Deep hole inner groove machining grinding tool and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep hole inner groove machining grinding tool and a machining method, the grinding tool 40 comprises a cutter bar (1) and is characterized by further comprising a grinding wheel (2) and a screw (5), and the grinding wheel (2) is fixedly installed at the end of the cutter bar (1) through the screw (5); the grinding wheel (2) is of a fixed column structure, the side face of the fixed column structure is a grinding part (21), and through chip containing grooves (4) are distributed in the grinding part (21). The end portion of the cutter bar (1) is in a frustum shape (11), a through cooling agent channel (12) is arranged inside the cutter bar (1), a cooling agent outlet (3) is arranged on an inclined face of the frustum-shaped end portion of the cutter bar (1), and the cooling agent outlet (3) is communicated with the cooling agent channel (12) arranged inside the cutter bar (1). According to the method, a grinding mode is used for replacing cutting machining of the deep hole inner groove in the prior art, and an existing machining method of the deep hole inner groove is changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and relates to a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool and a processing method, in particular to a deep hole inner groove processing method for difficult-to-process slender tube-like materials with a large aspect ratio (≥15). Background Art

[0002] In industrial manufacturing, deep-hole internal grooving of slender tubes is a manufacturing challenge, especially the grooving of difficult-to-cut materials with large aspect ratios (≥15). Conventional turning methods are no longer feasible or the accuracy cannot meet the processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical difficulties existing in the above-mentioned deep hole inner groove processing technology, the present invention provides a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool and processing method, using grinding instead of turning, overcoming the problem of deep hole inner groove processing by means of grinding tools and modified machine tools and adding power devices.

[0004] A deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool comprises a tool bar 1, characterized in that it also comprises a grinding wheel 2 and a screw 5, wherein the screw 5 fixes the grinding wheel 2 to the end of the tool bar 1; the grinding wheel 2 is a solid column structure, the side of the solid column structure is a grinding part 21, and a through chip groove 4 is distributed on the grinding part 21; the end of the tool bar 1 is in a frustum shape 11, and a through coolant channel 12 is provided inside the tool bar 1, and a coolant outlet 3 is provided on the inclined surface of the frustum shape 11 at the end of the tool bar 1, and the coolant outlet 3 is communicated with the coolant channel 12 provided inside the tool bar (1).

[0005] The grinding portion 21 on the side of the grinding wheel 2 is provided with one or more chip grooves 4 .

[0006] The knife bar 1 is made of high-rigidity material.

[0007] A method for machining a deep hole inner groove machining abrasive tool, using the aforementioned abrasive tool 40, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: A clamping device 20 is installed on one side of the lathe 10, and a power device 60 is installed on the other side. A screw structure 61 is installed in the lower part of the power device 60. The screw structure 61 is perpendicular to the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed and in the horizontal plane. The screw structure 61 can drive the power device 60 to move horizontally in the horizontal plane. The bottom of the power device 60 is installed on the lathe slide 70, so that the power device 60 can move horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The axis of the clamping device 20 and the axis of the power device 60 in the initial state are in a straight line.

[0009] Step 2: Mount the deep hole workpiece 30 to be machined in the clamping device 20, and securely mount the grinding tool 40 in the power head 62 of the power unit 60, so that the tail end of the coolant channel 12 in the tool shank 1 of the grinding tool 40 is connected to the coolant; and align the axis of the deep hole workpiece 30 and the tool shank 1 of the grinding tool 40 on the same straight line;

[0010] Step 3: Adjust the longitudinal position of the power device 60 so that the power device 60 and the clamping device 20 are close to each other, so that the grinding tool 40 on the power device 60 extends into the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed on the clamping device 20, and use the measuring tool on the lathe 10 to measure the longitudinal position of the grinding wheel 2 on the grinding tool 40 to the designed inner groove 301 in the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed;

[0011] Step 4: The power head 62 of the power device 60 and the clamping device 20 rotate simultaneously, that is, the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed and the grinding tool 40 rotate simultaneously; and the power device 60 is slowly moved to the side of the initial position of the power device 60 by a corresponding set distance according to the designed processing depth of the inner groove 301, so that the inner groove 301 is processed to the set depth;

[0012] Step 5: After the rotating grinding wheel 2 is maintained at the set depth at the inner groove 301 for a set time, the power device 60 drives the grinding tool 40 back to the initial position, and the rotation of the power device 60 and the clamping device 20 is stopped;

[0013] Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5 to process other inner grooves 301 of the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed, until all the inner grooves 301 designed in the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed are completed;

[0014] Step 7: Take the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed out of the clamping device 20 , and the processing of the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed is completed.

[0015] The lathe 10 is a common lathe or a CNC lathe.

[0016] The deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed and the grinding tool 40 have a large relative rotation speed when working, that is, the deep hole workpiece 30 to be processed and the grinding tool 40 both have high rotation speeds, and the rotation speeds are different.

[0017] The deep hole workpiece 30 to be machined and the grinding tool 40 rotate in the same or opposite directions.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] 1. The method of the present invention replaces the existing cutting method for processing the inner groove of a deep hole with grinding, thereby changing the existing processing method of the inner groove of a deep hole.

[0020] 2. The present invention's machining method involves the use of a specific grinding tool and the modification of a machine tool with a power unit to achieve deep-hole internal grooving. By designing a specific grinding tool and replacing cutting with grinding, the present invention addresses the problem of insufficient rigidity in tool bars with large aspect ratios, making machining impossible.

[0021] 3. The present invention customizes or modifies a machine tool, and adds clamping equipment and a power device to achieve relative high-speed rotation of the workpiece and the grinding tool, thereby forming a grinding processing environment. The machine tool travel system drives the grinding tool to axially penetrate into the inner hole of the workpiece and move it to the required processing position, and drives radial feed to achieve grinding of the inner groove.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the modified machine tool is a lathe. The modification includes adding a clamping device and a power unit. The clamping device is connected to the lathe spindle to clamp the workpiece and provide rotational power to the machine spindle; the power unit is connected to the lathe slide to provide reverse rotational power to the grinding tool. Modified machine tools are not limited to lathes and include any form of machine tool that can create this type of grinding conditions.

[0023] 4. By customizing or modifying machine tools and designing specialized grinding tools, this invention effectively enables deep-hole internal grooving in difficult-to-machine materials, a challenge not achievable with conventional lathe machining. This method meets the technical requirements of actual production, providing enhanced stability and safety, and ease of use for operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the grinding tool in Application Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the workpiece and the deep hole groove obtained by machining in Application Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a detailed structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tool bar 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A enlarged view;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C.

[0031] The numbers in the figure are: 1 is the tool rod, 2 is the grinding wheel, 3 is the coolant outlet, 4 is the chip groove, 5 is the screw, 10 is the lathe, 11 is the cone shape, 12 is the coolant channel, 20 is the clamping device, 21 is the grinding part, 30 is the deep hole workpiece, 40 is the grinding tool, 60 is the power device, 61 is the screw structure, 62 is the power head, 70 is the lathe slide, and 301 is the inner groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To meet the processing requirements of inner grooves under deep hole conditions, the processing process is stable, safe and reliable, with high processing precision and easy operation.

[0033] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0034] In order to solve the problem that the inner groove processing of deep holes with large aspect ratios cannot meet the cutting conditions due to insufficient tool bar strength, one of the purposes of the present invention is to use grinding instead of cutting to reduce the requirements for tool bar strength in the processing conditions, so as to realize the inner groove processing of deep holes with large aspect ratios.

[0035] The grinding tool comprises a grinding wheel and a cutter bar. The grinding wheel is mounted on the end of the cutter bar, and the other end of the cutter bar is mounted on a power device. The grinding wheel and the cutter bar are kept concentric.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power device is a high-precision motor power head, which is used to clamp the grinding tool and provide grinding power.

[0037] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after the tool rod is installed, the grinding tool is coaxial with the rotation center of the power device and coaxial or parallel with the axis of the deep hole of the workpiece to be machined.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the grinding wheel and the cutter bar are detachable and replaceable and fixed by screws.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the grinding wheel is designed with cutting grooves, and the number of the cutting grooves is not limited.

[0040] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the tool rod is made of a high-rigidity material, such as cemented carbide.

[0041] To better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool and processing method, the grinding tool includes a grinding wheel 2 and a tool rod 1, the grinding wheel 2 is installed at one end of the tool rod 1 and fastened by a screw 5, the type of grinding wheel abrasive is made according to the processing requirements and can be disassembled and replaced; in order to maintain rigidity, the tool rod is often made of cemented carbide material and is provided with an internal cooling channel.

[0043] In the present invention, the sizes of the grinding wheel and the cutter bar are not specifically limited. The reason is that in the art, a grinding wheel and a cutter bar with appropriate sizes can be selected as a processing abrasive tool according to specific processing requirements.

[0044] The processing method includes customizing or modifying a machine tool to add a workpiece clamping device 20 and a power unit 60, thereby achieving relative high-speed rotation of the workpiece and the grinding tool to create a grinding processing environment. As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the modified machine tool is a lathe 10, and the modification includes adding a clamping device 20 and a power unit 60. The clamping device 20 is connected to the lathe spindle to clamp the workpiece and provide forward rotational power; the power unit 60 is connected to the lathe slide to provide reverse rotational power for the grinding tool 40. When machining the inner groove, the grinding tool 40 is driven axially into the inner hole of the workpiece 30 to reach the predetermined machining position by driving the large lathe slide, and the groove grinding process is completed by driving the radial feed by the middle slide.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a complete set of technical solutions, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the grinding tool includes a grinding wheel 2 and a tool rod 1. The grinding wheel 2 is installed on the end of the tool rod 1 and fastened by a screw 5. The machine tool modification plan includes the installation of a workpiece clamping device 20 and a grinding tool power unit 60. The workpiece clamping device 20 is connected to the main shaft of the lathe 10, and can clamp and adjust the workpiece to rotate with the main shaft. The power unit 60 is installed on the lathe slide, and the grinding tool 40 is installed on the chuck of the power unit. The power unit provides the grinding tool with the reverse rotation power required for grinding.

[0047] Application Example 1

[0048] This application example provides a method for processing deep hole grooves, and moves the processing grinding wheel provided in Example 1 to the processing position to meet the processing size of the groove. The specific structure of the processing grinding tool is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the final groove obtained by processing is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0049] The applicant declares that the present invention is intended to illustrate the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above-described embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described detailed structural features. This does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-described detailed structural features in order to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent replacements for selected components, additions of auxiliary components, and selection of specific embodiments, etc., fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0052] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool, comprising a tool bar (1), characterized in that: The invention also includes a grinding wheel (2) and a screw (5), wherein the screw (5) fixes the grinding wheel (2) to the end of the tool rod (1); the grinding wheel (2) is a solid column structure, the side of the solid column structure is a grinding portion (21), and a through chip groove (4) is distributed on the grinding portion (21); the end of the tool rod (1) is in a frustum shape (11), a through coolant channel (12) is provided inside the tool rod (1), and a coolant outlet (3) is provided on the inclined surface of the frustum shape (11) at the end of the tool rod (1), and the coolant outlet (3) is communicated with the coolant channel (12) provided inside the tool rod (1).

2. A deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding portion (21) on the side of the grinding wheel (2) is provided with one or more chip grooves (4).

3. A deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife bar (1) is made of high-rigidity material.

4. A method for processing a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool, using the grinding tool (40) of claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: A clamping device (20) is installed on one side of a lathe (10), and a power device (60) is installed on the other side. A screw structure (61) is installed in the lower part of the power device (60), and the screw structure (61) is perpendicular to the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed and in a horizontal plane. The screw structure (61) can drive the power device (60) to move horizontally in the horizontal plane. The bottom of the power device (60) is installed on a lathe slide (70) so that the power device (60) can move horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The axis of the clamping device (20) and the axis of the power device (60) in the initial state are on a straight line. Step 2: Mount the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed in the clamping device (20), and securely mount the grinding tool (40) in the power head (62) of the power device (60), so that the tail end of the coolant channel (12) in the tool bar (1) of the grinding tool (40) is connected to the coolant; and the axis of the deep hole workpiece (30) and the tool bar (1) of the grinding tool (40) are on the same straight line; Step 3: Adjust the longitudinal position of the power device (60) so that the power device (60) and the clamping device (20) are close to each other, so that the grinding tool (40) on the power device (60) extends into the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed on the clamping device (20), and measure the longitudinal position of the grinding wheel (2) on the grinding tool (40) to the designed inner groove (301) in the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed by the measuring tool on the lathe (10); Step 4: The power head (62) of the power device (60) and the clamping device (20) are rotated simultaneously, that is, the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed and the grinding tool (40) are driven to rotate simultaneously; and the power device (60) is slowly moved to the side of the initial position of the power device (60) by a corresponding set distance according to the designed processing depth of the inner groove (301), so that the inner groove (301) is processed to the set depth; Step 5: After the rotating grinding wheel (2) is maintained at the set depth at the position of the inner groove (301) for a set time, the power device (60) drives the grinding tool (40) back to the initial state position, and the rotation of the power device (60) and the clamping device (20) is stopped; Step 6: Repeat the contents of step 3 to step 5 to process other inner grooves (301) of the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed, until all the inner grooves (301) designed in the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed are completed; Step 7: Take the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed out of the clamping device (20), and the processing of the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed is completed.

5. The method for processing a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lathe (10) is a common lathe or a numerically controlled lathe.

6. A method for processing a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed and the grinding tool (40) have a large relative rotation speed when working, that is, the deep hole workpiece (30) to be processed and the grinding tool (40) both have high rotation speeds, and the rotation speeds are different.

7. The method for processing a deep hole inner groove processing grinding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deep hole workpiece (30) to be machined and the grinding tool (40) rotate in the same or opposite directions.

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