Vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine and using method

Abstract

According to the vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine and the using method, a stand column is fixed to the rear portion of a base, a longitudinal sliding plate is fixed to the front portion of the base, a transverse sliding plate is fixed to the longitudinal sliding plate, and a lower vertical and horizontal rotation driving device is fixed to the transverse sliding plate; the vertical-horizontal rotating body is provided with a tabletop main shaft perpendicular to the vertical-horizontal rotating body A vertical sliding plate is arranged in front of the stand column, a transposition mechanism is arranged in front of the vertical sliding plate, and a first cutter handle and a second cutter handle are correspondingly arranged at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the transposition mechanism. A dressing grinding wheel which is obliquely arranged and can swing is arranged on the left side of the vertical sliding plate, and the swinging dressing grinding wheel corresponds to the position of the first cutter handle; box bodies are fixed to the two sides of the rear portion of the stand column respectively, a high-position left tool magazine is supported on the left box body, and a low-position right tool magazine is supported on the right box body. The switching time of the vertical mode and the horizontal mode is short, and the positioning precision is high; the grinding wheel swings and obliquely feeds, so that the dressing efficiency is high; the rigidity and the damping performance of the base, the box body and the stand column are improved, and therefore the machining precision can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of internal thread grinding machines, in particular to a vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine and a use method thereof, which are suitable for grinding high-precision internal threads. Background Art

[0002] Traditional internal thread grinding machines have the following defects: (1) Switching between vertical and horizontal modes requires manual adjustment, which takes a long time, more than 5 minutes, and has low positioning accuracy; (2) Grinding wheel dressing relies on single radial feed, the error of complex contour dressing is greater than 5μm, and the dressing efficiency is low; (3) The structural rigidity is insufficient, and the overall thermal deformation is significant, which affects the processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine and a method of use, so as to solve the problems of long switching time between vertical and horizontal modes and low positioning accuracy of existing equipment; solve the problem of low grinding wheel dressing efficiency; and solve the problem of insufficient structural rigidity and affecting processing accuracy.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved in the following way: a vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine, comprising a base and a column, the column is fixed on the rear part of the base, a longitudinal slide is fixed on the front part of the base, a transverse slide is fixed on the longitudinal slide, a lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device is fixed on the transverse slide, the lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device comprises a support seat, a vertical and horizontal swivel and a table spindle, pillars on both sides of the support seat support the vertical and horizontal swivel, and a table spindle perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal swivel is provided on the vertical and horizontal swivel; a vertical slide is provided in front of the column, a shifting mechanism is provided on the front of the vertical slide, and a first tool handle and a second tool handle are provided at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the shifting mechanism respectively; an obliquely arranged and swingable dressing grinding wheel is provided on the left side of the vertical slide, and the grinding wheel axis forms an angle of 30°±0.5° with the horizontal direction, The grinding wheel can be fed obliquely, and the dressing wheel corresponds to the position of the first tool holder; boxes are fixed on both sides of the rear of the column, the left box supports the high-position left tool magazine, and the right box supports the low-position right tool magazine. The double tool magazines adopt a diagonal layout.

[0005] The base is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides. Several ribs fixed to the upper, lower, left and right sides are arranged alternately along the length direction in the inner cavity of the base. Each rib has several through holes alternately arranged on it, which strengthens the rigidity of the base.

[0006] The box body is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides. A damping alloy layer is embedded in the inner cavity of the box body. A hydraulic damper for contacting the foundation is provided at the bottom of the box body. The shock absorption performance of the box body is good.

[0007] The column is a six-sided cylinder with a rectangular cross-section, in which the lower part of the back extends outward relative to the upper part to form a backward inclined back, and the backward inclination angle is selected to be 15°-25°; the thickness of the rear wall is greater than that of the front wall. Generally, the front wall can be 40mm and the rear wall is 60mm. The rear wall is slanted and thickened, and the support is more reasonable.

[0008] The column has a hollow inner cavity, with oblique ribs arranged between the front and rear walls of the column inner cavity, and all the oblique ribs form a serrated shape; the interior of the column is filled with polymer concrete; a number of through holes leading to the column inner cavity are provided on the rear wall, and a magnetorheological damper is installed in each through hole, thereby improving the rigidity and shock absorption of the column.

[0009] In the lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device, a transposition drive motor is installed on the pillar on one side of the support seat. The transposition drive motor is power-connected to the vertical and horizontal rotating body. The transposition drive motor can drive the vertical and horizontal rotating body to rotate 180° along the horizontal axis. A table spindle drive device is installed in the inner cavity of the vertical and horizontal rotating body. The table spindle drive device is connected to the table spindle to drive the table spindle to rotate.

[0010] The transposition mechanism has a transposition drive device driven by a planetary gear train fixed on a vertical slide. A rotating plate is provided on the front guide of the transposition drive device. The output shaft of the transposition drive device is connected to the rotating plate. The first tool holder and the second tool holder are correspondingly provided on both sides of the rotating plate. The transposition mechanism of the planetary gear train can adopt a hydraulic direct-drive planetary frame, which has a short switching time and high repeat positioning accuracy.

[0011] The method of using the vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinder is: through the control system, the switching mechanism is rotated to make the first tool holder and the second tool holder in a vertical position, and the control system is used to operate the vertical and horizontal rotation drive device to make the table spindle in a vertical position. At this time, it becomes a vertical grinder; through the control system, the switching mechanism is rotated to make the first tool holder and the second tool holder in a horizontal position, and the control system is used to operate the vertical and horizontal rotation drive device to make the table spindle in a horizontal position. At this time, it becomes a horizontal grinder. The control system and the drive system can quickly realize the vertical and horizontal conversion.

[0012] The horizontal slide realizes X-axis movement, the longitudinal slide realizes Y-axis movement, the vertical slide realizes Z-axis movement, the first and second tool holders realize A-axis rotation, and the table spindle realizes B-axis rotation, which cooperate with each other to realize five-axis linkage; in addition, the position change mechanism realizes 180° rotation of the C-axis and cooperates with the two tool magazines to realize tool exchange between the first and second tool holders, rotates 90° to realize vertical and horizontal processing mode conversion, and the vertical and horizontal swivel rotates to realize vertical and horizontal processing mode conversion. The D-axis swing and oblique feed of the dressing wheel realize the dressing of the grinding wheel to the tool.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: short switching time between vertical and horizontal modes and high positioning accuracy; high dressing efficiency due to the swing and oblique feeding of the grinding wheel; improved rigidity and shock absorption of the base, box and column, thereby improving machining accuracy; and a dual tool magazine layout that can improve tool changing efficiency, increase the storage capacity of tools, and enhance the machining performance of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a left side view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional image of the base; Figure 4 This is the main view of the base; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of AA; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle BB; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the box; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram after the base and the box are connected; Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the column; Figure 10 It is the main view of the column; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 CC sectional view; Figure 12 This is the front view of the lower vertical and horizontal rotary drive device; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the lower vertical and horizontal rotary drive device; Figure 14 is a perspective view of a transposition drive device; Figure 15 It is the front view of the transposition drive device.

[0015] In the figure: 1-base; 101-rib plate; 102-through hole; 2-box; 201-damping alloy layer; 3-column; 301-rearward tilting back; 302-oblique rib; 303-magnetorheological damper; 4-longitudinal slide; 5-transverse slide; 6-vertical slide; 7-left tool magazine; 8-right tool magazine; 9-transposition mechanism; 901-transposition drive device; 10-first tool holder; 11-second tool holder; 12-dressing grinding wheel; 13-support seat; 1301-pillar; 1302-transposition drive machine; 14-vertical and horizontal swivel; 15-table spindle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Reference Figures 1-15A vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine includes a base 1 and a column 3. The column 3 is fixed on the rear part of the base 1. A longitudinal slide 4 is fixed on the front part of the base 1. A transverse slide 5 is fixed on the longitudinal slide 4. A lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device is fixed on the transverse slide 5. The lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device includes a support base 13, a vertical and horizontal swivel 14 and a table spindle 15. The pillars on both sides of the support base 13 support the vertical and horizontal swivel 14. The table spindle 15 perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal swivel 14 is provided on the vertical and horizontal swivel 14. A vertical slide 6 is provided in front of the column 3, and a shifting mechanism 9 is provided in front of the vertical slide 6. The first tool handle 10 and the second tool handle 11 are provided at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the shifting mechanism 9 respectively; an obliquely arranged and swingable dressing grinding wheel 12 is provided on the left side of the vertical slide 6, and the dressing grinding wheel 12 corresponds to the position of the first tool handle 10; box bodies 2 are fixed on both sides of the rear part of the column 3, and the left box body 2 supports the high-position left tool magazine 10, and the right box body 2 supports the low-position right tool magazine 11.

[0017] The base 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides, and a number of ribs 101 fixed to the upper, lower, left and right sides are arranged alternately along the length direction in the inner cavity of the base 1, and a number of through holes 102 are arranged alternately on each rib 101; the box body 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides, and a layer of damping alloy 201 is pre-embedded in the inner cavity of the box body 2, and a hydraulic damper for contacting the foundation is provided at the bottom of the box body 2; the column 3 is a six-sided column with a rectangular cross-section, wherein the lower part of the rear portion extends outward relative to the upper part to form a backward inclined back 301, and the backward inclined angle is 15°-25°; the thickness of the rear wall is greater than the thickness of the front wall; the column 3 has a hollow inner cavity, and oblique ribs 302 are provided between the front wall and the rear wall of the inner cavity of the column 3, and all oblique ribs 302 form a serrated shape; the inside of the column 3 Filled with polymer concrete; a plurality of through holes leading to the inner cavity of the column 3 are provided on the rear wall, and a magnetorheological damper 303 is installed in each through hole; in the lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device, a transposition drive machine 1302 is installed on the pillar 1301 on one side of the support seat 13, and the transposition drive machine 1302 is connected to the vertical and horizontal rotating body 14 in power, and a table spindle drive device is installed in the inner cavity of the vertical and horizontal rotating body 14, and the table spindle drive device is connected to the table spindle 15; the transposition mechanism 9 has a transposition drive device 901 driven by a planetary gear system fixed on the vertical slide 6, and the front guide of the transposition drive device 901 is provided with a turn plate, and the output shaft of the transposition drive device 901 is connected to the turn plate, and the first tool handle 10 and the second tool handle 11 are correspondingly provided on both sides of the turn plate.

[0018] By rotating the switching mechanism 9 through the control system, the first tool handle 10 and the second tool handle 11 are in a vertical position, and the vertical and horizontal rotation drive devices are manipulated by the control system to make the table spindle 15 in a vertical position, at this time it becomes a vertical grinder; by rotating the switching mechanism 9 through the control system, the first tool handle 10 and the second tool handle 11 are in a horizontal position, and the vertical and horizontal rotation drive devices are manipulated by the control system to make the table spindle 15 in a horizontal position, at this time it becomes a horizontal grinder; through the control system and the drive system, the conversion between vertical and horizontal processing modes can be quickly realized.

[0019] The horizontal slide 5 realizes X-axis movement, the longitudinal slide 4 realizes Y-axis movement, the vertical slide 6 realizes Z-axis movement, the first tool holder 10 and the second tool holder 11 realize A-axis rotation, and the table spindle 15 realizes B-axis rotation, and cooperates with each other to realize five-axis linkage; in addition, the position change mechanism realizes C-axis rotation 180° and cooperates with two tool magazines to realize tool change of the first tool holder 10 and the second tool holder 11, rotates 90° to realize vertical and horizontal processing mode conversion, and the vertical and horizontal swivel rotates to realize vertical and horizontal processing mode conversion. The D-axis swing and oblique feed of the dressing wheel 12 realize the dressing of the tool by the grinding wheel.

Claims

1. A vertical and horizontal five-axis linkage internal thread grinding machine, comprising a base and a column, wherein the column is fixed on the rear part of the base, characterized in that: A longitudinal slide (4) is fixed on the front of the base (1), a transverse slide (5) is fixed on the longitudinal slide (4), a lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device is fixed on the transverse slide (5), and the lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device includes a support seat (13), a vertical and horizontal rotating body (14) and a table top spindle (15), the pillars on both sides of the support seat (13) support the vertical and horizontal rotating body (14), and the table top spindle (15) perpendicular to the vertical and horizontal rotating body (14) is provided; a vertical slide (6) is provided in front of the column (3), and the vertical slide A shift mechanism (9) is provided on the front of the (6), and a first tool handle (10) and a second tool handle (11) are provided at the upper left corner and the lower right corner of the shift mechanism (9); a dressing grinding wheel (12) arranged obliquely and swingable is provided on the left side of the vertical slide (6), and the dressing grinding wheel (12) corresponds to the position of the first tool handle (10); boxes (2) are fixed on both sides of the rear part of the column (3), and the left box (2) supports the upper left tool magazine (7), and the right box (2) supports the lower right tool magazine (8).

2. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides. A plurality of ribs (101) fixed to the upper, lower, left and right sides are arranged alternately along the length direction in the inner cavity of the base (1). Each rib (101) is provided with a plurality of through holes (102) alternately.

3. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (2) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure consisting of six sides. A damping alloy layer (201) is pre-embedded in the inner cavity of the box body (2). A hydraulic damper for contacting the foundation is provided at the bottom of the box body (2).

4. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (3) is a hexagonal column with a rectangular cross section, wherein the lower portion of the rear portion extends outward relative to the upper portion to form a rearwardly inclined back surface (301), with a rearwardly inclined angle of 15°-25°; the thickness of the rear wall is greater than that of the front wall.

5. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (3) has a hollow inner cavity, and oblique ribs (302) are provided between the front wall and the rear wall of the inner cavity of the column (3), and all the oblique ribs (302) form a sawtooth shape; the interior of the column (3) is filled with polymer concrete; a plurality of through holes leading to the inner cavity of the column (3) are provided on the rear wall, and a magnetorheological damper (303) is installed in each through hole.

6. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lower vertical and horizontal rotation drive device, a transposition drive machine (1302) is installed on a pillar on one side of the support seat (13), and the transposition drive machine (1302) is connected to the vertical and horizontal rotating body (14) in a power connection. A table top spindle drive device is installed in the inner cavity of the vertical and horizontal rotating body (14), and the table top spindle drive device is connected to the table top spindle (15).

7. The vertical and horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transposition mechanism (9) has a transposition drive device (901) driven by a planetary gear train fixed on a vertical slide (6). A rotating plate is provided on the front guide of the transposition drive device (901). The output shaft of the transposition drive device (901) is connected to the rotating plate. The first tool handle (10) and the second tool handle (11) are provided on both sides of the rotating plate.

8. A method for using the vertical-horizontal five-axis internal thread grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The control system rotates the position change mechanism (9) so that the first tool handle (10) and the second tool handle (11) are in a vertical position, and the control system operates the vertical and horizontal rotation drive device so that the table spindle (15) is in a vertical position, at which time it becomes a vertical grinding machine; The control system rotates the position change mechanism (9) so that the first tool handle (10) and the second tool handle (11) are in a horizontal position, and the control system operates the vertical and horizontal rotation drive device so that the table spindle (15) is in a horizontal position, and the machine becomes a horizontal grinding machine.

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