Energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cables.The energy-saving cable sheath material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 30-50 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of composite stabilizer, 20-40 parts of silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 0.5-2 parts of carbon nanotube, 0.3-1 part of nano cerium oxide and 0.5-1 part of lubricant.The carbon nanotube and the nano cerium oxide are mixed by means of a pulverizer to obtain a composite dispersion filler;then the PVC resin, the plasticizer, the composite stabilizer, the lubricant, the silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride and the composite dispersion filler are sequentially added into a banbury mixer to obtain a PVC mixture after banburying; and finally, the PVC mixture is transferred into an extruder to be extruded into a cable sheath material under the assistance of an electric field.The cable sheath material provided by the application can greatly improve the heat dissipation performance and mechanical performance of the cable, slow down the hardening damage speed of the material and thus prolong the service life of the cable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cable sheath, as a key structural layer of the cable, is widely used in the fields of power transmission and communication. Its main function is to protect the conductors and insulation layers inside the cable from mechanical damage, chemical corrosion, environmental influences, etc. Traditional cable sheath materials are mostly polymeric materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE).

[0003] Although these materials have good electrical insulation properties and mechanical properties, they have some shortcomings in terms of energy efficiency and environmental performance. PVC requires a large amount of plasticizer to be added during production, which can migrate out of the material, causing the material to harden and exacerbating dielectric loss. Its inherent thermal conductivity is extremely low (only 0.15-0.2 W / m·K), making it difficult for the heat generated by the conductors to be effectively dissipated during cable operation. The heat accumulation results in a high line loss rate of 5-8%. If high-filled aluminum oxide or other thermal conductive fillers are used to improve the heat dissipation performance, the material will have low flexibility, causing the elongation at break to drop sharply by more than 40%, which makes it difficult to meet the bending test requirements of soft cable related products. The cable will be in a dilemma where flexibility is lost and energy saving needs cannot be met. SUMMARY

[0004] Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application is to provide a preparation method of an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0006] S1: mixing carbon nanotubes and nano cerium oxide by a pulverizer to obtain a composite dispersion filler;

[0007] S2: sequentially adding PVC resin, plasticizer, composite stabilizer, lubricant, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 into a Banbury mixer to obtain a PVC mixture after mixing;

[0008] S3: transferring the PVC mixture obtained in S2 to an extruder, and extruding and molding under the assistance of an electric field to obtain the energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein a pulse electric field with a frequency of 0.8-1.2 kHz and a field strength of 6-10 kV / mm is applied to the die of the extruder.

[0009] It should be noted that the present application applies high-frequency pulse electric field to the extruder die head, utilizes the dielectric constant difference between the carbon nanotube CNT and the PVC matrix, excites strong electric dipole moment under the pulse field gradient, and matches the CNT polarization relaxation characteristic frequency (1 kHz) to realize efficient orientation, so that the CNT can be oriented and arranged along the cable axial direction in the extrusion process. This oriented arrangement helps to improve the mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and thermal stability of the composite material and the like.

[0010] In some embodiments, the silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: placing aluminum nitride and a silane coupling agent in a solvent and ball milling, and then drying to obtain.

[0011] In some embodiments, the solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, isopropanol and acetone; and the silane coupling agent is selected from at least one of KH-550 and KH-792.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ball-to-material ratio during ball milling is 5-6:1, the ball milling speed is 600-1000 rpm, and the drying temperature is 50-70℃.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plasticizer is selected from at least one of DOTP and GPO; the composite stabilizer is a Ca / Zn composite stabilizer; and the lubricant is selected from at least one of PE wax, oxidized polyethylene wax and stearyl alcohol.

[0014] In some embodiments, the crusher pressure is 0.7-0.9 MPa; the temperature of the internal mixer is 110-130℃ for the first section, 130-150℃ for the second section, and 145-165℃ for the third section; the internal mixing time is 6-10 min; and the rotor speed of the internal mixer is 35-45 rpm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the extruder is a double-screw extruder, and the temperature of the double-screw extruder is 150-170℃ for the first zone, 155-175℃ for the second zone, 160-180℃ for the third zone, 155-175℃ for the fourth zone, and 150-170℃ for the fifth zone.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application provides an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 30-50 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of composite stabilizer, 20-40 parts of silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 0.5-2 parts of carbon nanotube, 0.3-1 part of nano cerium oxide, and 0.5-1 part of lubricant.

[0017] In some embodiments, by weight parts, the following components are included: PVC resin 100 parts, plasticizer 35-45 parts, composite stabilizer 3.5-4.5 parts, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride 25-35 parts, carbon nanotube 1-1.5 parts, nano cerium oxide 0.4-0.8 parts, lubricant 0.6-0.9 parts.

[0018] In some embodiments, by weight parts, the following components are included: PVC resin 100 parts, plasticizer 40 parts, composite stabilizer 4 parts, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride 30 parts, carbon nanotube 1.2 parts, nano cerium oxide 0.5 parts, lubricant 0.8 parts.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present application creatively adds nano cerium oxide CeO2, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride AlN and carbon nanotube CNT in the energy-saving cable sheath material, Ce 3+ , Ce 4+ The redox pair accelerates electron transition, reduces carrier scattering, and can effectively reduce Joule heat; modified AlN provides a main path for phonon thermal conduction, and CNT forms an auxiliary electron heat dissipation channel, and the two complement each other to conduct heat, in addition, the chemical bonding of silanized AlN and the PVC matrix can improve the interface bonding energy, and the pulse electric field makes the CNT axial radial thermal conductivity ratio reach 8:1, greatly improving the heat dissipation performance of the material.

[0021] The energy-saving cable sheath material provided by the present application has excellent heat dissipation and thermal conductivity performance and good mechanical performance, CeO2 catalyzes electron transition and forms a quantum level synergistic effect of AlN-CNT double network heat conduction, which can effectively dissipate the conductor heat during cable operation, greatly reducing the cable line loss rate, while also effectively improving the charging efficiency of the cable; the chemical bonding interface formed by the silane coupling agent modified AlN and the polar groups of PVC, the pulse electric field directional arrangement of CNT, the reduction of hardening caused by plasticizer migration, the slowing down of material hardening damage speed, and the prolonging of the service life of the cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with examples.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] An energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, by weight parts, includes the following components: PVC (SG-5) resin 100 parts, plasticizer DOTP 40 parts, Ca / Zn composite stabilizer 4 parts, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride 30 parts, carbon nanotube 1.2 parts, nano cerium oxide 0.5 parts, PE wax 0.8 parts.

[0025] The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: placing aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent KH-550 in ethanol for ball milling, and obtaining after drying; the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1 during ball milling, the ball milling speed is 800 rpm, and the drying temperature is 60°C.

[0026] The energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy is prepared by the following steps:

[0027] S1: carbon nanotubes and nano cerium oxide are added to a high-speed airflow pulverizer for pulverizing and mixing under a pulverizing pressure of 0.8 MPa to obtain a composite dispersion filler;

[0028] S2: PVC resin, plasticizer DOTP, Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, PE wax, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 are sequentially added to a banbury mixer, and a PVC mixture is obtained after banburying for 8 min; the banbury mixer temperature is: 120°C for the first stage, 140°C for the second stage, and 155°C for the third stage, and the banbury mixer rotor speed is 40 rpm;

[0029] S3: the PVC mixture obtained in S2 is transferred to a twin-screw extruder, and electric field assisted extrusion molding is performed to obtain the energy-saving cable sheath material; a pulse electric field with a frequency of 1 kHz and a field strength of 8 kV / mm is applied at the extruder die; the twin-screw extruder temperature is: 160°C for the first zone, 165°C for the second zone, 170°C for the third zone, 165°C for the fourth zone, and 160°C for the fifth zone.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] An energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC (SG-5) resin, 45 parts of plasticizer GPO, 4.5 parts of Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, 35 parts of silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 1.5 parts of carbon nanotubes, 0.8 parts of nano cerium oxide, and 0.9 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax.

[0032] The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: placing aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent KH-792 in isopropyl alcohol for ball milling, and obtaining after drying; the ball-to-material ratio is 6:1 during ball milling, the ball milling speed is 900 rpm, and the drying temperature is 65°C.

[0033] The energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy is prepared by the following steps:

[0034] S1: carbon nanotubes and nano cerium oxide are added to a high-speed airflow pulverizer for pulverizing and mixing under a pulverizing pressure of 0.8 MPa to obtain a composite dispersion filler;

[0035] S2: sequentially adding the PVC resin, the plasticizer GPO, the Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, the oxidized polyethylene wax, the silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 into a mixer, and mixing for 9 min to obtain a PVC mixture; wherein the mixer temperature is: 125°C for the first stage, 145°C for the second stage, and 160°C for the third stage, and the mixer rotor speed is 45 rpm;

[0036] S3: transferring the PVC mixture obtained in S2 into a double-screw extruder, and performing electric field assisted extrusion molding to obtain the energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein a pulse electric field with a frequency of 1.2 kHz and a field strength of 9 kV / mm is applied at the extruder die; the double-screw extruder temperature is: 165°C for the first zone, 170°C for the second zone, 175°C for the third zone, 170°C for the fourth zone, and 165°C for the fifth zone.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] An energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC (SG-5) resin, 35 parts of plasticizer DOTP, 3.5 parts of Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, 25 parts of silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 1 part of carbon nanotube, 0.4 part of nano cerium oxide, and 0.6 part of stearyl alcohol.

[0039] The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: placing aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent KH-550 in acetone and ball milling, and then drying to obtain; the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1 during ball milling, and the ball milling speed is 700 rpm; the drying temperature is 55°C.

[0040] The above-mentioned energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy is prepared by the following steps:

[0041] S1: adding the carbon nanotube and the nano cerium oxide into a high-speed airflow pulverizer, and performing pulverizing mixing under a pulverizing pressure of 0.7-0.9 MPa to obtain a composite dispersion filler;

[0042] S2: sequentially adding the PVC resin, the plasticizer DOTP, the Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, the stearyl alcohol, the silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 into a mixer, and mixing for 7 min to obtain a PVC mixture; wherein the mixer temperature is: 115°C for the first stage, 135°C for the second stage, and 150°C for the third stage, and the mixer rotor speed is 35 rpm;

[0043] S3: transferring the PVC mixture obtained in S2 into a double screw extruder, and performing electric field assisted extrusion molding to obtain the energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein a pulse electric field with a frequency of 0.9 kHz and a field strength of 7 kV / mm is applied at the die head of the extruder; the temperature of the double screw extruder is: 155°C in the first zone, 160°C in the second zone, 165°C in the third zone, 160°C in the fourth zone, and 155°C in the fifth zone.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] An energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, comprising the following components by weight: PVC (SG-5) resin 100 parts, plasticizer DOTP 30 parts, Ca / Zn composite stabilizer 3 parts, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride 20 parts, carbon nanotube 0.5 part, nano cerium oxide 0.3 part, and PE wax 0.5 part.

[0046] The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: placing aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent KH-550 in ethanol and ball milling, and then drying to obtain; the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1 during ball milling, and the ball milling speed is 600 rpm; the drying temperature is 50°C.

[0047] The above-mentioned energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy is prepared by the following steps:

[0048] S1: adding carbon nanotubes and nano cerium oxide into a high-speed airflow pulverizer, and performing pulverizing mixing under a pulverizing pressure of 0.7 MPa to obtain a composite dispersed filler;

[0049] S2: sequentially adding PVC resin, plasticizer DOTP, Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, PE wax, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersed filler obtained in S1 into a Banbury mixer, and performing mixing for 6 min to obtain a PVC mixture; wherein the temperature of the Banbury mixer is: 110°C in the first stage, 130°C in the second stage, and 145°C in the third stage, and the rotor speed of the Banbury mixer is 35 rpm;

[0050] S3: transferring the PVC mixture obtained in S2 into a double screw extruder, and performing electric field assisted extrusion molding to obtain the energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein a pulse electric field with a frequency of 0.8 kHz and a field strength of 6 kV / mm is applied at the die head of the extruder; the temperature of the double screw extruder is: 150°C in the first zone, 155°C in the second zone, 160°C in the third zone, 155°C in the fourth zone, and 150°C in the fifth zone.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] A catalytically synergistic energy-saving cable sheath material comprises, by weight, the following components: 100 parts of PVC (SG-5) resin, 50 parts of plasticizer DOTP, 5 parts of Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, 40 parts of silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 2 parts of carbon nanotubes, 1 part of nano-cerium oxide, and 1 part of PE wax.

[0053] The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride was prepared by the following steps: aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in ethanol and ball-milled, and then dried; the ball-to-material ratio during ball milling was 6:1, the ball milling speed was 1000 rpm, and the drying temperature was 70℃.

[0054] The above-mentioned energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy is prepared by the following steps:

[0055] S1: Carbon nanotubes and nano-cerium oxide are added to a high-speed air jet mill and mixed under a grinding pressure of 0.9 MPa to obtain a composite dispersion filler;

[0056] S2: PVC resin, plasticizer DOTP, Ca / Zn composite stabilizer, PE wax, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 are added sequentially to the internal mixer and mixed for 10 min to obtain a PVC mixture; wherein, the internal mixer temperature is: 130℃ for the first stage, 150℃ for the second stage, and 165℃ for the third stage, and the internal mixer rotor speed is 45 rpm;

[0057] S3: Transfer the PVC mixture obtained in S2 to a twin-screw extruder and perform electric field-assisted extrusion molding to obtain an energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein, a pulsed electric field with a frequency of 1.2 kHz and a field strength of 10 kV / mm is applied to the extruder die; the twin-screw extruder temperatures are: Zone 1 170℃, Zone 2 175℃, Zone 3 180℃, Zone 4 175℃, and Zone 5 170℃.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that no pulsed electric field is applied to the extruder die.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that: no nano-cerium oxide is added, and the amount of nano-cerium oxide is superimposed on the carbon nanotubes.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is replaced with the same amount of spherical silicon oxide.

[0064] To demonstrate that the energy-saving cable sheath material provided by this invention possesses excellent heat dissipation and thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and the ability to slow down cable aging, performance tests were conducted on the cable sheath material provided by this invention. Table 1 shows the performance test results for Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3; Table 2 shows the relationship between tensile strength and aging time.

[0065] Tensile strength test method: Refer to national standard GB / T 1040.1-2018.

[0066] Bending performance test method: Refer to national standard GB / T 9341-2008.

[0067] Thermal conductivity test method: Refer to national standard GB / T 3399-1982.

[0068] Charging efficiency test method: The energy-saving cable sheath material provided by this invention is used to cover the simulated wire core, and the charging efficiency is tested under the conditions of 120kW DC fast charging pile, working current 200A, and ambient temperature -40℃~125℃.

[0069] Table 1

[0070]

[0071] Table 2

[0072]

[0073] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the energy-saving cable sheath material provided by this invention has excellent thermal conductivity, which can accelerate conductor heat dissipation and thus slow down cable aging. In addition, rapid heat dissipation can also indirectly improve the charging efficiency of the cable. In Comparative Example 1, the lack of a pulsed electric field caused the CNTs to be unable to align, thereby reducing the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the cable sheath material, further reducing the charging efficiency of the cable. Comparative Example 2 did not add CeO2, and Comparative Example 3 replaced the modified AlN with silicon oxide, which cannot form a synergistic heat dissipation network with CNTs. As a result, the cable sheath materials prepared in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 performed poorly in terms of thermal conductivity and heat dissipation, thus accelerating the aging of the cable.

[0074] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy, characterized in that, The preparation steps include the following: S1: Carbon nanotubes and nano-cerium oxide are mixed using a pulverizer to obtain a composite dispersion filler; S2: PVC resin, plasticizer, composite stabilizer, lubricant, silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, and the composite dispersion filler obtained in S1 are added sequentially to a mixer. After mixing, a PVC mixture is obtained. The silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride is prepared by the following steps: aluminum nitride and silane coupling agent are ball-milled in a solvent and then dried. S3: Transfer the PVC mixture obtained in S2 to an extruder and perform electric field-assisted extrusion molding to obtain an energy-saving cable sheath material; wherein, a pulsed electric field with a frequency of 0.8-1.2 kHz and a field strength of 6-10 kV / mm is applied to the extruder die.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone; the silane coupling agent is selected from at least one of KH-550 and KH-792.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball-to-material ratio during ball milling is 5-6:1, the ball milling speed is 600-1000 rpm, and the drying temperature is 50-70℃.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer is selected from at least one of DOTP and GPO; the composite stabilizer is a Ca / Zn composite stabilizer; and the lubricant is selected from at least one of PE wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, and stearyl alcohol.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure of the pulverizer is 0.7-0.9 MPa; the temperature of the internal mixer is: 110-130℃ for the first stage, 130-150℃ for the second stage, and 145-165℃ for the third stage; the mixing time is 6-10 min; and the rotor speed of the internal mixer is 35-45 rpm.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the temperatures of the twin-screw extruder are: Zone 1 150-170℃, Zone 2 155-175℃, Zone 3 160-180℃, Zone 4 155-175℃, and Zone 5 150-170℃.

7. A catalytically synergistic energy-saving cable sheath material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 100 parts PVC resin, 30-50 parts plasticizer, 3-5 parts composite stabilizer, 20-40 parts silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 0.5-2 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.3-1 parts nano cerium oxide, and 0.5-1 parts lubricant.

8. The energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy according to claim 7, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 100 parts PVC resin, 35-45 parts plasticizer, 3.5-4.5 parts composite stabilizer, 25-35 parts silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 1-1.5 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.4-0.8 parts nano cerium oxide, and 0.6-0.9 parts lubricant.

9. The energy-saving cable sheath material based on catalytic synergy according to claim 8, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 100 parts PVC resin, 40 parts plasticizer, 4 parts composite stabilizer, 30 parts silane coupling agent modified aluminum nitride, 1.2 parts carbon nanotubes, 0.5 parts nano cerium oxide, and 0.8 parts lubricant.

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