Electric quick grain discharging device of grain dryer and intelligent control method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of grain drying equipment, in particular to a grain dryer electric quick grain discharging device and an intelligent control method, which comprises a grain storage bin, a grain distributing assembly, a conveying assembly and an intelligent control unit. The grain distributing assembly realizes flexible grain discharging through a rotating disc and an adjusting ring, the conveying assembly adopts a conveying belt with convex strips to prevent grain sliding, and the intelligent control unit dynamically adjusts the grain discharging speed and flow in combination with multi-sensor data and a fuzzy logic algorithm. Through structure optimization and intelligent control, the grain discharging efficiency, stability and adaptability are remarkably improved, the problems of unstable flow and low intelligence degree in the prior art are solved, and reliable technical support is provided for modern agricultural production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery automation and intelligent control technology, specifically to a grain dryer electric rapid grain discharging device and intelligent control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Grains need to be dried before being stored in bulk after harvesting to remove moisture from the grains and ensure their storage duration and quality.

[0003] Grain drying equipment is the existing equipment, and its working process is mostly to detect the moisture content of the grain by a humidity measuring instrument, and to start the power component to realize automatic grain discharge when the set value is reached, thereby reducing manual intervention and improving production efficiency. In addition, some devices set mechanical components outside the box, which slows down mechanical wear and improves reliability. However, the existing technology relies on a single humidity detection as a trigger condition, lacks dynamic adjustment function for grain discharge speed and flow, and may have unstable flow or clogging in actual application. At the same time, its control method is relatively simple, and the intelligent degree is limited, and it is difficult to flexibly adjust the grain discharge rhythm according to the actual production demand.

[0004] The multifunctional rice drying and storage system can realize cleaning, drying, short-term mildew prevention, storage, warehouse transfer and rapid release, and the system components have multiple purposes, compact structure and investment saving. However, the design of the grain discharge link of this technical solution is still relatively traditional, mainly relying on electric gates and conveying devices for grain discharge operation, without involving intelligent flow control and rapid response mechanism. This may result in low grain discharge efficiency during large-scale continuous operation, and may affect the overall production progress due to human intervention or improper equipment coordination.

[0005] The above problems show that the existing grain dryer automatic grain discharge device has certain limitations in rapid grain discharge capacity, intelligent control level and ability to adapt to complex working conditions. Therefore, the present application provides a grain dryer electric rapid grain discharge device and intelligent control method, aiming to realize the efficiency, stability and intelligence of the grain discharge process to meet the higher requirements of modern agricultural production for precision and automation. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the existing grain dryer grain discharge device in rapid grain discharge capacity and intelligent control level, the present application provides a grain dryer electric rapid grain discharge device and intelligent control method. The device optimizes the structure design and introduces a self-adaptive control algorithm, significantly improves the grain discharge efficiency and stability, and realizes dynamic adjustment of the grain discharge flow.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0008] The grain dryer electric quick grain discharging device comprises a grain storage bin, a grain distribution assembly, a conveying assembly and an intelligent control unit. The bottom of the grain storage bin is provided with a plurality of through grain discharging openings, and a grain distribution assembly is installed below each grain discharging opening. The grain distribution assembly comprises a rotating disc and a driving mechanism, the center of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the driving mechanism, and a plurality of distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotating disc. The conveying assembly comprises a conveying belt arranged below the grain distribution assembly, and a driving wheel and a driven wheel are respectively arranged at the two ends of the conveying belt. The driving wheel is driven by a motor. The intelligent control unit comprises a data acquisition module, an operation module and an execution module. The data acquisition module is used for real-time detection of the grain height, humidity in the grain storage bin and the grain flow on the conveying belt. The operation module calculates the optimal values of the grain discharging speed and flow according to the detection data. The execution module adjusts the rotating speed of the driving mechanism and the speed of the conveying belt according to the operation result.

[0009] Preferably, the grain distribution assembly further comprises an adjusting ring, the adjusting ring is sleeved outside the rotating disc and is relatively fixed with the rotating disc through a threaded connection, a window corresponding to the distribution hole of the rotating disc is formed in the adjusting ring, and the size of the window can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring, so that the grain discharging amount each time is changed.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a stepping motor and a speed reducer, the output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer through a shaft coupling, the output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the center of the rotating disc, and the shell of the speed reducer is fixed to the bottom of the grain storage bin through bolts.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of protruding strips are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt, the protruding strips are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the conveying belt, a groove for accommodating grain is formed between adjacent two protruding strips, and the groove depth is adjusted by replacing the protruding strips with different heights (three gears of 5mm / 10mm / 15mm are optional).

[0012] Preferably, the intelligent control unit further comprises a feedback module, the feedback module is installed at the end of the conveying belt and is used for detecting the actual output grain flow and comparing the actual output grain flow with the target value calculated by the operation module, when the deviation between the actual output grain flow and the target value exceeds a set threshold, the feedback module sends a signal to the operation module, the operation module re-calculates and adjusts the speed of the driving mechanism and the conveying belt.

[0013] Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a laser ranging sensor, a humidity sensor and a photoelectric counter, the laser ranging sensor is installed at the top of the grain storage bin and is used for detecting the change of the grain height, the humidity sensor is installed on the side wall of the grain storage bin and is used for real-time monitoring of the grain humidity, and the photoelectric counter is installed above the conveying belt and is used for counting the number of grains on the conveying belt per unit time.

[0014] Preferably, the operation module adopts an adaptive algorithm based on fuzzy logic, and the core formula is as follows:

[0015] Vr = aH + bW - gF

[0016] Wherein, V r represents the target rotating disc speed, H represents the grain height in the grain storage, W represents the grain humidity, F represents the current grain flow on the conveying belt, a, b and g are weight coefficients, the weight coefficients are optimized online by gradient descent method, and initial values are set as a = 0.6 ± 0.1, b = 0.3 ± 0.1 and g = 0.1 ± 0.05.

[0017] Preferably, the execution module comprises two independent controllers, the first controller is used for controlling the rotating speed of the stepping motor, and the second controller is used for adjusting the operating frequency of the conveying belt motor, the two controllers realize data interaction through a CAN bus communication protocol, adopt a CAN 2.0B protocol, and the communication rate is set as 250 kbit / s.

[0018] Preferably, the intelligent control unit further comprises a display panel, the display panel is installed on the outside of the grain storage, and is used for displaying the grain height, humidity, conveying belt flow and rotating disc speed and the like in the grain storage in real time, and supporting manual input of a target flow value.

[0019] The intelligent control method of the electric rapid grain discharging device of the grain dryer comprises the following steps:

[0020] 1. The data acquisition module detects the grain height, humidity and conveying belt flow in the grain storage in real time, and transmits data to the operation module;

[0021] 2. The operation module calculates the target rotating disc speed and the target conveying belt speed according to the received data and in combination with an adaptive algorithm;

[0022] 3. The execution module adjusts the operating parameters of the stepping motor and the conveying belt motor according to the output result of the operation module;

[0023] 4. The feedback module detects the actual output grain flow, and compares the actual output grain flow with the target value, when the deviation exceeds a set threshold value, the operation module is triggered to recalculate and adjust the operating parameters;

[0024] 5. The display panel updates various parameters in real time, and allows an operator to manually adjust the target flow value according to actual requirements.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] By the segmented design concept, the grain discharging process is divided into three independent but interrelated links: grain storage, grain distribution, and grain conveying. Each link can be individually maintained or replaced. After 100 hours of continuous operation test, the segmented structure shortens the average maintenance time from 45 minutes of traditional structure to 12 minutes, significantly reducing the overall failure rate of the device. At the same time, the introduction of the adjustment ring allows the grain discharging amount to be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, meeting the use requirements in different scenarios.

[0027] The introduction of the intelligent control unit solves the problem of relying on a single condition trigger in traditional devices. Through multi-sensor data fusion and fuzzy logic algorithm, dynamic adjustment of the grain discharging speed and flow is achieved. This design not only improves the stability and accuracy of the grain discharging process, but also automatically adjusts the operating parameters according to the changes in grain humidity and storage height, avoiding the efficiency reduction caused by human intervention.

[0028] In addition, the design of the raised strips on the surface of the conveying belt effectively prevents the sliding or accumulation of grain during conveying, ensuring the continuity of the grain discharging process. The addition of the feedback module further enhances the adaptive ability of the system. When the actual flow deviates from the target value, the system can quickly respond and adjust the operating state, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the overall operation.

[0029] In summary, the present application combines structural optimization and intelligent control means to significantly improve the performance of the grain dryer grain discharging device, solving the problems of unstable flow, low intelligence level, and poor adaptability in existing technologies, and providing reliable technical support for modern agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric fast grain discharging device of the grain dryer of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of the grain distribution assembly;

[0032] Figure 3 Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying assembly.

[0033] Figure 4 Figure 6 is a working principle diagram of the intelligent control unit.

[0034] Figure 5 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow dividing hole and the window.

[0035] The reference signs are as follows:

[0036] 1, grain storage bin; 2, grain discharging port; 3, rotating disc; 4, driving mechanism; 5, adjustment ring; 6, flow dividing hole; 7, conveying belt; 8, driving wheel; 9, driven wheel; 10, raised strip; 16, window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] This invention provides an electric rapid grain discharging device for a grain dryer and an intelligent control method, the structure and operating principle of which are described in the attached diagram. Figures 1 to 5 A detailed description is provided below. Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a grain storage bin 1, a grain distributing component, a conveying component, and an intelligent control unit. The grain storage bin 1 is the main part of the overall structure, with multiple through-holes 2 at its bottom. A grain distributing component is installed below each grain distributing hole 2. The core components of the grain distributing component are a rotating disk 3 and a drive mechanism 4. The center of the rotating disk 3 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive mechanism 4, and several diversion holes 6 are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating disk 3. The grain distributing component also includes an adjusting ring 5, which is sleeved on the outside of the rotating disk 3 and fixed relative to the rotating disk 3 by a threaded connection. The adjusting ring 5 has windows 16 corresponding to the diversion holes 6 of the rotating disk 3. The size of the windows 16 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring 5, thereby changing the amount of grain dispensed each time. The conveying component is located below the grain distributing component and includes a conveyor belt 7, a drive wheel 8, and a driven wheel 9. The drive wheel 8 and driven wheel 9 are respectively installed at both ends of the conveyor belt 7, and the drive wheel 8 is driven by a motor. The surface of the conveyor belt 7 is provided with several raised strips 10, which are evenly distributed along the length of the conveyor belt 7. A trough for accommodating grain is formed between two adjacent raised strips 10. The depth and width of the trough are adjustable to adapt to the conveying needs of different types of grain. The intelligent control unit includes a data acquisition module, a calculation module, an execution module, a feedback module, and a display panel. The modules are connected and work together via signal lines.

[0039] In the actual assembly process, a laser rangefinder sensor is installed on the top of grain storage silo 1 to detect changes in grain height inside silo 1; a humidity sensor is installed on the side wall of grain storage silo 1 to monitor grain humidity in real time; and a photoelectric counter is installed above conveyor belt 7 to count the amount of grain on conveyor belt 7 per unit time. These sensors together form a data acquisition module, which transmits the acquired data to the calculation module. The calculation module uses an adaptive algorithm based on fuzzy logic, the core formula of which is:

[0040] V r =αH+βW-γF

[0041] Among them, V rThe target rotating disc speed is represented by ω, the grain height in the storage bin is represented by H, the grain humidity is represented by W, the current grain flow on the conveying belt is represented by F, and the weight coefficients are represented by α, β and γ. The weight coefficients are optimized online by the gradient descent method, and the initial values are set as α = 0.6 ± 0.1, β = 0.3 ± 0.1 and γ = 0.1 ± 0.05. The fuzzy set of the height H is defined as (low, medium, high), and the domain [0, 5m] is defined. The fuzzy set of the humidity W is defined as (dry, moderate, humid), and the domain [12%, 25%] is defined. The operation module calculates the target rotating disc speed and the target speed of the conveying belt 7 according to the received data, and sends the results to the execution module. The execution module includes two independent controllers. The first controller is used to control the speed of the stepping motor, and the second controller is used to adjust the operating frequency of the motor of the conveying belt 7. The two controllers realize data interaction through the CAN bus communication protocol, adopt the CAN 2.0B protocol, and the communication rate is set as 250kbit / s. The feedback module is installed at the end of the conveying belt 7, which is used to detect the actual output grain flow and compare it with the target value calculated by the operation module. When the absolute value of the flow deviation is > 15% and the duration is ≥ 30s, the feedback module sends a signal to the operation module, and the operation module recalculates and adjusts the speed of the driving mechanism 4 and the conveying belt 7. The display panel is installed on the outside of the storage bin 1, which is used to display the grain height, humidity, conveying belt 7 flow and rotating disc 3 speed in the storage bin 1 in real time, and supports manual input of target flow value.

[0042] Through experiments (samples: three main grains of wheat, corn and rice, each with 30 repeated tests), the weight coefficient optimization is based on the following:

[0043]

[0044] The initial values of α = 0.6 ± 0.1, β = 0.3 ± 0.1 and γ = 0.1 ± 0.05 can cover more than 90% of the working conditions. After online optimization by the gradient descent method, the system response time is ≤ 1.2s, and the flow control accuracy is ± 5% (GB / T26887-2011 standard)

[0045] As shown in Figure 2 , the partial enlarged view of the grain distribution assembly shows the structure design of the rotating disc 3, the adjusting ring 5 and the flow distribution hole 6 in detail. The number and size of the flow distribution holes 6 uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotating disc 3 can be customized according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different grain types and grain discharge amounts. The adjusting ring 5 is connected with the rotating disc 3 through a threaded connection. When the adjusting ring 5 is rotated, the overlapping area of the window 16 and the flow distribution hole 6 changes, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the grain discharge amount each time. The design of the adjusting ring 5 enables the operator to manually adjust the grain discharge amount according to the grain type or actual needs, thereby improving the adaptability of the device.

[0046] Figure 3The structural diagram of the conveying assembly is shown, focusing on the design features of the conveying belt 7 and its surface protruding strips 10. The protruding strips 10 on the surface of the conveying belt 7 are evenly distributed along the length direction, and the depth and width of the groove formed between two adjacent protruding strips 10 can be changed by adjusting the height and spacing of the protruding strips 10. This design effectively prevents the sliding or accumulation of grain during transportation, ensuring the continuity and stability of the grain discharge process.

[0047] Figure 4 The working principle diagram of the intelligent control unit is shown, describing the connection relationship between the data acquisition module, operation module, execution module and feedback module. The data acquisition module collects the data of the grain height, humidity and grain flow on the conveying belt 7 in the grain storage warehouse 1 in real time through the laser ranging sensor, humidity sensor and photoelectric counter, and transmits the data to the operation module. The operation module calculates the target rotating speed of the rotating disc 3 and the target speed of the conveying belt 7 according to the received data combined with the adaptive algorithm, and sends the results to the execution module. The execution module adjusts the operating parameters of the step motor and the conveying belt 7 motor according to the output results of the operation module. The feedback module detects the actual output grain flow and compares it with the target value calculated by the operation module. When the deviation exceeds the set threshold, the operation module is triggered to recalculate and adjust the operating parameters.

[0048] Figure 5 The independent structural diagram of the adjusting ring 5 is shown, showing the size adjustment principle of the window 16 and its cooperation mode with the rotating disc 3. The adjusting ring 5 is connected with the rotating disc 3 through screw connection, and the overlapping area of the window 16 and the shunt hole 6 changes when the adjusting ring 5 is rotated, so as to realize flexible adjustment of the grain discharge amount each time. The design of the adjusting ring 5 enables the operator to manually adjust the grain discharge amount according to the type of grain or actual demand, further improving the adaptability of the device.

[0049] In practical application, the operation process of the present application is as follows: first, the grain in the grain storage bin 1 enters the grain distribution assembly through the grain discharge port 2, the rotating disc 3 in the grain distribution assembly rotates under the driving of the driving mechanism 4, and the grain is uniformly distributed to the conveying belt 7 through the distribution hole 6. The conveying belt 7 is driven by the driving wheel 8 and the driven wheel 9, and the grain is conveyed along the groove on the surface of the conveying belt 7 to the next process. In this process, the data acquisition module detects the grain height, humidity in the grain storage bin 1 and the grain flow on the conveying belt 7 in real time, and transmits the data to the operation module. The operation module calculates the target rotating speed of the rotating disc 3 and the target speed of the conveying belt 7 according to the received data combined with the adaptive algorithm, and sends the results to the execution module. The execution module adjusts the operating parameters of the step motor and the motor of the conveying belt 7 according to the output results of the operation module. The feedback module detects the actual output grain flow and compares it with the target value calculated by the operation module. When the deviation exceeds the set threshold, the operation module is triggered to recalculate and adjust the operating parameters. The display panel updates the parameters in real time and allows the operator to manually adjust the target flow value according to the actual demand.

[0050] In the northeast corn drying base (environmental temperature -15℃~25℃, humidity 40%~85%), continuous operation test: target flow 10 tons / hour, actual fluctuation range 9.52~10.48 tons / hour (deviation ≤±4.8%); high-moisture grain (W=23%), working condition: flow automatically reduced to 7.2 tons / hour, no blockage occurred;

[0051] The system response overshoot is less than 6%, which meets the JB / T 10268-2013 grain machinery control standard.

[0052] The present application divides the grain discharge process into three independent but interrelated links of grain storage, grain distribution and conveying through the segmented design concept. Each link can be individually maintained or replaced, which significantly reduces the overall failure rate of the device. The introduction of the adjusting ring 5 allows the grain discharge amount to be flexibly adjusted according to actual demand, meeting the use requirements in different scenarios. The introduction of the intelligent control unit solves the problem of relying on a single condition trigger in traditional devices, and realizes dynamic adjustment of the grain discharge speed and flow through multi-sensor data fusion and fuzzy logic algorithm. This design not only improves the stability and accuracy of the grain discharge process, but also automatically adjusts the operating parameters according to the changes in grain humidity and grain storage height, avoiding the efficiency reduction caused by human intervention. The design of the protruding strips 10 on the surface of the conveying belt 7 effectively prevents the grain from sliding or accumulating during conveying, ensuring the continuity of the grain discharge process. The addition of the feedback module further enhances the adaptive ability of the system. When the actual flow deviates from the target value, the system can quickly respond and adjust the operating state, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the overall operation.

[0053] In order to better enable the relevant personnel in the technical field to fully understand and implement the present application, the specific implementation principles of the present application are further described below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0054] Firstly, when the grain in the grain storage bin 1 enters the grain distribution assembly through the grain outlet 2, the driving mechanism 4 drives the rotating disc 3 to rotate at a certain speed, and the grain falls from the grain outlet 2 at the bottom of the grain storage bin 1 into the distribution holes 6 on the surface of the rotating disc 3. The number and size of the distribution holes 6 are customized according to actual requirements and can meet the uniform distribution requirements of different types of grain. At the same time, the adjusting ring 5 is matched with the rotating disc 3 through a threaded connection, and the overlapping area of the window 16 and the distribution hole 6 can be manually adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring 5, thereby changing the amount of grain each time. This design enables the operator to flexibly adjust the amount of grain according to different types of grain or actual production requirements, significantly improving the adaptability of the device.

[0055] Secondly, after the grain passes through the distribution holes 6, it is uniformly distributed onto the conveying belt 7, which is driven to run by the driving wheel 8 and the driven wheel 9. The conveying belt 7 is provided with a plurality of protruding strips 10, which are evenly distributed along the length direction of the conveying belt 7, and a groove for accommodating grain is formed between adjacent two protruding strips 10. The depth and width of the groove can be adjusted according to different types of grain, thereby effectively preventing the grain from sliding or accumulating during the conveying process, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the grain distribution process.

[0056] In this process, the data acquisition module detects the grain height, humidity in the grain storage bin 1 and the grain flow on the conveying belt 7 in real time. The laser ranging sensor is installed on the top of the grain storage bin 1 for detecting the change of the grain height in the grain storage bin 1; the humidity sensor is installed on the side wall of the grain storage bin 1 for monitoring the grain humidity in real time; and the photoelectric counter is installed above the conveying belt 7 for counting the number of grains on the conveying belt 7 per unit time. These sensors transmit the collected data to the operation module. The operation module adopts an adaptive algorithm based on fuzzy logic, and its core formula is:

[0057] V r =αH+βW-γF

[0058] wherein V r represents the target rotating speed of the rotating disc, H represents the grain height in the grain storage bin, W represents the grain humidity, F represents the current grain flow on the conveying belt, and α, β and γ are weight coefficients, which are optimized online by the gradient descent method, and the initial values are set as α = 0.6 ± 0.1, β = 0.3 ± 0.1 and γ = 0.1 ± 0.05. The operation module calculates the target rotating speed of the rotating disc 3 and the target speed of the conveying belt 7 according to the received data and sends the results to the execution module, and the delay from parameter change to execution adjustment is less than 0.5s.

[0059] The execution module includes two independent controllers, the first controller is used for controlling the rotating speed of the stepper motor, and the second controller is used for adjusting the operating frequency of the motor of the conveying belt 7. The two controllers realize data interaction through a CAN bus communication protocol, and respectively adjust the operating parameters of the driving mechanism 4 and the motor of the conveying belt 7. The feedback module is installed at the end of the conveying belt 7, and is used for detecting the actual output grain flow, and comparing with the target value calculated by the operation module. When the deviation between the two exceeds the set threshold value, the feedback module sends a signal to the operation module, and the operation module re-calculates and adjusts the speed of the driving mechanism 4 and the conveying belt 7. The display panel is installed on the outside of the grain storage bin 1, and is used for displaying the grain height, humidity, conveying belt 7 flow and rotating disc 3 rotating speed and other parameters in the grain storage bin 1 in real time, and supporting the operating personnel to manually adjust the target flow value according to the actual demand.

[0060] In addition, the design of the adjusting ring 5 enables the overlapping area of the window 16 and the shunt hole 6 to change when the adjusting ring 5 is rotated, and the window area changes by 0.8% for every 1° of rotation. The introduction of this mechanical structure not only realizes flexible adjustment of the grain discharge amount each time, but also significantly improves the applicability of the device in different scenarios. For example, when processing high-humidity grain, the grain discharge amount each time can be reduced by reducing the area of the window 16, thereby avoiding the problem of blockage caused by too high humidity. When processing dry grain, the area of the window 16 can be appropriately increased to improve the grain discharge efficiency; when processing corn with a water content of >18%, the window area is adjusted to 40% of the shunt hole area, and compared with the unadjusted state (window area 100%), the blockage rate decreases from 32% to 5%.

[0061] Finally, the intelligent control unit realizes dynamic adjustment of the grain discharge speed and flow through multi-sensor data fusion and fuzzy logic algorithm. When the grain height in the grain storage bin 1 decreases, the humidity changes or the conveying belt 7 flow fluctuates, the system can automatically adjust the operating parameters according to the real-time data to ensure the stability and accuracy of the grain discharge process. At the same time, the addition of the feedback module further enhances the adaptive ability of the system. When the actual flow deviates from the target value, the system can quickly respond and adjust the operating state, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the overall operation.

[0062] In summary, the present application optimizes the structural design and introduces intelligent control means, which significantly improves the performance of the grain discharge device of the grain dryer, solves the problems of unstable flow, low intelligence and poor adaptability in the prior art, and provides reliable technical support for modern agricultural production.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grain dryer electric quick grain discharging device, comprising a grain storage bin (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the grain storage warehouse (1) is provided with a plurality of through grain discharge openings (2), and each grain discharge opening (2) is provided below with a grain distribution assembly, which comprises a rotating disc (3) and a driving mechanism (4), the center of the rotating disc (3) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the driving mechanism (4), and a plurality of distribution holes (6) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotating disc (3); A conveying assembly is arranged below the grain distribution assembly, the conveying assembly comprises a conveying belt (7), a driving wheel (8) and a driven wheel (9), the two ends of the conveying belt (7) are respectively provided with the driving wheel (8) and the driven wheel (9), and the driving wheel (8) is driven by a motor. It also comprises an intelligent control unit, the intelligent control unit comprises a data acquisition module, an operation module, an execution module and a feedback module, the data acquisition module is used for detecting the height, humidity of grain in the grain storage warehouse (1) and the flow of grain on the conveying belt (7), the operation module calculates the optimal value of the grain discharge speed and flow according to the detection data, the execution module adjusts the rotating speed of the driving mechanism (4) and the speed of the conveying belt (7) according to the operation result, and the feedback module is used for detecting the actual output flow of grain and comparing with the target value. The data acquisition module comprises a laser ranging sensor, a humidity sensor and a photoelectric counter, the laser ranging sensor is installed on the top of the grain storage warehouse (1) and is used for detecting the height change of grain, the humidity sensor is installed on the side wall of the grain storage warehouse (1) and is used for monitoring the humidity of grain in real time, and the photoelectric counter is installed above the conveying belt (7) and is used for counting the number of grains on the conveying belt (7) in unit time. The operation module adopts a self-adaptive algorithm based on fuzzy logic, and the core formula is: ； wherein, V r represents the target rotating disc speed, H represents the grain height in the storage warehouse, W represents the grain humidity, F represents the current grain flow on the conveying belt, and a, β, and γ are weight coefficients, the weight coefficients are optimized online by the gradient descent method, and the initial values are set as a = 0.6 ± 0.1, β = 0.3 ± 0.1, and γ = 0.1 ± 0.

05. The execution module comprises two independent controllers, a first controller is used for controlling the rotating speed of the stepping motor, and a second controller is used for adjusting the operating frequency of the motor of the conveying belt (7), the two controllers realize data interaction through a CAN bus communication protocol, adopt a CAN 2.0B protocol, and the communication rate is set to 250kbit / s.

2. The grain dryer electric quick grain unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain distribution assembly further comprises an adjusting ring (5), the adjusting ring (5) is sleeved outside the rotating disc (3) and is relatively fixed with the rotating disc (3) through a threaded connection mode, a window (16) corresponding to the distribution hole (6) of the rotating disc (3) is formed in the adjusting ring (5), the size of the window (16) can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring (5), and a scale mark is arranged outside the adjusting ring (5), and each scale corresponds to a 10% area change of the window (16).

3. The grain dryer electric quick grain unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a stepping motor and a speed reducer, the output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer through a shaft coupling, the output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the center position of the rotating disc (3), and the shell of the speed reducer is fixed to the bottom of the grain storage warehouse (1) through bolts.

4. The grain dryer electric quick grain unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of convex strips (10) are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt (7), the convex strips (10) are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the conveying belt (7), a groove for accommodating grain is formed between adjacent two convex strips (10), and the groove depth can be adjusted by replacing the convex strips with different heights.

5. The grain dryer electric quick grain unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit further comprises a display panel installed on the outside of the grain storage bin (1) for displaying the grain height, humidity, conveying belt (7) flow and rotating disc (3) rotating speed parameters in the grain storage bin (1) in real time and supporting manual input of the target flow value.

6. The grain dryer electric quick grain unloading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The application further provides an intelligent control method of the electric quick grain discharging device of the grain dryer, which comprises the following steps: S1, a data acquisition module detects the grain height, humidity and conveying belt (7) flow in the grain storage bin (1) in real time and transmits the data to an operation module; S2, the operation module calculates the target rotating speed of the rotating disc (3) and the target speed of the conveying belt (7) according to the received data and a self-adaptive algorithm; S3, an execution module adjusts the operation parameters of the step motor and the conveying belt (7) motor according to the output result of the operation module; S4, a feedback module detects the actual output grain flow and compares it with the target value, sets the threshold value to ±5%, and triggers the operation module to recalculate and adjust the operation parameters when the grain height H is dynamically adjusted to ±4% to ±7%; S5, a display panel updates the parameters in real time and allows the operator to manually adjust the target flow value according to the actual demand, and the target flow value is lowered by 15% to 30% when the detected humidity W is greater than 20%.

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