A red copper plate welding device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a red copper plate welding device, which comprises a casing, a light-reflecting plate, a heat source and a plurality of welding stations arranged in the casing, and the plurality of welding stations are arranged along the vertical direction; a conveying assembly and a laser welding head are arranged at each welding station, the conveying assembly is used for conveying two red copper plates along the horizontal direction, and a weld is formed between the two red copper plates; the laser welding head is arranged obliquely and is used for emitting laser to the weld, the laser can be reflected onto the upper red copper plate after being reflected by the red copper plate; the light-reflecting plate is arranged above the uppermost red copper plate and is used for reflecting the laser reflected from the uppermost red copper plate back to the uppermost red copper plate; and the heat source is used for heating the lowermost red copper plate. Thus, the laser reflected by the red copper plate can be utilized, the heating of the red copper plate can be realized, and the temperature gradient between the weld and the red copper plate can be reduced, thereby improving the welding quality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a red copper plate welding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Red copper, also known as red copper, is a kind of industrial pure copper, which is named because of its purple red color, and it is widely used in industrial field because of its excellent electrical conductivity, ductility and thermal conductivity.

[0003] In the industrial processing process, red copper can be processed into various forms such as pipe and plate according to different use requirements through rolling, drawing and other processes; among them, red copper plate has a wide range of application scenarios in electrical and construction industries. In order to realize the connection and structure forming of red copper plate, welding becomes an indispensable key process.

[0004] With the development of welding technology, laser welding is gradually applied to the field of red copper plate welding with its advantages of high precision and high efficiency. For example, the laser welding device disclosed in Chinese patent application CN118559197A includes a tool clamp, a laser and a laser welding head, wherein the tool clamp is used to fix the workpiece; the laser is used to output a composite beam for welding the workpiece, the composite beam includes a ring-shaped beam and a center beam, the center beam is located in the ring-shaped beam; the laser welding head is used to converge the composite beam on the workpiece and swing the composite beam, so as to realize high-quality welding of red copper materials with large thickness.

[0005] However, the existing laser welding device also has some problems in the process of welding red copper plate: due to the physical characteristics of high thermal conductivity and high reflectivity of red copper plate (its initial reflectivity to laser is as high as 80%-90%), there is obvious energy loss problem in the welding process: in the initial stage of welding, a large amount of laser energy is reflected to the outside environment by the surface of red copper plate, causing serious energy waste, and even if the remaining laser energy successfully acts on the red copper plate, due to its high thermal conductivity, the heat will quickly spread to the surrounding, making it difficult to quickly reach the effective welding temperature in the welding area. In order to meet the welding requirements, it is often necessary to increase the emission power of the laser, which not only greatly increases the energy consumption cost, but also puts higher requirements on the performance and service life of the laser. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a red copper plate welding device in view of the poor welding quality problem existing in the current red copper plate welding process.

[0007] The above-mentioned purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] The application discloses a red copper plate welding device, which comprises a casing, a reflecting plate, a heat source and a plurality of welding stations arranged in the casing, wherein the plurality of welding stations are arranged in a vertical direction; a conveying assembly and a laser welding head are arranged at each welding station, the conveying assembly is configured to convey two red copper plates in a transverse direction, and a weld joint is formed between the two red copper plates; the laser welding head is arranged obliquely and is configured to emit laser to the weld joint, and the laser is reflected to the upper red copper plate after being reflected by the red copper plate; the reflecting plate is arranged above the uppermost red copper plate and is configured to reflect the laser reflected from the uppermost red copper plate back to the uppermost red copper plate; and the heat source is configured to heat the lowermost red copper plate.

[0009] Further, initially, the laser welding head of the uppermost layer has a first focal point, and all the other laser welding heads have a second focal point, which is arranged lower than the first focal point relative to the red copper plate; two adjacent weld joints form a group, and when the upper weld joint reaches a preset temperature, the laser welding head corresponding to the lower weld joint is adjusted to switch from the second focal point to the first focal point.

[0010] Further, the preset temperatures corresponding to the weld joints of different layers are different, and the preset temperatures increase in turn from top to bottom.

[0011] Further, each conveying assembly comprises a plurality of pairs of conveying rollers, the pairs of conveying rollers are arranged in a transverse direction at intervals, two conveying rollers of the same pair are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the same red copper plate, and the conveying rollers can rotate around their own axes.

[0012] Further, two push rings are sleeved on each conveying roller, the push rings can slide along the axis direction of the conveying roller, the two push rings on the same conveying roller are arranged on the outer sidewalls of the two red copper plates forming the same weld joint, each push ring is connected with the casing through an elastic member, and the push ring has a tendency to tightly push the red copper plate inward under the action of the elastic member.

[0013] Further, the elastic member is a compression spring.

[0014] Further, in the direction of conveying the red copper plates, from back to front, the elastic coefficients of the compression springs of the same layer increase in turn.

[0015] Further, the red copper plate welding device further comprises a distance adjusting mechanism configured to inversely adjust the distance between two adjacent red copper plates in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate and the reflecting plate according to the thickness of the red copper plate; and the laser welding head moves synchronously with the red copper plate in the layer where the laser welding head is located.

[0016] Further, the distance adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of variable pitch screw rods and a plurality of pairs of support seats, the pairs of variable pitch screw rods are arranged in the lateral direction, the two variable pitch screw rods in the same pair are located outside the two ends of the same conveying roller, the variable pitch screw rods are vertically arranged and each has a variable pitch screw groove, and the pitch of the variable pitch screw groove gradually increases from bottom to top; the pairs of support seats are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of conveying assemblies in the middle, the two support seats in the same pair are rotatably sleeved on the two ends of all the conveying rollers of the same conveying assembly; the support seats are simultaneously sleeved on all the variable pitch screw rods on the same side and are screwedly connected with the variable pitch screw rods through the variable pitch screw grooves; and the reflecting plate is simultaneously sleeved on all the variable pitch screw rods and is screwedly connected with the variable pitch screw rods through the variable pitch screw grooves.

[0017] Further, the shell is provided with an observation window configured to observe the welding condition of the red copper plate.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages:

[0019] The present application relates to a red copper plate welding device, which comprises a plurality of welding stations arranged in the vertical direction, a laser welding head arranged at each welding station, and a reflecting plate arranged at the uppermost welding station. The laser is reflected between the uppermost red copper plate and the reflecting plate and between the two adjacent red copper plates in the vertical direction through the linkage among the laser welding head, the red copper plate and the reflecting plate. The laser reflected by the red copper plate to the external environment is utilized, the utilization rate of the laser is improved, the red copper plate is heated, the temperature gradient between the weld and the red copper plate is reduced, the temperature of the welding area is more uniform, the generation of thermal stress is effectively reduced, the risk of welding cracks is reduced, the cooling speed of the molten pool is reduced, the gas is discharged, the formation of pores is reduced, and the welding quality is improved.

[0020] Further, the laser welding head has a first focal point and a second focal point, and the second focal point is arranged lower than the first focal point relative to the red copper plate. When the laser welding head has the first focal point, the welding quality is ensured; when the laser welding head has the second focal point, the laser reflected by the red copper plate is more concentrated on the upper red copper plate, and the heating efficiency of the upper red copper plate is improved.

[0021] Further, by arranging two pushing rings, and arranging the two pushing rings to be capable of respectively elastically abutting on the outer side walls of the two red copper plates forming the same welding seam, the pre-tightening force can be applied to the two red copper plates forming the same welding seam, so that the two red copper plates forming the same welding seam have the tendency of being tightly close, thereby resisting the thermal stress of the red copper plates due to welding, so that the welding seam formed by the two red copper plates is not deviated too much, and the welding quality is ensured.

[0022] Further, by arranging the elastic coefficients of the compression springs in the same layer to be sequentially increased from back to front along the direction of conveying the red copper plates, the situation that the thermal stress is large near the position of the laser welding head and the thermal stress is small far from the position of the laser welding head is adapted, so that the situation that the two red copper plates are deviated due to different thermal stresses is reduced, and the welding quality is beneficial to be ensured.

[0023] Further, by arranging the distance adjusting mechanism, when facing the thicker red copper plate, the distance between the adjacent two red copper plates in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate and the reflecting plate are both close, so that the situation of too much dispersion of laser reflection is avoided, thereby increasing the absorption rate of the red copper plate to the laser and improving the heating efficiency; when facing the thinner red copper plate, the distance between the adjacent two red copper plates in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate and the reflecting plate are both far, so that the laser is more dispersed, thereby reducing the absorption rate of the red copper plate to the laser and avoiding the problem of melting through. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure;

[0025] Figure 2 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure; Figure 1

[0026] Figure 3 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure; Figure 2

[0027] Figure 4 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure; Figure 2

[0028] Figure 5 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure;

[0029] Figure 6 A perspective structural schematic view of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding the red copper plate is shown in the figure; Figure 5

[0030] ​​​​Figure 7 The front view structural schematic diagram of the red copper plate welding equipment without observation window provided by the embodiment of the present application when welding red copper plate;

[0031] Figure 8 The red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application is characterized in that: Figure 7 The local enlarged structural schematic diagram of Y in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 9 The red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application is characterized in that: Figure 8 The A-A cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 The red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application is characterized in that: Figure 7 The local enlarged structural schematic diagram of Z in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 The working principle diagram of the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Wherein:

[0036] 1, the shell; 101, the first sliding groove; 102, the second sliding groove; 103, the observation window; 104, the driving cylinder;

[0037] 2, the reflector plate;

[0038] 3, the electromagnetic heating part;

[0039] 4, the conveying assembly; 401, the conveying roller;

[0040] 5, the laser welding head; 501, the first focal point; 502, the second focal point; 503, the convergence point;

[0041] 6, the push ring;

[0042] 7, the compression spring;

[0043] 8, the distance adjusting mechanism; 801, the variable pitch screw rod; 802, the support seat; 8021, the fixed column; 8022, the transfer part; 8023, the sliding part; 80231, the third sliding groove;

[0044] 9, the red copper plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application is further described in detail below by embodiments, and in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0046] The serial numbers of components used herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects, and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 11 The red copper plate welding device provided by the embodiments of the present application is particularly suitable for welding red copper plate 9, and of course, it is also suitable for welding other plates with high thermal conductivity and high reflectivity.

[0049] In the existing field of laser welding of red copper plate 9, a laser is usually used to weld the red copper plate 9; however, in the initial stage of welding, a large amount of laser energy is reflected by the surface of the red copper plate 9. Taking a welding power of 2000W as an example, the initial reflected energy can reach 1600-1800W, causing serious energy waste; even if the remaining energy successfully acts on the red copper plate 9, due to its extremely high thermal conductivity, the heat will quickly spread to the surrounding, making it difficult to quickly reach the effective welding temperature in the welding area. In order to meet the welding requirements, the laser power often needs to be increased to 1.5-2 times of the conventional welding power, which not only greatly increases the energy consumption cost, but also puts higher requirements on the performance and service life of the laser. According to statistics, the unit energy consumption cost of laser welding of red copper plate 9 is 3-5 times higher than that of welding ordinary steel, which greatly limits the large-scale application and promotion of laser welding technology of red copper plate 9.

[0050] Based on this, the copper plate welding equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a cabinet 1, a light-reflecting plate 2 and a plurality of welding stations in the cabinet 1, wherein the plate surface of the light-reflecting plate 2 is horizontally arranged and close to the top of the cabinet 1; the plurality of welding stations are arranged in the vertical direction and avoid interference; each welding station is provided with a conveying assembly 4 and a laser welding head 5, the conveying assembly 4 is configured to be able to convey two copper plates 9 from back to front, the two copper plates 9 are arranged in the left-right direction and a weld joint is formed between the two copper plates 9, and the plate surface of the copper plate 9 is horizontally arranged when the copper plate 9 is conveyed; an opening is formed on the front and rear side walls of the cabinet 1 and corresponds to the welding station, and the opening is used to receive or discharge the copper plate 9; the laser welding head 5 is located on the front side of the welding station and is arranged close to the top, the laser welding head 5 extends downward and rearward as a whole and is directed to the copper plate 9, so as to facilitate the emission of laser to the weld joint for welding; the light-reflecting plate 2 is located above the uppermost copper plate 9. Exemplarily, the number of welding stations can be three and arranged in the vertical direction at equal intervals; correspondingly, the number of the conveying assemblies 4 and the laser welding heads 5 is also three, so that three pairs of copper plates 9 can be welded at one time.

[0051] When the laser welding head 5 emits laser, the laser irradiated on the copper plate 9 will be reflected, for the uppermost copper plate 9, the reflected laser will be reflected to the bottom of the light-reflecting plate 2, then reflected by the light-reflecting plate 2 and returned to the uppermost copper plate 9 again, so that the uppermost copper plate 9 can receive the laser emitted by the corresponding laser welding head 5 of the current layer and the laser reflected by the light-reflecting plate 2, and the light-reflecting plate 2 can be made of a material with high reflectivity to ensure that the laser energy emitted by the uppermost laser welding head 5 can be absorbed by the uppermost copper plate 9 as much as possible; for other copper plates 9, the laser reflected by the copper plate 9 can be reflected to the bottom of the copper plate 9 of the upper layer, so that the copper plate 9 of the upper layer can receive the laser emitted by the corresponding laser welding head 5 of the current layer and the laser emitted by the corresponding laser welding head 5 of the lower layer at the same time, and the sum of the two makes the laser energy absorbed by the copper plate 9 of other layers and the laser energy absorbed by the uppermost copper plate 9 equivalent; for the lowermost copper plate 9, the energy carried by the laser reflected by the lowermost copper plate 9 is mostly absorbed by the second-to-last copper plate 9, and there is no other reflected laser below it, in order to ensure that the energy absorbed by all copper plates 9 is equivalent, a heat source is further arranged in the cabinet 1, the heat source can be an electromagnetic heating part 3 and is arranged at the lowermost welding station and configured to heat the lowermost copper plate 9.

[0052] Thus, by the synergistic effect of the plurality of welding stations arranged in the vertical direction, the laser welding heads 5 at each welding station, the reflector 2 at the uppermost layer welding station, and the heat source, a system for recycling laser energy and heating the copper plate 9 is constructed, so that the laser energy that would otherwise be reflected to the outside is fully utilized, and heating of all the copper plates 9 is achieved. This heating method makes the heat distribution in the welding area more uniform. When the laser energy is recycled and acts on the copper plate 9, the temperature difference between the weld area and the non-weld area is reduced, i.e. the temperature gradient between the weld and the copper plate 9 is reduced. The reduction in temperature gradient reduces the difference in thermal expansion caused by uneven temperature within the material. During the welding process, when the material in the weld area cools and shrinks after the laser is turned off, the constraining effect of the surrounding material is weakened, thereby effectively reducing the generation of thermal stress and reducing the risk of welding cracks.

[0053] At the same time, due to the more uniform temperature in the welding area and the relatively stable overall temperature level, the cooling rate of the molten pool is slowed down; the slower cooling rate provides more time for the gas in the molten pool to escape, allowing the gas to be more fully discharged, thereby reducing the formation of pores. In summary, through effective utilization of laser energy and a reasonable heating method, temperature uniformization is achieved, thermal stress and porosity are reduced, and ultimately the welding quality of the copper plate 9 is improved.

[0054] Specifically, each conveying assembly 4 can be provided with two conveying belts arranged in the left-right direction, and the conveying belts extend horizontally in the front-rear direction as a whole, each conveying belt being used to convey a copper plate 9 from back to front, so that two copper plates 9 can be arranged in a spaced manner to form a weld.

[0055] More specifically, to reduce heat exchange between the copper plate 9 and the conveying belt, a heat insulation layer is provided on the outer belt surface of the conveying belt, and the material of the heat insulation layer can be ceramic fiber.

[0056] It can be understood that a conveying chain can also be used instead of a conveying belt.

[0057] In further embodiments, to further improve the heating efficiency of the copper plate 9, the uppermost laser welding head 5 is provided with a first focal point 501, and all other laser welding heads 5 are provided with a second focal point 502, and the second focal point 502 is arranged lower than the first focal point 501 relative to the copper plate 9, so that the laser reflected by the copper plate 9 is more concentrated on the upper copper plate 9, improving the heating efficiency of the upper copper plate 9.

[0058] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the first focal point 501 of the uppermost laser welding head 5 is arranged at the center of the copper plate 9, and the second focal point 502 of the other laser welding heads 5 is arranged at the edge of the copper plate 9. Figure 11As shown, the laser welding head 5 with the first focal point 501 and the laser welding head 5 with the second focal point 502 are both at the same height and reflect laser light to the lower copper plate 9 along the same slope. Since the second focal point 502 is arranged lower than the first focal point 501 relative to the copper plate 9, the converging point 503 of the laser light emitted by the laser welding head 5 with the second focal point 502 after being reflected by the lower copper plate 9 is closer to the upper copper plate 9 than the converging point 503 of the laser light emitted by the laser welding head 5 with the first focal point 501 after being reflected by the lower copper plate 9. Thus, the diameter of the light spot formed on the upper copper plate 9 by the laser light emitted by the laser welding head 5 with the second focal point 502 after being reflected by the lower copper plate 9 is d, and the diameter of the light spot formed on the upper copper plate 9 by the laser light emitted by the laser welding head 5 with the first focal point 501 after being reflected by the lower copper plate 9 is D, D>d. Therefore, by adjusting all the laser welding heads 5 to have the second focal point 502 initially except the uppermost one, the laser light reflected by the copper plate 9 is more concentrated on the other copper plates 9 except the uppermost and lowermost ones, thereby helping to improve the heating efficiency of the other copper plates 9 except the uppermost and lowermost ones.

[0059] And two adjacent welds are a group. When the upper weld reaches the preset temperature, the laser welding head 5 corresponding to the lower weld is adjusted to switch from the second focal point 502 to the first focal point 501, so as to ensure the welding quality of the lower weld, and further ensure the welding quality of all the welds.

[0060] In further embodiments, in order to improve the overall welding efficiency, the preset temperatures corresponding to the welds of different layers are different, and the preset temperature increases from top to bottom.

[0061] Specifically, taking the heating temperature required by the welds as 200℃ and the welds as three layers as an example, the preset temperatures of the welds from top to bottom are set as 195℃, 198℃, when the uppermost weld reaches 195℃, the middle laser welding head 5 is switched from the second focal point 502 to the first focal point 501, so that the laser energy emitted thereby mainly acts on the middle weld, at this time, the uppermost laser welding head 5 itself has the first focal point 501, so that the laser energy emitted thereby mainly acts on the uppermost weld; when the middle weld reaches 198℃, the heat source is turned off, and the lowermost laser welding head 5 is switched from the second focal point 502 to the first focal point 501, so that the laser energy emitted thereby mainly acts on the lowermost weld, at this time, the uppermost weld also reaches 198℃, and at the same time, the lowermost weld also reaches 198℃ under the heating action of the heat source; since the three laser welding heads 5 all have the first focal point 501, the laser energy received by the three welds can be kept consistent, so that the three welds can reach 200℃ at the same time, so that the welding of the three welds can be started at the same time, the waiting time is avoided, and the overall welding efficiency can be improved.

[0062] In other embodiments, each conveying assembly 4 can also be provided to include a plurality of pairs of conveying rollers 401, the conveying rollers 401 extend horizontally along the left-right direction and are rotatably inserted into the casing 1 at both ends, the plurality of pairs of conveying rollers 401 are arranged side by side and spaced apart along the front-rear direction, the two conveying rollers 401 of the same pair are arranged side by side and spaced apart along the up-down direction, and are commonly supported on the upper and lower sides of the same piece of red copper plate 9. When the conveying rollers 401 rotate, the red copper plate 9 can be driven to move from back to front through the frictional contact between the conveying rollers 401 and the red copper plate 9.

[0063] It can be understood that, in order to provide the driving force for the rotation of the conveying rollers 401, the conveying assembly 4 is provided to further include a first driving member.

[0064] It can be understood that the first driving member can be provided as a driving motor or a hydraulic motor. Taking the case where the first driving member is provided as a driving motor as an example, the driving motor is arranged on the casing 1, and the motor shaft and one of the two conveying rollers 401 of the same pair are coaxial and fixedly connected, so as to ensure that the conveying roller 401 can rotate around its own axis, and thus drive the red copper plate 9 to move from back to front through the following of the other conveying roller 401.

[0065] In further embodiments, red copper itself has very high thermal conductivity, under the action of welding heat source, the weld area and the non-welding area will form a significant temperature gradient; when the laser locally heats the red copper plate 9, the weld and its vicinity material rapidly heats up and expands, while the area away from the weld is still in a relatively low temperature state due to faster heat dissipation, this uneven temperature distribution will cause thermal expansion differences in the material. As the welding process proceeds, after the laser leaves, the weld area material begins to cool and shrink, at this time, the cooled surrounding material will constrain the weld area that is shrinking, this constraint makes the weld area bear tensile stress, while the surrounding area may bear compressive stress; due to the fact that the strength of red copper decreases at high temperature, and the local temperature change rate is extremely fast during welding, this interaction of tensile stress and compressive stress is extremely easy to cause plastic deformation of the material. Under the continuous action of thermal stress, the weld will deform. This deformation can be manifested as length shortening caused by longitudinal shrinkage, width change caused by transverse shrinkage, or angular deformation, wave deformation caused by uneven stress distribution, etc.

[0066] Based on this, in the red copper plate welding equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application, two push rings 6 are arranged on each conveying roller 401, the two push rings 6 are arranged in a left-right direction and can slide along the axis direction of the conveying roller 401 under the guidance of the axis direction of the conveying roller 401, the left push ring 6 on the same conveying roller 401 pushes against the left side wall of the left red copper plate 9 forming the same weld, and the right push ring 6 pushes against the right side wall of the right red copper plate 9 forming the same weld; each push ring 6 is connected to the machine shell 1 through an elastic member, which can be a compression spring 7, the compression spring 7 is sleeved on the conveying roller 401 during installation, under the action of the compression spring 7, the push ring 6 can rotate relative to the conveying roller 401, thereby avoiding affecting the rotation of the conveying roller 401 and the pushing of the red copper plate 9, and also has the tendency to push the red copper plate 9 inward, thereby being able to apply a pre-tightening force to the two red copper plates 9 forming the same weld, when thermal stress attempts to deform the weld, the pre-tightening force will resist this deformation tendency. For example, when the weld length shortens due to longitudinal shrinkage or the width changes due to transverse shrinkage caused by thermal stress, the pre-tightening force will hinder this shrinkage; when angular deformation or wave deformation occurs, the pre-tightening force will also have an inhibitory effect on it. In this way, the pre-tightening force and the thermal stress interact with each other, offset or weaken the influence of the thermal stress on the weld, so that the weld formed by the two red copper plates 9 will not deviate too much, thereby ensuring the welding quality.

[0067] In further embodiments, to further improve the welding quality of the weld, the elastic coefficients of the compression springs 7 in the same layer are sequentially increased from back to front along the direction in which the red copper plates 9 are conveyed. This arrangement is because, for the same weld, from front to back, the temperature gradually decreases and the thermal stress gradually decreases as the distance from the laser welding head 5 gradually increases. In the case where the elastic coefficients of the compression springs 7 are constant, the pre-tightening force provided by the compression springs 7 through the pushing ring 6 may be sufficient for the front part of the weld, but may be excessive for the rear part of the weld, causing the weld to be deformed and further reducing the welding quality of the weld. By sequentially increasing the elastic coefficients of the compression springs 7 in the same layer from back to front along the direction in which the red copper plates 9 are conveyed, when the weld is deformed, the pre-tightening force provided by the compression springs 7 through the pushing ring 6 is greater for the front part of the weld corresponding to the compression springs 7 with greater elastic coefficients, thereby being able to adapt to the case where the thermal stress is greater at the position of the weld close to the laser welding head 5, and the pre-tightening force provided by the compression springs 7 through the pushing ring 6 is smaller for the rear part of the weld corresponding to the compression springs 7 with smaller elastic coefficients, thereby being able to adapt to the case where the thermal stress is smaller at the position of the weld away from the laser welding head 5, thereby being able to reduce the deflection of the two red copper plates 9 due to different thermal stresses, and facilitate the guarantee of the welding quality.

[0068] It should be noted that, to ensure that the pre-tightening force of the compression springs 7 in the same layer on the two red copper plates 9 forming the same weld is the same at the beginning, the compression springs 7 at different positions can be adjusted to have different compression amounts, specifically, the springs with greater elastic coefficients have smaller compression amounts, and the springs with smaller elastic coefficients have greater compression amounts, thereby ensuring that the pre-tightening force of the compression springs 7 in the same layer on the two red copper plates 9 forming the same weld is the same at the beginning.

[0069] In other embodiments, the elastic member can also be arranged as a rubber base body connected between the pushing ring 6 and the casing 1 when installed. Under the action of the rubber base body, the pushing ring 6 has a tendency to move inward, thereby being able to tightly hold the two red copper plates 9 forming the same weld, thereby being able to resist the thermal stress of the red copper plates 9 due to welding, so that the weld formed by the two red copper plates 9 is not too deviated, and the welding quality is guaranteed.

[0070] Similarly, to adapt to the situation that the thermal stress near the laser welding joint 5 is large and the thermal stress far from the laser welding joint 5 is small, the size (such as diameter, cross-sectional area, etc.) of the rubber matrix in the same layer can be increased in sequence from back to front along the direction in which the red copper plate 9 is conveyed. When the weld appears to be deformed, for the front weld part, the corresponding rubber matrix with a larger size has a larger pre-tightening force provided by the push ring 6, so as to adapt to the situation that the thermal stress near the laser welding joint 5 is large. For the rear weld part, the corresponding rubber matrix with a smaller size has a smaller pre-tightening force provided by the push ring 6, so as to adapt to the situation that the thermal stress far from the laser welding joint 5 is small. Thus, the deflection of the two red copper plates 9 due to different thermal stresses can be reduced, and the welding quality can be ensured.

[0071] In other embodiments, the thickness difference of the red copper plate 9 directly affects the energy demand and heat conduction characteristics during the welding process. For thicker red copper plates 9, the heat capacity of the material itself is larger, and the internal heat conduction path is longer. When laser energy acts on the surface, heat will quickly spread to the deep layer and the periphery of the plate. If the laser energy is insufficient, the weld area will be difficult to reach the temperature threshold required for effective welding in a short time, resulting in insufficient penetration, low penetration rate, and even un-welded defects. Therefore, more laser energy is needed to compensate for the heat loss of the thick plate to ensure that the heat can penetrate to the required depth and form a sufficient molten pool to ensure the mechanical properties of the welded joint.

[0072] The heat capacity of the thinner red copper plate 9 is small, the heat conduction path is short, and the heat dissipation speed is fast. However, due to the weak heat resistance of the plate thickness direction, if the laser energy is too much, the temperature of the weld area will rise sharply, and after exceeding the melting point of the material, the molten pool will collapse or even melt through. Melting through not only damages the integrity of the plate, but also causes the loss of weld metal, forming a hole defect, which seriously affects the welding quality and the safety of the component in use. Therefore, when welding thin red copper plates 9, the laser energy needs to be controlled within a reasonable range to ensure that the weld area is fully melted to achieve metallurgical bonding, and to avoid the problem of plate melting caused by excessive energy.

[0073] Based on this, in the red copper plate welding equipment provided by the embodiment of the present application, the distance adjusting mechanism 8 is arranged in the red copper plate welding equipment, and the distance adjusting mechanism 8 is configured to inversely adjust the distance between the adjacent two red copper plates 9 and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the light-reflecting plate 2 according to the thickness of the red copper plate 9, so that when facing the thicker red copper plate 9, the distance between the adjacent two red copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the light-reflecting plate 2 are both closer, on the one hand, avoiding the situation that the laser reflection is too scattered, and on the other hand, increasing the reflection times of the laser between the two, thereby increasing the absorption rate of the red copper plate 9 to the laser and improving the heating efficiency; when facing the thinner red copper plate 9, the distance between the adjacent two red copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the light-reflecting plate 2 are both farther, which makes the laser more scattered while reducing the reflection times of the laser between the two, thereby reducing the absorption rate of the red copper plate 9 to the laser and avoiding the problem of melting through. The laser welding head 5 moves synchronously with the red copper plate 9 in the layer where the laser welding head 5 is located, ensuring that the laser welding head 5 and the red copper plate 9 are relatively stationary, and further ensuring the stability of the laser welding head 5 when welding.

[0074] Specifically, the distance adjusting mechanism 8 is arranged to include multiple pairs of variable pitch screw rods 801 and multiple pairs of support seats 802. The multiple pairs of variable pitch screw rods 801 are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the front-rear direction, and the two variable pitch screw rods 801 of the same pair are arranged spaced apart in the left-right direction and located outside the two ends of the same conveying roller 401. The variable pitch screw rod 801 is vertically arranged and has a variable pitch screw groove opened on the circumferential side wall. The pitch of the variable pitch screw groove gradually increases from bottom to top. The multiple pairs of support seats 802 are arranged in the up-down direction and correspondingly arranged with the multiple conveying assemblies 4 in the middle. The two support seats 802 of the same pair are arranged spaced apart in the left-right direction and the support seat 802 on the left is rotatably sleeved on the left end of all the conveying rollers 401 of the same conveying assembly 4. The support seat 802 on the right is rotatably sleeved on the right end of all the conveying rollers 401 of the same conveying assembly 4. Multiple first sliding grooves 101 are correspondingly opened on the left and right side walls of the cabinet 1 and extend in the vertical direction. The outer side wall of the support seat 802 is provided with a sliding piece which can be arranged in a block structure and can slide along the first sliding groove 101. The sliding piece of the support seat 802 on the left passes through the first sliding groove 101 during installation and is sleeved on all the variable pitch screw rods 801 on the left and is screwedly connected with the variable pitch screw rods 801 through the variable pitch screw groove. The sliding piece of the support seat 802 on the right passes through the first sliding groove 101 during installation and is sleeved on all the variable pitch screw rods 801 on the right and is screwedly connected with the variable pitch screw rods 801 through the variable pitch screw groove. The reflector 2 is sleeved on all the variable pitch screw rods 801 and is screwedly connected with the variable pitch screw rods 801 through the variable pitch screw groove. The laser welding head 5 can be fixed on the support seat 802 to ensure that the laser welding head 5 moves synchronously with the copper plate 9 on the same layer and that the laser welding head 5 and the copper plate 9 can be relatively stationary to avoid affecting the welding process.

[0075] When facing a thicker copper plate 9, all the variable pitch screw rods 801 are reversely rotated. The variable pitch screw rods 801 drive the reflector 2 and all the support seats 802 to move downward through the screw connection between the variable pitch screw rods 801, the support seats 802 and the reflector 2. Since the pitch of the variable pitch screw groove gradually increases from bottom to top, the reflector 2 and the adjacent support seats 802 are close to each other. The support seats 802 drive the copper plate 9 to move synchronously through the conveying roller 401, so that the distance between the two adjacent copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost copper plate 9 and the reflector 2 are relatively small. On the one hand, it avoids the dispersion of laser reflection, and on the other hand, it increases the reflection times of laser between them, thereby increasing the absorption rate of the copper plate 9 to laser and improving the heating efficiency.

[0076] Similarly, when facing the thinner red copper plate 9, rotate all the variable pitch screw rods 801 in the forward direction, and the variable pitch screw rods 801 drive the light reflecting plate 2 and all the supporting seats 802 to move upward through the screw connection between the supporting seats 802 and the light reflecting plate 2. Because the pitch of the variable pitch screw groove gradually increases from bottom to top, the light reflecting plate 2 and the adjacent supporting seat 802 are arranged away from each other. The supporting seat 802 drives the red copper plate 9 to move through the conveying roller 401, so that the distance between the two adjacent red copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the light reflecting plate 2 are both far away. This not only disperses the laser more, but also reduces the number of reflections between the two, thereby reducing the absorption rate of the red copper plate 9 to the laser and avoiding the problem of melting through.

[0077] It can be understood that, in order to provide the driving force for the rotation of the variable pitch screw rod 801, the pitch adjusting mechanism 8 is further provided with a second driving member.

[0078] It can be understood that the second driving member can be a driving motor or a hydraulic motor. Taking the case where the second driving member is a driving motor as an example, the driving motor is arranged on the machine shell 1, and the motor shaft is coaxial and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the variable pitch screw rod 801, so as to ensure that the variable pitch screw rod 801 can be driven to rotate around its own axis, and then the distance between the two adjacent red copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the light reflecting plate 2 can be adjusted through the screw connection between the variable pitch screw rod 801 and the supporting seat 802 and the light reflecting plate 2.

[0079] Exemplarily, the number of variable pitch screw rods 801 can be four, two of which are located on the left side of the conveying roller 401 and are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the front-rear direction, and the other two are located on the right side of the conveying roller 401 and are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the front-rear direction.

[0080] Exemplarily, the number of supporting seats 802 can be six, three of which are located on the left side of the conveying roller 401 and are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the up-down direction, and the other three are located on the right side of the conveying roller 401 and are arranged side by side and spaced apart in the up-down direction.

[0081] In the embodiment comprising the compression spring 7 with different elastic coefficients and the distance adjusting mechanism 8, the compression spring 7 is connected between the pushing ring 6 and the support seat 802 respectively at both ends when installed. In order to ensure the welding quality, the pitch of the variable-pitch helical groove is set to increase in proportion from back to front along the moving direction of the copper plate 9. The reason for this setting is that when the distance between the adjacent two copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost copper plate 9 and the reflector 2 change, the number of reflections of the laser light is uncertain, which makes it difficult to control the temperature increase of the copper plate 9 and the thermal expansion of the copper plate 9, and the copper plate 9 is easily deformed uncontrollably under the pushing of the compression spring 7, which affects the welding quality. After setting the pitch of the variable-pitch helical groove to increase in proportion from back to front along the moving direction of the copper plate 9, the moving speed of the copper plate 9 on the side close to the laser welding head 5 is greater than that on the other side during the rotation of the variable-pitch helical rod 801, and then the copper plate 9 is inclined to be set, at this time, the structure between the adjacent two copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and the uppermost copper plate 9 and the reflector 2 is formed as an eight-shaped structure, so that the laser light has a consistent number of reflections between the adjacent two copper plates 9, and then the thermal stress of the copper plate 9 tends to be consistent, and the compression spring 7 with different elastic coefficients in the same layer can be applied in the process of welding copper plates 9 with different thicknesses, which improves the applicability.

[0082] Specifically, a plurality of second sliding grooves 102 are formed on the left and right side walls of the shell 1, the second sliding grooves 102 are arc-shaped structures, and the inner arc surfaces of the second sliding grooves 102 are arranged towards the back. A fixed column 8021 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the support seat 802, the fixed column 8021 penetrates through the second sliding groove 102 and can slide along the second sliding groove 102; a sliding part 8023 is spirally sleeved on the variable pitch screw rod 801, and a third sliding groove 80231 is formed on the inner side wall of the sliding part 8023 and extends horizontally along the front and back directions; a transfer part 8022 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed column 8021, and the outer end of the transfer part 8022 is slidingly clamped in the third sliding groove 80231. Through the cooperation between the fixed column 8021, the transfer part 8022 and the sliding part 8023, the front end of the support seat 802 can move along an arc-shaped track, and then, during the rotation of the variable pitch screw rod 801, the moving direction of the red copper plate 9 is matched, the variable pitch screw groove increases from back to front, and the proportion of the increase in the pitch of the variable pitch screw groove increases in turn, so that the moving speed of the red copper plate 9 on the side close to the laser welding head 5 is greater than that on the other side, and then the red copper plate 9 is arranged obliquely. At this time, a structure similar to an eight-character shape is formed between two adjacent layers of red copper plates 9 in the vertical direction and between the uppermost red copper plate 9 and the reflector 2, so as to ensure that the laser has a consistent reflection number between the two adjacent layers of red copper plates 9, and then ensure that the thermal stress of different layers of red copper plates 9 tends to be consistent, so that the compression springs 7 with different elastic coefficients in the same layer can be applied in the process of welding red copper plates 9 with different thicknesses, and the applicability is improved.

[0083] More specifically, the fixed column 8021 and the transfer part 8022 are fixedly connected corresponding to the first sliding groove 101, and the outer end of the transfer part 8022 is rotatably inserted on the sliding part 8023, so as to avoid affecting the rotation of the support seat 802.

[0084] In some other embodiments, an opening is arranged on the left side wall of the shell 1, and an observation window 103 is arranged at the opening, the observation window 103 is configured to be able to view the welding condition of the red copper plate 9.

[0085] In further embodiments, in order to facilitate the opening of the observation window 103, the top of the observation window 103 can be hingedly arranged on the shell 1.

[0086] In further embodiments, in order to realize the automatic opening and closing of the observation window 103, two drive cylinders 104 are symmetrically arranged on the front and back side walls of the shell 1, the output shafts of the drive cylinders 104 are horizontally arranged towards the left and are hingedly arranged on the observation window 103, when the output shafts of the drive cylinders 104 are extended, the observation window 103 is facilitated to be opened, and when the output shafts of the drive cylinders 104 are retracted, the observation window 103 is facilitated to be closed.

[0087] It can be understood that the driving cylinder 104 can be provided as any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0088] In some other embodiments, to avoid direct contact between the conveying roller 401 and the weld seam, which causes the shape of the weld seam to be affected, the conveying roller 401 is provided in a structure with a large diameter at both ends and a small diameter in the middle.

[0089] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0090] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A red copper sheet welding apparatus characterized by comprising: The red copper plate welding device comprises a casing, a light-reflecting plate, a heat source and a plurality of welding stations arranged in the casing, and the plurality of welding stations are arranged in a vertical direction; a conveying assembly and a laser welding head are arranged at each welding station, the conveying assembly is configured to convey two red copper plates in a horizontal direction, and a weld joint is formed between the two red copper plates; the laser welding head is arranged obliquely and is configured to emit laser to the weld joint, and the laser is reflected to the upper red copper plate after being reflected by the red copper plate; the light-reflecting plate is arranged above the uppermost red copper plate and is configured to reflect the laser reflected from the uppermost red copper plate back to the uppermost red copper plate; and the heat source is configured to heat the lowermost red copper plate.

2. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by Initially, the laser welding head of the uppermost layer has a first focal point, and all the other laser welding heads have a second focal point, which is arranged lower than the first focal point relative to the red copper plate; two adjacent weld joints form a group, and when the upper weld joint reaches a preset temperature, the laser welding head corresponding to the lower weld joint is adjusted from the second focal point to the first focal point.

3. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The preset temperatures corresponding to the weld joints of different layers are different, and the preset temperatures increase in turn from top to bottom.

4. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by Each conveying assembly comprises a plurality of pairs of conveying rollers, the pairs of conveying rollers are arranged in a horizontal direction at intervals, and two conveying rollers of the same pair are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the same red copper plate and can rotate about their own axes.

5. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by Two push rings are sleeved on each conveying roller, the push rings can slide along the axis of the conveying roller, the two push rings on the same conveying roller are arranged on the outer sidewalls of the two red copper plates forming the same weld joint, each push ring is connected to the casing through an elastic member, and the push ring has a tendency to push the red copper plate inward under the action of the elastic member.

6. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by The elastic member is a compression spring.

7. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by In the direction of conveying the red copper plates, from back to front, the elastic coefficients of the compression springs of the same layer increase in turn.

8. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The red copper plate welding device further comprises a distance adjusting mechanism, the distance adjusting mechanism is configured to inversely proportionally adjust the distance between two adjacent red copper plates in a vertical direction and the distance between the uppermost red copper plate and the light-reflecting plate according to the thickness of the red copper plate; and the laser welding head moves synchronously with the red copper plate of the layer where the laser welding head is located.

9. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by The pitch changing mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of variable-pitch screw rods and a plurality of pairs of supporting seats, the pairs of variable-pitch screw rods are arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, two variable-pitch screw rods of the same pair are respectively located outside the two ends of the same conveying roller, the variable-pitch screw rods are vertically arranged and each has a variable-pitch screw groove, the pitch of the variable-pitch screw groove gradually increases from bottom to top, the pairs of supporting seats are respectively arranged in correspondence with the plurality of conveying assemblies located in the middle, two supporting seats of the same pair are respectively rotationally sleeved at the two ends of all the conveying rollers of the same conveying assembly, the supporting seats are simultaneously sleeved on all the variable-pitch screw rods located on the same side and are in screwing cooperation with the variable-pitch screw rods through the variable-pitch screw grooves, and the reflecting plate is simultaneously sleeved on all the variable-pitch screw rods and is in screwing cooperation with the variable-pitch screw rods through the variable-pitch screw grooves.

10. The red copper sheet welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The machine shell is provided with an observation window, and the observation window is configured to enable viewing of the soldering condition of the red copper plate.

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