Special-shaped column formwork reinforcing system and formwork erecting process
Through the special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system, the problem of loose connection of special-shaped column formwork is solved by using gap-filling reinforcement parts and multi-layer constraint structure, achieving high-efficiency and low-loss construction effects, and improving construction quality and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510986525.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional formwork technology is difficult to effectively support and reinforce special-shaped columns, resulting in loose formwork connections and insufficient reinforcement, which are prone to defects such as formwork expansion, leakage, and explosion. The construction period is long and material loss is high.
A special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system is adopted, including special-shaped column formwork, gap-filling reinforcement parts and peripheral reinforcement devices, forming a three-layer force transmission system. The circumferential restraint force is provided through the combination of the gap-filling external frame, wooden squares and adjustable square and round buckles.
It significantly improves the construction quality and efficiency of special-shaped columns, reduces formwork time and material loss, improves the density and verticality of concrete, and achieves the construction effect of plain concrete.
Smart Images
Figure CN120625865A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system and a formwork support process. Background Art
[0002] With the acceleration of my country's urbanization and the iterative upgrade of architectural technology, high-rise buildings are becoming increasingly mainstream. Against this backdrop, architectural structural design places higher demands on space utilization, functional adaptability, and aesthetic expression. Special-shaped columns, with their flexible cross-sections and lack of protruding interior corners, significantly enhance the integrity and usability of interior spaces while also enhancing the artistic expression of building facades. This type of structure is widely used in high-rise residential buildings and large public buildings. For example, Terminal 1 of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport utilizes 51 pairs of double horseshoe-shaped special-shaped columns, effectively supporting large spans and optimizing the visual experience.
[0003] However, the complex geometric form of special-shaped columns also brings significant construction difficulties, especially in the formwork support and reinforcement links. Unlike conventional square columns or round columns, the cross-section of special-shaped columns usually has multiple external and internal corners, and the cross-sectional dimensions are large, which leads to multiple bottlenecks in traditional formwork technology. The geometric complexity makes it difficult to adapt the formwork, and the formwork of special-shaped columns needs to be customized and assembled in blocks according to the cross-sectional contour. The external corner is a stress concentration point. If the formwork is not tightly connected or insufficiently reinforced, it is very easy to cause the formwork to bulge, leak slurry, or even explode under the lateral pressure of concrete, resulting in defects such as angular defects and honeycombed surface in the formed column. Due to the small space at the internal corner, conventional column hoops or tension bolts cannot be effectively set, which weakens the overall rigidity.
[0004] External corners are weak points in formwork splicing, and traditional reinforcement often uses pins or local tension bolts. However, due to insufficient number or position deviation, it is difficult to evenly transmit the lateral pressure of the concrete. Since it is impossible to install continuous hoop at the internal corner, it mainly relies on vertical pressure bars and tension bolts. If the bolt spacing is too large or the floor is not leveled well, it is easy to cause root leakage and "root rot". In addition, the lack of rigidity of the reinforcement parts makes them prone to rust and deformation in humid environments, further reducing the reliability of the support. In addition, the special-shaped column formwork accounts for more than 30% of the main construction period. Traditional loose formwork requires multi-layer and segmented construction, and the pouring of floor slabs relies on full-floor scaffolding support, resulting in low formwork turnover and high rental costs. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to solve the problem that special-shaped columns are difficult to support using traditional formwork methods due to their irregular shapes and large cross-sectional dimensions.
[0006] The present invention provides a special-shaped column template reinforcement system, which includes a special-shaped column template, a gap-filling reinforcement member and a peripheral reinforcement device in sequence from the center to the periphery; The special-shaped column template is arranged outside the special-shaped column, and the size of the special-shaped column template is adapted to the special-shaped column, including a regular area template covering the regular area of the special-shaped column and a special-shaped area template covering the irregular area of the special-shaped column; The gap-filling reinforcement member includes a gap-filling outer frame and a special-shaped template support. The gap-filling outer frame connects the regular area template to form a complete rectangular outer contour; the special-shaped template support is fixedly arranged in the gap-filling outer frame and has a shape adapted to the special-shaped area template to provide support for the special-shaped area template; The peripheral reinforcement device is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular outer contour to apply an annular restraining force to the overall structure composed of the special-shaped column template and the gap-filling reinforcement member.
[0007] As a preferred solution, the peripheral reinforcement device is an adjustable square and round buckle, which is locked by a pin; multiple first wooden squares are arranged between the square and round buckle and the special-shaped column template, and the first wooden squares are arranged along the circumference of the rectangular outer contour.
[0008] As a preferred solution, a plurality of second wooden beams are arranged along the entire length between the special-shaped formwork support and the special-shaped column formwork.
[0009] A special-shaped column formwork process is also provided, which uses the special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system and includes the following steps: S1. Processing the special-shaped formwork support according to the shape of the special-shaped column, so that the special-shaped formwork support adapts to the outer surface of the special-shaped column template; the position of the filling outer frame connecting the special-shaped column template is set to chamfer the filling outer frame to fit the special-shaped column template; S2. After the reinforcement of the special-shaped column is tied, the special-shaped column formwork is installed, a second wooden square is set outside the special-shaped column formwork, and multiple first wooden squares are set outside the rectangular outer contour of the outer frame and regular area template to fill the gap; S3. The prefabricated filling reinforcement member is inserted between the second wood and the first wood, and a circle of square buckles is provided on the outside of the filling reinforcement member and the first wood to complete a circumferential constraint; S4. Repeat step S3 from the bottom of the column to the top of the column, and set multiple gap-filling reinforcements and square and round buckles in the vertical direction to complete the special-shaped column formwork.
[0010] As a preferred solution, the bottom layer of square buckles should not exceed 200mm from the floor.
[0011] As a preferred solution, the spacing between adjacent square and round buckles is no more than 300 mm.
[0012] As a preferred solution, a detachable auxiliary bracket is used to temporarily fix the first wooden square to assist in the installation of the square and round buckle, and the auxiliary bracket is installed on the outside of the first wooden square; after the square and round buckle is locked, the auxiliary bracket is removed and installed to the position of the next square and round buckle.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention significantly improves the construction quality and efficiency of special-shaped structures through the synergistic effect of gap-filling reinforcements and multi-layer constraint structures. The gap-filling outer frame and the regular area formwork of the special-shaped column jointly construct a complete rectangular outline, so that the irregular area of the special-shaped column obtains rigid support. The system forms a three-layer force transmission system: the special-shaped formwork support transmits the lateral pressure of the concrete to the gap-filling frame; the second wooden square is arranged along the entire length of the formwork to decompose the local concentrated load; the first wooden square is continuously arranged along the circumference of the rectangular outer contour to form an annular load-bearing structure; finally, the adjustable square and round buckles apply circumferential constraint force to form a three-dimensional constraint grid.
[0014] 2. The present invention enables the system to reduce the formwork time by at least 50%, the material loss rate from 12% to 3%, and the formwork cost from the original 456 yuan / piece to 295.37 yuan / piece. After demolding, ultrasonic testing shows that the standard deviation of concrete density is only 0.18g / cm³, and the qualified rate of column verticality is 100%. At the same time, standardized and prefabricated efficient turnover operations are achieved, reducing the material loss rate. In terms of quality, the bolt holes reinforced with tension bolts are eliminated, the overall surface appearance is better, and the construction effect of plain concrete can be achieved. Through the standardized prefabrication of detachable gap-filling reinforcements, a reusable and efficient solution is provided for the construction of complex and special-shaped concrete structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an axial schematic diagram of the present invention; Numbers in the figure: 1. Special-shaped column formwork; 11. Regular area formwork; 12. Special-shaped area formwork; 2. Gap-filling reinforcement; 21. Gap-filling outer frame; 22. Special-shaped formwork support; 3. Adjustable square and round buckles; 4. First wooden square; 5. Second wooden square. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] To illustrate the features of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0017] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system. The system structure comprises a special-shaped column formwork 1, a gap-filling reinforcement member 2, and a peripheral reinforcement device, arranged in order from the column body outward. The special-shaped column formwork 1 is made of wood formwork. The regular area formwork 11 covers the rectangular straight edges of the column, while the special-shaped area formwork 12 precisely fits the triangular corners of the column. The gap-filling reinforcement 2 uses 50*50*3 galvanized square steel as the processing material of the gap-filling component, including a gap-filling outer frame 21 and a special-shaped formwork support 22 composed of welded square steel. The gap-filling outer frame 21 and the regular area formwork 11 are assembled into a complete rectangular frame by bolts. The special-shaped formwork support 22 is welded to the inner side of the gap-filling outer frame 21, and the curvature of its curved surface and the gap between the outer surface of the special-shaped area formwork 12 is not more than 2mm; the peripheral reinforcement device adopts an adjustable square buckle 3 with a width of 150mm, and the outer side is matched with a 50×70mm first wooden square 4 arranged along the circumference of the rectangle, and a 50×70mm second wooden square 5 is set between the special-shaped area formwork 12 and the special-shaped formwork support 22.
[0018] This embodiment significantly improves the construction quality and efficiency of special-shaped structures through the synergistic effect of gap-filling reinforcements and multi-layer constraint structures. The gap-filling outer frame and the regular area formwork of the special-shaped column jointly construct a complete rectangular outline, providing rigid support for the irregular area of the special-shaped column. The system forms a three-layer force transmission system: the special-shaped formwork support transmits the lateral pressure of the concrete to the gap-filling frame; the second wooden squares are arranged along the entire length of the formwork to decompose the local concentrated load; the first wooden squares are continuously arranged along the circumference of the rectangular outer contour to form a ring-shaped load; finally, the adjustable square and round buckles apply the circumferential constraint force to form a three-dimensional constraint grid.
[0019] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a special-shaped column formwork process, using the special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system of Example 1, and implementing the following process during construction: Step S1: Process the special-shaped formwork support 22 according to the BIM model data so that its surface curvature error is ≤1‰, and process a 45-degree chamfer at the connection position between the gap-filling outer frame 21 and the regular area formwork 11 to ensure a close fit; Step S2: After the steel bars are accepted, the special-shaped column formwork 1 is installed. The second wooden squares 5 with a vertical spacing of 200 mm are arranged outside the special-shaped area formwork 12. The first wooden squares 4 with a vertical spacing of 300 mm are arranged outside the rectangle formed by the regular area formwork 11 and the gap-filling outer frame 21. Step S3: insert the prefabricated gap-filling reinforcement member 2 between the second wooden square 5 and the first wooden square 4, install the first square buckle 3 at the bottom of the column 180 mm from the floor, and use the triangular pin to hammer the iron sheet from top to bottom into the reserved hole to tighten it to form a circumferential constraint; Step S4, repeat the installation from bottom to top with a spacing of 280mm. Each time a square buckle 3 is installed, the first wooden square 4 is temporarily fixed with a detachable auxiliary bracket. After locking, the bracket is removed and moved to the upper floor for use.
[0020] The measured verticality deviation of the column after pouring was ≤2mm / m, and there was no formwork expansion or leakage in the irregularly shaped areas. This system can reduce formwork time by at least 50%, reduce material loss from 12% to 3%, and reduce formwork costs from 456 yuan per column to 295.37 yuan per column. Ultrasonic testing after formwork removal showed a standard deviation of concrete density of only 0.18g / cm³, and a 100% pass rate for column verticality. At the same time, standardized and prefabricated processes achieve efficient turnover and reduce material loss. In terms of quality, the use of tension bolts to reinforce bolt holes is eliminated, resulting in a better overall surface appearance and the ability to achieve the construction effect of fair-faced concrete. Through the standardized prefabrication of removable gap-filling reinforcements, a reusable and efficient solution is provided for the construction of complex and irregular-shaped concrete structures.
[0021] The above embodiments and accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and are intended to fall within the scope of the claims. Other related technical structures not fully disclosed in the present invention constitute prior art in the art.
Claims
1. A special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system, characterized by: From the center to the periphery, it includes a special-shaped column template (1), a gap-filling reinforcement member (2) and a peripheral reinforcement device; The special-shaped column template (1) is arranged outside the special-shaped column, and the size of the special-shaped column template (1) is adapted to the special-shaped column, and includes a regular area template (11) covering the regular area of the special-shaped column and a special-shaped area template (12) covering the irregular area of the special-shaped column; The gap-filling reinforcement member (2) comprises a gap-filling outer frame (21) and a special-shaped template support (22), wherein the gap-filling outer frame (21) is connected to the regular area template (11) to form a complete rectangular outer contour; the special-shaped template support (22) is fixedly arranged in the gap-filling outer frame (21) and has a shape adapted to the special-shaped area template (12), providing support for the special-shaped area template (12); The peripheral reinforcement device is sleeved outside the rectangular outer contour and applies a circumferential restraining force to the overall structure consisting of the special-shaped column template (1) and the gap-filling reinforcement member (2).
2. The special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheral reinforcement device is an adjustable square buckle (3), which is locked by a pin; a plurality of first wooden squares (4) are arranged between the square buckle (3) and the special-shaped column template (1), and the first wooden squares (4) are arranged along the circumference of the rectangular outer contour.
3. The special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second wooden squares (5) are arranged along the entire length between the special-shaped formwork support (22) and the special-shaped column formwork (1).
4. A special-shaped column formwork process, using the special-shaped column formwork reinforcement system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Processing the special-shaped template support (22) according to the shape of the special-shaped column so that the special-shaped template support (22) adapts to the outer surface of the special-shaped column template (1); the position of the filling outer frame (21) connecting the special-shaped column template is set to chamfer the filling outer frame (21) so that the filling outer frame (21) fits the special-shaped column template (1); S2. After the reinforcement of the special-shaped column is tied, the special-shaped column template (1) is installed, a second wooden square (5) is set outside the special-shaped column template (1), and multiple first wooden squares (4) are set outside the rectangular outer contour formed by the gap-filling outer frame and the regular area template (11); S3. Insert the prefabricated gap-filling reinforcement member (2) between the second wood (5) and the first wood (4), and set a circle of square buckles (3) on the outside of the gap-filling reinforcement member (2) and the first wood (4) to complete a circumferential constraint; S4. Repeat step S3 from the bottom of the column to the top of the column, and set multiple gap-filling reinforcement members (2) and square and round buckles (3) in the vertical direction to complete the special-shaped column formwork.
5. The special-shaped column formwork process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom layer of square buckle (3) is no more than 200mm away from the floor.
6. The special-shaped column formwork process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent square and round buckles (3) is not greater than 300 mm.
7. The special-shaped column formwork process according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detachable auxiliary bracket is used to temporarily fix the first wooden square (4) to assist the installation of the square and round buckle (3), and the auxiliary bracket is installed on the outside of the first wooden square (4); after the square and round buckle (3) is locked, the auxiliary bracket is removed and installed at the position of the next square and round buckle (3).