A laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags, belonging to the field of laser cutting technology. It includes a support plate, with a laser head and a control component mounted on top of the support plate. The laser head is installed within the control component, which controls the movement of the laser head along the X and Y axes. Multiple sets of photoelectric ranging sensors are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the laser head. This invention enables layer-by-layer cutting, cutting only a preset thickness at a time, resulting in relatively less heat generated at each layer, avoiding localized overheating, reducing the heat-affected zone, and improving cutting quality. During the cutting process, an infrared thermometer monitors the temperature at the cutting point in real time, and dynamically adjusts the laser head's cutting power based on the difference between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature, ensuring a stable and efficient cutting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically, to a laser cutting apparatus and method for livestock ear tags. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of animal identification systems, livestock ear tags serve as effective proof of livestock identity in livestock breeding and management. During the livestock breeding process, attaching ear tags enables accurate identification and tracking management of animals. Livestock ear tags are typically affixed to the animal's ear and are generally made of plastic. Polyethylene (PE) plastic is a commonly used material for making ear tags due to its good flexibility, chemical resistance, and relatively low cost.

[0003] In the process of making livestock ear tags, a plastic sheet is first selected, and then the cutting process begins. Currently, laser cutting equipment is generally used to cut the selected plastic sheet. Laser cutting has many advantages, such as high cutting precision, high speed, and smooth cuts, which can better meet the requirements of ear tags in terms of shape and size.

[0004] During laser cutting of plastic materials, due to the relatively poor thermal conductivity of plastic, heat is not easily conducted away during the cutting process, resulting in a significant accumulation of heat near the cutting area. This heat accumulation leads to an increase in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). An increased HAZ negatively impacts the cutting quality of the plastic sheet, manifesting as deformation, melting, and shrinkage at the edges. These phenomena severely affect cutting precision and product quality, potentially causing the produced ear tags to fail to meet design requirements and usage standards.

[0005] Taking the cutting of polyethylene (PE) plastic sheets as an example, when the heat-affected zone increases, the edges of the plastic sheet are prone to wavy deformation. This deformation can cause deviations between the actual size and the design size of the ear tag. For example, the length, width, or thickness of the ear tag may not meet the pre-set specifications. Size discrepancies not only affect the appearance quality of the ear tag but may also prevent it from being properly installed or worn during actual use.

[0006] During the cutting process, the surface flatness of the material is also a key concern. If the surface is uneven, the more uneven areas are closer to the laser head, and during laser cutting, these areas will be subjected to stronger laser irradiation, causing their temperature to rise rapidly. Since plastic materials are prone to shrinkage and deformation at high temperatures, the probability of wavy deformation at the edges of these areas will greatly increase. This will not only further affect cutting accuracy and product quality, but may also lead to material waste and increased production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags. This method enables layer-by-layer cutting, cutting only a preset thickness at a time, thus reducing the heat generated by each layer and avoiding localized overheating. This reduces the heat-affected zone and improves the cutting quality. During the cutting process, an infrared thermometer is used to monitor the temperature value of the cutting point in real time, and the cutting power of the laser head is dynamically adjusted based on the difference between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature to ensure a stable and efficient cutting process.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] A laser cutting device and method for livestock ear tags includes a support plate, a laser head and a control assembly disposed above the support plate, the laser head being installed inside the control assembly, the control assembly controlling the laser head to move along the X and Y axes, multiple sets of photoelectric ranging sensors being installed on the outer surface of the laser head, the multiple sets of photoelectric ranging sensors being evenly distributed on the outer surface of the laser head, the photoelectric ranging sensors being used to detect the height of the cutting part of the object being cut, and an infrared thermometer being installed on the control assembly, the infrared thermometer being used to measure the temperature of the cutting trajectory on the surface of the object being cut;

[0010] The control component is also equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head to cut layer by layer along the cutting trajectory according to the preset cutting trajectory, and each cut only cuts a preset thickness. After each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting trajectory is detected by an infrared thermometer. When cutting each subsequent layer, the lowest temperature point in the previous layer's cutting trajectory is taken as the cutting start point of the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the cutting start point of the next layer. The laser head is controlled to move along the trajectory towards the highest temperature point, and the longest path is selected when moving.

[0011] The power adjustment module is used to move the laser head along a preset cutting trajectory and detect the distance between the laser head and the object being cut in real time through a photoelectric ranging sensor; automatically adjust the power of the laser head to the corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head and the object being cut; record the distance between the laser head and the object being cut at each point in the trajectory during the first layer of cutting, and adjust the laser head to the corresponding power in advance based on historical recorded data when cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent layers.

[0012] Furthermore, after each layer is cut, an infrared thermometer is used to measure the temperature at certain preset intervals along the cutting trajectory, and the maximum and minimum temperature points are selected from the measurement points.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting temperature is determined in advance based on the material of the object being cut. While the laser head is cutting along the cutting trajectory, the cutting temperature at the laser head is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer. If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the actual cutting temperature is subtracted from the preset cutting temperature. The direction of laser head power adjustment is determined based on the sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the laser head power adjustment value. The laser head is then adjusted to the corresponding power based on the power adjustment value.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the material properties of the object being cut, the safe power value of the laser head for the object being cut is determined through experiments at different distances. A laser power-distance mapping model is established. Based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor, the detected distance is input into the laser power-distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power. The power of the laser head is then adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power.

[0015] Furthermore, during the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head and the workpiece is detected in real time by a photoelectric distance sensor. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0016] Furthermore, a support frame is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support plate, and a movable mounting plate is provided at both the front and rear ends of the support plate. A mounting base and a first motor are fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable plate. A rotating roller is installed at one end of both the mounting base and the first motor. The rotating roller is rotatably connected to the mounting base and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor. A first belt is wound around the rotating roller.

[0017] Furthermore, a fixed plate is provided below the movable plate, and the left and right ends of the fixed plate are fixedly connected to the support frame. A spring is fixedly connected between the movable plate and the fixed plate. A lead screw is rotatably connected at the center of the lower end face of the movable plate. The lower end of the lead screw passes through the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the fixed plate. Limiting shafts are movably provided through both ends of the movable plate and the fixed plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the control component includes a mounting frame, with a support column fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting frame. The support column is fixedly connected to the support frame. The infrared thermometer is mounted on the mounting frame. A second motor is mounted on the mounting frame. A transmission rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. A pulley one is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the transmission rod near both ends. A second belt is wound around the pulley. A pulley two is wound around the end of the second belt away from the transmission rod. The pulley two is mounted on the mounting frame.

[0019] Furthermore, a crossbar is provided above the mounting frame, a third motor is mounted on one end of the crossbar, a pulley three is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the third motor, a third belt is wound around the pulley three, and a pulley four is wound around the end of the third belt away from the third motor. The pulley four is mounted on the crossbar, a first movable seat is slidably mounted on the crossbar, the upper end of the first movable seat is fixedly connected to the third belt, the laser head is mounted on the lower end of the first movable seat, and a second movable seat is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the crossbar at the front and rear ends. The second movable seat is slidably mounted on the mounting frame, and the second movable seat is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt.

[0020] The present invention also provides a laser cutting method and a laser cutting device suitable for livestock ear tags, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt, rotate the rotating disk to press the edge of the plastic sheet with the first belt, and then control the laser head to perform the cutting operation along the preset motion trajectory through the control component;

[0022] Step 2: Control the laser head to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting trajectory. Each cut only cuts the preset thickness. After each layer is cut, change the starting point and start the cutting operation again.

[0023] Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer detects the temperature value at the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head.

[0024] Step 4: Establish a laser power and distance mapping model in advance, use a photoelectric ranging sensor to detect the distance between the laser head and the object being cut in real time, and dynamically adjust the power of the laser head based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor.

[0025] Step 5: During the first layer of cutting, record the distance between the laser head and the object being cut at each point in the trajectory. When cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent layers, adjust the laser head to the appropriate power in advance based on the historical recorded data.

[0026] Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) This solution cuts layer by layer, cutting only the preset thickness each time, so that the heat generated by each layer is relatively small, avoiding local overheating, thereby reducing the heat-affected zone and improving the cutting quality. During the cutting process, the temperature value of the cutting point is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer, and the cutting power of the laser head is dynamically adjusted according to the difference between the actual cutting temperature and the preset cutting temperature to ensure that the cutting process is stable and efficient.

[0029] (2) During the first layer of cutting, this solution uses a photoelectric ranging sensor to detect the distance between the laser head and the object being cut in real time, and dynamically adjusts the power of the laser head according to the distance to ensure the consistency of the cutting effect. In the subsequent cutting process, based on historical data, it is possible to know in advance where the laser head needs to adjust its power on the trajectory, so as to prepare in advance and adjust the cutting parameters according to the preset strategy to avoid being unable to react in time, ensure the stability and accuracy of the cutting process, and effectively prevent cutting quality problems caused by uneven surface of the object being cut.

[0030] (3) In the subsequent cutting process, the photoelectric distance sensor continues to monitor the actual height in real time. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record will be automatically updated. At the same time, the power of the laser head will be adjusted according to the new detection distance to minimize the cutting quality problems caused by uneven surface and ensure that the surface of the cut product is flat. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an external view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the support frame and support plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the first belt of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base and rotating roller of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser head of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0039] 1. Support frame; 2. Support plate; 3. Laser head; 4. Infrared thermometer; 5. Photoelectric distance sensor; 6. Moving plate; 7. Mounting seat; 8. First motor; 9. First belt; 10. Rotating roller; 11. Limiting shaft; 12. Fixing plate; 13. Spring; 14. Lead screw; 15. Rotating disk; 16. Support column; 17. Mounting frame; 18. Second motor; 19. Transmission rod; 20. Second belt; 21. Third motor; 22. First moving seat; 23. Third belt; 24. Crossbar; 25. Second moving seat; 26. Support rod; 27. Support roller; 28. Plastic sheet roll. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Please see Figures 1 to 6 A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags includes a support plate 2, a laser head 3 and a control assembly above the support plate 2. The laser head 3 is installed inside the control assembly, which controls the laser head 3 to move along the X and Y axes. Multiple sets of photoelectric ranging sensors 5 are installed on the outer side of the laser head 3. The multiple sets of photoelectric ranging sensors 5 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the laser head 3. The photoelectric ranging sensors 5 are used to detect the height of the cutting part of the object. An infrared thermometer 4 is also installed on the control assembly, which is used to measure the temperature of the cutting trajectory on the surface of the object.

[0042] A support frame 1 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support plate 2. The front and rear ends of the support plate 2 are provided with mounting movable plates 6. The upper end of the movable plate 6 is fixedly installed with a mounting base 7 and a first motor 8. A rotating roller 10 is installed at one end of the mounting base 7 and the first motor 8. The rotating roller 10 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 7 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 8. A first belt 9 is wound around the rotating roller 10. A fixed plate 12 is provided below the movable plate 6. The left and right ends of the fixed plate 12 are fixedly connected to the support frame 1. A spring 13 is fixedly connected between the movable plate 6 and the fixed plate 12. A lead screw 14 is rotatably connected at the center of the lower end face of the movable plate 6. The lower end of the lead screw 14 passes through the fixed plate 12 and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 15. The lead screw 14 is threadedly connected to the fixed plate 12. Limiting shafts 11 are movably provided through both ends of the movable plate 6 and the fixed plate 12.

[0043] During operation, the staff loads the plastic sheet roll 28 onto the feeding rack, which consists of a support roller 27 and a support rod 26. Specifically, the support roller 27 is threaded through the center of the plastic sheet roll 28, so that both ends of the support roller 27 protrude from the center of the plastic sheet roll 28. Then, the two ends of the support roller 27 are respectively inserted into the mounting holes on the support rod 26, which is mounted on the support plate 2. After the plastic sheet roll 28 is installed, pull one end of the plastic sheet roll 28 out along the pull-out support plate 2 and pull it to the left. At the same time, pass the plastic sheet material under the first belt 9. Then, turn the rotating disk 15 forward. The rotating disk 15 drives the lead screw 14 to rotate forward. When the lead screw 14 rotates forward, it will pull the moving plate 6 to move downward. During the movement of the moving plate 6, it will drive the upper installed component to move down synchronously. In this way, the rotating roller 10 will move down synchronously, so that the first belt 9 presses on the edge of the plastic sheet material. Then, the laser head 3 is turned on to cut. After the laser head 3 completes the cutting at the corresponding position, the first motor 8 drives the corresponding rotating roller 10 to rotate. The rotating roller 10 will drive the first belt 9 to rotate. The outer surface of the first belt 9 is roughened to increase the friction between the first belt 9 and the plastic sheet material. In this way, during the rotation of the first belt 9, the friction will pull the plastic sheet material to move to the left. Then, the plastic sheet material to be cut will move to the bottom of the laser head 3 and be cut.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control component is further equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head 3 to cut layer by layer along the cutting trajectory according to the preset cutting trajectory, and each cut only cuts a preset thickness. After each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting trajectory is detected by the infrared thermometer 4. When cutting each subsequent layer, the lowest temperature point in the previous layer's cutting trajectory is taken as the cutting start point of the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the cutting start point of the next layer. The laser head 3 is controlled to move along the trajectory towards the highest temperature point, and the trajectory with the longest distance is selected when moving.

[0045] After each layer is cut, the infrared thermometer 4 measures the temperature at certain preset distances along the cutting trajectory, and selects the maximum and minimum temperature points from the measurement points.

[0046] The cutting temperature is determined in advance based on the material of the object to be cut. When the laser head 3 cuts along the cutting trajectory, the cutting temperature at the laser head 3 is detected in real time by the infrared thermometer 4. If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the actual cutting temperature is subtracted from the preset cutting temperature. The direction of the laser head 3 power adjustment is determined according to the sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the power adjustment value of the laser head 3. The laser head 3 is then adjusted to the corresponding power according to the power adjustment value.

[0047] During operation, the laser head 3 cuts thin slices along the cutting trajectory according to the preset cutting thickness. Only the preset cutting thickness is cut at a time, and the entire cutting task is completed through repeated cutting actions. Each slice is a thin layer, resulting in relatively little heat generated per layer and allowing time for the heat from the previous layer to dissipate before cutting the next layer. Applying only a small amount of heat at a time avoids localized overheating, ensuring cutting quality and preventing issues such as edge deformation of the plastic sheet due to excessive heat at once. The preset thickness can be 10% to 20% of the material thickness. After each layer is cut, an infrared thermometer 4 measures the temperature at preset intervals along the cutting trajectory. For example, if the interval is 3 mm, each 3 mm interval is a measurement point. The maximum and minimum temperature points are selected from these points. The minimum temperature point is used as the starting point for the next layer. If multiple minimum temperature points exist, the point furthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the starting point for the next layer. The distance between this starting point and the end point of the previous layer is the distance traveled by the laser head 3 along the cutting trajectory, not a straight-line distance. The laser head 3 moves from the starting point towards the point with the highest temperature. Based on the actual situation, the laser head 3 has two possible trajectories from the starting point to the highest temperature point. The trajectories with the longest distance from the starting point to the highest temperature point are selected. This is because the temperature near the end point of the first layer is relatively high at the end of the cutting process, requiring more time to cool down. Choosing a point farther from it as the starting point avoids cutting immediately in areas that have not been fully cooled, preventing excessive heat accumulation. This ensures a more uniform heat distribution during the cutting process, reducing the possibility of deformation or melting of the plastic sheet due to localized overheating. The longer path means that the laser head 3 reaches the high-temperature area later, allowing more cooling time for the high-temperature area, reducing the probability of undesirable deformation of the plastic sheet due to high temperatures, and ensuring cutting quality. A suitable cutting temperature, or preset cutting temperature, is determined in advance based on the material being cut. While the laser head 3 cuts along the cutting trajectory, the cutting temperature at the laser head 3 is monitored in real time by an infrared thermometer 4. If the actual cutting temperature differs from the preset cutting temperature, the actual cutting temperature is subtracted from the preset cutting temperature. The direction of laser head 3 power adjustment is determined by the sign of the difference. If the difference is positive, it indicates that the actual cutting temperature is higher than the preset cutting temperature, and the power of the laser head 3 needs to be reduced; if the difference is negative, it indicates that the actual cutting temperature is lower than the preset cutting temperature, and the power of the laser head 3 needs to be increased. The specific adjustment method for the laser head 3 is as follows: the absolute value of the difference is multiplied by a power adjustment coefficient to obtain the laser head 3 power adjustment value. The laser head 3 is then adjusted to the corresponding power based on this power adjustment value. The adjustment process should be relatively smooth to avoid sudden power changes that could lead to unstable cutting quality. For example, a gradual power adjustment can be used, progressively adjusting the power to the target value over a certain time interval.This power adjustment coefficient can be obtained through multiple experiments based on the characteristics of the material being cut. Since the characteristics of each material are different, the corresponding power adjustment coefficient is different for each material.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power adjustment module is used to move the laser head 3 along a preset cutting trajectory, and to detect the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut in real time by the photoelectric ranging sensor 5; to automatically adjust the power of the laser head 3 to the corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut; to record the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut at each point in the trajectory during the first layer of cutting, and to adjust the laser head 3 to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data when cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent layers;

[0049] Based on the material properties of the object to be cut, the safe power value of the laser head 3 for the object to be cut is determined through experiments at different distances. A laser power and distance mapping model is established. Based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor 5, the detected distance is input into the model of the laser power and distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power. The power of the laser head 3 is adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power.

[0050] During the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head 3 and the workpiece is detected in real time by the photoelectric distance sensor 5. If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head 3 is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0051] During operation, the photoelectric ranging sensor 5 is continuously activated based on the movement trajectory during the cutting process. This allows the photoelectric ranging sensor 5 to measure the distance between the laser head 3 and the workpiece in real time as the laser head 3 moves. When a distance change is detected during cutting, the corresponding laser power value is found from the laser power-distance mapping model based on the acquired distance, and then the laser head 3 is adjusted to the corresponding power. For example, if the plastic sheet being cut has uneven surfaces, the distance between the cutting position and the laser head 3 increases at concave areas, resulting in less laser energy received and ineffective cutting. Conversely, convex points are closer to the laser head 3, receiving more laser energy, which can cause a rapid increase in temperature at the cutting point and easily deform the cut edges. During the first layer of cutting, the distance between the laser head 3 and the plastic sheet is recorded in real time at every point along the cutting trajectory. For example, the distance between the laser head 3 and the plastic sheet is recorded every 1 millimeter along the cutting trajectory. This recorded data serves as historical data. In subsequent layers of cutting, this historical data allows for advance assessment of where power adjustments to the laser head 3 are needed along the trajectory. This enables proactive preparation and adjustment of cutting parameters according to a preset strategy, avoiding unforeseen delays and ensuring the stability and accuracy of the cutting process. It also effectively prevents cutting quality issues caused by uneven surfaces. In subsequent cutting processes, the photoelectric distance sensor 5 continues to monitor the actual height in real time. If the actual detected distance differs from the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated. Simultaneously, based on the new detected distance, the power of the laser head 3 is adjusted accordingly to minimize cutting quality issues caused by uneven surfaces and ensure a smooth surface on the finished product.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control component includes a mounting frame 17, with a support column 16 fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting frame 17. The support column 16 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1. An infrared thermometer 4 is mounted on the mounting frame 17. A second motor 18 is mounted on the mounting frame 17. A transmission rod 19 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 18. A pulley 1 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the transmission rod 19 near both ends. A second belt 20 is wound around the pulley. A second pulley 20 is wound around the end of the second belt 20 away from the transmission rod 19. The second pulley 2 is mounted on the mounting frame 17. A crossbar 24 is provided above the mounting frame 17. One end of the crossbar 24... A third motor 21 is installed, and a pulley three is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor 21. A third belt 23 is wound around the pulley three. A pulley four is wound around the end of the third belt 23 away from the third motor 21. The pulley four is installed on a crossbar 24. A first movable seat 22 is slidably installed on the crossbar 24. The upper end of the first movable seat 22 is fixedly connected to the third belt 23. The laser head 3 is installed at the lower end of the first movable seat 22. A second movable seat 25 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crossbar 24 at the front and rear ends. The second movable seat 25 is slidably installed on the mounting bracket 17. The second movable seat 25 is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt 20.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to control the laser head 3 to move along the X and Y axes, the second motor 18 controls the transmission rod 19 to rotate forward and backward. The forward and backward rotation of the transmission rod 19 controls the forward and backward movement of the second belt 20. The forward and backward movement of the second belt 20 drives the second movable seat 25 to move left and right on the mounting frame 17. During the movement of the second movable seat 25, it drives the crossbar 24 to move left and right. The left and right movement of the crossbar 24 drives the laser head 3 to move left and right. When it is necessary to move forward and backward, the third motor 21 is controlled to rotate forward and backward. The third motor 21 drives the third belt 23 to move forward and backward. During the forward and backward movement of the third belt 23, it drives the first movable seat 22 to move forward and backward on the crossbar 24. When the first movable seat 22 moves forward and backward, it drives the laser head 3 to move forward and backward. Through the cooperation of the second motor 18 and the third motor 21, the movement of the laser head 3 along the X and Y axes is controlled.

[0054] The present invention also provides a laser cutting method and a laser cutting device suitable for livestock ear tags, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt 9, rotate the rotating disk 15 to press the edge of the plastic sheet with the first belt 9, and then control the laser head 3 to perform the cutting operation along the preset motion trajectory through the control component.

[0056] Step 2: Control the laser head 3 to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting trajectory. Each cut only cuts the preset thickness. After each layer is cut, the starting point is changed and the cutting operation is repeated.

[0057] Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer 4 detects the temperature value of the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head 3.

[0058] Step 4: Establish a laser power and distance mapping model in advance, and use the photoelectric ranging sensor 5 to detect the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut in real time. Based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor 5, dynamically adjust the power of the laser head 3.

[0059] Step 5: During the first layer of cutting, record the distance between the laser head 3 and the object being cut at each point in the trajectory. When cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent steps, adjust the laser head 3 to the corresponding power in advance based on the historical recorded data.

[0060] Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head 3 is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags, comprising a support plate (2), characterised in that: A laser head (3) and a control component are arranged above the support plate (2). The laser head (3) is installed inside the control component. The control component is used to control the laser head (3) to move along the X-axis and Y-axis. Multiple sets of photoelectric distance sensors (5) are installed on the outer side of the laser head (3). The multiple sets of photoelectric distance sensors (5) are evenly distributed on the outer side of the laser head (3). The photoelectric distance sensors (5) are used to detect the height of the cutting part of the cutting object. An infrared thermometer (4) is also installed on the control component. The infrared thermometer (4) is used to measure the temperature of the cutting trajectory on the surface of the cutting object. The control component is also equipped with a multi-layer cutting module and a power adjustment module. The multi-layer cutting module is used to control the laser head (3) to cut layer by layer along the cutting trajectory according to the preset cutting trajectory, and each cut only cuts the preset thickness. After each layer is cut, the temperature in the cutting trajectory is detected by an infrared thermometer (4). When cutting each subsequent layer, the lowest temperature point in the previous layer cutting trajectory is taken as the cutting start point of the next layer. If there are multiple points with the same lowest temperature, the point farthest from the end point of the previous layer is selected as the cutting start point of the next layer. The laser head (3) is controlled to move along the trajectory towards the highest temperature point, and the trajectory with the longest distance is selected when moving. The power adjustment module is used to move the laser head (3) along the preset cutting trajectory and detect the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut in real time through the photoelectric distance sensor (5); automatically adjust the power of the laser head (3) to the corresponding power according to the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut; record the distance between the laser head (3) and the object to be cut at each point in the trajectory during the first layer of cutting, and adjust the laser head (3) to the corresponding power in advance according to the historical recorded data when cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent layers.

2. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 1, characterized in that: After each layer is cut, the infrared thermometer (4) measures the temperature at a certain preset distance along the cutting trajectory, and selects the maximum and minimum temperature points from the measurement points.

3. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting temperature is determined in advance based on the material of the object to be cut. When the laser head (3) cuts along the cutting trajectory, the cutting temperature at the laser head (3) is detected in real time by an infrared thermometer (4). If the actual cutting temperature does not match the preset cutting temperature, the actual cutting temperature is subtracted from the preset cutting temperature. The direction of the laser head (3) power adjustment is determined according to the sign of the difference. The absolute value of the difference is multiplied by the power adjustment coefficient to obtain the power adjustment value of the laser head (3). The laser head (3) is adjusted to the corresponding power according to the power adjustment value.

4. The laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the material properties of the object to be cut, the safe power value of the laser head (3) at different distances is determined through experiments. A laser power-distance mapping model is established. Based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor (5), the detected distance is input into the model of the laser power-distance mapping model to obtain the corresponding laser power. The power of the laser head (3) is adjusted according to the obtained corresponding laser power.

5. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, the distance between the laser head (3) and the cutting object is detected in real time by the photoelectric distance sensor (5). If the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head (3) is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

6. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support frame (1) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support plate (2). The front and rear ends of the support plate (2) are provided with mounting movable plates (6). The upper end of the movable plate (6) is fixedly installed with a mounting base (7) and a first motor (8). A rotating roller (10) is installed at one end of the mounting base (7) and the first motor (8). The rotating roller (10) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (7). The rotating roller (10) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor (8). A first belt (9) is wound around the rotating roller (10).

7. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixed plate (12) is provided below the movable plate (6). The left and right ends of the fixed plate (12) are fixedly connected to the support frame (1). A spring (13) is fixedly connected between the movable plate (6) and the fixed plate (12). A lead screw (14) is rotatably connected at the center of the lower end face of the movable plate (6). The lower end of the lead screw (14) passes through the fixed plate (12) and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (15). The lead screw (14) is threadedly connected to the fixed plate (12). Limiting shafts (11) are movably provided through both ends of the movable plate (6) and the fixed plate (12).

8. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control component includes a mounting frame (17), with a support column (16) fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting frame (17). The support column (16) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1). The infrared thermometer (4) is mounted on the mounting frame (17). A second motor (18) is mounted on the mounting frame (17). A transmission rod (19) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (18). A pulley is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the transmission rod (19) near both ends. A second belt (20) is wound around the pulley. A second pulley is wound around the end of the second belt (20) away from the transmission rod (19). The second pulley is mounted on the mounting frame (17).

9. A laser cutting device for livestock ear tags according to claim 8, characterized in that: A crossbar (24) is provided above the mounting frame (17). A third motor (21) is installed at one end of the crossbar (24). A pulley three is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor (21). A third belt (23) is wound around the pulley three. A pulley four is wound around the end of the third belt (23) away from the third motor (21). The pulley four is installed on the crossbar (24). A first movable seat (22) is slidably arranged on the crossbar (24). The upper end of the first movable seat (22) is fixedly connected to the third belt (23). The laser head (3) is installed at the lower end of the first movable seat (22). A second movable seat (25) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crossbar (24) at the front and rear ends. The second movable seat (25) is slidably arranged on the mounting frame (17). The second movable seat (25) is fixedly connected to the corresponding second belt (20).

10. A laser cutting method, applicable to the laser cutting device for livestock ear tags as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pass the plastic sheet under the first belt (9), turn the rotating disk (15) to press the edge of the plastic sheet with the first belt (9), and then control the laser head (3) to cut along the preset motion trajectory through the control component; Step 2: Control the laser head (3) to cut layer by layer along the preset cutting trajectory. Each cut only cuts the preset thickness. After each layer is cut, the starting point is changed and the cutting operation is performed again. Step 3: During the cutting process, the infrared thermometer (4) detects the temperature value of the cutting point in real time and dynamically adjusts the cutting power of the laser head (3); Step 4: First, establish a laser power and distance mapping model. Then, use the photoelectric ranging sensor (5) to detect the distance between the laser head (3) and the object being cut in real time. Based on the distance detected by the photoelectric ranging sensor (5), dynamically adjust the power of the laser head (3). Step 5: During the first layer of cutting, record the distance between the laser head (3) and the object being cut at each point in the trajectory. When cutting to the corresponding position in subsequent steps, adjust the laser head (3) to the corresponding power in advance based on the historical recorded data. Step 6: During the layer-by-layer cutting process, if the actual detected distance does not match the recorded distance, the record is automatically updated, and the power of the laser head (3) is adjusted accordingly based on the new detected distance.

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