Shading and air supply integrated three-dimensional temperature control system applied to semi-closed greenhouse

Abstract

The invention discloses a shading and air supply integrated three-dimensional temperature control system applied to a semi-closed greenhouse. The shading and air supply integrated three-dimensional temperature control system comprises a greenhouse body, a climate chamber, a U-shaped air conveying pipe and double-side film cylinder assemblies. The greenhouse body is a glass greenhouse and is divided into a planting area and a climate chamber, the planting area comprises plants, a U-shaped air conveying pipe, an indoor weather station and film cylinder assemblies on the two sides, and the climate chamber comprises a wet curtain and a draught fan. The double-side film cylinder assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a plant, and each double-side film cylinder assembly is composed of an inner side ventilation film, an outer side shading film and a top reel. Wherein the inner side film face is a high-density polyethylene punching film, the outer side film face is an aluminum foil composite shading film, the double-layer film is connected with a reel through a bottom U-shaped air conveying pipe and magnetic elastic sealing strips on the two sides to form a closed air channel, and the reel system is driven by a motor to synchronously adjust lifting of the double-layer film and is in linkage with an indoor weather station. When the temperature is higher than 26 DEG C and the illumination is higher than 650W / m < 2 >, the inner ventilation film is automatically unfolded to supply air directionally, and the outer shading film is closed to reflect radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural facility engineering technology, and specifically to a three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation applied to a semi-enclosed greenhouse. Through innovation in the membrane cylinder structure and optimization of the spatial layout, efficient cooling and precise shading are achieved. Background Art

[0002] A greenhouse, also known as a hothouse, is a facility used for cultivating plants that allows light to pass through and retains (or heats) heat. During seasons unsuitable for plant growth, it provides a growth period and increases yields. It is often used for cultivating or raising seedlings of warmth-loving vegetables, flowers, and trees during cooler months.

[0003] Existing positive-pressure greenhouse ventilation systems often use membrane cylinders positioned at the base of the plants (e.g., cylindrical air ducts on the ground). This hinders the upward flow of cool air from the plant canopy. Furthermore, the distance from the air outlet to the plant canopy is long, resulting in slower wind speeds reaching the canopy. This results in a longer propagation time for the cool air, reduced cooling effectiveness, and increased energy consumption. Cold, moist air near the plants, due to inconsistent wind speed, causes uneven plant temperature regulation and poor cooling effectiveness in the middle and upper layers. Furthermore, the bottom membrane cylinder and shading and insulation system occupy too much greenhouse space, resulting in low space utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for use in a semi-enclosed greenhouse.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned technical problems are as follows:

[0006] A three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for use in a semi-enclosed greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body, a climate chamber, a U-shaped air duct and a double-sided membrane cylinder assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the climate chamber includes a fan and a wet curtain. The climate chamber is arranged on the planting area side of the greenhouse body, the wet curtain is installed on the outside of the climate chamber, and the air inlet of the fan is connected to the climate chamber, which can evenly transport the cold air cooled by the wet curtain to the inside of the greenhouse.

[0008] Furthermore, the U-shaped air duct is fixedly installed on the greenhouse floor cloth, and 5 cm wide ventilation holes are opened on both sides of the air duct, which are symmetrically arranged along both sides of the plants in the greenhouse to evenly transport cold air to the closed air duct.

[0009] Furthermore, the double-sided film cylinder assembly consists of an inner ventilation film, an outer light-shielding film, and a top reel. The inner ventilation film is located 20 cm from the plant, on the inside of the ventilation opening, while the outer light-shielding film is installed 5 cm outside the inner ventilation film, on the outside of the ventilation opening. The inner ventilation film and the outer light-shielding film are connected at the top by a reel, and at the bottom by a magnetic strip to the U-shaped air duct.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner ventilation film is made of high-density polyethylene perforated film, and the outer light-shielding film is made of aluminum foil composite light-shielding film. Magnetic elastic sealing strips are used on both sides of the inner ventilation film and the outer light-shielding film to form a closed air duct connected to the U-shaped air duct.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer shading film is made of aluminum foil composite material, which has a high shading rate (≥90%), can effectively block part of the light energy in solar radiation, reduce the heat entering the greenhouse, and avoid heat stress on plants caused by excessive light.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner ventilation membrane is evenly distributed with ventilation holes, each 3mm in diameter and 30 holes per square meter, to evenly deliver cool air to the plant canopy. The membrane drum's height is adjusted by a reel, achieving both airflow and light-blocking effects. The wet curtain and fan cool the outside air, which is then transported via a U-shaped air duct to the enclosed air ducts on both sides of the membrane drum. Cool air is evenly released from the micropores of the inner ventilation membrane to the plant canopy.

[0013] Furthermore, the greenhouse is equipped with an indoor weather station for detecting indoor light and temperature. 2 When the temperature is high, the outer shading film is opened by a roller to reflect solar radiation; and when the temperature is greater than 26°C, the inner ventilation film and the outer shading film are unfolded to form a closed air duct, forming a "double-sided airflow".

[0014] The design ideas of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] The present invention discloses a three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and air supply for semi-enclosed greenhouses, comprising a greenhouse body, a climate chamber, a U-shaped air duct and a double-sided film cylinder assembly. The greenhouse body is a glass greenhouse, which is divided into a planting area and a climate chamber. The planting area includes plants, a U-shaped air duct, an indoor weather station and a double-sided film cylinder assembly, and the climate chamber includes a wet curtain and a fan. The double-sided film cylinder assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plant, and is composed of an inner ventilation film, an outer shading film and a top reel; wherein the inner film surface adopts a high-density polyethylene perforated film (pore diameter 1-3mm, pore density 20-50 pieces / ㎡), and the outer film surface is an aluminum foil composite shading film (shading rate ≥90%). The double-sided film is connected to the reel through the bottom U-shaped air duct and the magnetic elastic sealing strips on both sides to form a closed air duct. The reel system is driven by a motor to synchronously adjust the lifting and lowering of the double-layer film. The system is linked to the indoor weather station. When the temperature is greater than 26°C and the light intensity is greater than 650W / m 2 The inner ventilation membrane will automatically unfold to deliver directional air, and the outer shading membrane will unfold to reflect radiation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The double-sided airflow mode is adopted to allow cold air to reach the high temperature area of ​​the plant directly, which improves the cooling efficiency and reduces energy consumption;

[0018] 2) The double-sided film tube integrates shading and ventilation functions, reducing the investment in additional shading equipment;

[0019] 3) The scroll linkage control frees up ground space and is suitable for crops of different plant heights (adjustable from 0.5 to 7.0 meters), making it suitable for high-value greenhouse cultivation such as tomatoes and flowers.

[0020] 4) Modular design supports quick disassembly and assembly, which increases the life of the reel system and reduces maintenance costs.

[0021] 5) The aluminum foil composite material surface of the outer shading film has strong reflectivity, which can reflect part of the radiant heat back to the outside, reducing heat accumulation inside the greenhouse and effectively preventing excessive temperature.

[0022] 6) Functional integration: A single system simultaneously solves the needs of shading, cooling, and humidity control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the double-layer membrane cylinder of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional structure of the double-layer membrane cylinder assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner ventilation membrane of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the outer light-shielding film of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer membrane cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1 greenhouse body, 2 climate chamber, 3 double-layer film cylinder assembly, 101 indoor weather station, 201 wet curtain, 202 fan, 301 inner ventilation film, 302 outer shading film, 303 reel, 304 U-shaped air duct, 305 ventilation hole, 306 magnetic strip, 307 magnetic elastic sealing strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a specific implementation of a three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation applied to a semi-enclosed greenhouse will be described in detail below.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, a three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation applied to a semi-enclosed greenhouse includes a greenhouse body 1, a climate chamber 2, a U-shaped air duct 304, an indoor weather station 101 and a double-sided membrane cylinder assembly 3.

[0032] The greenhouse body 1 is a glass greenhouse structure consisting of a growing area and a climate chamber 2. An indoor weather station 101 is located within the growing area. Climate chamber 2 is located at one end of the greenhouse body and includes a cooling pad 201 and a fan 202. Cooling pad 201 is mounted outside climate chamber 2, and fan 202 is connected to the chamber. During operation, fan 202 draws in outdoor air, which is cooled by cooling pad 201 before entering the greenhouse, providing a primary cooling source.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, a U-shaped air duct 304 is installed on the greenhouse floor, arranged parallel to both sides of the planting area and connected to the air outlet of the fan 202. Two 5cm wide vents are set on the top (left and right sides) of the U-shaped air duct 304 and run through both sides of the plants, directing cold air into the closed air duct formed by the membrane cylinder assembly 3.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the double-sided membrane cylinder assembly 3 is placed on either side of the plant, aligned with the top vent of the U-shaped air duct 304. The structure comprises an inner ventilation membrane 301, an outer light-shielding membrane 302, and a top reel 303. The inner ventilation membrane 301 is installed approximately 20 cm from the plant, inside the vent; the outer light-shielding membrane 302 is installed outside the vent, 5 cm from the inner membrane. The tops of the two membranes are connected to a reel system 303 consisting of an aluminum alloy reel.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the inner ventilation membrane 301 is made of perforated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with evenly distributed ventilation holes 305, each with a pore size of 3 mm and a density of 30 holes per square meter. These holes are used to deliver cooling air to the upper and middle regions of the plant canopy. The optimal pore size and density of the inner ventilation membrane 301 ensure uniform cooling air release, preventing significant local overcooling or airflow short-circuiting, and ensuring consistent temperature regulation in the upper and middle layers of the plant canopy.

[0036] like Figure 5 、 6 As shown, both sides of the inner ventilation membrane 301 and the outer shading membrane 302 are sealed to the greenhouse glass wall through magnetic elastic sealing strips 307, and the bottom is connected to the U-shaped air duct 304 through a magnetic strip 306, forming a closed air duct with a low air leakage rate (<5%).

[0037] The outer shading film 302 is an aluminum foil composite material with a shading rate of ≥90% and a reflectivity of ≥85%. It has good solar radiation reflection performance and can effectively block external radiant heat from entering the greenhouse.

[0038] When the system is running, the cold air is pushed by the fan 202 and cooled through the wet curtain 201, then enters the air duct 304, and is then released to the plant canopy through the ventilation holes 305 of the ventilation membrane 301 on the inner side of the membrane cylinder, forming a "double-sided entrained airflow" to enhance the cooling effect on the high-temperature area of ​​the crop.

[0039] The positive pressure ventilation system is linked to the indoor weather station 101. When the light intensity in the greenhouse is greater than 650W / m 2 When the temperature rises above 26°C, the control system drives the roller system 303 to close the outer shading film 302 to reflect the strong sunlight. Furthermore, when the room temperature exceeds 26°C, the inner ventilation film 301 is deployed to release a cool airflow. This dynamic adjustment allows for precise dual control of both light and temperature within the greenhouse.

[0040] Working principle: At noon in summer, strong sunlight causes the cooling load of the greenhouse to increase rapidly. At this time, the shading and ventilation cooling systems need to be started simultaneously. This invention integrates the shading and cooling functions into the same system, and uses the indoor weather station to monitor the temperature and light intensity in the greenhouse in real time to achieve intelligent linkage control. When the light intensity exceeds 650W / m 2 When the temperature rises above 26°C, the outer shade film is unrolled, effectively reflecting solar radiation and reducing the amount of heat entering the greenhouse. When the temperature inside the greenhouse exceeds 26°C, the inner ventilation film is simultaneously unrolled. Together with the outer shade film and the magnetic elastic sealing strip, it forms a closed air duct, creating a channel for the delivery of cooling air. At this point, the wet curtains and fan in the climate chamber activate, drawing high-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air into the chamber. This air is then evaporated and cooled by the wet curtains, transforming it into low-temperature, high-humidity air. After being pressurized by the fan, the cooled air is transported to a U-shaped air duct within the greenhouse, where it flows along the duct into the closed air duct within the double-sided film cylinder structure. Cool air enters the closed air duct from both sides and is evenly released to both sides of the plant canopy through the vents in the inner ventilation film, creating a "double-sided entrainment" airflow pattern. This allows the cool air to reach the high-temperature areas in the middle and upper layers of the crop, improving cooling efficiency and ensuring that the temperature and humidity in the plant growth environment remain within the optimal range.

[0041] Application of the system: In general, the three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and air supply provided by the present invention breaks through the limitations of the traditional greenhouse ventilation system layout and functional separation, and realizes the simultaneous optimization of cooling, shading and energy saving. It is particularly suitable for the precise control of the greenhouse environment of high-value-added crops (such as tomatoes, flowers, etc.) in summer and winter.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and air supply for a semi-enclosed greenhouse, comprising a greenhouse body (1), characterized in that: The greenhouse body (1) includes a planting area and a climate chamber (2). The climate chamber (2) is arranged at one end of the planting area. A double-sided membrane cylinder assembly (3) and a U-shaped air duct (304) are arranged in the planting area. The U-shaped air duct (304) is arranged on the ground cloth of the greenhouse body (1). Several of the U-shaped air ducts (304) are arranged in parallel along the planting area and are respectively connected to the climate chamber (2). Ventilation holes are provided at opposite positions on both sides of the U-shaped air duct (304), and are arranged along both sides of the plants so that cold air flows in a directional manner toward the double-sided membrane cylinder assembly (3). The double-sided membrane cylinder assembly (3) is arranged on both sides of the plants and is aligned with and connected to the ventilation holes of the U-shaped air duct (304).

2. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The climate chamber (2) comprises a wet curtain (201) and a fan (202); the wet curtain (201) is installed outside the climate chamber (2); an air inlet of the fan (202) is connected to the climate chamber (2), and can evenly transport the cold air cooled by the wet curtain (201) to the planting area inside the greenhouse body.

3. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-sided film cylinder assembly (3) includes an inner ventilation film (301), an outer light-shielding film (302) and a reel system (303); the inner ventilation film (301) is installed on the inner side of the vent; the outer light-shielding film (302) is installed on the outer side of the vent, and the outer light-shielding film (302) and the inner ventilation film (301) are both connected to the U-shaped air duct (304) through a magnetic strip (306), and the tops of the inner ventilation film (301) and the outer light-shielding film (302) are respectively connected to the reel system (303).

4. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner ventilation film (301) is set at a distance of 20 cm from the plant; the outer light-shielding film (302) is set at a distance of 5 cm from the inner film.

5. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer light-shielding film (302) is an aluminum foil composite material with a light-shielding rate of ≥90% and a reflectivity of ≥85%.

6. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ventilation membrane (301) is made of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) perforated membrane. The inner ventilation membrane (301) is evenly distributed with ventilation holes (305) with a hole diameter of 3 mm and a hole density of 30 holes / ㎡, which are used to directionally deliver cold air to the middle and upper areas of the plant canopy.

7. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The greenhouse body (1) is a glass greenhouse structure, and the inner ventilation membrane (301) and the outer light shielding membrane (302) are connected by magnetic elastic sealing strips (307) with a thickness of 2.5 cm on both sides, and form a closed air duct with the air supply pipe (304).

8. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting area is also provided with an indoor weather station (101). When the light intensity in the greenhouse is monitored to be greater than 650W / m 2 When the room temperature exceeds 26°C, the control system drives the reel system (303) to close the outer shading film (302) to reflect strong sunlight; and when the room temperature exceeds 26°C, the inner ventilation film (301) is unfolded to release cold air flow.

9. The three-dimensional temperature control system with integrated shading and ventilation for a semi-enclosed greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped air delivery pipe (304) comprises an air delivery pipe and ventilation openings arranged on opposite sides of the air delivery pipe.

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