Automatic feeding and discharging system for heavy truck large battery tray machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery tray feeding and discharging, in particular to an automatic feeding and discharging system for heavy truck large battery tray machining, which comprises a fixing plate, a mechanical arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate, an adsorption mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the fixing plate, and the adsorption mechanism comprises a shell. A clamping mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the shell, a second connecting rod is slidably connected to the interior of the shell, a clamping jaw is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod, a bottom supporting mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the clamping jaw, and a placing mechanism is arranged in the shell; when the hydraulic cylinder moves upwards, the battery tray is driven to enter the air, the supporting rod is driven to rotate by a certain angle, the supporting rod rotates to the bottom end of the battery tray, and at the moment, the hydraulic cylinder continues to move upwards to drive the unfolded supporting rod to move upwards to be attached to the bottom of the battery tray; and a robot is matched to drive an arranged structure to automatically feed and discharge the battery trays, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery tray loading and unloading, and in particular to an automatic loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks. Background Art

[0002] The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks is an integrated system of automated equipment designed specifically for this purpose. It integrates mechanical, electronic, control, and information technologies, playing a key role in automatically handling, positioning, clamping, and unloading pallets during machining. The system typically consists of material transfer components, clamping components, loading components, an automatic electrical control box, a loading platform, and a manual inspection platform. Through preset programs and algorithms, the loading and unloading process is automated and intelligent. The battery tray machine is specialized equipment used for machining, assembling, or testing battery trays for new energy vehicles. As the backbone of the battery system, the battery tray plays an important role in resisting impact and vibration, and protecting the battery modules. It is a crucial element in ensuring battery system safety. The main function of the battery tray machine is to ensure that the battery trays possess high precision, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and impact resistance.

[0003] When loading and unloading large battery pallets of existing heavy trucks, due to the heavy weight of the large battery pallets of heavy trucks, unreasonable design of the clamps for clamping the battery pallets may lead to unstable grasping or deformation of the pallets. Due to the large size and heavy weight of the battery pallets, insufficient positioning accuracy may lead to processing errors or equipment damage. Some equipment uses narrow-pitch vacuum suction cups. If the vacuum suction is abnormal (such as leakage, insufficient pressure), the battery pallet may fall off or shift during transportation. If the contact surface between the clamp and the battery pallet is improperly designed, it may cause local pressure to be too high or too low. Excessive pressure may damage the battery pallet or battery cell, and too low pressure may lead to unstable fixation, causing the pallet to shift or fall off. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks, comprising a fixed plate, the upper end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a robotic arm, the lower end of the fixed plate is provided with an adsorption mechanism for adsorbing the battery tray, the adsorption mechanism comprises a shell, the lower end of the shell is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the battery tray, a second connecting rod is slidably connected to the interior of the shell, one end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to a clamping claw, the lower end of the clamping claw is provided with a bottom supporting mechanism for supporting the bottom of the battery tray, and the interior of the shell is provided with a placement mechanism for releasing the adsorption of the battery tray.

[0006] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, the upper end of the non-output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the robotic arm, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a shell, the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, a first hollow groove is provided inside the shell, a sleeve is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hollow groove, and a second hollow groove is provided inside the sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism further includes a connecting tube, the interior of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting tube, and the lower end of the connecting tube is fixedly connected to a suction cup.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a reducer, which is fixedly connected to the housing, and an output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to a screw, one end of the screw is engaged with a nut, and an outer surface of the nut is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the clamping mechanism also includes a rotating pin, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating pin, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the inside of the shell, a guide groove is opened inside the sliding plate, the inside of the guide groove is slidably connected to the rotating pin, the surface of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the first arc plate, one end of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod, and one end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the clamping claw.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom supporting mechanism includes a first sliding block, the first sliding block is slidably connected to the clamping claw, the surface of the first sliding block is fixedly connected to a baffle, the lower end of the baffle is fixedly connected to a first spring, the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the clamping claw, the upper end of the first sliding block is slidably connected to a slide rail, one end of the slide rail is fixedly connected to a second sliding block, the lower end of the first sliding block is fixedly connected to a steel wire rope, the surface of the steel wire rope is tightly fitted with a rotating pin, and both ends of the rotating pin are rotatably connected to the clamping claw.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom supporting mechanism also includes a first rotating rod, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod, two ends of the first rotating rod are elastically connected to the third sliding block by a torsion spring, the upper end of the third sliding block is fixedly connected to the second spring, the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the clamping claw, the surface of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the support rod, the surface of the third sliding block is fixedly connected to the first fixed block, the interior of the clamping claw is slidably connected to the sliding plate, the sliding plate is provided with a sliding groove, the interior of the sliding groove is slidably connected to a rotating pin, one end of the rotating pin is rotatably connected to the connecting block, and one end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the first sliding block.

[0012] Preferably, the placement mechanism includes a rubber ball, which fits tightly with the second hollow groove, one end of the rubber ball is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod, one end of the third connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second arc plate, the center of the second arc plate is rotatably connected to the second rotating rod, one end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the fixed rod, the second rotating rod is elastically connected to the fixed rod through a torsion spring, and one end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the placement mechanism further includes a second fixing block, one end of the second arc-shaped plate is affixed with the second fixing block, and the second fixing block is fixedly connected to the fixing rod.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) The automatic loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks described in the present invention has a structure in which the hydraulic cylinder moves downward and drives the suction cup to move downward. The downward movement of the suction cup adsorbs the large battery tray placed on the heavy truck, and the robot drives the mechanical arm to automatically grab the material. (2) The automatic loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks described in the present invention adopts a structure that drives the four clamping claws to move inward when the reducer rotates clockwise to clamp the battery tray. (3) The present invention relates to an automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks. Through the structure provided, when the hydraulic cylinder moves upward to drive the battery tray into the air, the hydraulic cylinder will drive the support rod to rotate a certain angle. The support rod will rotate to the bottom of the battery tray after rotating a certain angle. At this time, when the hydraulic cylinder continues to move upward, it will drive the expanded support rod to move upward. The expanded support rod will fit tightly with the bottom of the battery tray when it moves upward. This greatly improves the support force for the large battery tray for heavy trucks and avoids the risk of the large battery tray for heavy trucks falling during the loading and unloading process. The robot drives the mechanical arm to automatically grab materials and further support them in the air to avoid the battery tray for heavy trucks falling in the air due to weight overload. When the first sliding block slides into the clamp, it will also drive the sliding plate to initially clamp the large battery tray for heavy trucks. Several protrusions are provided on the outer surface of the sliding plate to play an anti-slip role. The protrusions on the surface of the sliding plate are made of rubber and have a certain elasticity.

[0015] (4) The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks described in the present invention adopts a set structure. When placing the battery tray, the clamping claws move outward to release the clamping of the battery tray. When the clamping claws release the clamping of the battery tray, they will drive the rubber ball away from the second hollow groove. At this time, the outside air will enter the suction cup through the second hollow groove. At this time, the negative pressure in the suction cup disappears, thereby automatically releasing the suction cup from adsorbing the battery tray. The robot drives the mechanical arm and the set structure to automatically unload the battery tray. The structure is simple and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixed plate mechanical wall; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the housing and the sliding rod; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connecting pipe and the suction cup; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the screw and the nut; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the second connecting rod and the clamping claw structure; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first rotating rod and the supporting rod; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the third sliding block and the second spring; Figure 9 for Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram of part A is shown.

[0018] In the figure: 100, fixed plate; 200, robotic arm; 300, adsorption mechanism; 301, hydraulic cylinder; 302, housing; 3021, first hollow groove; 303, sliding rod; 304, sleeve; 3041, second hollow groove; 305, connecting pipe; 306, suction cup; 400, clamping mechanism; 401, reducer; 402, screw; 403, nut; 404, first connecting rod; 405, rotating pin; 406, sliding plate; 4061, guide groove; 4062, first curved plate; 407, second connecting rod; 408, clamping claw; 500, bottom supporting mechanism; 5 01. First sliding block; 502. Baffle; 503. First spring; 504. Slide rail; 505. Second sliding block; 506. Wire rope; 507. Rotating pin; 508. First rotating rod; 509. Third sliding block; 510. Second spring; 511. Support rod; 512. First fixed block; 513. Sliding plate; 5131. Slide groove; 514. Rotating pin; 515. Connecting block; 600. Placement mechanism; 601. Rubber ball; 602. Third connecting rod; 603. Second curved plate; 604. Second rotating rod; 605. Second fixed block; 606. Fixed rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0020] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention relates to an automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks, comprising a fixed plate 100, the upper end of the fixed plate 100 being fixedly connected to a robotic arm 200, the lower end of the fixed plate 100 being provided with an adsorption mechanism 300 for adsorbing the battery tray, the adsorption mechanism 300 comprising a shell 302, the lower end of the shell 302 being provided with a clamping mechanism 400 for clamping the battery tray, the interior of the shell 302 being slidably connected to a second connecting rod 407, one end of the second connecting rod 407 being fixedly connected to a clamping claw 408, the lower end of the clamping claw 408 being provided with a bottom supporting mechanism 500 for supporting the bottom of the battery tray, the interior of the shell 302 being provided with a placement mechanism 600 for releasing the adsorption of the battery tray.

[0021] Specifically, the adsorption mechanism 300 includes a hydraulic cylinder 301, the upper end of the non-output end of the hydraulic cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the robotic arm 200, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to a shell 302, the upper end of the shell 302 is fixedly connected to a sliding rod 303, a first hollow groove 3021 is provided inside the shell 302, a sleeve 304 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hollow groove 3021, a second hollow groove 3041 is provided inside the sleeve 304, a connecting pipe 305 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sleeve 304, and a suction cup 306 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting pipe 305; through the robotic arm 200 controls the fixed plate 100 to be just above the large battery tray of the heavy truck. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is started to move downward. The downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301 will drive the shell 302 to move downward. The downward movement of the shell 302 will drive the sleeve 304 to move downward. The downward movement of the sleeve 304 will drive the connecting pipe 305 to move downward. The downward movement of the connecting pipe 305 will drive the suction cup 306 to move downward. The suction cup 306 moves downward to adsorb the placed large battery tray of the heavy truck; through the set structure, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 moves downward, it drives the suction cup 306 to move downward. The suction cup 306 moves downward to adsorb the placed large battery tray of the heavy truck.

[0022] In addition, the clamping mechanism 400 includes a reducer 401, the reducer 401 is fixedly connected to the housing 302, the output end of the reducer 401 is fixedly connected to a screw 402, one end of the screw 402 is engaged with a nut 403, the outer surface of the nut 403 is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod 404, one end of the first connecting rod 404 is rotatably connected to a rotating pin 405, the interior of the housing 302 is slidably connected to a sliding plate 406, the interior of the sliding plate 406 A guide groove 4061 is provided, the interior of the guide groove 4061 is slidably connected to the rotating pin 405, the surface of the sliding plate 406 is fixedly connected to the first arc-shaped plate 4062, one end of the sliding plate 406 is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 407, and one end of the second connecting rod 407 is fixedly connected to the clamping claw 408; when grabbing the large battery tray of the heavy truck, the lower end of the clamping claw 408 is flush with the bottom end of the large battery tray of the heavy truck, and the third sliding block 509 can slide into the clamping claw 408 At this time, the reducer 401 is started to rotate, and the rotation of the reducer 401 drives the screw 402 to rotate clockwise. The rotation of the screw 402 drives the nut 403 to move toward the end close to the reducer 401. The movement of the nut 403 to one end drives the first connecting rod 404 to move toward one end. The movement of the first connecting rod 404 to one end drives the rotating pin 405 to move toward one end. The rotating pin 405 moves toward one end and slides in the guide groove 4061. At this time, the sliding plate 406 moves toward one end, and the sliding plate 40 6 Moving toward one end will drive the second connecting rod 407 to move inward, and the inward movement of the second connecting rod 407 will drive the clamping claws 408 to move inward. The inward movement of the four clamping claws 408 will clamp the battery tray. The surface of the clamping claws 408 is provided with multiple rubber protrusions. The multiple rubber protrusions on the clamping claws 408 can play a buffering and anti-slip role when clamping the battery tray. With the set structure, when the reducer 401 rotates clockwise, it will drive the four clamping claws 408 to move inward to clamp the battery tray.

[0023] Furthermore, the bottom supporting mechanism 500 includes a first sliding block 501, which is slidably connected to the clamping claw 408, a baffle 502 fixedly connected to the surface of the first sliding block 501, a first spring 503 fixedly connected to the lower end of the baffle 502, a lower end of the first spring 503 fixedly connected to the clamping claw 408, an upper end of the first sliding block 501 is slidably connected to a slide rail 504, one end of the slide rail 504 is fixedly connected to a second sliding block 505, a steel wire rope 506 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first sliding block 501, a rotating pin 507 is tightly fitted on the surface of the steel wire rope 506, both ends of the rotating pin 507 are rotatably connected to the clamping claw 408, and one end of the steel wire rope 506 is fixedly connected to the There is a first rotating rod 508, both ends of the first rotating rod 508 are elastically connected to the third sliding block 509 through a torsion spring, the upper end of the third sliding block 509 is fixedly connected to the second spring 510, the upper end of the second spring 510 is fixedly connected to the clamping jaw 408, the surface of the first rotating rod 508 is fixedly connected to the support rod 511, the surface of the third sliding block 509 is fixedly connected to the first fixed block 512, the interior of the clamping jaw 408 is slidably connected to a sliding plate 513, the interior of the sliding plate 513 is provided with a sliding groove 5131, the interior of the sliding groove 5131 is slidably connected to a rotating pin 514, one end of the rotating pin 514 is rotatably connected to a connecting block 515, and one end of the connecting block 515 is fixedly connected to the first sliding block 501;When the four clamping claws 408 move inward to clamp the battery tray, the hydraulic cylinder 301 drives the shell 302 to move upward, and the shell 302 moves upward, thereby driving the battery tray clamped by the clamping claws 408 into the air. The upward movement of the shell 302 drives the second connecting rod 407 to move upward, and the upward movement of the second connecting rod 407 drives the first sliding block 501 to move upward, and the upward movement of the first sliding block 501 drives the slide rail 504 to move upward, and the upward movement of the slide rail 504 drives the second sliding block 505 to move upward, and when the slide rail 504 moves upward and contacts the fixed plate 100, it will drive The first sliding block 501 slides into the clamping jaw 408. The sliding of the first sliding block 501 into the clamping jaw 408 will drive the baffle 502 to move downward. The downward movement of the baffle 502 will compress the first spring 503. When the first sliding block 501 moves downward, it will drive the wire rope 506 to move downward. The downward movement of the wire rope 506 will pull the first rotating rod 508 to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating rod 508 will compress the torsion spring between the first rotating rod 508 and the third sliding block 509. The elastic force of the torsion spring between the first rotating rod 508 and the third sliding block 509 is much smaller than the elastic force of the second spring 510. The rotation of the first rotating rod 508 will drive the support rod 511 rotates, and at this time the wire rope 506 continues to move downward to drive the third sliding block 509 to move upward, and the third sliding block 509 moving upward will compress the second spring 510, and the third sliding block 509 moving upward will drive the unfolded support rod 511 to move upward, and the unfolded support rod 511 moving upward will fit closely with the bottom of the battery tray, and the lower end of the support rod 511 is provided with a first fixed block 512, and the first fixed block 512 can limit the unfolded support rod 511, and the first sliding block 501 sliding into the clamping claw 408 will drive the connecting block 515 to move downward, and the connecting block 515 moves downward This will drive the rotating pin 514 downward, which in turn will cause it to slide within the slide slot 5031. The upper end of the slide slot 5031 is vertically downward, and the lower end of the slide slot 5031 is curved outward from the clamping jaw 408. The sliding of the rotating pin 514 within the slot 5031 will drive the sliding plate 513 toward the heavy-duty truck large battery tray machine. The sliding plate 513 moves toward the heavy-duty truck large battery tray machine to initially clamp the heavy-duty truck large battery tray machine. The outer surface of the sliding plate 513 is provided with several raised blocks to prevent slipping. The raised blocks on the surface of the sliding plate 513 are made of rubber and have a certain degree of elasticity. It should be noted that, through the structure provided, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 moves upward, it will drive the battery tray into the air. When the battery tray is in the air, it will drive the support rod 511 to rotate a certain angle. When the support rod 511 rotates a certain angle, it will rotate to the bottom of the battery tray. At this time, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 continues to move upward, it will drive the unfolded support rod 511 to move upward. The upward movement of the unfolded support rod 511 will fit closely with the bottom of the battery tray. This greatly improves the supporting force for the large battery tray of heavy trucks and avoids the risk of the large battery tray of heavy trucks falling during the loading and unloading process. When the first sliding block 501 slides into the clamp 408, it will also drive the sliding plate 513 to initially clamp the large battery tray machine of heavy trucks.

[0024] Specifically, the placement mechanism 600 includes a rubber ball 601, which is tightly fitted with the second hollow groove 3041. One end of the rubber ball 601 is fixedly connected to the third connecting rod 602, and one end of the third connecting rod 602 is fixedly connected to the second arc plate 603. The center of the second arc plate 603 is rotatably connected to the second rotating rod 604, and one end of the second rotating rod 604 is rotatably connected to the fixing rod 606. The second rotating rod 604 is elastically connected to the fixing rod 606 through a torsion spring, and one end of the fixing rod 606 is fixedly connected to the shell 302. One end of the second arc plate 603 is fitted with a second fixing block 605, and the second fixing block 605 is fixedly connected to the fixing rod 606. When the robot arm 200 drives the clamped battery tray to the top of the specified position, the fixing plate 100 is still a certain height away from the placement ground. At this time, the starting liquid When the hydraulic cylinder 301 moves downward, the downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301 will drive the shell 302 away from the fixed plate 100. At this time, the first spring 503 and the second spring 510 will reset and drive the first sliding block 501 to move upward. The first sliding block 501 moves upward and drives the sliding plate 513 to retract into the clamping claw 408. The sliding plate 513 retracts into the clamping claw 408 and initially releases the clamping claw 408 to hold the battery tray. During the downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301, the support rod 511 will release the bottom support of the battery tray. The support rod 511 releases the bottom support of the battery tray in the air. At this time, the suction cup 306 and the clamping claw 408 still support the battery tray. When the battery tray is placed downward at the designated position, the reducer 401 is started to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reducer 401 will drive the sliding plate 406 to move outward. When the sliding plate 406 moves outward, it will drive the first curved plate 4062 to move outward. It is worth mentioning that when the sliding plate 406 drives the first curved plate 4062 to move outward, it will drive the second curved plate 603 to rotate around the second rotating rod 604. The rotation of the second curved plate 603 around the second rotating rod 604 will drive the third connecting rod 602 to move toward one end. The movement of the third connecting rod 602 to one end will drive the rubber ball 601 to move toward one end. The rubber ball 601 moves toward one end away from the second hollow groove 3041. The second curved plate 603 and the first curved plate 4062 are both made of spring steel and have a certain degree of elasticity. When the clamping jaws 408 are unfolded, the first curved plate 4062 is on the outside of the second curved plate 603. One curved plate 4062 is bent outward from the shell 302, and the second curved plate 603 is bent toward the center of the shell 302. When the clamping jaws 408 clamp the battery tray, the first curved plate 4062 will be driven to move inward. When the first curved plate 4062 moves inward and contacts the second curved plate 603, it will bend. When the clamping jaws 408 open, the first curved plate 4062 will be driven to move outward. The outward movement of the first curved plate 4062 will drive the second curved plate 603 to rotate. The rotation of the second curved plate 603 will pull the third connecting rod 602 inward. The third connecting rod 602 is made of spring steel and has a certain elasticity.

[0025] Specifically, a structure is set up so that when the battery tray is placed, the clamping claw 408 moves outward to loosen the clamping of the battery tray. When the clamping claw 408 loosens the clamping of the battery tray, it will drive the rubber ball 601 away from the second hollow groove 3041. At this time, the outside air will enter the suction cup 306 through the second hollow groove 3041. At this time, the negative pressure in the suction cup 306 disappears, thereby automatically loosening the adsorption of the suction cup 306 on the battery tray.

[0026] Working principle: Heavy truck battery trays are usually large in size and heavy in weight, which requires higher automation and flexibility of the production line. In the process of upgrading the robot automation production line, this study adopted the integration technology of industrial robots and machine tools, and realized the linkage with the programmable logic controller PLC and multi-sensor. The introduction of these technologies replaced the traditional manual operation and realized the automation of automatic loading and unloading, machine tool processing and material handling between processes. The six-axis robot is carried on the ground rail to pick up the material. The robot drives the mechanical arm 200 to automatically grab the material and then go to the designated position for 2D positioning camera alignment, and then the processing equipment is rotated. The product flipping requires 2D positioning camera alignment again, and the processed product is put back on the carrier. When the present invention is in use, the mechanical arm 200 controls the fixed plate 100 to be directly above the large battery tray of the heavy truck. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is started to move downward. The downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301 will drive the shell 302 to move downward. The downward movement of the shell 302 will drive the sleeve 304 to move downward. The downward movement of the sleeve 304 will drive the connecting pipe 305 to move downward. The downward movement of the connecting pipe 305 will drive the suction cup 306 to move downward. The suction cup 306 moves downward to adsorb the placed large battery tray of the heavy truck; through the set structure, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 moves downward, it drives the suction cup 306 to move downward. The suction cup 306 moves downward to adsorb the placed large battery tray of the heavy truck.

[0027] When grabbing the large battery tray of the heavy truck, the lower end of the clamping claw 408 is flush with the bottom end of the large battery tray of the heavy truck, and the third sliding block 509 can slide into the inside of the clamping claw 408. At this time, the reducer 401 is started to rotate. The rotation of the reducer 401 will drive the screw 402 to rotate clockwise. Two nuts 403 are provided on the screw 402. The surfaces of the two nuts 403 are correspondingly provided with two connected clamping claws 408. The rotation of the screw 402 will drive the nut 403 to move toward one end close to the reducer 401. The movement of the nut 403 to one end will drive the first connecting rod 404 to move to one end. The movement of the first connecting rod 404 to one end will drive the rotating pin 405 to one end. The movement of the rotating pin 405 to one end will slide in the guide groove 4061. At this time, the sliding plate 406 moves to one end. The movement of the sliding plate 406 toward one end will drive the four second connecting rods 407 to move inward. Since the second connecting rod 407 is fixedly connected to the clamping claws 408, the four second connecting rods 407 move inward, thereby driving the four clamping claws 408 to move inward to clamp the battery tray. When the screw 402 rotates counterclockwise, it will drive the four clamping claws 408 to expand, and the inward movement of the second connecting rod 407 will drive the clamping claws 408 to move inward. The inward movement of the four clamping claws 408 will clamp the battery tray. The surface of the clamping claw 408 is provided with multiple rubber protrusions. The multiple rubber protrusions on the clamping claw 408 can play a buffering and anti-slip role when clamping the battery tray. With the set structure, when the reducer 401 rotates clockwise, it will drive the four clamping claws 408 to move inward to clamp the battery tray.

[0028] When the four clamping claws 408 move inward to clamp the battery tray, the hydraulic cylinder 301 drives the shell 302 to move upward, and the shell 302 moves upward, thereby driving the battery tray clamped by the clamping claws 408 into the air. The upward movement of the shell 302 drives the second connecting rod 407 to move upward, and the upward movement of the second connecting rod 407 drives the first sliding block 501 to move upward, and the upward movement of the first sliding block 501 drives the slide rail 504 to move upward, and the upward movement of the slide rail 504 drives the second sliding block 505 to move upward, and when the slide rail 504 moves upward and contacts the fixed plate 100, it will drive The first sliding block 501 slides into the clamping jaw 408. The sliding of the first sliding block 501 into the clamping jaw 408 will drive the baffle 502 to move downward. The downward movement of the baffle 502 will compress the first spring 503. When the first sliding block 501 moves downward, it will drive the wire rope 506 to move downward. The downward movement of the wire rope 506 will pull the first rotating rod 508 to rotate. The rotation of the first rotating rod 508 will compress the torsion spring between the first rotating rod 508 and the third sliding block 509. The elastic force of the torsion spring between the first rotating rod 508 and the third sliding block 509 is much smaller than the elastic force of the second spring 510. The rotation of the first rotating rod 508 will drive the support rod 511 rotates, and at this time the wire rope 506 continues to move downward to drive the third sliding block 509 to move upward, and the third sliding block 509 moving upward will compress the second spring 510, and the third sliding block 509 moving upward will drive the unfolded support rod 511 to move upward, and the unfolded support rod 511 moving upward will fit closely with the bottom of the battery tray, and the lower end of the support rod 511 is provided with a first fixed block 512, and the first fixed block 512 can limit the unfolded support rod 511, and the first sliding block 501 sliding into the clamping claw 408 will drive the connecting block 515 to move downward, and the connecting block 515 moves downward The cam 5031 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408 and the cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408. The cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408 and the cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408. The cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408 and the cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408. The cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408 and the cam 5032 is rotated in a direction that is perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle 408.Through the provided structure, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 moves upward, it drives the battery tray into the air. When the battery tray is in the air, it drives the support rod 511 to rotate a certain angle. The support rod 511 rotates a certain angle and rotates to the bottom of the battery tray. At this time, when the hydraulic cylinder 301 continues to move upward, it drives the expanded support rod 511 to move upward. The upward movement of the expanded support rod 511 will closely fit the bottom of the battery tray. This greatly improves the support force of the large battery tray for heavy trucks and avoids the risk of the large battery tray for heavy trucks falling during loading and unloading. When the first sliding block 501 slides into the clamping jaw 408, it also drives the sliding plate 513 to initially clamp the large battery tray for heavy trucks.

[0029] When the robotic arm 200 drives the clamped battery tray to the top of the specified position, the fixed plate 100 is still a certain height away from the placement ground. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 301 is started to move downward. The downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301 will drive the shell 302 away from the fixed plate 100. At this time, the first spring 503 and the second spring 510 will reset and drive the first sliding block 501 to move upward. The first sliding block 501 moves upward and then drives the sliding plate 513 to retract into the clamping claw 408. The sliding plate 513 retracts into the clamping claw 408 and initially loosens the clamping claw 408. During the downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 301, the support rod 511 will loosen the bottom support of the battery tray. The support rod 511 loosens the support of the battery tray. The bottom is completed in the air. At this time, the suction cup 306 and the clamping claw 408 are still supporting the battery tray. When the battery tray is placed downward at the designated position, the reducer 401 is started to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the reducer 401 will drive the sliding plate 406 to move outward. When the sliding plate 406 moves outward, it will drive the first curved plate 4062 to move outward. When the sliding plate 406 drives the first curved plate 4062 to move outward, it will drive the second curved plate 603 to rotate around the second rotating rod 604. The rotation of the second curved plate 603 around the second rotating rod 604 will drive the third connecting rod 602 to move toward one end. The movement of the third connecting rod 602 to one end will drive the rubber ball 601 to move toward one end. 601 moves toward one end away from the second hollow groove 3041. The second curved plate 603 and the first curved plate 4062 are both made of spring steel and have a certain elasticity. When the clamping jaws 408 are unfolded, the first curved plate 4062 is on the outside of the second curved plate 603. The first curved plate 4062 is bent outward of the shell 302, and the second curved plate 603 is bent toward the center of the shell 302. When the clamping jaws 408 clamp the battery tray, the first curved plate 4062 is driven to move inward. When the first curved plate 4062 moves inward and contacts the second curved plate 603, it will bend. When the clamping jaws 408 are opened, the first curved plate 4062 is driven to move outward. The first curved plate 4062 is bent outward. The movement will drive the second curved plate 603 to rotate, and the rotation of the second curved plate 603 will pull the third connecting rod 602 to move inward. The third connecting rod 602 is made of spring steel and has a certain elasticity. With the set structure, when placing the battery tray, the clamping claw 408 moves outward to loosen the clamp on the battery tray. When the clamping claw 408 loosens the clamp on the battery tray, it will drive the rubber ball 601 away from the second hollow groove 3041. At this time, the outside air will enter the suction cup 306 through the second hollow groove 3041. At this time, the negative pressure in the suction cup 306 disappears, thereby automatically loosening the suction cup 306 on the battery tray, and cooperating with the robot to drive the mechanical arm to automatically unload the battery tray. The structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0030] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated loading and unloading system for machining a large battery tray for a heavy truck, comprising a fixed plate (100), the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a robotic arm (200), characterized in that: The lower end of the fixing plate (100) is provided with an adsorption mechanism (300) for adsorbing the battery tray, the adsorption mechanism (300) includes a shell (302), the lower end of the shell (302) is provided with a clamping mechanism (400) for clamping the battery tray, the interior of the shell (302) is slidably connected to a second connecting rod (407), one end of the second connecting rod (407) is fixedly connected to a clamping claw (408), the lower end of the clamping claw (408) is provided with a bottom supporting mechanism (500) for supporting the bottom of the battery tray, and the interior of the shell (302) is provided with a placement mechanism (600) for releasing the adsorption of the battery tray.

2. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 1 is characterized by: The adsorption mechanism (300) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (301), wherein the upper end of the non-output end of the hydraulic cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the mechanical arm (200), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to a housing (302), the upper end of the housing (302) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (303), a first hollow groove (3021) is provided inside the housing (302), a sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first hollow groove (3021), and a second hollow groove (3041) is provided inside the sleeve (304).

3. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 2 is characterized by: The adsorption mechanism (300) further comprises a connecting tube (305), the interior of the sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to the connecting tube (305), and the lower end of the connecting tube (305) is fixedly connected to a suction cup (306).

4. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 3 is characterized by: The clamping mechanism (400) includes a reducer (401), the reducer (401) is fixedly connected to the housing (302), the output end of the reducer (401) is fixedly connected to a screw (402), one end of the screw (402) is engaged with a nut (403), and the outer surface of the nut (403) is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod (404).

5. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 4 is characterized by: The clamping mechanism (400) further includes a rotating pin (405), one end of the first connecting rod (404) is rotatably connected to the rotating pin (405), a sliding plate (406) is slidably connected inside the shell (302), a guide groove (4061) is provided inside the sliding plate (406), the inside of the guide groove (4061) is slidably connected to the rotating pin (405), a first arc-shaped plate (4062) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding plate (406), one end of the sliding plate (406) is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (407), and one end of the second connecting rod (407) is fixedly connected to the clamping claw (408).

6. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 5 is characterized by: The bottom supporting mechanism (500) includes a first sliding block (501), the first sliding block (501) is slidably connected to the clamping claw (408), a baffle (502) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first sliding block (501), the lower end of the baffle (502) is fixedly connected to the first spring (503), the lower end of the first spring (503) is fixedly connected to the clamping claw (408), the upper end of the first sliding block (501) is slidably connected to the slide rail (504), one end of the slide rail (504) is fixedly connected to the second sliding block (505), the lower end of the first sliding block (501) is fixedly connected to the wire rope (506), the surface of the wire rope (506) is tightly fitted with a rotating pin (507), and both ends of the rotating pin (507) are rotatably connected to the clamping claw (408).

7. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 6 is characterized by: The bottom supporting mechanism (500) further includes a first rotating rod (508), one end of the steel wire rope (506) is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod (508), both ends of the first rotating rod (508) are elastically connected to the third sliding block (509) via a torsion spring, the upper end of the third sliding block (509) is fixedly connected to a second spring (510), the upper end of the second spring (510) is fixedly connected to the clamping claw (408), the surface of the first rotating rod (508) is fixedly connected to a support rod (51 1), the surface of the third sliding block (509) is fixedly connected to the first fixed block (512), the interior of the clamping jaw (408) is slidably connected to the sliding plate (513), the interior of the sliding plate 513 is provided with a sliding groove (5131), the interior of the sliding groove (5131) is slidably connected to a rotating pin (514), one end of the rotating pin (514) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (515), and one end of the connecting block (515) is fixedly connected to the first sliding block (501).

8. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 2 is characterized by: The placement mechanism (600) includes a rubber ball (601), the rubber ball (601) is tightly fitted with the second hollow groove (3041), one end of the rubber ball (601) is fixedly connected to a third connecting rod (602), one end of the third connecting rod (602) is fixedly connected to a second arc plate (603), the center of the second arc plate (603) is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod (604), one end of the second rotating rod (604) is rotatably connected to a fixed rod (606), the second rotating rod (604) is elastically connected to the fixed rod (606) via a torsion spring, and one end of the fixed rod (606) is fixedly connected to the housing (302).

9. The automated loading and unloading system for machining large battery trays for heavy trucks according to claim 8, characterized in that: The placement mechanism (600) further comprises a second fixing block (605), one end of the second arc-shaped plate (603) is fitted with the second fixing block (605), and the second fixing block (605) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (606).

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