Energy-saving device and method for steam heating system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steam and heat energy utilization, and particularly relates to an energy-saving device and method for a steam heating system. The energy-saving device of the steam heating system comprises at least two heating maintenance units and a control unit, the heating maintenance units are arranged in parallel, and each heating maintenance unit comprises a heating chamber, a steam inlet on-off valve, a steam exhaust on-off valve and a drainage valve; the heating chamber comprises a condensed water outlet, a steam inlet, a steam outlet and the like; the control unit comprises temperature sensors, pressure sensors and a single-chip microcomputer, and the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors are installed on the heating chambers and the steam heat accumulators. The invention further provides an operation method of the energy-saving device of the steam heating system. According to the requirements of the steam heating technology for the temperature and pressure in the heating chambers, the steam flow input and output into the heating chambers is regulated and controlled, heat energy is stored and dynamically adjusted through the middle steam heat accumulator, and the energy efficiency and economical efficiency of the steam heating system can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of steam and thermal energy utilization, and in particular relates to an energy-saving device and method for a steam heating system. Background Art

[0002] Steam is widely used in industrial production for heating and drying materials. For example, in the construction industry, steam curing is necessary to ensure that aerated concrete precast parts have suitable hardening conditions and achieve qualified mechanical properties after hardening. During the production process, aerated concrete precast parts are cured in an autoclave (heating chamber) at the target temperature and pressure required by the process (usually a pressure of 1.0-1.6 MPa and a temperature of 180°C-200°C). First, the temperature is slowly raised to the target temperature (to avoid cracking of the precast parts), which usually takes 2-4 hours. Then, the temperature is maintained at the target temperature for 6-12 hours to ensure strength development. After curing is completed, the autoclave (heating chamber) controls the depressurization rate and cools and reduces the pressure at a certain rate (e.g., 0.1 MPa / hour). The saturated steam in the autoclave is slowly discharged until the pressure in the autoclave drops to atmospheric pressure. When concrete products are removed from the autoclave, the remaining steam inside the autoclave needs to be discharged. This steam carries a high temperature and has the odor of lime milk. If it is discharged directly into the ecological environment in an unorganized and disorderly manner, it will not only waste heat but also cause environmental pollution. In addition, since the temperature and pressure of the steam drop after leaving the autoclave, it can no longer meet the requirements of the curing process. Continuous production requires continuous replenishment of new steam. Therefore, the current production process of aerated concrete products consumes a lot of energy, and it is necessary to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the autoclave curing system. Recycling low-pressure exhaust steam is one of the most valuable energy-saving measures. In addition, steam heating and drying is also common in chemical production. The utilization of waste steam after drying and heating is also an important way to save energy and reduce consumption, which requires corresponding supporting equipment and operation control methods. Existing improvements to steam heat recovery and energy conservation are mostly seen in improvements to autoclave technology, such as "An Autoclave Exhaust Steam Heat Energy Recovery Device and Method" with publication number CN 116538845 A. There are few systematic approaches to improving the entire aerated concrete autoclave curing device, including the autoclave, or improvements suitable for continuous production methods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an energy-saving device and method for a steam heating system, which is used for energy saving and consumption reduction of steam heating devices and continuous production such as aerated concrete autoclave curing.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an energy-saving device for a steam heating system, comprising at least two heating and curing units and a control unit, wherein the heating and curing units are arranged in parallel and each comprises a heating chamber, a steam inlet on-off valve, an exhaust on-off valve, and a drain valve;

[0005] The heating chamber includes a condensate drain port, a steam inlet port, and a steam exhaust port. The condensate drain port is connected to a drain pipe through a drain valve. The steam inlet port is connected to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater through a steam inlet on-off valve. The steam exhaust port passes through the exhaust on-off valve and then sequentially passes through the steam trap, the first regulating valve, the first filter, the first compressor, and is connected to the inlet of the steam accumulator.

[0006] The steam outlet of the steam accumulator is divided into two paths after passing through the second on-off valve. One path passes through the third regulating valve, the second filter, the second compressor and is connected to the inlet of the hot side channel of the superheater. The other path passes through the second regulating valve and is connected to the inlet of the cold side channel of the superheater.

[0007] The control unit includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a single-chip microcomputer. Temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed on each heating chamber and steam accumulator. The first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, the steam inlet on-off valve, the exhaust on-off valve, the steam inlet regulating valve, the exhaust regulating valve, the drain valve, the first regulating valve, the first compressor, the third regulating valve, the second compressor, the second regulating valve, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer signal.

[0008] As an improvement of the energy-saving device of a steam heating system of the present invention:

[0009] When the number of the heating and curing units is greater than two, each heating and curing unit further comprises a steam inlet regulating valve and an exhaust regulating valve, wherein the steam inlet on-off valve is connected to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater via the steam inlet regulating valve, and the exhaust on-off valve is connected to the steam trap via the exhaust regulating valve;

[0010] The steam inlet regulating valve and the exhaust regulating valve are both connected to the single chip microcomputer signal.

[0011] As a further improvement of the energy-saving device for a steam heating system of the present invention:

[0012] The steam replenishment port of the steam accumulator is connected to the first on-off valve for replenishing saturated steam or wet steam, and the outlet of the hot side channel of the superheater is used for discharging condensate.

[0013] As a further improvement of the energy-saving device for a steam heating system of the present invention:

[0014] The drainage pipe is connected through a third filter, an expander and a vapor-liquid separator, and the generator is transmission-connected to the expander through a coupling.

[0015] As a further improvement of the energy-saving device for a steam heating system of the present invention:

[0016] The drain pipe is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger, and the hot side channel outlet is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane after passing through the third filter, the fourth filter, the nanofiltration membrane and the booster pump.

[0017] As a further improvement of the energy-saving device for a steam heating system of the present invention:

[0018] The drain pipe is connected through the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger, and the hot side channel outlet is connected to the hydraulic turbine after passing through the third filter, the booster pump, the fourth filter and the forward osmosis membrane.

[0019] The operating method of the steam heating system energy-saving device is as follows:

[0020] The heating curing unit that has completed prefabricated part curing is heating curing unit A, and the heating curing unit that needs to perform prefabricated part curing is heating curing unit B. The heating chamber of heating curing unit A is cooled and pressurized, while the heating chamber of heating curing unit B is heated and pressurized. The specific process is as follows:

[0021] S1. The steam inlet on-off valve, steam inlet regulating valve and drain valve of heating and curing unit A are all closed, and the exhaust steam on-off valve and exhaust steam regulating valve are all opened, and saturated steam flows out of heating and curing unit A;

[0022] The steam inlet on-off valve, steam inlet regulating valve and drain valve of heating and curing unit B are all open, and the exhaust steam on-off valve and exhaust steam regulating valve are all closed;

[0023] S2. The saturated steam flowing out of the heating and curing unit A passes through the steam trap, the first regulating valve, the first filter, the first compressor, and the steam accumulator, and is split into two paths. One path passes through the second regulating valve and enters the cold-side channel of the superheater. The other path passes through the third regulating valve, the second filter, and the second compressor and enters the hot-side channel of the superheater. It condenses and releases heat, heating the steam in the cold-side channel to become superheated steam.

[0024] When the pressure of the steam accumulator is insufficient, saturated steam is added to the steam accumulator from the outside;

[0025] S3. Superheated steam flows out of the superheater and enters the heating chamber of each heating and curing unit B to be heated and pressurized to the predetermined curing temperature and pressure and maintained at the temperature and pressure until the curing is completed;

[0026] S4. During step S3, the condensed water in the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit B flows out from the drain pipe; the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit A is cooled and depressurized until it reaches normal pressure.

[0027] As an improvement to the operating method of the steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention:

[0028] The condensed water produced in each heating chamber is discharged from the drain pipe and flows into the expander to expand and do work. The output work drives the generator to generate electricity. The condensed water expanded in the expander passes through the vapor-liquid separator, and the separated steam is used for production.

[0029] As another improvement to the operating method of the steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention:

[0030] The condensed water produced in each heating chamber is discharged from the condensed water outlet, and after the heat energy is recovered and the temperature is lowered through the heat exchanger, it is desalinated through the nanofiltration membrane, booster pump and reverse osmosis membrane before being used in production.

[0031] As another improvement to the operating method of the steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention:

[0032] The condensed water produced in each heating chamber is discharged from the condensed water outlet, and after the heat energy is recovered and the temperature is reduced through the heat exchanger, the concentration is reduced and the flow rate is increased through the booster pump and forward osmosis membrane, and then it enters the hydraulic turbine to drive the turbine to generate electricity and perform work.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0034] The present invention regulates the steam flow rate into and out of each heating chamber based on the temperature and pressure requirements of the steam heating process. Thermal energy is stored and dynamically adjusted through an intermediate steam accumulator, significantly improving the energy efficiency and economic efficiency of the steam heating system. First, during the pressure reduction and temperature reduction phases, a steam compressor extracts steam from the heating chamber where preforms have been cured, compresses it, and then feeds it into the steam accumulator. The flow rate of the extracted steam is controlled based on the pressure reduction and temperature reduction rates through valve opening, compressor speed, cylinder loading and unloading, and inlet guide vane adjustment. During the temperature and pressure increase phases, steam from the steam accumulator is fed through a regulating valve into the heating chamber where the preforms are being cured. The flow rate of the output steam is adjusted based on the heating chamber's temperature and pressure increase rates. If certain processes require a certain degree of superheat for the steam entering the heating chamber, a steam compressor extracts a certain amount of steam, compresses it, and then heats the steam entering the heating chamber in a superheater to produce superheated steam. The steam in the heating chambers at different operating states is regulated through the steam accumulator. The saturated condensate produced in the heating chamber often contains a certain amount of salt. The energy can be recovered by expanding it through an expander, or the heat energy can be recovered through a heat exchanger and then processed through a nanofiltration element or reverse osmosis, or the energy can be recovered through pressure delayed osmosis.

[0035] The steam output from the heating chamber is first pressurized by the compressor, and then dynamically stored and regulated through the steam accumulator. The exhaust steam can be fully recycled and utilized, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction of the heating system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 1 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 2 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Scheme 3 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 4 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 5 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 6 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 7 of a steam heating system energy-saving device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of Scheme 8 of an energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:

[0046] Example 1: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes two heating and curing units and a control unit. The heating and curing units are a first heating and curing unit and a second heating and curing unit, each including a heating chamber, a steam inlet on-off valve, an exhaust steam on-off valve, and a drain valve. Specifically, the first heating and curing unit includes a first heating chamber 1, a first steam inlet on-off valve 31, a first exhaust steam on-off valve 41, and a first drain valve 15. The second heating and curing unit includes a second heating chamber 2, a second steam inlet on-off valve 32, a second exhaust steam on-off valve 42, and a second drain valve 16.

[0047] The condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the first heating chamber 1 passes through a first drain valve 15, and the condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the second heating chamber 2 passes through a second valve 16, before being combined into one channel. This is then connected to a drain pipe 100, which discharges the condensate generated in the first and second heating chambers 1 and 2 to the outside. Using two independent valves to control the condensate discharge from the two heating chambers facilitates pressure control in each heating chamber. The condensate is then combined and discharged together to avoid cross-contamination.

[0048] The steam inlet of the first heating chamber 1 passes through the first steam inlet on-off valve 31 , and the steam inlet of the second heating chamber 2 passes through the second steam inlet on-off valve 32 , and then merges into one path, and then connects to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater 14 .

[0049] The exhaust from the first heating chamber 1 passes through the first exhaust on-off valve 41, and the exhaust from the second heating chamber 2 passes through the second exhaust on-off valve 42, before being combined into one path. The steam then flows through the steam trap 3, the first regulating valve 4, the first filter 5, and the first compressor 6, connecting to the inlet of the steam accumulator 7. The first and second inlet steam on-off valves 31 and 32, as well as the first and second exhaust steam on-off valves 41 and 42, work together to regulate the flow of steam between the two heating chambers, supporting alternating or parallel operation of the two chambers and controlling the heating and pressure increase or decrease rates of the heating chambers. The steam trap 3 removes residual condensate from the exhaust pipe, preventing it from entering the first compressor 6. The first compressor 6 increases the exhaust pressure to ensure smooth steam injection into the steam accumulator 7. The first regulating valve 4 dynamically controls the exhaust flow rate to match the cooling and pressure reduction requirements of the heating chambers with the storage requirements of the steam accumulator 7. The steam accumulator 7 smoothes the workload of the first and second heating chambers 1 and 2, effectively recovering energy.

[0050] The steam supply port on the upper part of the steam accumulator 7 is connected to the external steam supply pipe through the first on-off valve 8. When the pressure or steam volume of the steam accumulator 7 is insufficient, saturated steam or wet steam is supplied from the outside through the steam supply pipe to maintain system stability.

[0051] The steam outlet of the steam accumulator 7 is divided into two paths after passing through the second on-off valve 9. One path passes through the third regulating valve 10, the second filter 12, the second compressor 13 and is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the superheater 14, and the other path passes through the second regulating valve 11 and is connected to the cold side channel inlet of the superheater 14.

[0052] The superheater 14 can be a partition-type heat exchanger, for example. The steam in the cold side channel is heated to become superheated steam and then enters the first heating chamber 1 (or the second heating chamber 2), while the steam in the hot side channel releases heat and condenses into liquid water and is discharged from the outlet of the hot side channel.

[0053] The control unit includes temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and a single-chip microcomputer. Temperature and pressure sensors are installed in the first heating chamber 1, the second heating chamber 2, and the steam accumulator 7. These sensors are connected to the single-chip microcomputer for real-time measurement data. The first steam inlet on-off valve 31, the first exhaust on-off valve 41, the first drain valve 15, the second steam inlet on-off valve 32, the second exhaust on-off valve 42, the second drain valve 16, the first on-off valve 8, and the second on-off valve 9 are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer for signal communication, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the opening and closing of the valves. The first regulating valve 4, the third regulating valve 10, and the second regulating valve 11 are also connected to the single-chip microcomputer for signal communication, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the valve opening. The first compressor 6 and the second compressor 13 are also connected to the single-chip microcomputer for signal communication, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the compressor's operating status. It should be noted that the microcontroller controls the opening, on / off of each valve and the operating state of the compressor according to the PI (proportional integral), PID (proportional integral differential), fuzzy logic and other algorithms based on the data from the sensors, which are all conventional technologies and do not fall within the scope of the present invention. In addition, since the installation and connection of the microcontroller, temperature sensor and pressure sensor are all conventional technologies, in order to simplify the identification of the drawings and clean the drawings, Figure 1-8 Not drawn above.

[0054] The operation method of system solution 1 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0055] 1. The first heating chamber 1 increases temperature and pressure, while the second heating chamber 2 decreases temperature and pressure:

[0056] Assuming that the prefabricated parts in the first heating chamber 1 are to be cured, the first heating chamber 1 needs to be heated and pressurized, while the prefabricated parts in the second heating chamber 2 have been cured, the second heating chamber 2 needs to be cooled and pressurized.

[0057] 1.1. After the prefabricated parts have been cured in the second heating chamber 2, they are cooled and depressurized at a preset rate. The first steam inlet on-off valve 31 is opened, the second steam inlet on-off valve 32 is closed, the first exhaust on-off valve 41 is closed, the second exhaust on-off valve 42 is opened, the first drain valve 15 is opened, and the second valve 16 is closed. The saturated steam in the second heating chamber 2 flows out through the second exhaust on-off valve 42.

[0058] 1.2. After the saturated steam is discharged from the steam trap 3 and condensed, it passes through the first regulating valve 4, is filtered by the first filter 5, and is compressed and pressurized by the first compressor 6 before entering the steam accumulator 7;

[0059] Then, the saturated steam in the steam accumulator 7 flows out through the second on-off valve 9 and is divided into two paths. One path passes through the second regulating valve 11 and enters the cold side channel of the superheater 14. The other path passes through the third regulating valve 10, the second filter 12, and the second compressor 13, and then enters the hot side channel of the superheater 14 to condense and release heat, heating the steam in the cold side channel to become superheated steam.

[0060] When the pressure or steam volume of the steam accumulator 7 is insufficient, saturated steam or wet steam is added from the outside;

[0061] 1.3. Superheated steam flows out of the cold-side channel of the superheater 14 and enters the first heating chamber 1 through the first steam inlet on-off valve 31. A small portion of the steam becomes condensate and flows out of the drain pipe 100, while the majority remains in the steam state. At this time, the first heating chamber 1 contains prefabricated parts to be cured. The first heating chamber 1 is heated and pressurized at a certain rate to cure the prefabricated parts, and then maintained at the predetermined temperature and pressure for a period of time according to process requirements.

[0062] While the first heating chamber 1 is curing the preform, the second heating chamber 2 is cooled and pressurized at a preset rate until it reaches normal pressure, and then the preform is unloaded and a new preform to be cured is placed in.

[0063] After the prefabricated parts in the first heating chamber 1 complete the curing process, step 2 is entered.

[0064] 2. The first heating chamber 1 is cooled and pressurized, while the second heating chamber 2 is heated and pressurized:

[0065] After the prefabricated parts in the first heating chamber 1 are cured, the first heating chamber 1 needs to be cooled and pressurized. The prefabricated parts in the second heating chamber 2 are to be cured, and the second heating chamber 2 needs to be heated and pressurized.

[0066] 2.1. Close the first steam inlet on-off valve 31, open the second steam inlet on-off valve 32, open the first exhaust on-off valve 41, close the second exhaust on-off valve 42, close the first drain valve 15, and open the second valve 16. The saturated steam in the first heating chamber 1 flows out through the first exhaust on-off valve 41.

[0067] 2.2, same as step 1.2;

[0068] 2.3. Superheated steam flows out of the cold side channel of the superheater 14 and enters the second heating chamber 2 through the second steam inlet on-off valve 42. A small portion of the steam turns into condensate and flows out of the drain pipe 100, while the majority of the steam remains in the steam state. The temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 2 are raised at a certain rate to cure the prefabricated parts, and then maintained at the predetermined temperature and pressure for a period of time according to the process requirements.

[0069] While the preforms are being cured in the second heating chamber 2, the temperature and pressure in the first heating chamber 1 are lowered at a preset rate until they reach normal pressure. Then, the preforms in the first heating chamber 1 are unloaded and new preforms to be cured are placed in.

[0070] After the prefabricated parts in the second heating chamber 2 complete the curing process, they enter step 1, thereby realizing circular production and energy recycling.

[0071] 3. The condensed water generated during the steam heating process is discharged to the outside through the condensed water drain outlets at the bottom of the first heating chamber 1 and the second heating chamber 2 through the drain pipe 100.

[0072] In the above process, the steam flow rate can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve (the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 11 or the third regulating valve 10) and the operating status of the compressor (the first compressor 6 or the second compressor 1) (speed, cylinder loading and unloading, inlet guide vane angle, etc.), thereby controlling the heating chamber's temperature increase and pressure increase rate and the cooling and pressure increase rate.

[0073] In this embodiment, the two heating chambers heat and cure the prefabricated parts respectively through high-temperature and high-pressure steam to ensure that they meet the strength and performance required by the process. The two heating chambers can operate alternately and complement each other's energy. The steam discharged from the heating chamber that needs to be cooled and reduced in pressure is sent to the steam accumulator 7 through the compressor for dynamic storage. At the same time, the steam in the steam accumulator 7 is heated to become superheated steam and then sent to the heating chamber that needs to be heated and pressurized, avoiding the waste of low-pressure steam and saving energy.

[0074] Example 2: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 2 As shown, a condensate energy recovery unit is added on the basis of Example 1, including a third filter 48, an expander 56 and a vapor-liquid separator 59, specifically:

[0075] The drainage pipe 100 in Example 1 is connected through the third filter 48 , the expander 56 and the vapor-liquid separator 59 , and the generator 58 is transmission-connected to the expander 56 through the coupling 57 .

[0076] The operation method of system solution 2 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0077] 1. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 1 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 2 is the same as step 1 of Example 1;

[0078] 2. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 2 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 1 is the same as step 2 of Example 1.

[0079] 3. Condensate generated during the steam heating process is discharged through the condensate drain outlets at the bottom of the first heating chamber 1 and the second heating chamber 2, respectively, and then flows out through the drain pipe 100. It is then filtered by the third filter 48 before entering the expander 56 where it expands and produces work. The output power drives the generator 58. After expansion in the expander 56, the condensate passes through the vapor-liquid separator 59, where it is separated into steam and liquid. The steam is drawn from the top of the vapor-liquid separator 59 for production use, while the liquid is drawn from the bottom to be discharged to the outside.

[0080] Example 3: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 3 As shown, a filtration and reverse osmosis unit is added on the basis of Example 1. The difference from Example 3 is that after the condensate water recovers heat, it is desalinated by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis and then used in production. Specifically:

[0081] In Example 1, drain pipe 100 is connected to the hot-side channel inlet of heat exchanger 47. The hot-side channel outlet of heat exchanger 47 then passes through third and fourth filters 48 and 49 before being connected to the concentrated-side inlet of nanofiltration membrane 50. The diluted-side outlet of nanofiltration membrane 50 is then connected to the concentrated-side inlet of reverse osmosis membrane 52 via booster pump 51. Third filter 48 is a prefilter with low filtration accuracy, used to filter out large impurities. It also protects subsequent filters and extends the service life of fourth filter 49. Condensate filtered through reverse osmosis membrane 52 is then used for production.

[0082] Heat exchanger 47 can be an air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchanger. Condensed water or cold air is introduced into the cold-side channel to exchange heat with the condensed water in the hot-side channel, thereby reducing the condensed water temperature. Heat exchanger 47 can also operate as the low-temperature side evaporator of an absorption or vapor compression heat pump. That is, the cold-side channel of heat exchanger 47 is connected to the heat pump's circulation path, providing a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump.

[0083] The operating method of system solution 3 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0084] 1. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 1 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 2 is the same as step 1 of Example 1;

[0085] 2. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 2 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 1 is the same as step 2 of Example 1;

[0086] 3. The condensate generated during the steam heating process flows out through the condensate drain outlets at the bottom of the first heating chamber 1 and the second heating chamber 2 through the drain pipe 100. After the condensate recovers heat energy and its temperature is lowered by the heat exchanger 47, it undergoes two-stage filtration, first passing through the nanofiltration membrane 50 to remove divalent or higher ions, and then being pressurized by the booster pump 51 and entering the reverse osmosis membrane 52 for further desalination. The desalinated condensate can be used for production.

[0087] Example 4: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 4 As shown, a filtration forward osmosis unit is added on the basis of Example 1. The difference from Example 4 is that the energy recovery and desalination of condensate water adopts pressure delayed osmosis for production use, specifically:

[0088] The drain pipe 100 in Example 1 is connected through the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger 47, and then the hot side channel outlet is connected through the third filter 48, the fourth filter 49, the booster pump 51, and the concentrated side inlet of the forward osmosis membrane 54. The concentrated side outlet of the forward osmosis membrane 54 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 55, and the fresh side inlet of the forward osmosis membrane 54 is connected to an external fresh water source, such as tap water.

[0089] The operating method of system solution 4 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0090] 1. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 1 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 2 is the same as step 1 of Example 1;

[0091] 2. The process of increasing the temperature and pressure of the first heating chamber 2 and decreasing the temperature and pressure of the second heating chamber 1 is the same as step 2 of Example 1;

[0092] 3. Condensate generated during the steam heating process flows out through the condensate drain outlets at the bottom of the first heating chamber 1 and the second heating chamber 2, respectively, via the drain pipe 100. After the condensate recovers heat energy and its temperature is reduced in the heat exchanger 47, it is filtered by the third filter 48 and pressurized by the booster pump 51. It is then filtered by the fourth filter 49 and enters the concentrated side of the forward osmosis membrane 54. Fresh water flows into the fresh side of the forward osmosis membrane 54 and permeates toward the concentrated side, reducing the concentration of the condensate on the concentrated side and increasing its flow rate. The condensate then flows out of the concentrated side of the forward osmosis membrane 54 and enters the hydraulic turbine 55 for expansion and pressure reduction, driving the turbine to generate electricity and produce work.

[0093] Example 5: A solution 5 of a steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 5 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that more than two heating and curing units are connected in parallel, and each heating and curing unit includes a heating chamber, two on-off valves (steam inlet on-off valve 30 and exhaust on-off valve 40), two regulating valves (steam inlet regulating valve 20 and exhaust regulating valve 50) and a drain valve 10.

[0094] The condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the heating chamber is connected to the drain pipe 100 through a drain valve 10 .

[0095] The steam inlet of the heating chamber is connected to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater 14 through the steam inlet on-off valve 30 and the steam inlet regulating valve 20.

[0096] The exhaust port of the heating chamber is connected to the steam trap 3 after passing through the exhaust on-off valve 40 and the exhaust regulating valve 50.

[0097] The passage after the steam trap 3 is consistent with that in embodiment 1: it passes through the first regulating valve 4, the first filter 5, the first compressor 6 in sequence and is connected to the inlet of the steam accumulator 7.

[0098] The connection between the steam accumulator 7 and the superheater 14 is consistent with that in Example 1: the steam inlet of the steam accumulator 7 is connected to the steam supply pipe via a first on-off valve 8. The steam outlet of the steam accumulator 7 is divided into two paths after passing through a second on-off valve 9. One path passes through a third regulating valve 10, a second filter 12, and a second compressor 13 to connect to the inlet of the hot-side channel of the superheater 14. The other path passes through a second regulating valve 11 to connect to the inlet of the cold-side channel of the superheater 14. The outlet of the hot-side channel of the superheater 14 is used to discharge condensate after the steam releases heat.

[0099] Correspondingly, each heating chamber and steam accumulator 7 is equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, which are connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the steam inlet on-off valve 30, exhaust on-off valve 40, drain valve 10, and first on-off valve 8 of each heating and maintenance unit to control the opening and closing of the valves. The steam inlet regulating valve 20, exhaust regulating valve 50, first regulating valve 4, third regulating valve 10, and second regulating valve 11 are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the valve opening. The first compressor 6 and the second compressor 13 are also connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the compressor operating status.

[0100] The operating method of system solution 5 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0101] In this embodiment, multiple heating and curing units are connected in parallel and work synchronously. The heating and curing unit that has completed prefabricated part curing is called heating and curing unit A, and the heating and curing unit that needs to perform prefabricated part curing is called heating and curing unit B. The heating and curing unit A cools down and reduces the pressure, while the heating and curing unit B heats up and increases the pressure.

[0102] 1. After the prefabricated parts are cured, the steam inlet on-off valve 30, the steam inlet regulating valve 20, and the drain valve 10 of the heating and curing unit A are all closed, and the exhaust steam on-off valve 40 and the exhaust steam regulating valve 50 of the heating and curing unit A are both opened. The saturated steam in the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit A flows out of the heating and curing unit A through the exhaust steam on-off valve 40 and the exhaust steam regulating valve 50.

[0103] The steam inlet on-off valve 30 , the steam inlet regulating valve 20 and the drain valve 10 of the heating and curing unit B are all opened, and the steam exhaust on-off valve 40 and the steam exhaust regulating valve 50 of the heating and curing unit B are all closed.

[0104] 2. The saturated steam output from the heating and curing unit A passes through the steam trap 3, the first regulating valve 4, the first filter 5, the first compressor 6, and the steam accumulator 7, and is split into two paths. One path enters the cold-side channel of the superheater 14, and the other path enters the hot-side channel of the superheater 14 to condense and release heat, heating the steam in the cold-side channel to become superheated steam.

[0105] The amount of saturated steam output from the heating and curing unit A to the steam accumulator 7 is gradually reduced. When the pressure or steam amount in the steam accumulator 7 is insufficient, saturated steam or wet steam is added to the steam accumulator 7 from the outside.

[0106] 3. Curing of prefabricated parts: The prefabricated parts to be cured are placed in the heating chamber of the heating curing unit B. Superheated steam flows out of the cold side channel of the superheater 14 and is divided into multiple paths to enter each heating curing unit B. After passing through the steam inlet regulating valve 20 and the steam inlet on-off valve 30, it enters the heating chamber of the heating curing unit B. The temperature and pressure in the heating chamber are raised at a predetermined rate to cure the prefabricated parts. After reaching the predetermined temperature and pressure, the temperature and pressure are maintained for a predetermined period of time according to the process requirements until the curing is completed.

[0107] 4. During the curing of the prefabricated parts in the heating and curing unit B according to step 3, the condensed water in the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit B flows out from the drain pipe 100;

[0108] The heating chamber of the heating and curing unit A is cooled and depressurized at a preset rate until it reaches normal pressure, and then the prefabricated parts are unloaded and new prefabricated parts to be cured are placed in;

[0109] After the prefabricated parts in the heating and curing unit B complete the curing process, they enter step 1, thereby realizing circular production and energy recycling.

[0110] During the above steps 1-4, multiple heating chambers are connected in parallel for production operation, that is, one or several heating chambers where preform curing is completed (i.e., the heating chambers of the heating curing unit A) are in the process of cooling and depressurizing and are at different temperature and pressure levels, while in the heating chambers where preform curing is performed (i.e., the heating chambers of the heating curing unit B), one part is in the process of heating and depressurizing and is at different temperature and pressure levels, and the other part is maintained at the temperature and pressure level preset in the process. The above situation is achieved by adjusting the switch and opening of the steam inlet on-off valve 30, the exhaust on-off valve 40, the steam inlet regulating valve 20 and the exhaust regulating valve 50 of each heating curing unit, as well as the operating status (speed, cylinder loading and unloading, inlet guide vane opening, etc.) of the first compressor 6 and the second compressor 13. For example, Figure 5 As shown, if the prefabricated parts in the heating and curing unit marked as "B" need to be cured and the heating chamber is in the process of increasing temperature and pressure, while the prefabricated parts in the heating and curing unit marked as "A" have completed curing and the heating chamber is in the process of decreasing temperature and pressure, then the steam inlet on-off valve 30 and the steam inlet regulating valve 20 of the heating and curing unit marked as "A" are both closed, and the exhaust steam on-off valve 40 and the exhaust steam regulating valve 50 are both opened to output saturated steam, and the steam inlet on-off valve 30 and the steam inlet regulating valve 20 of the heating and curing unit marked as "B" are opened, and the exhaust steam on-off valve 40 and the exhaust steam regulating valve 50 are closed to input steam.

[0111] Similar to Example 1, the valve switching of each on-off valve (the first on-off valve 8, the second on-off valve 9, the drain valve 10, the steam inlet on-off valve 30 and the exhaust on-off valve 40), the valve opening adjustment of each regulating valve (the first regulating valve 4, the second regulating valve 11, the third regulating valve 10, the steam inlet regulating valve 20 and the exhaust regulating valve 50), and the operating state adjustment of the compressor (the first compressor 6 and the second compressor 13) all belong to the existing technology and are not within the scope of the present invention. For example, the valves and compressors can be controlled by a single-chip microcomputer according to algorithms such as PI (proportional integral), PID (proportional integral differential), and fuzzy logic.

[0112] Example 6: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of Example 5, the condensate energy recovery and utilization unit of Example 2 is added, including a third filter 48, an expander 56 and a vapor-liquid separator 59. The rest is consistent with Example 5, specifically:

[0113] The drain pipe 100 is connected through the third filter 48 , the expander 56 and the vapor-liquid separator 59 , and the generator 58 is transmission-connected to the expander 56 through the coupling 57 .

[0114] The operating method of system solution 6 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0115] 1. The same as step 1 in Example 5.

[0116] 2. The same as step 2 in Example 5.

[0117] 3. The same as step 3 of Example 5.

[0118] 4. The same as step 4 of Example 5.

[0119] 5. Condensate generated during the steam heating process is discharged from the condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the heating chamber of heating and curing unit B, flows out through drain pipe 100, and is filtered by third filter 48 before entering expander 56 for expansion and work. The output work drives generator 58. After expansion in expander 56, the condensate passes through vapor-liquid separator 59, where it is separated into steam and liquid. Steam is drawn from the top of vapor-liquid separator 59 for production use, while liquid is drawn from the bottom to be discharged to the outside.

[0120] Example 7: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 7 As shown, a reverse osmosis unit is added on the basis of Example 5. The reverse osmosis unit is consistent with that of Example 3, specifically:

[0121] The drain pipe 100 is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger 47, and then the hot side channel outlet is connected to the concentrated side inlet of the third filter 48, the fourth filter 49, and the nanofiltration membrane 50. The dilute side outlet of the nanofiltration membrane 50 is then connected to the concentrated side inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane 52 through the booster pump 51.

[0122] The operating method of system solution 7 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0123] 1. The same as step 1 in Example 5.

[0124] 2. The same as step 2 in Example 5.

[0125] 3. The same as step 3 of Example 5.

[0126] 4. The same as step 4 of Example 5.

[0127] 5. The condensate generated during the steam heating process is discharged from the condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit B and flows out through the drain pipe 100. After the condensate recovers heat energy and its temperature is lowered by the heat exchanger 47, it undergoes two-stage filtration, first passing through the nanofiltration membrane 50 to remove divalent or higher ions, and then being pressurized by the booster pump 51 and entering the reverse osmosis membrane 52 for further desalination. The desalinated condensate can be used for production.

[0128] Example 8: A steam heating system energy-saving device, such as Figure 8 As shown, a filtration forward osmosis unit is added on the basis of Example 5. The forward osmosis unit is consistent with that of Example 4, specifically:

[0129] The drain pipe 100 is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger 47, and then the hot side channel outlet is connected to the concentrated side inlet of the forward osmosis membrane 54 through the third filter 48, the booster pump 51, the fourth filter 49, and the forward osmosis membrane 54. The concentrated side outlet of the forward osmosis membrane 54 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic turbine 55.

[0130] The operating method of system solution 7 of the steam heating system energy saving device is:

[0131] 1. The same as step 1 in Example 5.

[0132] 2. The same as step 2 in Example 5.

[0133] 3. The same as step 3 of Example 5.

[0134] 4. The same as step 4 of Example 5.

[0135] 5. Condensate generated during the steam heating process is discharged from the condensate drain outlet at the bottom of the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit B and flows out through the drain pipe 100. After the condensate recovers heat energy and its temperature is reduced in the heat exchanger 47, it is filtered by the third filter 48 and pressurized by the booster pump 51. It is then filtered by the fourth filter 49 and enters the concentrated side of the forward osmosis membrane 54. Fresh water flows into the fresh side of the forward osmosis membrane 54 and permeates toward the concentrated side, reducing the concentration of the condensate on the concentrated side and increasing its flow rate. The condensate then flows out of the concentrated side of the forward osmosis membrane 54 and enters the hydraulic turbine 55 for expansion and pressure reduction, driving the turbine to generate electricity and produce work.

[0136] experiment:

[0137] To verify the effectiveness of the present invention, a simulation comparison calculation was performed between the existing curing method (using conventional fuel combustion to generate saturated steam, which is continuously introduced into a single autoclave, and the preforms are cured in the autoclave at the temperature and pressure levels predetermined by the process) and the system solution 1 and operation method of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0138] Using the existing curing method, to achieve different preset temperature and pressure levels, the required steam enthalpy simulation calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0139] Table 1. Steam enthalpy corresponding to different preset temperatures and pressures of existing curing methods

[0140]

[0141]

[0142] Using the maintenance method of Example 1, the primary energy consumption during the maintenance of the steam heating system energy-saving device is the work performed by the first compressor 6 and the second compressor 13. Table 2 shows the simulation results of the compression power consumption and steam enthalpy at the end of compression required for steam supercharging under different operating conditions. The initial pressure refers to the pressure in the first heating chamber 1 or the second heating chamber 2 in Example 1, and the end-of-compression pressure refers to the pressure in the steam accumulator 7 in Example 1.

[0143] Table 2. Simulation results of compression power consumption and steam enthalpy required for the curing method of the present invention

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] It can be seen from Table 1 that the enthalpy of saturated steam with a pressure ranging from 0.14338 MPa to 1.002 MPa is between 2691.1 kJ / kg and 2777.2 kJ / kg. According to Table 2, the power consumption of saturated steam compressed from a pressure of 0.10144 MPa to 0.36154 MPa to a pressure of 0.19867 MPa to 1.0028 MPa is between 61.5 kJ / kg and 510.4 kJ / kg.

[0147] For example, curing a preform at a preset pressure of 0.14338 MPa using existing curing methods requires a steam enthalpy of 2691.1 kJ / kg. However, using the method of Example 1 of the present invention, the required compression power consumption at an isentropic efficiency of 0.75 ranges from 78.4 to 487.1 kJ / kg, depending on the final compression pressure. This indicates that producing steam at the corresponding temperature and pressure using conventional fuel combustion methods requires a fuel consumption equivalent to the steam enthalpy. Considering efficiency, fuel consumption increases. Therefore, the solution of the present invention offers significant energy-saving benefits, a feature that will become even more pronounced as the proportion of clean, renewable energy sources continues to increase.

[0148] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above examples and is subject to numerous variations. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by a person of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam heating system energy-saving device, characterized in that: It comprises at least two heating and curing units and a control unit, wherein the heating and curing units are arranged in parallel and each comprises a heating chamber, a steam inlet on-off valve (30), a steam exhaust on-off valve (40) and a drain valve (10); The heating chamber includes a condensate drain port, a steam inlet port, and a steam exhaust port. The condensate drain port is connected to a drain pipe (100) through a drain valve (10). The steam inlet port is connected to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater (14) through a steam inlet on-off valve (30). The steam exhaust port passes through the steam exhaust on-off valve (40) and then sequentially passes through a steam trap (3), a first regulating valve (4), a first filter (5), a first compressor (6), and is connected to the inlet of a steam accumulator (7). The steam outlet of the steam accumulator (7) is divided into two paths after passing through the second on-off valve (9). One path passes through the third regulating valve (10), the second filter (12), the second compressor (13) and is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the superheater (14). The other path passes through the second regulating valve (11) and is connected to the cold side channel inlet of the superheater (14). The control unit comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a single chip microcomputer. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are installed on each heating chamber and the steam accumulator (7). The first on-off valve (8), the second on-off valve (9), the steam inlet on-off valve (30), the exhaust on-off valve (40), the steam inlet regulating valve (20), the exhaust regulating valve (50), the drain valve (10), the first regulating valve (4), the first compressor (6), the third regulating valve (10), the second compressor (13), the second regulating valve (11), the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are all connected to the single chip microcomputer signal.

2. The energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of the heating and curing units is greater than two, each heating and curing unit further comprises a steam inlet regulating valve (20) and a steam exhaust regulating valve (50), the steam inlet on-off valve (30) being connected to the outlet of the cold side channel of the superheater (14) via the steam inlet regulating valve (20), and the steam exhaust on-off valve (40) being connected to the steam trap (3) via the steam exhaust regulating valve (50); The steam inlet regulating valve (20) and the steam exhaust regulating valve (50) are both connected to the single chip microcomputer signal.

3. The energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam supply port of the steam accumulator (7) is connected to the first on-off valve (8) for supplying saturated steam or wet steam, and the outlet of the hot side channel of the superheater (14) is used to discharge condensed water.

4. A steam heating system energy-saving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (100) is connected via a third filter (48), an expander (56) and a vapor-liquid separator (59), and the generator (58) is transmission-connected to the expander (56) via a coupling (57).

5. A steam heating system energy-saving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drain pipe (100) is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger (47), and the hot side channel outlet is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane (52) after passing through the third filter (48), the fourth filter (49), the nanofiltration membrane (50) and the booster pump (51).

6. A steam heating system energy-saving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drain pipe (100) is connected to the hot side channel inlet of the heat exchanger (47), and the hot side channel outlet is connected to the hydraulic turbine (55) after passing through the third filter (48), the booster pump (51), the fourth filter (49) and the forward osmosis membrane (54).

7. The method for operating the energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The heating curing unit that has completed prefabricated part curing is heating curing unit A, and the heating curing unit that needs to perform prefabricated part curing is heating curing unit B. The heating chamber of heating curing unit A is cooled and pressurized, while the heating chamber of heating curing unit B is heated and pressurized. The specific process is as follows: S1, the steam inlet on-off valve (30), the steam inlet regulating valve (20) and the drain valve (10) of the heating and curing unit A are all closed, the exhaust steam on-off valve (40) and the exhaust steam regulating valve (50) are all opened, and saturated steam flows out of the heating and curing unit A; The steam inlet on-off valve (30), the steam inlet regulating valve (20) and the drain valve (10) of the heating and curing unit B are all opened, and the exhaust steam on-off valve (40) and the exhaust steam regulating valve (50) are all closed; S2, the saturated steam flowing out of the heating and curing unit A is divided into two paths after passing through the steam trap (3), the first regulating valve (4), the first filter (5), the first compressor (6) and the steam accumulator (7). One path enters the cold side channel of the superheater (14) through the second regulating valve (11), and the other path enters the hot side channel of the superheater (14) after passing through the third regulating valve (10), the second filter (12) and the second compressor (13) to condense and release heat, heating the steam in the cold side channel to become superheated steam; When the pressure of the steam accumulator (7) is insufficient, saturated steam is added to the steam accumulator (7) from the outside; S3, superheated steam flows out of the superheater (14) and enters the heating chamber of each heating and curing unit B to be heated and pressurized until the predetermined curing temperature and pressure are reached and the temperature and pressure are maintained until the curing is completed; S4. During step S3, the condensed water in the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit B flows out from the drain pipe (100); the heating chamber of the heating and curing unit A is cooled and depressurized until it reaches normal pressure.

8. The method for operating the energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensed water generated in each heating chamber is discharged from the drain pipe (100) and flows into the expander (56) to expand and perform work. The output work drives the generator (58) to generate electricity. The condensed water expanded in the expander (56) passes through the vapor-liquid separator (59), and the separated steam is used for production.

9. The method for operating the energy-saving device for a steam heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensed water generated in each heating chamber is discharged from the condensed water outlet, and after the heat energy is recovered by the heat exchanger (47) and the temperature is reduced, it is desalinated by the nanofiltration membrane (50), the booster pump (51) and the reverse osmosis membrane (52) and then used in production.

10. The method for operating the steam heating system energy-saving device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensed water generated in each heating chamber is discharged from the condensed water outlet, and after the heat energy is recovered and the temperature is reduced through the heat exchanger (47), the concentration is reduced and the flow rate is increased through the booster pump (51) and the forward osmosis membrane (54), and then enters the hydraulic turbine (55) to drive the turbine to generate electricity and perform work.

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