Top plate compensation crushing device suitable for hydraulic support

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports, and discloses a top plate compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support, which is used for compensating a gap between a top beam of the hydraulic support and an uneven roadway top plate in the lifting process and crushing the top plate before the lifting process. The top plate compensation crushing device is formed by connecting a plurality of compensation hydraulic cylinders in series through oil conveying pipes, each compensation hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston rod and a rigid spring, and the compensation hydraulic cylinders are installed above a hydraulic support top beam in a bolt fixing mode. When the frame is lifted, the top plate compensation crushing device is always attached to the roadway top plate in the supporting process of the hydraulic support through the rigid spring arranged in the compensation hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the compensation crushing hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the rotary reversing valve to stretch out and draw back at a certain frequency before the frame is lowered, so that the roadway top plate is crushed; the hydraulic support integrates the gap compensation function and the roof crushing function, the active supporting capacity of the hydraulic support on a complex roof is improved, the complexity of equipment is reduced, potential safety hazards of personnel are reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and safe and efficient advancing of a working face is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic supports, and in particular relates to a top plate compensating and crushing device suitable for hydraulic supports. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine roadway roof support is a crucial step in coal mining, closely linked to mine stability and worker safety. In the fully mechanized mining face support system, hydraulic supports are core equipment for ensuring roof stability and operational safety. During actual mining, the roadway roof can become uneven, creating gaps between the hydraulic support beams and the roof, thus compromising roof support stability.

[0003] Currently, gap filling methods such as manually laying wood and shotcrete are commonly used to address this issue. Manually laying wood for gap filling relies too heavily on manual labor, severely impacting the continuity of coal mining and overall automation, and posing potential safety risks. Shotcrete filling can cause deformation of the fill material over time, leading to stress concentration in the roof, thus shortening the service life of the hydraulic support. To address this issue, the present invention proposes a roof compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to solve the defects of the current technology, the present invention proposes a top plate compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support, which effectively solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a top plate compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support, wherein the top plate compensating and crushing device is composed of multiple compensating and crushing hydraulic cylinders connected in series through an oil pipeline, and the compensating and crushing hydraulic cylinders include a cylinder barrel, a piston rod and a rigid spring. The top plate compensating and crushing device is installed side by side above the top beam of the hydraulic support by means of bolts.

[0006] Preferably, during the process of lifting the hydraulic support, the distance between the top beam of the hydraulic support and the roof of the tunnel gradually decreases, and the rigid spring located inside the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder is continuously compressed until the lifting process stops. Under the influence of the rigid spring, the piston rod of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder always fits the roof of the tunnel, thereby improving the stability of the hydraulic support support; the top plate compensating crushing device impact-crushes the roof of the tunnel before the hydraulic support is lowered, and the top plate compensating crushing device changes the oil inlet and outlet directions of the oil ports A and B through the rotary reversing valve connected to it, so that the piston rod reciprocates and extends, thereby achieving the crushing of the tunnel roof.

[0007] Preferably, it includes a valve body, a drive motor, a rotary valve core and a coupling, and the valve body has a total of six oil ports, of which oil port C and oil port D are located above the valve body, and oil port E, oil port F, oil port G and oil port H are located below the valve body. The valve body is located so that the internal space is divided into two parts by a partition in the middle, and the oil port C, oil port E and oil port F are located on the left, and the oil port D, oil port G and oil port H are located on the right. The rotary valve core is located inside the valve body and is connected to the drive motor through a coupling.

[0008] Preferably, the rotary reversing valve controls the rotary valve core through the driving motor to make the compensation crushing hydraulic cylinder realize the conversion between oil supply and oil discharge, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod; the oil port C of the rotary reversing valve is connected to the oil port A of the compensation crushing hydraulic cylinder, and the oil port D of the rotary reversing valve is connected to the oil port B of the compensation crushing hydraulic cylinder. When the rotary valve core is located at the oil port E and the oil port G, the hydraulic oil enters from the oil port H and is transported to the oil chamber below the compensation crushing hydraulic cylinder through the oil port D and the oil port B, pushing the piston rod upward to press The hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber is compressed and returned to the oil tank through "oil port A-oil port C-oil port F". When the rotary valve core is located at oil port F and oil port H, the hydraulic oil enters from oil port E and is transported to the oil chamber above the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder through oil port C and oil port A, pushing the piston rod to move downward, and compressing the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber to return to the oil tank through "oil port B-oil port D-oil port H". The drive motor controls the rotary valve core to rotate repeatedly, so that the piston rod is continuously extended and retracted at a certain frequency, thereby achieving the crushing of the tunnel roof.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0010] The present invention utilizes the self-recovering properties of the rigid spring inside the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder to resist deformation, so that the roof compensating crushing device can always fit the roof and achieve adaptive compensation for roofs of different shapes. The present invention controls the direction of oil inlet and outlet of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder by rotating the reversing valve, so that the piston rod extends and retracts at a certain frequency, thereby achieving the crushing of uneven roofs in the tunnel. The present invention integrates the functions of gap compensation and roof crushing, improves the active support capability of the hydraulic support for complex roofs, reduces the complexity of the equipment, reduces safety hazards for personnel, improves work efficiency, and ensures safe and efficient advancement of the working face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0012] In the attached figure:

[0013] Figure 1 This is the layout diagram of the top plate compensation crushing device.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the top plate compensation crushing device.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder in the compression state.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary reversing valve.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotary reversing valve.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the rotary reversing valve when the piston rod is extended.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the rotary reversing valve when the piston rod retracts.

[0021] In the figure: 1-top plate compensating crushing device; 2-hydraulic support; 3-rotary reversing valve; 11-compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder; 12-oil pipeline; 31-valve body; 32-drive motor; 33-rotary valve core; 34-coupling; 111-piston rod; 112-cylinder barrel; 113-rigidity spring; A, B-oil ports of compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder; C, D, E, F, G, H-oil ports of rotary reversing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the present invention is a top plate compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support, wherein the top plate compensating and crushing device (1) is composed of a plurality of compensating and crushing hydraulic cylinders (11) connected in series via an oil pipe (12), wherein the compensating and crushing hydraulic cylinders (11) include a cylinder barrel (112), a piston rod (111) and a rigid spring (113), and the top plate compensating and crushing device (1) is installed side by side above the top beam of the hydraulic support (2) by means of bolt fixation.

[0024] like Figure 4As shown, during the process of the hydraulic support (2) being lifted, the top plate compensating crushing device (1) gradually reduces the distance between the top beam of the hydraulic support (2) and the top plate of the tunnel, and the rigid spring (113) inside the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) is continuously compressed until the lifting process stops. Under the influence of the rigid spring (113), the piston rod (111) of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) always fits the top plate of the tunnel, thereby improving the support stability of the hydraulic support (2); the top plate compensating crushing device (1) impacts and crushes the top plate of the tunnel before the hydraulic support (2) is lowered. The top plate compensating crushing device (1) changes the oil inlet and outlet directions of the oil port A and the oil port B through the rotary reversing valve (3) connected thereto, so that the piston rod (111) reciprocates and contracts, thereby achieving the crushing of the top plate of the tunnel.

[0025] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the rotary reversing valve comprises a valve body (31), a drive motor (32), a rotary valve core (33) and a coupling (34). The valve body has six oil ports, wherein the oil port C and the oil port D are located above the valve body, and the oil ports E, F, G and H are located below the valve body. The valve body is located in a manner such that the internal space is divided into two parts by a partition in the middle, wherein the oil ports C, E and F are located on the left side, and the oil ports D, G and H are located on the right side. The rotary valve core is located inside the valve body and is connected to the drive motor through a coupling.

[0026] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the rotary reversing valve (11) controls the rotary valve core (33) through the driving motor (32) to realize the conversion between oil supply and oil discharge of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11), thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod (111); the oil port C of the rotary reversing valve (3) is connected to the oil port A of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11), and the oil port D of the rotary reversing valve (3) is connected to the oil port B of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11). When the rotary valve core (3) is located at the oil port E and the oil port G, the hydraulic oil enters from the oil port H and is transported to the oil chamber below the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) through the oil port D and the oil port B, pushing the hydraulic oil into the oil chamber below the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11). The movable piston rod moves upward, compressing the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber and returning it to the oil tank through "oil port A-oil port C-oil port F". When the rotary valve core (33) is located at oil port F and oil port H, the hydraulic oil enters from oil port E and is transported to the upper oil chamber of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) through oil port C and oil port A, pushing the piston rod to move downward, compressing the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber and returning it to the oil tank through "oil port B-oil port D-oil port H". The driving motor (32) controls the rotary valve core (33) to rotate repeatedly, so that the piston rod (111) is continuously extended and retracted at a certain frequency, thereby achieving the crushing of the tunnel roof.

Claims

1. A roof compensating and crushing device suitable for a hydraulic support, characterized by: The top plate compensating crushing device (1) is composed of a plurality of compensating crushing hydraulic cylinders (11) connected in series via an oil pipe (12), wherein the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) comprises a cylinder barrel (112), a piston rod (111) and a rigid spring (113), and the top plate compensating crushing device (1) is installed side by side above the top beam of the hydraulic support (2) by means of bolt fixation.

2. The top plate compensating crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of the hydraulic support (2) being lifted, the top plate compensating crushing device (1) gradually reduces the distance between the top beam of the hydraulic support (2) and the top plate of the tunnel, and the rigid spring (113) inside the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) is continuously compressed until the lifting process stops. Under the influence of the rigid spring (113), the piston rod (111) of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) always fits the top plate of the tunnel, thereby improving the support stability of the hydraulic support (2). Before the hydraulic support (2) is lowered, the top plate compensating crushing device (1) impacts and crushes the top plate of the tunnel. The top plate compensating crushing device (1) changes the oil inlet and outlet directions of the oil port A and the oil port B through the rotary reversing valve (3) connected thereto, so that the piston rod (111) reciprocates and contracts, thereby achieving crushing of the top plate of the tunnel.

3. The rotary reversing valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body (31), a driving motor (32), a rotary valve core (33) and a coupling (34), wherein the valve body has six oil ports, wherein the oil port C and the oil port D are located above the valve body, and the oil ports E, F, G and H are located below the valve body. The valve body is located so that the internal space is divided into two parts by a partition in the middle, wherein the oil ports C, E and F are located on the left side, and the oil ports D, G and H are located on the right side. The rotary valve core is located inside the valve body and is connected to the driving motor through a coupling.

4. The rotary reversing valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary reversing valve (11) controls the rotary valve core (33) through the driving motor (32) to realize the conversion between oil supply and oil discharge of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11), thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the piston rod (111); the oil port C of the rotary reversing valve (3) is connected to the oil port A of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11), and the oil port D of the rotary reversing valve (3) is connected to the oil port B of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11). When the rotary valve core (3) is located at the oil port E and the oil port G, the hydraulic oil enters from the oil port H and is transported to the oil chamber below the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) through the oil port D and the oil port B, pushing the piston rod (111) to move. The piston rod moves upward, compressing the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber and returning it to the oil tank through "oil port A-oil port C-oil port F". When the rotary valve core (33) is located at oil port F and oil port H, the hydraulic oil enters from oil port E and is transported to the upper oil chamber of the compensating crushing hydraulic cylinder (11) through oil port C and oil port A, pushing the piston rod to move downward, compressing the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber and returning it to the oil tank through "oil port B-oil port D-oil port H". The driving motor (32) controls the rotary valve core (33) to rotate repeatedly, so that the piston rod (111) continuously extends and retracts at a certain frequency, thereby achieving the crushing of the tunnel roof.

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