Brush type sealing structure self-adaptive to rotor eccentricity
Through the brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity and the cooperation of radial and axial elastic parts with metal plates, the leakage and hysteresis effect problems caused by rotor eccentricity are solved, and the sealing performance is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510813163.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing brush seal structure cannot adapt to rotor eccentricity, resulting in increased leakage and hysteresis effect.
The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity adapts to the rotor eccentricity through the cooperation of radial and axial elastic parts and metal plates, reducing leakage and suppressing brush deformation and hysteresis effect.
It effectively reduces leakage caused by rotor eccentricity, limits brush deformation, inhibits the generation of hysteresis effect, and improves sealing performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN120650436A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a brush seal structure used in a rotary machine, and in particular provides a brush seal structure capable of self-adapting to rotor eccentricity. Background Art
[0002] Brush seals, as advanced flexible contact dynamic seals, are widely used in turbine machinery such as aircraft engines and gas turbines due to their excellent dynamic adaptability and low leakage characteristics. Brush seals offer low leakage, strong adaptability, and long service life. The flexibility of the brush filaments allows them to elastically deform to adapt to radial runout and thermal expansion of the rotor, reducing media leakage. Therefore, brush seals play an important role in aerospace, industrial machinery, and other fields.
[0003] However, in actual engineering applications, the eccentric rotation of the rotor will cause the local gap between the brush seal and the rotor to increase instantaneously, forming a leakage channel and affecting the sealing performance. In addition, the eccentricity of the rotor will instantaneously increase the interference, causing the last row of brush wires to bend and deform and contact with the rear baffle, inducing a hysteresis effect, which further affects the sealing performance.
[0004] Therefore, proposing a new type of brush seal structure to adapt to the eccentricity of the rotor, reduce leakage, limit the deformation of the brush wire, and inhibit the hysteresis effect has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a brush seal structure that is self-adaptive to rotor eccentricity, so as to solve the problem that the existing brush seal structure cannot adapt to rotor eccentricity.
[0006] The present invention provides a brush seal structure with an adaptive rotor eccentricity, comprising: a front baffle, a brush bundle, a rear baffle, an axial elastic member, a radial elastic member and an elastic metal plate, wherein the brush bundle is fixedly arranged between the front baffle and the rear baffle, the elastic metal plate comprises an annular metal plate arranged between the brush bundle and the rear baffle and a plurality of strip metal plates evenly arranged between the rear baffle and the rotor, the outer periphery of the annular metal plate is fixed between the brush bundle and the rear baffle, one end of the strip metal plate is connected to the inner periphery of the annular metal plate, the axial elastic members are multiple and arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear baffle, the two ends of the axial elastic member are respectively connected to the rear baffle and the annular metal plate, for limiting the backward movement of the annular metal plate, the radial elastic member is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the strip metal plate, the two ends of the radial elastic member are respectively connected to the rear baffle and the strip metal plate, and the radial elastic member is used to push the strip metal plate to make it fit the surface of the rotor.
[0007] Preferably, the axial elastic members include two groups, wherein one group of axial elastic members is arranged at the middle portion of the inner side of the rear baffle, and the other group of axial elastic members is arranged at the free end of the rear baffle.
[0008] Further preferably, both ends of the axial elastic member and the radial elastic member are welded to the rear baffle and the elastic metal plate.
[0009] Further preferably, the axial elastic member and the radial elastic member are both spring structures. During initial installation, the axial elastic member is in a natural state, the radial elastic member is in a compressed state, and the strip metal plate is in contact with the surface of the rotor.
[0010] Further preferably, the strip metal plate is a double-layer metal plate structure, wherein the expansion coefficient of the metal layer close to the rotor is greater than the expansion coefficient of the metal layer far from the rotor.
[0011] The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity provided by the present invention has a reasonable structure. Through the cooperation of radial elastic parts and strip metal plates, it can adapt to the eccentricity of the rotor and reduce leakage. Through the cooperation of axial elastic parts and annular metal plates, it can limit the deformation of brush wires and inhibit the generation of hysteresis effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
[0013] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity provided by the present invention;
[0014] Figure 2 A state diagram of the brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity provided by the present invention when the rotor is eccentric;
[0015] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic metal plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0017] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides a brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity, comprising: a front baffle 1, a brush bundle 2, a rear baffle 3, an axial elastic member 4, a radial elastic member 5 and an elastic metal plate 6, wherein the brush bundle 2 is fixedly arranged between the front baffle 1 and the rear baffle 3, and the elastic metal plate 6 comprises an annular metal plate 61 arranged between the brush bundle 2 and the rear baffle 3 and a plurality of strip metal plates 62 uniformly arranged between the rear baffle 3 and the rotor 10, the outer periphery of the annular metal plate 61 is fixed between the brush bundle 2 and the rear baffle 3, and one end of the strip metal plate 62 is connected to the annular metal plate 61, the inner circumference of the said rear baffle 3 is connected, the said axial elastic member 4 is multiple and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the said rear baffle 3, the two ends of the said axial elastic member 4 are respectively connected to the said rear baffle 3 and the said annular metal plate 61, the said axial elastic member 4 is used to limit the backward movement of the said annular metal plate 61, thereby limiting the deformation of the last row of brush wires and avoiding the contact between the last row of brush wires and the rear baffle, the said radial elastic member 5 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the said strip metal plate 62, the two ends of the said radial elastic member 5 are respectively connected to the said rear baffle 3 and the said strip metal plate 62, the said radial elastic member 5 is used to push the said strip metal plate 62 to make it fit with the surface of the rotor 10.
[0018] The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity can adapt to the eccentricity of the rotor and reduce leakage through the cooperation of the radial elastic member and the strip metal plate. The cooperation of the axial elastic member and the annular metal plate can limit the deformation of the brush wire and inhibit the generation of the hysteresis effect. Specifically: when the rotor is eccentric, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a leakage gap appears between the lower brush wire and the rotor. At this time, the radial elastic member on the lower side recovers to the free state under the action of the restoring force, thereby pushing the strip metal plate upward to close the leakage gap and reduce the increase in leakage caused by the eccentricity of the rotor. In addition, when the rotor is eccentric, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the upper brush wire will bend and deform due to the interference of the rotor. The annular metal plate can limit the deformation of the brush wire, prevent the last row of brush wires from contacting the rear baffle, and suppress the generation of the hysteresis effect.
[0019] As an improvement of the technical solution, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the axial elastic members 4 include two groups, wherein one group of axial elastic members 4 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the rear baffle 3, and the other group of axial elastic members 4 is arranged at the free end of the rear baffle 3. The axial elastic members located in the middle can limit the deformation of the brush wires toward the rear baffle due to the eccentricity of the rotor and the axial pressure difference. The axial elastic members located at the ends can also avoid the collision and friction between the metal plate and the rear baffle caused by the axial pressure difference while limiting the deformation of the brush wires.
[0020] As an improvement to the technical solution, both ends of the axial elastic member 4 and the radial elastic member 5 are welded to the rear baffle 3 and the elastic metal plate 6 .
[0021] As an improvement to the technical solution, the axial elastic member 4 and the radial elastic member 5 are both spring structures. During initial installation, the axial elastic member 4 is in a natural state, the radial elastic member 5 is in a compressed state, and the strip metal plate 62 is in contact with the surface of the rotor 10 .
[0022] To reduce friction between the strip metal plate and the rotor, as an improvement to the technical solution, the strip metal plate 62 is a double-layered structure. The metal layer closer to the rotor 10 has a greater coefficient of expansion than the layer farther from the rotor 10, and the two layers are tightly bonded by welding. When the elastic metal plate and rotor heat up due to wear, the high-expansion-coefficient layer expands much more than the low-expansion-coefficient layer. Because the two layers fit tightly together, the high-expansion-coefficient layer's attempts to "stretch" are constrained by the low-expansion-coefficient layer, generating internal thermal stress. This thermal stress forces the double-layered metal plate to bend toward the low-expansion-coefficient layer, creating a curvature that appears as an upward lift, thus reducing wear.
[0023] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are written in a progressive manner, emphasizing the differences between the various implementation methods, and similar parts can be referenced to each other.
[0024] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity, characterized in that: include: A front baffle (1), a brush bundle (2), a rear baffle (3), an axial elastic member (4), a radial elastic member (5) and an elastic metal plate (6), wherein the brush bundle (2) is fixedly arranged between the front baffle (1) and the rear baffle (3), and the elastic metal plate (6) includes an annular metal plate (61) arranged between the brush bundle (2) and the rear baffle (3) and a plurality of strip metal plates (62) uniformly arranged between the rear baffle (3) and the rotor (10), the outer periphery of the annular metal plate (61) is fixed between the brush bundle (2) and the rear baffle (3), and one end of the strip metal plate (62) is in contact with the rotor (10). The inner circumference of the annular metal plate (61) is connected, the axial elastic member (4) is multiple and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear baffle (3), the two ends of the axial elastic member (4) are respectively connected to the rear baffle (3) and the annular metal plate (61), and is used to limit the rearward movement of the annular metal plate (61), the radial elastic member (5) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the strip metal plate (62), the two ends of the radial elastic member (5) are respectively connected to the rear baffle (3) and the strip metal plate (62), and the radial elastic member (5) is used to push the strip metal plate (62) to make it fit with the surface of the rotor (10).
2. The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial elastic members (4) include two groups, wherein one group of axial elastic members (4) is arranged at the middle portion of the inner side of the rear baffle (3), and the other group of axial elastic members (4) is arranged at the free end of the rear baffle (3).
3. The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the axial elastic member (4) and the radial elastic member (5) are welded to the rear baffle (3) and the elastic metal plate (6).
4. The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial elastic member (4) and the radial elastic member (5) are both spring structures. During initial installation, the axial elastic member (4) is in a natural state, the radial elastic member (5) is in a compressed state, and the strip metal plate (62) is in contact with the surface of the rotor (10).
5. The brush seal structure with adaptive rotor eccentricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip metal plate (62) is a double-layer metal plate structure, wherein the expansion coefficient of the metal layer close to the rotor (10) is greater than the expansion coefficient of the metal layer far from the rotor (10).