Water quality detection sampling system and method for hydraulic engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses a water quality detection sampling system and method for a water conservancy project, and belongs to the technical field of water quality detection sampling, the system comprises a data collection module, a data processing module, a sampling execution module and a feedback and optimization module, the data collection module is responsible for collecting basic sampling data in all water quality areas in the whole water conservancy project; the data processing module is responsible for sequentially calculating a preliminary evaluation value WC, a sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and an adjusted sampling point number DY, the sampling execution module is responsible for updating and executing results output by the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the adjusted sampling point number DY in real time, and the feedback and optimization module is responsible for storing, updating and repeating the data processing process. According to the invention, adaptive optimization of data processing is realized, so that scientificity, accuracy and efficiency of water quality detection are improved, the detection cost is reduced, and the data processing capability of the system for coping with complex water quality changes is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water quality detection and sampling, and in particular to a water quality detection and sampling system and method for a water conservancy project. Background Art

[0002] In the field of water conservancy projects, water quality testing is a key link in ensuring the rational use of water resources, ecological environmental safety, and the quality of people's daily water use. Accurate water quality testing depends on scientific and reasonable sampling systems and methods.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies do not fully consider the dynamic changes in the distribution of pollution sources, water flow characteristics, and water pollution risks. In the actual sampling process, in some areas with complex water flows and a large number of pollution sources, the true water quality situation cannot be accurately captured due to fixed sampling points, and the sampling frequency is not adjusted according to the degree of water pollution and the changing trend, thus failing to achieve precise adjustment of the sampling frequency. In addition, existing technologies are relatively simple in data processing and have not formed a complete algorithm system based on comprehensive analysis of multiple factors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the shortcomings of lack of flexibility in setting sampling points, unreasonable sampling frequency, and lack of systematic data processing. To this end, we propose a water quality detection sampling system and method for water conservancy projects.

[0005] The technical solution is mainly: a water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects, including a data collection module, a data processing module, a sampling execution module, and a feedback and optimization module. The data processing module includes a preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, a sampling frequency adjustment unit, and a sampling point adjustment processing unit;

[0006] The data collection module is responsible for collecting basic sampling data in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project, including the number of pollution sources DW, the regional total amount N, the number of times exceeding the standard C, the area of ​​the monitoring area DM, the average flow velocity L, the historical average sampling interval JT and the number of basic sampling points JY;

[0007] The data processing module is responsible for sequentially calculating the preliminary evaluation value WC, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, and the number of adjusted sampling points DY based on the data collection of the basic sampling data;

[0008] The sampling execution module is responsible for updating the output results of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the adjusted number of sampling points DY in real time;

[0009] The feedback and optimization module is responsible for storing and updating basic sampling data, preliminary evaluation value WC, sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, number of sampling points after adjustment DY, and repeating the data processing process.

[0010] Preferably, the data collection module includes a pollution source data collection unit, a historical data collection unit, a regional and water flow data collection unit, and a basic sampling point data determination unit, and the equipment used in the data collection module includes data collection equipment and water sample collection equipment;

[0011] The equipment used by the data processing module includes a data calculation and processing module;

[0012] The sampling execution module includes a sampling point arrangement unit, a water sample collection unit, and a water quality detection unit, and the equipment used in the sampling execution module includes an automatic sampler and water quality detection equipment;

[0013] The feedback and optimization module includes a data updating unit and a cyclic calculation unit, and the devices used by the feedback and optimization module include a data storage device.

[0014] Preferably, the calculation formula for the preliminary assessment of water quality risk units is as follows:

[0015] ;

[0016] in:

[0017] WC is the preliminary assessment value, which reflects the water pollution risk of the current water quality area;

[0018] DW is the number of pollution sources, DW refers to the number of various pollution sources identified in the current water quality area;

[0019] PW is the average amount of pollution sources. PW is a quantification of the average degree of pollutant discharge from pollution sources identified in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project. Calculated;

[0020] N is the total area, DW i is the number of pollution sources i;

[0021] C is the number of times the water quality test results in the current water quality area exceeded the relevant standards in the past month. When the first sampling test is performed in the current water quality area, C is set to 0.

[0022] Reflect the overall pollution potential of pollution sources within the current water quality area;

[0023] DM is the area of ​​the monitoring region, and DM refers to the area of ​​the current water quality area;

[0024] L is the average flow velocity of water, L refers to the average flow velocity of water in the current water quality area;

[0025] Represents the volume of water passing through the current water quality area per unit time.

[0026] Preferably, the calculation formula of the sampling frequency adjustment unit is as follows:

[0027] ;

[0028] in:

[0029] PT is the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient;

[0030] JT is the historical average sampling interval. JT refers to the average time interval for water quality sampling in the current water quality area in the past week. When the first sampling and detection calculation is performed in the current water quality area, JT is set as the initial manually set sampling interval.

[0031] Preferably, the calculation formula of the sampling point adjustment processing unit is as follows:

[0032] ;

[0033] in:

[0034] DY is the number of sampling points after adjustment;

[0035] JY is the number of basic sampling points. JY refers to the number of sampling points initially set in the current water quality area before the first sampling test calculation;

[0036] The result is the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased relative to the basic number of sampling points JY.

[0037] Preferably, the preliminary assessment of water quality risk units , the sampling frequency adjustment unit , the sampling point adjustment processing unit of as well as The purpose is to ensure that the calculation results are within a reasonable range and avoid unreasonable fluctuations in subsequent calculation results caused by excessively large or small values.

[0038] Preferably, based on the adjusted number of sampling points DY, the sampling execution module is used to execute the adjusted number of sampling points DY for the next detection sampling in the current water quality area;

[0039] When executing the adjusted number of sampling points DY, it is necessary to increase or decrease the frequency of the next detection sampling in the current water quality area according to the value of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT.

[0040] Another technical solution is mainly: a method for sampling water quality for water conservancy projects, the specific implementation steps include:

[0041] Step S1, using the data processing module to collect basic sampling data of all water quality areas in the entire water conservancy project in real time;

[0042] Step S2: Based on the basic sampling data and using the data processing module, perform calculations of the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, the sampling frequency adjustment unit, and the sampling point adjustment processing unit;

[0043] Step S3, executing the data processing result based on the results of the sampling frequency adjustment unit and the sampling point adjustment processing unit and using the sampling execution module;

[0044] Step S4: Utilize the feedback and optimization module for storage.

[0045] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0046] In the present invention, the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit calculates a preliminary assessment value WC by comprehensively considering the number of pollution sources DW, the regional total amount N, the number of times the standard is exceeded C, the area of ​​the monitoring area DM, and the average flow velocity L of the water flow. On this basis, the sampling point adjustment processing unit dynamically determines the number of adjusted sampling points DY in combination with the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and other relevant parameters calculated by the sampling frequency adjustment unit. This enables the setting of the sampling points to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual water quality pollution risk, and increases the sampling points in areas with high pollution risks and reduces the sampling points in areas with low pollution risks, thereby improving the pertinence and accuracy of sampling.

[0047] In the present invention, the sampling frequency adjustment unit uses the preliminary evaluation value WC and the average water flow velocity L, combined with the historical average sampling interval time JT, to calculate the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, and can dynamically adjust the sampling frequency according to the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT. This is specifically manifested in increasing the sampling frequency during periods of high water pollution risk and large water flow changes, and reducing the sampling frequency during periods of relatively stable water quality.

[0048] In the present invention, the three calculation formulas of the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, the sampling frequency adjustment unit, and the sampling point adjustment processing unit are interrelated to form a complete data processing chain. Among them, the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit provides a preliminary assessment value WC of water pollution risk for subsequent calculations. The sampling frequency adjustment unit calculates the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT based on this. The sampling point adjustment processing unit then dynamically determines the number of adjusted sampling points DY based on the previous results. In addition, the new water quality detection data will be fed back into the calculation of the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, forming a circular optimization mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the water quality testing and sampling method used in this water conservancy project;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water quality detection and sampling system used in this water conservancy project. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects, including a data collection module, a data processing module, a sampling execution module, a feedback and optimization module, and the data processing module includes a preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, a sampling frequency adjustment unit, and a sampling point adjustment processing unit.

[0053] The data collection module is responsible for collecting basic sampling data in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project, including the number of pollution sources DW, the regional total amount N, the number of times exceeding the standard C, the area of ​​the monitoring area DM, the average flow velocity L, the historical average sampling interval JT and the number of basic sampling points JY.

[0054] The data processing module is responsible for calculating the preliminary evaluation value WC, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, and the number of sampling points DY after adjustment based on the data collection of the basic sampling data.

[0055] The sampling execution module is responsible for updating the output results of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the adjusted sampling point number DY in real time.

[0056] The feedback and optimization module is responsible for storing and updating the basic sampling data, the preliminary evaluation value WC, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, the number of sampling points after adjustment DY, and repeating the data processing process.

[0057] The data collection module includes a pollution source data collection unit, a historical data collection unit, a regional and water flow data collection unit, and a basic sampling point data determination unit, and the equipment used in the data collection module includes data collection equipment and water sample collection equipment.

[0058] The equipment used by the data processing module includes a data calculation and processing module.

[0059] The sampling execution module includes a sampling point arrangement unit, a water sample collection unit, and a water quality detection unit, and the equipment used by the sampling execution module includes an automatic sampler and water quality detection equipment.

[0060] The feedback and optimization module includes a data updating unit and a cyclic calculation unit, and the devices used by the feedback and optimization module include a data storage device.

[0061] In the data collection module of this embodiment, the pollution source data collection unit is responsible for field investigation and measurement of the number of pollution sources DW related to the pollution sources; the historical data collection unit is responsible for reviewing and organizing the number of times C of exceeding the standard in historical water quality detection records; the regional and water flow data collection unit is responsible for measuring the monitoring area DM and the average flow velocity L of the water flow; the basic sampling point data determination unit determines the regional total N and the number of basic sampling points JY based on the conditions of all water quality areas in the water conservancy project.

[0062] The data processing module uses the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit to calculate the preliminary assessment value WC, and then uses the sampling frequency adjustment unit to calculate the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT based on this, and combines it with the sampling point adjustment processing unit to calculate the adjusted number of sampling points DY.

[0063] The sampling point arrangement unit in the sampling execution module arranges the basic sampling point number JY in the current water quality area according to the adjusted sampling point number DY. The water sample collection unit collects water samples at each sampling point according to the sampling frequency. The water quality detection unit detects the collected water samples to obtain water quality data.

[0064] The data update unit in the feedback and optimization module updates the new water quality test data to the historical data, while the cyclic calculation unit repeats the data processing process to optimize the sampling strategy.

[0065] The preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, the sampling frequency adjustment unit, and the sampling point adjustment processing unit form a complete data processing logic chain that runs through all modules and units of the water quality detection and sampling system of the water conservancy project, working in conjunction with related equipment to achieve significant beneficial effects. In the data collection module, multi-source data obtained by various types of equipment are comprehensively processed by the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, thereby comprehensively assessing the water quality pollution risk and providing a reliable basis for subsequent calculations. The sampling frequency adjustment unit plays a role in the data processing module, dynamically processing and calculating data based on historical data, and calculating the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT to ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of monitoring. The sampling point adjustment processing unit further processes the data and determines the number of sampling points DY after dynamic adjustment. This is used to guide the sampling execution module to rationally arrange sampling points and improve monitoring accuracy. At the same time, the results of the sampling point adjustment processing unit are fed back to update the data, forming a closed loop for the entire system, achieving adaptive optimization of data processing, and improving the scientificity, accuracy, and efficiency of water quality testing, reducing testing costs, and enhancing the system's ability to cope with complex water quality changes.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in this implementation plan: the calculation formula for preliminary assessment of water quality risk units is as follows:

[0067] .

[0068] in:

[0069] WC is a preliminary assessment value, which reflects the water pollution risk in the current water quality area.

[0070] DW is the number of pollution sources. DW refers to the number of various pollution sources that have been identified in the current water quality area.

[0071] PW is the average amount of pollution sources. PW is a quantification of the average degree of pollutant discharge from pollution sources identified in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project. Calculated.

[0072] N is the total area, DW i is the number of pollution sources at the ith level.

[0073] C is the number of times the standard is exceeded. C reflects the number of times the water quality test results in the current water quality area exceed the relevant standards in the past month. When the first sampling test is performed in the current water quality area, C is set to 0.

[0074] Reflects the overall pollution potential of pollution sources in the current water quality area.

[0075] DM is the area of ​​the monitoring region, and DM refers to the area of ​​the current water quality area.

[0076] L is the average flow velocity of water, and L refers to the average flow velocity of water in the current water quality area.

[0077] Represents the volume of water passing through the current water quality area per unit time.

[0078] In the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit of this embodiment, The calculation part is used to evaluate the overall pollution potential of pollution sources in the current water quality area. Among them, the number of pollution sources DW reflects the number of pollution sources, and the average amount of pollution sources PW reflects the average degree of pollutants discharged by pollution sources in each water quality area. The multiplication of the two can obtain an approximate value of the total amount of pollution generated by all pollution sources in the current water quality area, and The result of the calculation part is one of the basic data for assessing water pollution risks, representing the potential impact of the current direct pollution situation on water quality.

[0079] and The calculation part takes into account the impact of historical water quality violations on the current water pollution risk. The more times C the water quality exceeds the standard in the past, the more potential and difficult-to-solve pollution problems exist in the current water quality area. Multiplying by 5 is to appropriately increase the weight of historical violations in the overall assessment. The calculation part supplements historical pollution information to make the water pollution risk assessment more comprehensive. The calculation part serves as the numerator of the preliminary assessment of water quality risk unit and is the core value of water pollution risk assessment, reflecting the current pollution pressure in the water quality area.

[0080] The calculation part takes into account the dilution effect of the size of the current water quality area and the water flow capacity on pollution, and normalizes the pollution impact value as the denominator for the preliminary assessment of water quality risk units. It is used to balance the pollution risk assessment under different area sizes and water flow conditions, making the assessment results more comparable.

[0081] The preliminary assessment of water quality risk units comprehensively considers multiple key factors, including the number of pollution sources DW, the regional total amount N, the number of violations C, the area of ​​the monitoring area DM, and the average flow velocity L. In data processing, it integrates and calculates different types of data to avoid the one-sidedness of single-factor assessment. Specifically, only considering the number of pollution sources DW while ignoring the average amount of pollution sources PW, or only focusing on the current pollution situation without considering historical violation records, cannot accurately reflect the true risk of water pollution. Through the calculation of the preliminary assessment of water quality risk units, a comprehensive and objective preliminary assessment of water pollution risks can be made, and a scientific basis can be provided for subsequent adjustments to sampling strategies.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment: the calculation formula of the sampling frequency adjustment unit is as follows:

[0083] .

[0084] in:

[0085] PT is the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient.

[0086] JT is the historical average sampling interval. JT refers to the average time interval for water quality sampling in the current water quality area in the past week. When the first sampling and detection calculation is performed in the current water quality area, JT is set as the initial manually set sampling interval.

[0087] In the sampling frequency adjustment unit of this embodiment, The calculation part comprehensively considers the impact of the preliminary assessment value WC and the average water flow velocity L on the sampling frequency. The preliminary assessment value WC reflects the pollution level of the current water quality area, and the average water flow velocity L affects the diffusion rate of pollutants. The multiplication of the two can reflect the dynamic changes of pollution. The historical average sampling interval time JT is used as a reference benchmark to measure the current sampling frequency that needs to be adjusted. By comparing the intermediate values ​​calculated by the calculation part, it can be determined how the sampling frequency needs to be adjusted at present so that the adjustment coefficient can reflect the adjustment range relative to the historical situation.

[0088] The sampling frequency adjustment unit dynamically calculates the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT based on the preliminary assessment value WC calculated by the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit and the average water flow velocity L. In terms of data processing, it combines the water pollution risk and water flow conditions with the historical sampling interval time to achieve dynamic adjustment of the sampling frequency. When the water pollution risk is high and the water flow velocity changes greatly, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT will increase accordingly, thereby increasing the sampling frequency to capture changes in water quality in a timely manner. Conversely, when the water quality is relatively stable, the sampling frequency can be appropriately reduced to avoid unnecessary waste of resources.

[0089] right The calculation part is processed by square root so that the calculation results can balance the influence of different factors to a certain extent. This is because the product of water pollution risk and water flow velocity will produce large numerical changes due to fluctuations of certain factors. Square root can make this change smoother, thereby avoiding the excessive influence of a certain factor and making the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT more reasonable.

[0090] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment: the calculation formula of the sampling point adjustment processing unit is as follows:

[0091] .

[0092] in:

[0093] DY is the number of sampling points after adjustment.

[0094] JY is the number of basic sampling points. JY refers to the number of sampling points initially set in the current water quality area before the first sampling test calculation.

[0095] The result is the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased relative to the basic number of sampling points JY.

[0096] Based on the adjusted number of sampling points DY, the sampling execution module is used to execute the adjusted number of sampling points DY for the next detection sampling in the current water quality area.

[0097] When executing the adjusted number of sampling points DY, it is necessary to increase or decrease the frequency of the next detection sampling in the current water quality area according to the value of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT.

[0098] In the sampling point adjustment processing unit of this embodiment, The calculation part considers the impact of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the monitoring area DM on the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased. Among them, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT reflects the degree to which the sampling frequency needs to be adjusted according to the pollution and water flow conditions. The larger the monitoring area DM, the more sampling points are needed for comprehensive coverage, and thus an intermediate value related to the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased is obtained.

[0099] The calculation part considers the influence of water flow velocity and water pollution risk on the distribution density of sampling points. Among them, the average water flow velocity L affects the diffusion of pollutants, and the preliminary assessment value WC reflects the degree of pollution. The multiplication of the two can reflect the distribution of pollution. The denominator of the calculation part, used to adjust The calculation part calculates the intermediate value and obtains the final number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased.

[0100] The basic sampling point number JY is the basis for calculating the number of dynamic sampling points. It represents the basic number of sampling points set in the current water quality area under normal circumstances. It is predetermined according to the size of the current water quality area and terrain factors. It is the starting point for dynamic adjustment. The basic sampling point number JY is the basic value of the dynamic sampling point number, plus The calculation part calculates the increase and decrease, and then obtains the final adjusted number of sampling points DY.

[0101] The sampling point adjustment processing unit combines the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and other relevant parameters calculated by the sampling frequency adjustment unit to dynamically determine the number of sampling points DY after adjustment. In data processing, it comprehensively considers multiple factors such as the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, the monitoring area DM, the average water flow velocity L and the number of pollution sources DW, so that the number of sampling points can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions. In areas with high pollution risks and large monitoring areas, the number of sampling points can be appropriately increased to more comprehensively monitor water quality. In areas with low pollution risks and stable water flow conditions, the number of sampling points can be reduced to improve detection efficiency.

[0102] The adjusted number of sampling points DY calculated by the sampling point adjustment processing unit can optimize the traditional fixed sampling point setting method. It avoids the disadvantage of using the same number of sampling points in all areas of water conservancy projects. Instead, it adjusts the sampling strategy according to the specific water quality conditions and environmental factors, making it more scientific and reasonable and improving the accuracy and reliability of water quality detection.

[0103] The adjusted number of sampling points DY calculated by the sampling point adjustment processing unit will affect the subsequent collection of water quality test data, and the new water quality test data will update the number of pollution sources DW and the number of times the standard is exceeded C, which will be substituted into the preliminary assessment of water quality risk unit for recalculation. This cyclical impact enables the water quality pollution risk assessment to be continuously optimized according to the latest actual situation. In actual application, if more sampling points are added to a certain area, more pollution sources will be found and the number of times the standard is exceeded C in the past will be counted more accurately, thereby making the preliminary assessment value WC calculated by the preliminary assessment of water quality risk unit more accurate.

[0104] As the preliminary assessment results of the water quality risk unit are updated, the sampling frequency adjustment unit and the sampling point adjustment processing unit will also be recalculated accordingly, thereby adjusting the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the number of adjusted sampling points DY. This cyclic mechanism enables the water quality detection and sampling system to adaptively adjust the sampling strategy according to the dynamic changes in water quality. When the water quality conditions change, the system can respond in a timely manner to ensure the effectiveness and accuracy of water quality detection, and realize dynamic optimization of data processing and sampling strategies.

[0105] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in this implementation plan: preliminary assessment of water quality risk units , the sampling frequency adjustment unit , sampling point adjustment processing unit of as well as The purpose is to ensure that the calculation results are within a reasonable range and avoid unreasonable fluctuations in subsequent calculation results caused by excessively large or small values.

[0106] In the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit of this embodiment, The denominator of the calculation part is multiplied by 1000 mainly to scale the calculation results, thereby reducing the overall preliminary assessment value WC. From the perspective of actual physical meaning, the product of the monitoring area DM and the average water flow velocity L represents the volume-related quantity of water passing through the monitoring area per unit time. In actual conditions, the pollution impacts brought about by the number of pollution sources DW, the average amount of pollution sources PW, and the number of past violations C are relatively small in the entire large volume of water flow and large area of ​​monitoring area. Multiplying by 1000 can make the assessment value more in line with the actual pollution risk magnitude, avoid the assessment value being too large, and make subsequent calculations and decisions based on the assessment value more reasonable.

[0107] In the sampling frequency adjustment unit, The numerator in the calculation part is multiplied by 100 in order to appropriately amplify the influence of the preliminary evaluation value WC and the average water flow velocity L on the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT. This is because the preliminary evaluation value WC and the average water flow velocity L are themselves relatively small values. Multiplying by 100 before taking the square root can enhance the weight of these two factors in calculating the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT. Because the preliminary evaluation value WC and the average water flow velocity L are very important factors in determining the sampling frequency, appropriately amplifying their influence can make the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT more accurately reflect the actual degree of adjustment required.

[0108] In the sampling point adjustment processing unit, The numerator of the calculation part is multiplied by 0.001 in order to reduce the calculation result. Among them, the monitoring area DM is usually a large value. The sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT multiplied by the monitoring area DM will get a large value. Multiplying by 0.001 can reduce this value to an appropriate range, avoiding the calculated number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased being too large, so that the number of dynamic sampling points can fluctuate within a small range around the basic sampling point number, which is more in line with the actual sampling needs. The denominator is multiplied by 10 in order to appropriately amplify the value of the denominator. This can further control the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased, making the calculation result more stable and reasonable. By amplifying the denominator, the influence of the numerator on the final result can be reduced, thereby avoiding excessive fluctuations in the number of dynamic sampling points, ensuring that the calculation result is within a reasonable range, and the difference with the basic sampling point number JY is within an acceptable small range.

[0109] In summary, the use of these coefficients is to make the calculation results of data processing in the formula more in line with the actual water quality testing and sampling needs of water conservancy projects, so that the entire system can reasonably adjust the sampling strategy according to actual conditions.

[0110] It should be noted that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present invention should also be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects, characterized by: It includes a data collection module, a data processing module, a sampling execution module, and a feedback and optimization module. The data processing module includes a preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, a sampling frequency adjustment unit, and a sampling point adjustment processing unit; The data collection module is responsible for collecting basic sampling data in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project, including the number of pollution sources DW, the regional total amount N, the number of times exceeding the standard C, the area of ​​the monitoring area DM, the average flow velocity L, the historical average sampling interval JT and the number of basic sampling points JY; The data processing module is responsible for sequentially calculating the preliminary evaluation value WC, the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, and the number of adjusted sampling points DY based on the data collection of the basic sampling data; The sampling execution module is responsible for updating the output results of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT and the adjusted number of sampling points DY in real time; The feedback and optimization module is responsible for storing and updating basic sampling data, preliminary evaluation value WC, sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT, number of sampling points after adjustment DY, and repeating the data processing process.

2. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection module includes a pollution source data collection unit, a historical data collection unit, a regional and water flow data collection unit, and a basic sampling point data determination unit, and the equipment used in the data collection module includes data collection equipment and water sample collection equipment; The equipment used by the data processing module includes a data calculation and processing module; The sampling execution module includes a sampling point arrangement unit, a water sample collection unit, and a water quality detection unit, and the equipment used in the sampling execution module includes an automatic sampler and water quality detection equipment; The feedback and optimization module includes a data updating unit and a cyclic calculation unit, and the devices used by the feedback and optimization module include a data storage device.

3. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the preliminary assessment of water quality risk units is as follows: ； in: WC is the preliminary assessment value, which reflects the water pollution risk of the current water quality area; DW is the number of pollution sources, DW refers to the number of various pollution sources identified in the current water quality area; PW is the average amount of pollution sources. PW is a quantification of the average degree of pollutant discharge from pollution sources identified in all water quality areas of the entire water conservancy project. Calculated; N is the total area, DW i is the number of pollution sources i; C is the number of times the water quality test results in the current water quality area exceeded the relevant standards in the past month. When the first sampling test is performed in the current water quality area, C is set to 0. Reflect the overall pollution potential of pollution sources within the current water quality area; DM is the area of ​​the monitoring region, and DM refers to the area of ​​the current water quality area; L is the average flow velocity of water, L refers to the average flow velocity of water in the current water quality area; Represents the volume of water passing through the current water quality area per unit time.

4. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the sampling frequency adjustment unit is as follows: ； in: PT is the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient; JT is the historical average sampling interval. JT refers to the average time interval for water quality sampling in the current water quality area in the past week. When the first sampling and detection calculation is performed in the current water quality area, JT is set as the initial manually set sampling interval.

5. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the sampling point adjustment processing unit is as follows: ； in: DY is the number of sampling points after adjustment; JY is the number of basic sampling points. JY refers to the number of sampling points initially set in the current water quality area before the first sampling test calculation; The result is the number of sampling points that need to be increased or decreased relative to the basic number of sampling points JY.

6. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preliminary assessment of water quality risk unit , the sampling frequency adjustment unit , the sampling point adjustment processing unit of as well as The purpose is to ensure that the calculation results are within a reasonable range and avoid unreasonable fluctuations in subsequent calculation results caused by excessively large or small values.

7. A water quality detection and sampling system for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the adjusted number of sampling points DY, the sampling execution module is used to execute the adjusted number of sampling points DY for the next detection sampling in the current water quality area; When executing the adjusted number of sampling points DY, it is necessary to increase or decrease the frequency of the next detection sampling in the current water quality area according to the value of the sampling frequency adjustment coefficient PT.

8. A water quality detection and sampling method for a water quality detection and sampling system for a water conservancy project according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps include: Step S1, using the data processing module to collect basic sampling data of all water quality areas in the entire water conservancy project in real time; Step S2: Based on the basic sampling data and using the data processing module, perform calculations of the preliminary water quality risk assessment unit, the sampling frequency adjustment unit, and the sampling point adjustment processing unit; Step S3, executing the data processing result based on the results of the sampling frequency adjustment unit and the sampling point adjustment processing unit and using the sampling execution module; Step S4: Utilize the feedback and optimization module for storage.

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