve will be explained below. For the convenience of description, when there are multiple three-way valves, the three-way valves in different positions are described as first, second, etc., wherein the first, second, etc. do not have other meanings.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 4As shown, when a transport vehicle is used to transport an energy storage device such as a battery, the first air compressor 140 can be the first air compressor 140 that is on the transport vehicle, and the driving mechanism 180 uses the engine or electric motor on the transport vehicle to drive the first air compressor 140 to operate; if the ambient humidity is high, first, by adjusting the frequency of the first air compressor 140, the air first enters the filter 150 to filter foreign matter in the air, and the filtered air enters the first air compressor 140. After being compressed by the first air compressor 140, the compressed gas enters the dryer 17 0 and then enters the air storage device 160. Since the gas compressed by the first air compressor 140 is usually used in the braking system 300 of the transport vehicle, when the transport vehicle has no braking demand, the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AC circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected, and the air flow in the air storage tank passes through the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AC circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11 in sequence and enters the energy storage cabin 210 to remove the humid air in the energy storage cabin 210, thereby forming a dehumidification path Q (as shown in FIG. Figure 4 When the ambient temperature is high, it is necessary to cool the energy storage components 220, such as the battery, in the energy storage compartment 210. At this time, the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the BC circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected. In this way, the compressed gas enters the gas separation device 110, and the cold energy separated by the gas separation device 110 is used to cool the energy storage components 220, such as the battery, in the energy storage compartment 210.

[0094] Of course, the first air compressor 140 can also be an independent compressor, which is driven by an electric motor or an engine. In this way, when the energy storage device is transported to the destination and before the assembly and debugging are completed, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, when the ambient humidity is high, by adjusting the frequency of the first air compressor 140, the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AC circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected, and the air flow in the air storage tank enters the energy storage compartment 210 through the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AC circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11 in sequence, so as to remove the humid air in the energy storage compartment 210 and achieve the dehumidification effect; when the ambient temperature is high, it is necessary to cool the energy storage components 220 such as the battery in the energy storage compartment 210. At this time, the AB circuit of the third three-way valve 12, the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10, and the BC circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected. In this way, the compressed gas enters the gas separation device 110, and the cold energy separated by the gas separation device 110 is used to cool the energy storage components 220 such as the battery in the energy storage compartment 210.

[0095] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, a first air compressor can be separately set up to supply air to the dehumidification passage Q; on the other hand, air can be supplied to the dehumidification passage Q through the air supply device of the vehicle's actuating system, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0096] It can be understood that the dehumidification passage Q in the embodiment of the present application refers to a passage in which only airflow at room temperature flows, and the moisture in the energy storage compartment 210 is taken away by the flow of airflow.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, when the battery is running, by adjusting the frequency of the first air compressor 140, air enters the first air compressor 140 through the filter 150. The first air compressor 140 transports the compressed gas to the dryer 170 for drying, and then enters the gas storage device 160. When the battery temperature is greater than the ambient temperature and the cold storage device 120 stores enough cold to exchange heat alone, the AC circuit of the first three-way valve 10, the BC circuit of the eighth three-way valve 17, the BC circuit of the seventh three-way valve 16, and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected, that is, the second refrigeration path O is opened, allowing cold energy to enter through the air inlet end of the heat exchange path, dissipate heat to the surface of the battery pack in the heat exchange path, and enter the return air path from the air outlet end of the heat exchange path, completing a cycle.

[0098] When the battery temperature is greater than the ambient temperature and the cold storage capacity of the cold storage device 120 is insufficient, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10, the AB circuit of the eighth three-way valve 17, the BC circuit of the seventh three-way valve 16, the circuit of the second three-way valve 11, the AC circuit of the fourth three-way valve 13, and the AB circuit of the fifth three-way valve 14 are connected, that is, the first refrigeration path M is open; after the air passes through the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10 and is separated into cold and hot flows by the gas separation device 110, the cold air flows through the AB circuit of the eighth three-way valve 17 and the AB circuit of the second three-way valve 11, enters the heat exchange path through the air inlet end of the heat exchange path, dissipates the cold air through the surface of the battery pack, and flows out from the air outlet end of the heat exchange path into the return air path; the heat separated by the heat flow through the gas separation device 110 flows out through the heat outlet 112, releases the heat in the heat storage device 130 through the AC circuit of the fourth three-way valve 13, and realizes heat recovery. The air that has absorbed the heat flows out through the AB circuit of the fifth three-way valve 14 and enters the return air path, completing a cycle.

[0099] Please continue to refer to Figure 1As shown, when the battery needs to be heated and the heat storage device 130 has insufficient heat, the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10, the AB circuit of the fourth three-way valve 13, the BC circuit of the sixth three-way valve 15, the AC circuit of the second three-way valve 11, and the AC circuit of the eighth three-way valve 17 are connected, that is, the first heating path N is opened. The heat separated by the gas separation device 110 flows through the heat outlet 112 of the gas separation device 110, the AB circuit of the fourth three-way valve 13, the BC circuit of the sixth three-way valve 15, and the AC circuit of the second three-way valve 11, and enters the heat exchange path through the air inlet end of the heat exchange path. The heat passes through the surface of the battery pack and is heated. The heated air flows through the air outlet end of the heat exchange path and enters the return air path. The cold energy separated by the gas separation device 110 enters the cold storage device 120 through the cold energy outlet 111 and the AC circuit of the eighth three-way valve 17 to release the cold energy, thereby collecting cold energy. The air that has absorbed the cold energy flows out through the AB circuit of the ninth three-way valve 18 and enters the return air path, completing a cycle.

[0100] When the battery needs to be heated and the heat stored in the heat storage device 130 meets the requirements for heat exchange alone, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the gas separation device 110 may not be started, and the AB circuit of the first three-way valve 10, the AC circuit of the fourth three-way valve 13, the AC circuit of the fifth three-way valve 14, the AB circuit of the sixth three-way valve 15, and the AC circuit of the second three-way valve 11 are connected, that is, the second heating path P is opened. After absorbing heat through the heat storage device 130, the air passes through the AC circuit of the fifth three-way valve 14, the AB circuit of the sixth three-way valve 15, and the AC circuit of the second three-way valve 11, and enters the heat exchange path through the air inlet end of the heat exchange path. The heat passes through the surface of the battery pack to heat it, and then enters the return air path through the air outlet end, completing a heating cycle.

[0101] It should be noted that when the heat exchange part is to be cooled, when the first refrigeration passage M or the second refrigeration passage O is opened, the cold energy entering the energy storage compartment 210 by the first refrigeration passage M or the second refrigeration passage O is exchanged with the heat exchange part 200 to be heated, that is, the heat exchange part 200 is cooled by the cold energy, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling; and when the heat exchange part is to be heated, when the first heating passage N or the second heating passage P is opened, the heat entering the energy storage compartment 210 by the first heating passage N or the second heating passage P is exchanged with the heat to be heated 200, that is, the heat to be heated 200 is heated by the heat, thereby achieving the purpose of heating.

[0102] In addition, please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, when the cold separated by the gas separation device 110 is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the cold storage device 120, or the pressure in the cold storage device 120 is too high, the AB circuit in the ninth three-way valve 18 is connected, so that the cold in the cold storage device 120 enters the return air passage through the AB circuit in the ninth three-way valve 18; when the cold entering the cold storage device 120 is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the cold storage device 120, or the pressure in the cold storage device 120 is too high, the AB circuit in the ninth three-way valve 18 is connected, so that the cold in the cold storage device 120 enters the return air passage through the AB circuit in the ninth three-way valve 18; when the heat entering the heat storage device 130 is greater than the maximum storage capacity of the heat storage device 130, or the pressure in the heat storage device 130 is too high, the AB circuit in the seventh three-way valve 16 is connected, so that the heat in the heat storage device 130 enters the return air passage through the AB circuit in the seventh three-way valve 16.

[0103] An embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage device, including a heat-exchange component 200 and a thermal management system 100 as provided in the above embodiment. The thermal management system 100 is used to provide cold or heat to the heat-exchange component 200 to cool, heat or dehumidify the heat-exchange component 200.

[0104] In some embodiments, the heat-exchanged component 200 includes an energy storage compartment 210 and an energy storage component 220 located in the energy storage compartment 210. The energy storage component 220 is, for example, a battery or a battery pack. The thermal management system 100 is configured to supply cold or heat to the energy storage compartment 210 to cool, heat or dehumidify the battery or battery pack in the energy storage compartment 210, so that the battery is always in a suitable temperature and humidity environment, thereby delaying the battery's service life and ensuring the battery's performance.

[0105] Since the cooling or heating provided by the thermal management system 100 directly cools or heats the surface of the battery, the temperature may be too low or too high, affecting the performance of the battery. Therefore, the temperature for heating or cooling the battery needs to be within a temperature range that does not damage the performance of the battery.

[0106] Based on the above questions, please refer to Figure 7 As shown, in an embodiment of the present application, the energy storage device further includes a gas heat exchanger 240 and a fan 230. Both the gas heat exchanger 240 and the fan 230 are located in the energy storage compartment 210, and the gas heat exchanger 240 is located between the energy storage component 220 and the fan 230. When the fan 230 is running, the fan 230 is configured to blow air toward the gas heat exchanger 240; the air inlet end of the gas heat exchanger 240 is connected to a cold source or a heat source.

[0107] In a specific implementation, the cooling or heat provided by the thermal management system 100 for the energy storage compartment 210 flows in the gas heat exchanger 240. In this way, when the fan 230 is running, the fan 230 drives the air in the energy storage compartment 210 to exchange heat with the gas heat exchanger 240, so that the heat-exchanged air passes through the surface of the battery pack to cool or heat the energy storage component 220. The air in the energy storage compartment 210 is continuously circulated in the energy storage compartment 210 driven by the fan 230, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage compartment 210 and the surface of the battery pack. While ensuring the battery performance, the efficiency of cooling, heating or dehumidifying the battery pack is improved, thereby further extending the battery life.

[0108] In some embodiments, the cold outlet and heat outlet of the gas separation device 110 in the thermal management system 100 can be selectively connected to the gas heat exchanger 240 to provide cold or heat to the gas heat exchanger 240 through the gas separation device 110; or, the cold outlet and heat outlet of the energy storage device can be selectively connected to the gas heat exchanger 240 to provide cold or heat to the gas heat exchanger 240 through the energy storage device, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving economy.

[0109] In addition, the gas outlet end of the gas heat exchanger 240 can be connected to the return air passage of the thermal management system 100 to form a closed circulation loop, thereby saving energy and reducing emissions and improving economic efficiency.

[0110] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, the energy storage device also includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger 250 and a liquid cooling plate 260. The liquid cooling plate 260 is located in the energy storage cabin 210. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 250 can be located in the energy storage cabin 210 or outside the energy storage cabin 210, and can be adaptively arranged according to actual needs. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 250 has a gas heat exchange channel 251 and a liquid heat exchange channel 252 arranged adjacent to each other. The air inlet end of the gas heat exchange channel 251 can be selectively connected to the cold source and the heat source. The liquid heat exchange channel 252 is configured to allow liquid to circulate. The liquid outlet end of the liquid heat exchange channel 252 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid cooling plate 260. The liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling plate 260 is connected to the liquid return end of the liquid heat exchange channel 252. The liquid cooling plate 260 is arranged around at least part of the outer periphery of the energy storage component 220.

[0111] In a specific implementation, the cold or heat provided by the cold source or heat source to the energy storage cabin 210 causes the cold or heat to flow in the gas heat exchange channel 251 in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 250, and liquid flows in the liquid heat exchange channel 252. In this way, the cold or heat in the gas heat exchange channel 251 can be exchanged with the liquid heat exchange channel 252 to cool or heat the liquid in the liquid heat exchange channel 252, and the liquid in the liquid heat exchange channel 252 enters the liquid cooling plate 260 through the liquid cooling branch and circulates, so that the liquid cooling plate 260 exchanges heat with the battery pack, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling or heating the surface of the battery pack.

[0112] In some embodiments, the cold energy source includes but is not limited to the cold energy or heat provided to the gas separation device 110 or the energy storage device in the thermal management system 100. For example, the cold energy outlet and the heat energy outlet of the gas separation device 110 in the thermal management system 100 may be selectively connected to the gas heat exchange channel 251 to provide cold energy or heat to the gas heat exchange channel 251 through the gas separation device 110; or, the cold energy outlet and the heat energy outlet of the energy storage device may be selectively connected to the gas heat exchange channel 251 to provide cold energy or heat to the gas heat exchange channel 251 through the energy storage device, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving economy.

[0113] In addition, the gas outlet end of the gas heat exchange channel 251 can be connected to the return air passage of the thermal management system 100 to form a closed circulation loop, thereby saving energy and reducing emissions and improving economic efficiency.

[0114] In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, a circulation pump 270 can be added to the liquid cooling branch to promote the efficiency of the circulation flow of the liquid in the liquid heat exchange channel 252 and the liquid cooling plate 260, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly cooling or heating the battery pack.

[0115] The location of the circulation pump 270 is not limited, as long as it can improve the circulation efficiency of the liquid.

[0116] An embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, comprising the thermal management system 100 provided in the above embodiment or the energy storage device provided in the above embodiment.

[0117] The vehicle may be a transport vehicle for transporting batteries, or an electric vehicle equipped with batteries, etc.

[0118] In addition, the structures and working principles of the thermal management system 100 and the energy storage device have been introduced in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0119] In some embodiments, the vehicle further includes an engine, a second air compressor, and a braking system. The second air compressor can selectively communicate with the braking system and the gas separation device 110 in the thermal management system 100 to generate compressed gas through the second air compressor. The compressed gas can be supplied to the braking system or the gas separation device. The second air compressor is connected to the engine to drive the second air compressor to operate. The first air compressor and the second air compressor can be independent or the same. When they are the same, resources can be allocated to meet the needs of the vehicle and thermal management system, thereby improving energy efficiency.

[0120] It can be seen that in the thermal management system, energy storage device and vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application, a gas separation device and an energy storage device are provided, and the gas separation device can separate the gas into cold and heat, and use one of the cold and heat to cool or heat a battery, for example, to meet the requirements of the battery for a humid and temperature environment during transportation, storage or operation, without consuming too much electricity, saving energy and protecting the environment, reducing energy consumption and improving economy; in addition, since the gas separation device separates cold and heat at the same time, when using cold to cool or dehumidify the heat exchange component, the heat separated by the gas separation device can be collected by the energy storage device; and when using heat to When the heat exchange element is performing heating or dehumidification, the energy storage device can be used to collect the cold separated by the gas separation device, that is, the energy storage device can collect and store the other of the cold and heat separated by the gas separation device to avoid energy waste; in addition, the energy storage device can be selectively connected to the energy storage compartment where the battery is located. In this way, when the energy stored in the energy storage device is sufficient, the battery can be cooled or heated, so that the battery is always in a suitable humidity and temperature environment to improve the battery's service life, performance, safety and reliability, and reduce the energy consumption of the thermal management system, improve economy, reduce costs, and avoid waste of cold and heat.

[0121] It should be noted that references in this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," and the like indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not necessarily every embodiment includes that particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not.

[0122] Generally speaking, terms should be understood, at least in part, based on the context in which they are used. For example, as used herein, the term "one or more" can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense, depending at least in part on the context. Similarly, terms such as "a," "an," or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage, depending at least in part on the context.

[0123] It should be readily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in this application should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on something,” but also includes “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” includes not only the meaning of “above” or “over,” but also includes “above” or “over” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0124] Additionally, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "beneath," "beneath," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature to other elements or features as depicted in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90° or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system comprising: A gas separation device (110), the gas separation device (110) being configured to be connected to a gas source and to separate the gas entering the gas separation device (110) into cold and heat, the gas separation device (110) having a cold outlet (111) for cold to flow out and a heat outlet (112) for heat to flow out; The gas separation device (110) further comprises a first refrigeration passage and a first heating passage that can be opened and closed, wherein the first refrigeration passage is used to connect the cooling outlet (111) with the heat exchange component (200), and the first heating passage is used to connect the heat outlet (112) with the heat exchange component (200); It is characterized in that the thermal management system also includes an energy storage device, which is connected to the other of the first cooling passage and the first heating passage when one of the first cooling passage and the first heating passage is opened, and the energy storage device is configured to collect and store cold or heat in the passage connected thereto.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage device includes a cold storage device (120) and a heat storage device (130); The cold storage device (120) is selectively connectable to the first refrigeration path, and the cold storage device (120) is configured to collect and store cold energy in the first refrigeration path; The heat storage device (130) is selectively connectable to the first heating passage, and the heat storage device (130) is configured to collect and store heat in the first heating passage.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas separation device (110) has a second refrigeration passage and a second heating passage that can be opened and closed; The second refrigeration passage is used to connect the cold storage device (120) and the heat exchange component (200), so that the cold energy in the cold storage device (120) is used to cool and / or dehumidify the heat exchange component (200) via the second refrigeration passage; The second heating passage is used to connect the second heating passage with the heat-exchanged component (200), so that the heat in the heat storage device (130) heats and / or dehumidifies the heat-exchanged component (200) via the second heating passage.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second cooling passage and the second heating passage are selectively connected to the air source respectively.

5. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises a first air compressor (140), an air inlet end of the first air compressor (140) being configured to communicate with an air source, the gas separation device (110) having an air inlet passage, and an air outlet end of the first air compressor (140) being communicated with the air inlet passage.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the heat exchange component (200) is in communication with the air inlet end of the first air compressor (140).

7. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises a filter (150), wherein the filter (150) is arranged between the air source and the first air compressor (140) to filter the gas from the air source entering the first air compressor (140).

8. The thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises an air storage device (160), wherein the air storage device (160) is arranged on the air intake passage, and the air storage device (160) is used to store compressed air output by the first air compressor (140).

9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas storage device (160) is selectively connectable to the energy storage device; and / or, The gas storage device (160) and the gas separation device (110) are selectively connectable.

10. The thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thermal management system further comprises a dryer (170), and the dryer (170) is arranged on the air intake passage.

11. The thermal management system according to claim 10, wherein: The gas separation device (110) further comprises a dehumidification passage, wherein the dehumidification passage is used to connect the dryer (170) and the heat-exchanged component (200).

12. The thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gas separation device (110) is a vortex tube.

13. The thermal management system according to claim 5, wherein: The thermal management system further includes a driving mechanism (180), wherein the driving mechanism (180) is connected to the first air compressor (140), and the driving mechanism (180) is configured to drive the first air compressor (140) to operate.

14. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a component to be heat-exchanged (200) and a thermal management system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the thermal management system (100) is configured to provide cooling or heating to the component to be heat-exchanged (200).

15. The energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The heat exchange component (200) comprises an energy storage compartment (210) and an energy storage component (220) located in the energy storage compartment (210), and the gas separation device (110) in the thermal management system (100) is configured to supply cold or heat to the energy storage compartment (210).

16. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises a gas heat exchanger (240) and a fan (230), wherein the gas heat exchanger (240) and the fan (230) are both located in the energy storage cabin (210), and the gas heat exchanger (240) is located between the energy storage component (220) and the fan (230), and the gas heat exchanger (240) is configured to be selectively connected to a cold energy source and a heat energy source, and when the fan (230) is in operation, the fan (230) is configured to blow air toward the gas heat exchanger (240).

17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that The gas heat exchanger (240) can be selectively connected to the gas separation device (110) or the gas outlet end of the energy storage device in the thermal management system (100) to provide cold or heat to the gas heat exchanger (240).

18. The energy storage device according to claim 15, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises a gas-liquid heat exchanger (250) and a liquid cooling plate (260), wherein the liquid cooling plate (260) is located in the energy storage cabin (210); The gas-liquid heat exchanger (250) has a gas heat exchange channel (251) and a liquid heat exchange channel (252) arranged adjacent to each other. The gas heat exchange channel (251) is configured to be selectively connected to a cold source and a heat source. The liquid heat exchange channel (252) is configured to allow liquid to circulate. The liquid outlet end of the liquid heat exchange channel (252) is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid cooling plate (260). The liquid outlet end of the liquid cooling plate (260) is connected to the liquid return end of the liquid heat exchange channel (252). The liquid cooling plate (260) is provided on at least a portion of the outer peripheral side of the energy storage component (220).

19. The energy storage device according to claim 18, characterized in that The gas heat exchange channel (251) is configured to communicate with the gas separation device (110) or the gas outlet of the energy storage device in the thermal management system (100) to provide cold or heat to the gas heat exchange channel (251).

20. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The thermal management system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13; or the energy storage device according to any one of claims 14 to 19.

21. The vehicle according to claim 20, characterized in that The vehicle further comprises a second air compressor and a braking system (300), wherein the second air compressor is selectively connected to the braking system (300) and the thermal management system (100), respectively.

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