Solid oxide battery coupling thermal power generation energy storage system and method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system and method. The system comprises a thermal generator set used for providing high-temperature steam and electric energy; the solid oxide electrolytic tank is connected to the thermal generator set and is used for introducing high-temperature steam and air and electrolyzing to generate H2 and O2; the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compression oxygen storage tank are connected to the solid oxide electrolytic tank and are respectively used for storing H2 and O2; and the solid oxide fuel cell is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compression oxygen storage tank and is used for introducing H2 and O2 and generating electric energy and heat energy. According to the embodiment of the invention, through combination of thermal power and an energy storage technology, the peak regulation margin of the thermal power generating unit can be effectively improved, the thermal power generating unit can be reduced to be below the minimum electric load and improved to be above the full load according to needs through the system, the rapid load changing and peak regulation and frequency modulation capabilities of thermal power generation are improved, and the deep peak regulation income of thermal power is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage, and specifically relate to a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] As the global energy mix shifts toward a low-carbon, highly flexible energy structure, thermal power generation (hereinafter referred to as "thermal power"), as a traditional baseload power source, faces peak-shaving pressure and carbon emission constraints brought about by the large-scale integration of renewable energy. Currently, thermal power's ability to rapidly change loads, regulate peaks and frequencies is limited, resulting in low returns from deep peak-shaving.

[0003] In this context, the combination of thermal power and energy storage technology has become an important technical path to enhance the flexibility of thermal power, reduce carbon emissions, and support the stability of new power systems.

[0004] Solid oxide cells are highly efficient energy conversion devices that can be used as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to generate electricity, or as solid oxide electrolyzers (SOECs) to produce hydrogen or synthesize fuels. Their main features are the use of solid oxide ceramic materials as electrolytes, a high operating temperature (500°C to 1000°C), high efficiency, fuel flexibility, and environmental friendliness. The SOFC mode is an exothermic process, with conventional power generation efficiency exceeding 60%, with losses primarily released as heat. The SOEC mode is an endothermic process, with conventional electrolysis producing hydrogen efficiency exceeding 75%. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system and method.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system, the system comprising:

[0007] Thermal power generating units, used to provide high-temperature steam and electricity;

[0008] A solid oxide electrolysis cell, connected to the thermal power generator set, for introducing high-temperature steam and air and electrolyzing to generate H2 and O2;

[0009] A magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and a compressed oxygen storage tank are connected to the solid oxide electrolysis cell and are used to store H2 and O2 respectively;

[0010] The solid oxide fuel cell is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, and is used to introduce H2 and O2 and generate electrical energy and thermal energy.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank is used to store H2 through magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials;

[0012] The system also includes a hydrolysis reactor, which is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the solid oxide fuel cell, respectively, and is used to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and input the H2 into the solid oxide fuel cell.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermal power generating set includes a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder;

[0014] The solid oxide electrolysis cell is connected to the inlet end of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.

[0015] Furthermore, the system further comprises a pressure reducing valve;

[0016] The pressure reducing valve is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder and the solid oxide electrolytic cell respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the solid oxide fuel cell is also used to generate H2O and input it into the steam turbine heat recovery system.

[0018] Furthermore, the system also includes a molten salt storage tank, which is respectively connected to the solid oxide fuel cell and the solid oxide electrolysis cell, and is used to store the heat energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell or provide heat energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

[0019] Furthermore, the system further comprises a heat exchanger, connected to the solid oxide fuel cell and the molten salt storage tank, respectively, for performing heat exchange between the solid oxide fuel cell and the molten salt storage tank.

[0020] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage method, based on the solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage system described above, characterized in that the method comprises:

[0021] When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the thermal power generating set is reduced to the minimum load, high-temperature steam and air are introduced into the solid oxide electrolysis cell, and the electricity generated by the thermal power generating set is used for electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolysis cell to generate H2 and O2, which are stored in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank respectively;

[0022] When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the thermal power generating set is increased to full load, and the H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank are introduced into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate electrical energy and input it into the power grid.

[0023] Furthermore, the generation of H2 and O2, and storage in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, respectively, comprises:

[0024] Combining H2 with the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank through physical adsorption;

[0025] The step of introducing H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell comprises:

[0026] The hydrolysis reactor is opened to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and input the H2 into the solid oxide fuel cell.

[0027] Furthermore, when the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the method further includes:

[0028] Passing H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate heat energy and store it in a molten salt storage tank;

[0029] When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the method further includes:

[0030] The molten salt storage tank is used to provide thermal energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

[0031] A solid oxide battery-coupled thermal power generation energy storage system and method according to the disclosed embodiments can effectively improve the peak-shaving margin of thermal power units by combining thermal power and energy storage technologies. When the grid needs to reduce the load, the unit can be reduced to below the minimum load. When the grid needs to increase the load, the unit can be increased to above the full load as needed through the system, thereby improving the ability of thermal power generation to quickly change load, regulate peak and frequency, and increasing the benefits of deep peak regulation of thermal power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0034] In addition, the described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. can be adopted. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while others may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0036] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one component from another. Thus, the first component discussed below can be referred to as the second component without departing from the teachings of the concepts of this disclosure. As used in this disclosure, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items and all combinations of one or more of them.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that the drawings are merely schematic diagrams of example embodiments, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily necessary for implementing the present disclosure, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system, the system comprising:

[0039] A thermal power generator set (not shown in the figure) is used to provide high-temperature steam and electricity; a solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC is connected to the thermal power generator set, and is used to introduce high-temperature steam and air, and electrolyze to generate H2 and O2; a magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1 and a compressed oxygen storage tank T2 are connected to the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC, and are used to store H2 and O2, respectively; a solid oxide fuel cell SOFC is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1 and the compressed oxygen storage tank T2, and is used to introduce H2 and O2 and generate electricity and heat.

[0040] Specifically, when the power grid requires deep peak regulation from thermal power plants, the thermal power generator sets are reduced to minimum load, the boiler reheat steam bypass valve is opened, and high-temperature steam is fed into the fuel electrode of the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), while air is fed into the oxygen electrode of the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The electricity generated by the thermal power generator sets is used for electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). Electrolysis is an endothermic process that absorbs heat from the high-temperature steam or, if necessary, introduces additional heat to drive the reaction, ultimately generating H2 and O2 through electrolysis. The H2 is stored in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1, and the O2 is compressed and stored in the compressed oxygen storage tank T2 for standby use.

[0041] When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly load up, the thermal power generating set is increased to full load, and hydrogen H2 and oxygen O2 are respectively introduced into the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1 and the compressed oxygen storage tank T2. The solid oxide fuel cell SOFC generates electricity through electrochemical reaction and sends it to the power grid. The heat energy generated by the reaction can be stored or supplied to the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC for electrolysis and heat absorption.

[0042] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1 is used to store H2 using magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials. The solid oxide battery-coupled thermal power generation energy storage system of this embodiment also includes a hydrolysis reactor K1, which is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1 and the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC, respectively, and is used to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and input it into the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC.

[0043] Specifically, magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials are stored in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1. When H2 enters the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank T1, it combines with the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material through physical adsorption to produce hydrogen compounds, thereby storing hydrogen in a stable manner.

[0044] When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the hydrolysis reactor K1 is turned on to hydrolyze the hydrogen in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, thereby supplying hydrogen to the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC.

[0045] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the thermal power generating set includes a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1. The solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1.

[0046] Specifically, the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1 is part of the equipment in the generator set of a thermal power plant. The inlet end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1 is used as the extraction position for high-temperature water vapor, so that the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC extracts the high-temperature water vapor before the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1.

[0047] For example, Figure 1As shown, the system further includes a pressure reducing valve V1 . The pressure reducing valve V1 is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder C1 and the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC respectively.

[0048] Specifically, the high-temperature steam released by the boiler is often too high a pressure for the SOEC. Therefore, a pressure reducing valve V1 is installed before the SOEC's fuel electrode. When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the boiler's reheat steam bypass valve is opened, and the high-temperature steam is reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve V1 before being fed into the SOEC's fuel electrode.

[0049] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC is also used to generate H2O and input it into the steam turbine heat recovery system.

[0050] Specifically, H2 and O2 are introduced into a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to generate electricity and heat through electrochemical reactions, producing H2O. The generated H2O is then fed into the steam turbine regenerative system of the thermal power generator for recycling.

[0051] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the system further includes a molten salt storage tank T3, which is respectively connected to the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC and the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC, and is used to store the heat energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC or provide heat energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell SOEC.

[0052] Specifically, molten salt storage tank T3 contains molten salt, which can store thermal energy. The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) generates heat through electrochemical reactions, which is then stored in molten salt tank T3. When the solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC) needs to absorb heat for electrolysis, molten salt tank T3 provides the heat required for the electrolysis reaction.

[0053] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the system further includes a heat exchanger E1 connected to the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC and the molten salt storage tank T3, respectively, for performing heat exchange between the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC and the molten salt storage tank T3.

[0054] Specifically, the heat energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC is exchanged with the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank T3 through the heat exchanger E1, so that the molten salt storage tank T3 stores the heat energy.

[0055] A solid oxide battery-coupled thermal power generation and energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively improve the peak-shaving margin of thermal power units by combining thermal power and energy storage technologies. When the power grid needs to reduce the load, the unit can be reduced to below the minimum load. When the power grid needs to increase the load, the unit can be increased to above the full load as needed through the system. This improves the ability of thermal power generation to quickly change load, regulate peak and frequency, and increases the benefits of deep peak regulation of thermal power.

[0056] Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage method, based on the solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation and energy storage system described in the previous embodiment, the method comprising:

[0057] M1. When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the thermal power generating set is reduced to the minimum load, high-temperature steam and air are introduced into the solid oxide electrolysis cell, and the electricity generated by the thermal power generating set is used for electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolysis cell to generate H2 and O2, which are stored in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, respectively.

[0058] M2. When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly load up, the thermal power generating set is increased to full load, and the H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank are introduced into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate electricity and input it into the power grid.

[0059] Exemplarily, the generating of H2 and O2 and storing them in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, respectively, comprises: combining H2 with the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank by physical adsorption;

[0060] The step of introducing the H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell comprises: starting a hydrolysis reactor to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and then introducing the H2 into the solid oxide fuel cell.

[0061] Exemplarily, when the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the method further includes:

[0062] Passing H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate heat energy and store it in a molten salt storage tank;

[0063] When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the method further includes:

[0064] The molten salt storage tank is used to provide thermal energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

[0065] A solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively improve the peak-shaving margin of thermal power units by combining thermal power and energy storage technology. When the power grid needs to reduce the load, the unit can be reduced to below the minimum load. When the power grid needs to increase the load, the unit can be increased to above the full load as needed through the system, thereby improving the ability of thermal power generation to quickly change load, peak and frequency, and increasing the deep peak-shaving benefits of thermal power.

[0066] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Thermal power generating units, used to provide high-temperature steam and electricity; A solid oxide electrolysis cell, connected to the thermal power generator set, for introducing high-temperature steam and air and electrolyzing to generate H2 and O2; A magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and a compressed oxygen storage tank are connected to the solid oxide electrolysis cell and are used to store H2 and O2 respectively; The solid oxide fuel cell is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, and is used to introduce H2 and O2 and generate electrical energy and thermal energy.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank is used to store H2 through magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials; The system also includes a hydrolysis reactor, which is connected to the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the solid oxide fuel cell, respectively, and is used to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and input the H2 into the solid oxide fuel cell.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal power generating set includes a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder; The solid oxide electrolysis cell is connected to the inlet end of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The system also includes a pressure relief valve; The pressure reducing valve is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder and the solid oxide electrolytic cell respectively.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The solid oxide fuel cell is also used to generate H2O and input it into the steam turbine heat recovery system.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The system further includes a molten salt storage tank connected to the solid oxide fuel cell and the solid oxide electrolysis cell, respectively, for storing heat energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell or providing heat energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The system further includes a heat exchanger connected to the solid oxide fuel cell and the molten salt storage tank, respectively, for performing heat exchange between the solid oxide fuel cell and the molten salt storage tank.

8. A solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage method, based on the solid oxide battery coupled thermal power generation energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the thermal power generating set is reduced to the minimum load, high-temperature steam and air are introduced into the solid oxide electrolysis cell, and the electricity generated by the thermal power generating set is used for electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolysis cell to generate H2 and O2, which are stored in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank respectively; When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the thermal power generating set is increased to full load, and the H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank are introduced into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate electrical energy and input it into the power grid.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method of generating H2 and O2 and storing them in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and the compressed oxygen storage tank, respectively, comprises: Combining H2 with the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank through physical adsorption; The step of introducing H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell comprises: The hydrolysis reactor is opened to decompose H2 from the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material and input the H2 into the solid oxide fuel cell.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that When the power grid requires the thermal power plant to quickly top up its load, the method further includes: Passing H2 in the magnesium-based hydrogen storage tank and O2 in the compressed oxygen storage tank into the solid oxide fuel cell to generate heat energy and store it in a molten salt storage tank; When the power grid requires deep peak regulation of the thermal power plant, the method further includes: The molten salt storage tank is used to provide thermal energy to the solid oxide electrolysis cell.

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