Photoelectric automobile integrated sensing system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a photoelectric automobile integrated sensing system and method, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, and the system comprises a light source, a processor, an isolator, a coupler, a vehicle domain, a spectrometer, an optical signal splitter, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter, a second photoelectric converter, and a vehicle domain actuator. The vehicle domain is connected with a vehicle domain actuator through a coupler, an isolator, a light source, a processor, an optical signal splitter / combiner, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter and a second photoelectric converter in sequence; the processor is connected with the light source and is used for carrying out frequency division on the laser emitted by the light source to obtain a communication band signal for communication and a sensing band signal for sensing; and the spectrometer is respectively connected with the coupler and the processor. The light source, the processor, the isolator, the coupler and other components in the system are utilized, and the problems of bandwidth, electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation in traditional electric signal transmission are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication, and in particular to a photoelectric automobile integrated interawareness system and method. Background Art

[0002] Integrated synaesthesia refers to the integration of fiber-optic communication and sensing technologies to achieve the fused transmission of communication and perception signals within the same fiber-optic network. Synaesthesia integration refers to the seamless fusion of communication and sensing systems. This means that the vehicle's communication data and perception data (such as temperature, strain, and speed) are transmitted simultaneously via optical fiber without interfering with each other, enabling more efficient vehicle status monitoring and control. The use of fiber-optic sensors and fiber-optic communication technology can overcome bottlenecks such as bandwidth, latency, and anti-interference in traditional in-vehicle systems, improving the perception accuracy and response speed of smart cars.

[0003] The global automotive industry is currently undergoing a critical transition from traditional fuel-powered vehicles to a deeply integrated development of new energy, intelligent, connected, and shared vehicles. Especially with the continued advancement of intelligent driving, vehicle-road collaboration, and smart transportation, intelligent vehicles are placing higher demands on high-bandwidth, highly reliable, and low-latency communication systems, as well as high-precision, all-scenario, and multi-dimensional perception systems.

[0004] However, traditional in-vehicle communication networks (such as CAN, Ethernet, 5G, and V2X) and conventional electrical sensing technologies (such as voltage-current sensors, thermocouples, pressure sensors, accelerometers, millimeter-wave radars, cameras, and ultrasonic sensors) face numerous technical bottlenecks in terms of bandwidth capacity, anti-interference capabilities, environmental adaptability, system redundancy, and hardware utilization. First, in terms of communication, limited by the physical characteristics of electrical signal transmission, there are problems such as susceptibility to electromagnetic interference, limited bandwidth, complex wiring harnesses, and insufficient data security, making it difficult to support the needs of multi-sensor fusion and large-scale real-time data exchange. In terms of perception, traditional sensing equipment has large blind spots and is easily affected by factors such as ambient lighting, rain, snow, fog, and electromagnetic noise. Furthermore, due to processor channel limitations, sensors cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring and perception of the entire vehicle, resulting in the risk of false detection and missed detection, which restricts the safety of high-level autonomous driving.

[0005] In summary, existing vehicle telemetry systems (such as CAN, Ethernet, 5G, and V2X) are limited by the physical characteristics of electrical signal transmission, and have problems such as limited bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, large perception blind spots, and poor environmental adaptability. They are unable to meet the requirements of intelligent driving for high precision, real-time performance, and full-scene perception, and thus restrict the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems that the vehicle telepathy systems (such as CAN, Ethernet, 5G, V2X) in the existing technologies are limited by the physical characteristics of electrical signal transmission, and have problems such as limited bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, large perception blind spots, and poor environmental adaptability. They are difficult to meet the requirements of intelligent driving for high precision, real-time and full-scene perception, and restrict the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving, the present invention provides an optoelectronic vehicle integrated telepathy system and method.

[0007] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] First aspect

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated optoelectronic vehicle synaesthesia system, the system comprising:

[0010] A light source, a processor, an isolator, a coupler, a vehicle domain, a spectrometer, an optical signal splitter / combiner, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter, a second photoelectric converter, and a vehicle domain actuator;

[0011] The vehicle domain is connected to the vehicle domain actuator via a coupler, an isolator, a light source, a processor, an optical signal splitter / combiner, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter, and a second photoelectric converter in sequence;

[0012] The processor is connected to the light source and is used to divide the frequency of the laser light emitted by the light source to obtain a communication band signal for communication and a sensing band signal for sensing;

[0013] The spectrometer is connected to the coupler and the processor respectively, wherein the spectrometer is used to demodulate the sensing band signal, and the coupler is used to distribute and collect the sensing band signal of the vehicle domain.

[0014] Second aspect

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention provides a photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia method, which is applied to the photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia system of the first aspect. The method includes:

[0016] S1: Sends the sensing band signal to the vehicle domain through the light source;

[0017] S2: Acquire working sensor signals in the vehicle domain;

[0018] S3: Analyze the working sensor signal through the spectrometer to obtain the working physical and chemical signals in the vehicle domain and complete the photoelectric vehicle perception process;

[0019] S4: Transmitting the working physical and chemical signals to the processor to form working communication signals;

[0020] S5: distributes the working communication signal to the vehicle domain controller through the optical signal splitter;

[0021] S6: The vehicle domain controller analyzes the working communication signal and outputs the control signal;

[0022] S7: converting the control signal into a control light signal through the first photoelectric converter;

[0023] S8: Converting the control optical signal into a control electrical signal through a second photoelectric converter;

[0024] S9: Control the vehicle domain actuators by controlling the electrical signals to complete the optoelectronic vehicle communication process.

[0025] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0026] In an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated optoelectronic vehicle intersensing system combines fiber-optic communication with fiber-optic sensing technology, utilizing components such as the light source, processor, isolator, and coupler in the system to overcome the bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, and signal attenuation issues in traditional electrical signal transmission. The system uses a processor to divide the laser frequency into a communication band and a sensing band, ensuring that the communication signal and the sensing signal are transmitted in parallel on the same optical fiber without interference. The combination of the spectrometer and the coupler can demodulate the sensing signal in real time and obtain the vehicle's operating status, thereby improving the vehicle's perception accuracy and response speed to environmental changes. Furthermore, the role of the photoelectric converter ensures that communication and control signals can be efficiently converted and executed, improving the real-time performance and stability of the system, and providing higher safety and responsiveness for intelligent driving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for integrating optoelectronic and automotive synaesthesia. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "exemplary" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "and / or" can mean both or either of the two.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, when the distinction between them is not emphasized, their intended meanings are the same. The terms "of," "corresponding," and "corresponding" may be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, when the distinction between them is not emphasized, their intended meanings are the same.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Manual Figure 1 , which shows a structural schematic diagram of an optoelectronic automobile integrated synaesthesia system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1The solid line in the middle represents the fiber optic backbone network, and the dashed lines represent the fiber optic branch network. The working principle of the demonstrated optoelectronic vehicle integrated intersensory system is as follows: the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber can carry both communication and sensor information. One of the processor's tasks is to split the wide-spectrum laser light generated by the light source into two parts based on the actual vehicle needs: one for communication and one for sensing. This allows communication and sensor information to be effectively distinguished. The sensing band passes through an isolator and enters a coupler. The coupler transmits the sensing band via optical fiber to a location on the vehicle that covers the sensing fiber. When the vehicle's sensor state changes, the sensor signal fluctuations are fed back to the coupler and then to the spectrometer. The spectrometer demodulates the relevant information of the sensor signal, and the demodulated sensor signal is transmitted to the processor for relevant perception and processing. Light in the communication band is transmitted by optical splitters / combiners to different domain controllers. The domain controllers convert the electronic signals into optical signals using optoelectronic / electro-optical converters and load them into the corresponding sensor bands. The communication optical signals, carrying the domain controller's control signals, enter the optical fiber backbone network and are transmitted to the front of the domain actuators. The optoelectronic / electro-optical converters in front of the domain actuators convert the information in the communication band into electrical signals that the actuators can understand and send them to initiate action. Conversely, the action status signals of the domain actuators are converted from electronic signals to optical signals by optoelectronic / electro-optical converters and loaded into the corresponding sensor bands. The optical communication signals return to the optical fiber backbone network. Optoelectronic / electro-optical converters in front of the domain controllers convert the optical information in the communication band into electrical signals that the domain controllers can understand. These electrical signals are converted back into optical signals by the optical splitters / combiners and transmitted to the processors for corresponding control, forming a closed communication loop.

[0037] This system replaces the traditional CAN bus with a fiber optic bus, significantly increasing information transmission speed and data volume. For sensing, the multiplexing function of fiber optic sensing significantly improves sensing coverage, reduces hardware channel requirements, and enhances refined sensing capabilities. For communications, fiber optic communication significantly increases communication speed and capacity, making information transmission within the vehicle more convenient. More specific advantages are described in the background.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated optoelectronic vehicle interawareness system, comprising a light source, a processor, an isolator, a coupler, a vehicle domain, a spectrometer, an optical signal splitter / combiner, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter, a second photoelectric converter, and a vehicle domain actuator. The vehicle domain is sequentially connected to the vehicle domain actuator via the coupler, isolator, light source, processor, optical signal splitter / combiner, vehicle domain controller, first photoelectric converter, and second photoelectric converter. The processor is connected to the light source and is configured to frequency-divide the laser light emitted by the light source to obtain a communication band signal for communication and a sensor band signal for sensing. The spectrometer is connected to the coupler and processor, respectively, wherein the spectrometer is configured to demodulate the sensor band signal, and the coupler is configured to distribute and collect the vehicle domain sensor band signal.

[0039] The light source generates a broad-spectrum laser signal, providing sufficient optical energy for subsequent communication and sensing operations. It serves as the optical signal source for the entire system. The processor, connected to the light source, receives the laser signal and performs frequency division processing. The processor divides the laser signal into a communication band and a sensing band to meet the system's different requirements. The isolator prevents reflection and interference from the optical signal, ensuring that it is not subject to external interference during transmission. It enables unidirectional optical signal transmission, thereby improving system stability. The coupler distributes and collects the optical signal in the sensing band. It transmits the sensing band signal to various sensor nodes in the vehicle and collects feedback signals for further processing. The vehicle domain is a region within the optoelectronic system that connects and coordinates the various components within the system. It exchanges data and controls other components through components such as the coupler, isolator, and processor. The spectrometer, connected to the coupler and processor, demodulates the sensing band signal. It converts the sensing signal into useful operating status data, helping the vehicle understand environmental changes in real time. The optical signal splitter / combiner distributes and aggregates different types of optical signals (communication signals and sensor signals) to ensure that the signals are transmitted to the designated module or controller as required. The vehicle domain controller receives the communication signals from the optical signal splitter / combiner and parses and processes them. It is responsible for converting the parsed signals into control instructions to drive the vehicle to perform operations. The first photoelectric converter converts the control signal from the vehicle domain controller from an electrical signal into an optical signal, supporting subsequent signal transmission. The second photoelectric converter converts the optical signal from the first photoelectric converter into an electrical signal for use by the vehicle's actuators. The vehicle domain actuators perform corresponding operations based on the received control electrical signals, such as adjusting the power system and braking system, thereby realizing intelligent control of the vehicle.

[0040] Specifically, the frequency division process enables the simultaneous compatibility of the same light source for both communication and sensing, thus realizing seamless integrated transmission of optical fiber communication and sensing signals. A wavelength division multiplexer or grating device is used to divide the different wavelengths of the light source into a communication band and a sensing band, each carrying different functions. After being transmitted to the end via an optical fiber link, they are demultiplexed. First, a supercontinuum light source or a multi-wavelength laser is used as a unified light source. Then, an adjustable wavelength division multiplexer or fiber Bragg grating array is set at the output end of the light source to divide the output spectrum into communication and sensing bands as required based on the processor's allocation. The communication band is then used for high-speed data transmission, and the sensing band is used for reflected or scattered sensor signal acquisition (such as distributed temperature / strain sensing). At the end, a wavelength division multiplexer is used to separate the signals and send them to the communication module and the sensor demodulation module, respectively. Finally, bidirectional multiplexing is achieved, with the ability to adaptively adjust the wavelength band, supporting flexible deployment in different application scenarios.

[0041] Specifically, this integrated optoelectronic vehicle intersensing system utilizes a combination of fiber-optic communication and sensing technologies to address bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, and perception accuracy challenges faced by traditional in-vehicle systems. Frequency division separates communication and sensing signals, allowing them to be transmitted in parallel over the same optical fiber, thus avoiding signal interference. The system provides high bandwidth, low latency, strong interference immunity, and high-precision sensing capabilities, thereby improving the safety, responsiveness, and perception accuracy of intelligent driving, meeting the real-time data transmission and multi-dimensional perception requirements of autonomous driving.

[0042] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated optoelectronic vehicle intersensing system combines fiber-optic communication with fiber-optic sensing technology, utilizing components such as the light source, processor, isolator, and coupler in the system to overcome the bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, and signal attenuation issues in traditional electrical signal transmission. The system uses a processor to divide the laser frequency into a communication band and a sensing band, ensuring that the communication signal and the sensing signal are transmitted in parallel on the same optical fiber without interference. The combination of the spectrometer and the coupler can demodulate the sensing signal in real time and obtain the vehicle's operating status, thereby improving the vehicle's perception accuracy and response speed to environmental changes. Furthermore, the role of the photoelectric converter ensures that communication and control signals can be efficiently converted and executed, improving the real-time performance and stability of the system, and providing higher safety and responsiveness for intelligent driving.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the optical signal splitter / combiner includes an optical splitter and an optical combiner.

[0045] An optical splitter is a device used to distribute an input optical signal to multiple output ports. Its function is to distribute the optical signal from a light source to multiple output channels according to a specific ratio or distribution rule. Optical splitters are typically used in scenarios where a single optical signal needs to be sent simultaneously to multiple different optical components or systems. An optical combiner, the opposite of an optical splitter, is used to combine multiple optical signals into a single signal. In communication systems, an optical combiner aggregates signals from multiple different optical paths into a single composite signal for subsequent processing and transmission. The combined use of optical splitters and combiners enables fiber-optic communication and sensing systems to efficiently transmit multiple signals over a single optical link, providing powerful data support and high-precision sensing capabilities for intelligent driving systems.

[0046] In a possible implementation, all connections between the vehicle domain, the coupler, the isolator, the light source, and the optical signal splitter / combiner are through an optical fiber branch network.

[0047] A fiber-optic branch network is a network architecture that connects multiple devices or components via optical fiber, distributing signals to different nodes. It distributes signals from a central node to multiple terminals or modules via multiple branch points. It is typically used to efficiently transmit optical signals and ensure connectivity between various system modules. A fiber-optic branch network connects components such as vehicle domains, couplers, isolators, light sources, and optical signal splitters / combiners, ensuring stable data and signal transmission between these components via optical fiber. This connection method offers advantages such as high bandwidth, low latency, and interference resistance.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the connections between the coupler, the spectrometer, the processor, the optical signal splitter, the vehicle domain controller, the first photoelectric converter, the second photoelectric converter, and the vehicle domain actuator are all through a fiber optic backbone network.

[0049] A fiber optic backbone network refers to the main fiber optic lines connecting different devices or modules in a fiber optic communication system. It typically has higher bandwidth and data transmission capabilities, and is responsible for transmitting signals from one primary node to other devices or areas. The backbone network is generally used for high-speed, long-distance signal transmission within the system, ensuring efficient and stable operation. By providing high-bandwidth, low-latency communication channels, the fiber optic backbone network ensures uninterrupted data transmission between components in the system, efficiently supports large-scale real-time data exchange, and improves the stability and responsiveness of intelligent driving systems.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the vehicle domain includes a chassis domain, a power domain, an intelligent driving domain, a body domain, and a cockpit domain.

[0051] The vehicle control domain includes chassis domain controller, power domain controller, intelligent driving domain controller, body domain controller and cockpit domain controller.

[0052] Vehicle domain actuators include chassis domain actuators, power domain actuators, intelligent driving domain actuators, body domain actuators, and cockpit domain actuators.

[0053] It's important to note that the vehicle domain within this system is divided into chassis, powertrain, intelligent driving, body, and cockpit domains, each corresponding to a different control and execution module. Each domain, such as the chassis domain controller and powertrain domain controller, contains independent controllers and actuators, ensuring independent operation and precise control of each functional module. This enables efficient management and real-time response for systems such as intelligent driving, vehicle powertrain, and body control. This domain division enhances the overall flexibility and performance of the system.

[0054] Reference Manual Figure 2 , which shows a flow chart of a photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The present invention also provides a photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia method, which is applied to the above-mentioned photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia system, and the method comprises:

[0056] S1: Send the sensing band signal to the vehicle domain through the light source.

[0057] It should be noted that the sensing band signal generated by the light source is sent to the vehicle domain, starting the transmission of optical fiber sensing data, providing the signal basis for subsequent perception and data processing. This process provides the system with real-time environmental monitoring data.

[0058] S2: Obtain working sensor signals in the vehicle domain.

[0059] It should be noted that the vehicle domain receives sensing band signals sent from light sources through sensor nodes and converts these signals into working sensing signals, which represent the current environmental status or internal conditions of the vehicle and provide real-time perception information for subsequent data analysis and decision-making.

[0060] S3: Analyze the working sensor signal through the spectrometer, obtain the working physical and chemical signals in the vehicle domain, and complete the photoelectric vehicle perception process.

[0061] Specifically, in the sensing direction, that is, the photoelectric vehicle perception process, the light source transmits the sensing working spectrum to the isolator through the optical fiber branch network. After filtering out related interference, it enters the coupler through the optical fiber branch network. The coupler distributes the sensing working light signal to the vehicle's global optical fiber sensing nodes, and perceives the vehicle's working sensing signal in real time. The specific sensing signal obtained is then incorporated into the optical fiber backbone network through the coupler. The sensing signal is propagated in the optical fiber backbone network in the form of a spectrum. Through the optical fiber backbone network, the sensing signal enters the spectrometer, and the sensing signal is analyzed with the actual physical and chemical behavior of the vehicle in the spectrometer. The analyzed signal is converted into a communication signal and enters the optical fiber backbone network again, and then is sent to the processor for processing, and the subsequent data analysis, processing and operation work is carried out.

[0062] It should be noted that the spectrometer analyzes the working sensor signals obtained from the vehicle domain, extracts the physical and chemical change information therein, and converts it into working physical and chemical signals, thereby completing the perception process of the optoelectronic vehicle and helping the system understand the current state and environmental conditions of the vehicle.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the optoelectronic vehicle sensing process is specifically an optoelectronic vehicle sensing process based on a sensing optical fiber, wherein the sensing optical fiber is a sensing optical fiber based on a fiber Bragg grating.

[0064] Among them, the fiber Bragg grating is a structure that creates a periodically changing refractive index in an optical fiber. By periodically changing the refractive index inside the optical fiber, a grating structure is formed. When the optical signal is transmitted through, light of a specific wavelength is reflected back. The reflected wavelength is related to the physical properties of the optical fiber (such as temperature, strain, etc.). By monitoring the changes in the reflected wavelength, physical changes in the environment can be detected. In the optoelectronic vehicle perception process based on fiber Bragg gratings, the sensing optical fiber uses the fiber Bragg grating structure to sense physical changes such as temperature and strain in the vehicle environment. The optical signal is transmitted through the optical fiber. When the environmental conditions change, the reflected wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating will shift. These changes are analyzed by the spectrometer and converted into working physical and chemical signals, ultimately providing real-time vehicle status and environmental perception information to support the decision-making of the intelligent driving system.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the photoelectric automobile sensing process based on the fiber Bragg grating sensing fiber specifically includes temperature sensing, strain sensing, and unified temperature and strain sensing.

[0066] The temperature sensing formula is as follows:

[0067] The strain sensing formula is as follows:

[0068] The unified temperature strain perception formula is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Δλ B =Δλ B1 +Δλ B2

[0071] λ B =2n eff Λ

[0072] Where Δλ B1 Indicates the wavelength change caused by temperature, Δλ B2 represents the wavelength change caused by strain, a represents the fiber Bragg grating diameter, T represents the fiber Bragg grating temperature, ΔT represents the fiber Bragg grating temperature change, (Δn eff ) ep represents the elastic-optic effect caused by thermal expansion, ΔL represents the expansion and contraction of the fiber Bragg grating, Δa represents the change in the fiber Bragg grating diameter, θ represents the partial derivative, Λ represents the fiber Bragg grating pitch, and n eff represents the effective refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating, K ε and K T are the mechanical coefficient and the thermal coefficient of the fiber Bragg grating respectively, and ε is the deformation of the fiber Bragg grating.

[0073] Specifically, this optoelectronic vehicle sensing process utilizes fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing fibers to monitor vehicle status in real time by measuring changes in light wavelength caused by temperature and strain. Temperature sensing measures temperature changes through changes in the refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG), with the reflected wavelength shift proportional to the temperature. Strain sensing uses changes in the expansion and contraction of the fiber to affect the wavelength of the FBG, providing strain information. Unified temperature and strain sensing combines these two technologies, comprehensively considering the effects of temperature and strain to calculate a comprehensive wavelength change. This change can accurately perceive environmental changes and the vehicle's structural status.

[0074] Specifically, is the thermo-optical coefficient of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG), represents the change in effective refractive index caused by the elasto-optic effect, It represents the change in effective refractive index caused by the waveguide effect. Since the waveguide effect has little effect on the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG), it can be ignored.

[0075] Sensing optical fibers also include sensing optical fibers based on Rayleigh scattering, sensing optical fibers based on Brillouin scattering, and sensing optical fibers based on Raman scattering.

[0076] The unified temperature and strain sensing formula of the sensing optical fiber based on Rayleigh scattering is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Where n represents the refractive index of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, λ represents the laser wavelength, and p e represents the effective optical gauge coefficient, α represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, and Δε rl (z) represents the strain change per unit length z of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, ΔT(z) represents the temperature change per unit length z of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, and L represents the measurement length of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering.

[0079] The unified temperature and strain sensing formula of the sensing optical fiber based on Brillouin scattering is as follows:

[0080] Δf B =C T ·ΔT+C ε ·Δε

[0081] Among them, C T represents the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, C ε represents the strain sensitivity coefficient of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, Δε represents the strain change of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, ΔT represents the temperature change of the sensing fiber based on Rayleigh scattering, and Δf B Indicates the frequency offset value.

[0082] The temperature sensing formula of the sensing fiber based on Raman scattering is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, I AS represents the anti-Stokes intensity, I S represents the Stokes intensity, A represents the adjustment constant, h represents the Planck constant, v represents the Raman frequency shift, k represents the Boltzmann constant, and T represents the current temperature.

[0085] Specifically, the process uses different types of fiber scattering technologies (Rayleigh scattering, Brillouin scattering, and Raman scattering) to monitor temperature and strain in real time. Rayleigh scattering-based optical fiber calculates the combined effect of temperature and strain by measuring the strain change and temperature change within a unit length. Parameters such as the refractive index, gauge coefficient, and thermal expansion coefficient in the formula affect the final wavelength change. Brillouin scattering-based optical fiber converts changes in temperature and strain into frequency changes (Δf_B) through its temperature and strain sensitivity coefficients, which are used to detect changes in the external environment. Raman scattering-based optical fiber calculates temperature by analyzing the ratio of Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensities, and provides high-precision temperature perception through the relationship between Raman frequency shift and temperature. The combination of these fiber optic sensing technologies enables vehicles to monitor temperature and strain in real time, improving the environmental perception capabilities of autonomous driving.

[0086] In a possible implementation, after S3 and before S4, the process further includes:

[0087] Preprocessing is performed on the working physical and chemical signals, wherein the preprocessing includes protocol encapsulation, data compression and frame check.

[0088] It's important to note that preprocessing the working physical and chemical signals ensures efficient data transmission and processing. This preprocessing process includes protocol encapsulation, data compression to reduce bandwidth usage, and frame checking to ensure data integrity and accuracy, thereby improving communication reliability and efficiency.

[0089] S4: Transmit the working physical and chemical signals to the processor to form working communication signals.

[0090] S5: Distribute the working communication signal to the vehicle domain controller through the optical signal splitter.

[0091] Specifically, to address the complex in-vehicle network topology, an optical signal splitter, or optical combiner / splitter module, was designed for signal distribution and scheduling, ensuring communication signals reach the correct domain controllers, actuators, and other devices. Data frame priority control ensures the real-time delivery of critical control signals. Relay amplification, when necessary, compensates for signal attenuation during transmission.

[0092] S6: The vehicle domain controller analyzes the working communication signal and outputs the control signal.

[0093] S7: Convert the control signal into a control light signal through the first photoelectric converter.

[0094] Specifically, the electro-optical conversion process involves inputting a pre-processed electrical signal into the optical transmitter module, where it is modulated into an optical signal by the internal light source device. Common modulation devices include light-emitting diodes (LEDs): suitable for cost-sensitive scenarios and adapted to low-speed fiber-optic communications. Laser diodes (LDs): have high modulation bandwidth and are suitable for high-speed and large-bandwidth communication requirements. Modulation methods include non-return-to-zero code on-off keying, pulse amplitude modulation, and higher-order modulation technologies to achieve efficient bandwidth utilization.

[0095] S8: Convert the control optical signal into a control electrical signal through the second photoelectric converter.

[0096] Specifically, the optical-to-electrical conversion process is that the received optical signal is optically-to-electrically converted by a photodetector (PIN photodiode or APD) in the optical receiving module, and the output is restored to a digital electrical signal.

[0097] S9: Control the vehicle domain actuators by controlling the electrical signals to complete the optoelectronic vehicle communication process.

[0098] Specifically, in the communication direction, i.e., optoelectronic vehicle communication, the light source, under the allocation of the processor, provides the carrier spectrum signal for information transmission in this communication direction. The communication signal emitted by the processor enters the optical splitter / combiner via the optical fiber backbone network. The corresponding communication signal is distributed to the chassis domain controller, power domain controller, intelligent driving domain controller, body domain controller, and cockpit domain controller according to actual conditions. Each domain controller processes the information and converts it into an optical signal via an optoelectronic / electro-optical converter. It is then sent to the optical fiber backbone network. At the receiving end, the optoelectronic / electro-optical converter converts it into an electrical signal to control the chassis domain actuator, power domain actuator, intelligent driving domain actuator, body domain actuator, and cockpit domain actuator respectively. In turn, the operating status of each actuator is similarly returned to the processor for processing, forming a closed communication loop.

[0099] In a possible implementation manner, after S9, the method further includes:

[0100] Collect the execution status signals of vehicle domain actuators.

[0101] The execution state electrical signal is converted into an execution state optical signal by the second photoelectric signal.

[0102] The execution state optical signal is converted into an execution state signal by the first photoelectric signal.

[0103] The execution status signal is sent to the vehicle domain controller for analysis to obtain the execution status communication signal.

[0104] The execution status communication signals are combined through an optical signal splitter and combiner.

[0105] The combined execution status communication signal is sent to the processor for processing, completing the inverse communication process.

[0106] Specifically, the system further implements control feedback by collecting execution status signals from vehicle-domain actuators. First, the execution status electrical signal is converted into an execution status optical signal by a second photoelectric converter. The optical signal is then converted back into an electrical signal by a first photoelectric converter. The execution status signal is then sent to the vehicle-domain controller for analysis, generating an execution status communication signal. This signal is combined by an optical signal splitter / combiner and ultimately sent to the processor for processing, completing the reverse communication process. This process ensures real-time feedback of the vehicle actuator's operating status to the system, maintaining the accuracy and real-time performance of closed-loop control and enhancing the system's intelligent responsiveness.

[0107] In practical application, this integrated optoelectronic-vehicle synaesthesia method generates sensing band signals through a light source and transmits them to the vehicle domain. After acquiring the working sensing signals, they are analyzed by a spectrometer to obtain the working physical and chemical signals, completing the perception process. The physical and chemical signals are then transmitted to a processor, generating communication signals that are distributed to the vehicle controller via an optical signal splitter / combiner. The controller analyzes the signals and outputs control signals, which are converted into electrical signals via a photoelectric converter. Ultimately, these control actuators execute the corresponding operations, achieving control feedback for intelligent driving. The advantage of this process lies in the high-bandwidth, low-latency, and interference-resistant signal transmission provided by the combination of optical fiber communication and sensing. This ensures efficient vehicle perception, real-time response, and precise control, enhancing the safety and performance of autonomous driving.

[0108] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0109] In an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated optoelectronic vehicle intersensing system combines fiber-optic communication with fiber-optic sensing technology, utilizing components such as the light source, processor, isolator, and coupler in the system to overcome the bandwidth, electromagnetic interference, and signal attenuation issues in traditional electrical signal transmission. The system uses a processor to divide the laser frequency into a communication band and a sensing band, ensuring that the communication signal and the sensing signal are transmitted in parallel on the same optical fiber without interference. The combination of the spectrometer and the coupler can demodulate the sensing signal in real time and obtain the vehicle's operating status, thereby improving the vehicle's perception accuracy and response speed to environmental changes. Furthermore, the role of the photoelectric converter ensures that communication and control signals can be efficiently converted and executed, improving the real-time performance and stability of the system, and providing higher safety and responsiveness for intelligent driving.

[0110] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired method (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage system such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0111] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0112] In this disclosure, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0113] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0115] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0116] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0117] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0118] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0119] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer system (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network system, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0120] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0121] There are a few points to note:

[0122] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0123] (2) For the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers or regions in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention are exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn to scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.

[0124] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to form new embodiments.

[0125] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia system, characterized in that: include: A light source, a processor, an isolator, a coupler, a vehicle domain, a spectrometer, an optical signal splitter / combiner, a vehicle domain controller, a first photoelectric converter, a second photoelectric converter, and a vehicle domain actuator; The vehicle domain is connected to the vehicle domain actuator through the coupler, the isolator, the light source, the processor, the optical signal splitter / combiner, the vehicle domain controller, the first photoelectric converter, and the second photoelectric converter in sequence; The processor is connected to the light source, and is used to divide the frequency of the laser light emitted by the light source to obtain a communication band signal for communication and a sensing band signal for sensing; The spectrometer is connected to the coupler and the processor respectively, wherein the spectrometer is used to demodulate the sensing band signal, and the coupler is used to distribute and collect the sensing band signal of the vehicle domain.

2. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical signal splitter and combiner includes an optical splitter and an optical combiner.

3. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connections among the vehicle domain, the coupler, the isolator, the light source and the optical signal splitter / combiner are all through an optical fiber branch network.

4. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connections between the coupler, the spectrometer, the processor, the optical signal splitter, the vehicle domain controller, the first photoelectric converter, the second photoelectric converter and the vehicle domain actuator are all through a fiber optic backbone network.

5. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle domain includes chassis domain, power domain, intelligent driving domain, body domain and cockpit domain; The vehicle control domain includes a chassis domain controller, a power domain controller, an intelligent driving domain controller, a body domain controller and a cockpit domain controller; The vehicle domain actuators include chassis domain actuators, power domain actuators, intelligent driving domain actuators, body domain actuators and cockpit domain actuators.

6. A photoelectric vehicle integrated synaesthesia method, characterized in that: The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises: S1: sending the sensing band signal to the vehicle domain via the light source; S2: Acquire a working sensor signal of the vehicle domain; S3: Analyzing the working sensor signal through the spectrometer to obtain the working physical and chemical signals of the vehicle domain, thereby completing the photoelectric vehicle perception process; S4: transmitting the working physical and chemical signal to the processor to form a working communication signal; S5: Distributing the working communication signal to the vehicle domain controller through the optical signal splitter; S6: parsing the working communication signal through the vehicle domain controller and outputting a control signal; S7: converting the control signal into a control light signal through the first photoelectric converter; S8: converting the control optical signal into a control electrical signal through the second photoelectric converter; S9: Control the vehicle domain actuator through the control electrical signal to complete the optoelectronic vehicle communication process.

7. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The photoelectric automobile perception process is specifically a photoelectric automobile perception process based on a sensing optical fiber, wherein the sensing optical fiber is a sensing optical fiber based on a fiber Bragg grating.

8. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photoelectric automobile sensing process based on the fiber Bragg grating sensing fiber specifically includes temperature sensing, strain sensing and unified temperature and strain sensing; The temperature sensing formula is as follows: The strain sensing formula is as follows: The unified temperature strain perception formula is as follows: Dl B =Dl B1 +Dl B2 l B =2n eff L Where Δλ B1 Indicates the wavelength change caused by temperature, Δλ B2 represents the wavelength change caused by strain, a represents the fiber Bragg grating diameter, T represents the fiber Bragg grating temperature, ΔT represents the fiber Bragg grating temperature change, (Δn eff ) ep represents the elastic-optic effect caused by thermal expansion, ΔL represents the expansion and contraction of the fiber Bragg grating, and Δa represents the change in the diameter of the fiber Bragg grating. represents the partial derivative, Λ represents the fiber Bragg grating pitch, n eff represents the effective refractive index of the fiber Bragg grating, K ε and K T are the mechanical coefficient and the thermal coefficient of the fiber Bragg grating respectively, and ε is the deformation of the fiber Bragg grating.

9. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After S9, the following steps are also included: collecting an execution status signal of the vehicle domain actuator; converting the execution state electrical signal into an execution state optical signal through the second photoelectric signal; converting the execution state optical signal into an execution state signal through the first photoelectric signal; Sending the execution status signal to the vehicle domain controller for parsing to obtain an execution status communication signal; Combining the execution status communication signals through the optical signal splitter and combiner; The combined execution status communication signal is sent to the processor for processing, completing the inverse communication process.

10. The optoelectronic vehicle integrated synaesthesia method according to claim 5, characterized in that: After S3 and before S4, the method further includes: The working physical and chemical signals are preprocessed, wherein the preprocessing includes protocol encapsulation, data compression and frame checking.

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