Metal part turning equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turning, in particular to metal part turning equipment which comprises a workbench, one end of the upper surface of the workbench is fixedly connected with a first motor, an output shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with a main shaft, the tail end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with a first chuck, and a slender shaft workpiece is clamped in the first chuck; the end of the slender shaft workpiece is clamped by a second chuck, the second chuck is rotationally connected with a connecting frame through a pivotal bearing, one end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with a square column, scale marks are arranged on one side of the square column, a connecting block is arranged on the square column in a penetrating mode, and a spring is fixedly connected between the connecting block and the connecting frame. A first telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one face of the connecting block and installed on the workbench. The device has the advantages that the middle of a workpiece is prevented from being bent, and the machining effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turning, and in particular to a metal part turning device. Background Art

[0002] Metal turning equipment (usually referring to lathes, particularly those used for metal processing) is one of the most fundamental and widely used machining equipment in the mechanical manufacturing industry. Its core operating principle is based on a rotary machining mechanism: a spindle drives a metal workpiece to rotate at high speed, while a fixed tool simultaneously cuts the rotating workpiece, gradually removing excess material and ultimately forming the workpiece into the desired rotational shape (such as a cylinder, cone, or thread).

[0003] When machining long workpieces, machine tools are often equipped with a tailstock. This design, with the tailstock's center and chuck forming a dual-support structure, provides simultaneous support for both ends of the workpiece. This design effectively balances the radial forces generated during cutting, preventing workpiece bending and deformation caused by unilateral force, significantly improving the machining accuracy and quality of long workpieces.

[0004] However, even with a dual-support structure consisting of a center and chuck, machining challenges can still arise when machining slender shafts. Due to the inherently low rigidity of the slender shaft, the clamping force of the center and chuck can easily induce additional stress in the center of the shaft. Furthermore, the radial cutting force exerted by the tool on the workpiece during cutting can cause significant bending in the center of the workpiece due to elastic deformation, compromising the machining results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that the middle part of the workpiece will be obviously bent due to elastic deformation, which affects the processing effect of the slender shaft workpiece, and to propose a metal turning device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A metal turning device is designed, comprising a workbench, wherein a first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the upper surface of the workbench, an output shaft of the first motor is drivingly connected to a spindle, a first chuck is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle, and a slender shaft workpiece is clamped in the first chuck;

[0008] The end of the slender shaft workpiece is clamped by a second chuck, and the second chuck is rotatably connected to a connecting frame through a slewing bearing. One end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to a square column, and a scale line is provided on one side of the square column. A connecting block is provided through the square column, and a spring is fixedly connected between the connecting block and the connecting frame. One side of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a first telescopic rod, and the first telescopic rod is mounted on a workbench;

[0009] The workbench is provided with a cutting tool via an adjusting mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the workbench is vertically fixedly connected with a side plate, and the main shaft is rotatably connected to the side plate through a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to a piston rod, the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a first piston, the upper end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a first connecting cylinder, the first piston abuts against the inner wall of the first connecting cylinder, a one-way valve is connected to the first connecting cylinder, and an air outlet is provided on the first connecting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the first connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the second connecting cylinder, the inner wall of the second connecting cylinder is abutted with a second piston, air is filled between the second piston and the second connecting cylinder, one side of the second piston is fixedly connected to a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear, the upper surface of the gear is fixedly connected to a rotating column, the upper end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to a fixed plate through a bearing, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the first connecting cylinder, the upper end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to an abutment plate, and the abutment plate rotates to abut against the air outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the end portion of the second connecting tube is fixedly connected to a limiting ring.

[0014] Preferably, one side of the second piston is fixedly connected to a limiting column, and the limiting column passes through a limiting ring.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a threaded rod, a slider is connected to the threaded rod through a thread, a slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the workbench, the slider is slidably arranged in the slide groove, a second motor is installed on the upper surface of the workbench, the second motor is transmission-connected to the threaded rod, the threaded rod is rotationally connected to the side plate through a bearing, a second telescopic rod is vertically fixedly connected to the slider, the end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a tool holder, and a tool is installed on the tool holder.

[0016] Preferably, both the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are electric telescopic rods with a self-locking function.

[0017] Preferably, a through slot is provided in the middle of the workbench, a material guide cover is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the workbench, the material guide cover is located directly below the through slot, and a collection box is provided below the material guide cover.

[0018] Preferably, the spring is made of chrome vanadium steel.

[0019] The present invention proposes a metal turning device, which has the beneficial effect that the restoring force of the spring forms a pulling force on the slender shaft workpiece, so that the slender shaft workpiece is tightened during processing. The pulling force significantly increases the workpiece's ability to resist lateral deformation, which is equivalent to improving the ability to resist deformation, and greatly enhances the bending resistance, thereby avoiding bending in the middle part, ensuring the processing effect of the slender shaft workpiece, and also processing slender shaft workpieces of different lengths and different materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a metal turning device proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional metal turning device proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 A three-dimensional metal turning device proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 A perspective view of a material guide cover portion of a metal turning device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the spring portion of a metal turning device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the first connecting cylinder portion of a metal turning device proposed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the first connecting cylinder of the metal part turning equipment proposed by the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. side panel; 2. workbench; 3. first motor; 4. second motor; 5. first chuck; 6. main shaft; 7. material guide cover; 8. through groove; 9. collecting box; 10. first telescopic rod; 11. threaded rod; 12. slider; 13. slide groove; 14. tool; 15. second telescopic rod; 16. slender shaft workpiece; 17. second chuck; 18. square column; 19. scale line; 20. connecting block; 21. first connecting cylinder; 22. spring; 23. connecting frame; 24. rotary bearing; 25. piston rod; 26. one-way valve; 27. air outlet; 28. abutment plate; 29. ​​fixing plate; 30. rotating column; 31. rack; 32. gear; 33. first piston; 34. second piston; 35. limiting ring; 36. second connecting cylinder; 37. limiting column; 38. tool holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0029] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-5 A metal turning equipment includes a workbench 2, a side plate 1 is vertically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench 2, a spindle 6 is rotatably connected to the side plate 1 through a bearing, a first motor 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the upper surface of the workbench 2, the output shaft of the first motor 3 is transmission-connected to the spindle 6, a first chuck 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle 6, a slender shaft workpiece 16 is clamped in the first chuck 5, the first motor 3 drives the spindle 6 to rotate, driving the slender shaft workpiece 16 to rotate, and the tool 14 cuts the slender shaft workpiece 16.

[0030] The end of the slender shaft workpiece 16 is clamped by the second chuck 17, and the second chuck 17 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 23 through a slewing bearing 24. One end of the connecting frame 23 is fixedly connected to a square column 18, and a scale line 19 is provided on one side of the square column 18. The scale line 19 measures the stretching distance of the spring 22, thereby obtaining the tension provided by the spring 22. A connecting block 20 is provided through the square column 18, and a spring 22 is fixedly connected between the connecting block 20 and the connecting frame 23. The spring 22 is sleeved on the square column 18. The spring 22 is made of chrome vanadium steel. Through the synergistic effect of alloy elements, chrome vanadium steel is superior to ordinary springs in terms of elasticity, strength, fatigue life, corrosion resistance and thermal stability, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the spring 22.

[0031] One side of the connecting block 20 is fixedly connected to a first telescopic rod 10, which is installed on the workbench 2. The end of the slender shaft workpiece 16 is clamped by the second chuck 17. The first telescopic rod 10 contracts, causing the spring 22 to be stretched. The restoring force of the spring 22 forms a pulling force on the slender shaft workpiece 16, so that the slender shaft workpiece 16 is tightened during processing. The pulling force significantly increases the workpiece's ability to resist lateral deformation, which is equivalent to improving the ability to resist deformation, and greatly enhances the bending resistance, thereby avoiding bending in the middle and ensuring the processing effect of the slender shaft workpiece 16. At the same time, due to the use of the first telescopic rod 10, the position of the second chuck 17 can be adjusted to facilitate stretching and cutting of slender shaft workpieces 16 of different lengths, and the stretching amount of the spring 22 can be changed according to the characteristics of the material of the slender shaft workpiece 16 to adjust the size of the pulling force.

[0032] The workbench 2 is provided with a tool 14 through an adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism includes a threaded rod 11. The threaded rod 11 is threadedly connected to a slider 12. A slide groove 13 is provided on the upper surface of the workbench 2. The slider 12 is slidably arranged in the slide groove 13. A second motor 4 is installed on the upper surface of the workbench 2. The second motor 4 is transmission-connected to the threaded rod 11. The threaded rod 11 is rotationally connected to the side plate 1 through a bearing. A second telescopic rod 15 is vertically fixedly connected to the slider 12. The end of the second telescopic rod 15 is fixedly connected to the tool holder 38. The tool 14 is installed on the tool holder 38. The threaded rod 11 is driven to rotate by the second motor 4, driving the slider 12 to slide in the slide groove 13, and the lateral position of the tool 14 is adjusted. The second telescopic rod 15 drives the tool 14 to feed, so that the tool 14 cuts the workpiece.

[0033] The first telescopic rod 10 and the second telescopic rod 15 are both electric telescopic rods with a self-locking function, which automatically fix their positions when they stop.

[0034] During workpiece machining, the second chuck 17 and the first chuck 5 secure the slender workpiece 16. The first telescopic rod 10 then contracts, moving the connecting block 20. This in turn moves the other end of the spring 22. Since the other end of the spring 22 is fixed, the spring 22 is stretched. When the spring 22 reaches a predetermined length, the first telescopic rod 10 stops, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the tool 14. The second telescopic rod 15 extends, pushing the tool 14 forward. Simultaneously, the first motor 3 rotates the slender workpiece 16, and the second chuck 17 rotates synchronously with the workpiece, commencing cutting. When the workpiece is cut to the area clamped by the second chuck 17, machining stops, the first telescopic rod 10 returns to its original position, releasing the second chuck 17 from securing the workpiece. The first telescopic rod 10 extends, re-securing the second chuck 17 and exposing the end of the slender workpiece 16 that was previously obscured by the second chuck 17, allowing machining to continue.

[0035] Example 2: In Example 1, since the workpiece needs to be stretched and cut during processing, the spring 22 is in a stretched state. After the processing is completed, the first telescopic rod 10 needs to be reset, and then the first chuck 5 and the second chuck 17 need to be released from the workpiece. However, during operation, there is a possibility of operating errors. If the chuck is released from the workpiece without resetting the first telescopic rod 10, the spring 22 will drive the connecting frame 23 to move rapidly under the action of the restoring force. At this time, the connecting frame 23 moves very fast, making it difficult for the operator to react in time, and it is easy to touch the operator, thereby causing a safety accident. Figure 1-7As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of Example 1, one end of the connecting frame 23 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 25, and the end of the piston rod 25 is fixedly connected to the first piston 33. The upper end of the connecting block 20 is fixedly connected to the first connecting cylinder 21, and the first piston 33 abuts against the inner wall of the first connecting cylinder 21. A one-way valve 26 is provided on the first connecting cylinder 21 for communication. The one-way valve 26 is used for the entry of air, and an air outlet 27 is provided on the first connecting cylinder 21. In the event of an operational error, the connecting frame 23 moves due to the restoring force of the spring 22, which will push the first piston 33 to move. The air in the first connecting cylinder 21 will hinder the movement of the first piston 33. The aperture of the air outlet 27 is small, and it takes a lot of time to discharge the air, thereby slowing down the connecting frame 23, causing the connecting frame 23 to move slowly, providing sufficient reaction time for the operator, and reducing the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0036] In the event of an operational error, the spring 22 is still in a stretched state. After the chuck is released from fixing the workpiece, the restoring force of the spring 22 will pull the connecting frame 23 to move, and the connecting frame 23 drives the piston rod 25 to move, causing the first piston 33 to squeeze the air in the first connecting cylinder 21. The air is forced to be discharged from the air outlet 27. The discharged air will form resistance, thereby slowing down the movement speed of the connecting frame 23 and ensuring safe operation.

[0037] Example 3: Since the workpiece generates a large amount of heat during the continuous cutting process, the heat of the workpiece is transferred to the connecting frame 23 through the second chuck 17, and then transferred to the air in the first connecting cylinder 21 through the piston rod 25 and the first piston 33. This causes the air temperature in the first connecting cylinder 21 to rise and the air density to decrease, so that the damping force provided by the air in the first connecting cylinder 21 is reduced, causing the connecting frame 23 to accelerate as the temperature rises, which is still prone to cause danger. Figure 1-7 , as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on Example 2.

[0038] The outer wall of the first connecting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the second connecting cylinder 36, and the inner wall of the second connecting cylinder 36 is abutted with the second piston 34. Air is filled between the second piston 34 and the second connecting cylinder 36. One side of the second piston 34 is fixedly connected to the rack 31. The rack 31 is meshed with a gear 32. The upper surface of the gear 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 30. The upper end of the rotating column 30 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 29 through a bearing. The bearing is a thrust ball bearing. The fixed plate 29 is fixedly connected to the first connecting cylinder 21. The upper end of the rotating column 30 is fixedly connected to the abutting plate 28. A sealing gasket is provided on the abutment plate 28. The abutment plate 28 rotates to abut against the air outlet 27. When the temperature of the air in the first connecting tube 21 rises, it transfers heat to the first connecting tube 21. The first connecting tube 21 transfers heat to the air in the second connecting tube 36, causing the air in the second connecting tube 36 to expand, thereby driving the abutment plate 28 to rotate. The abutment plate 28 rotates to block the air outlet 27, reducing the diameter of the exhaust air. The reduced cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel accelerates the airflow, and the flow resistance generated by the airflow through the small hole increases significantly. This compensates for the decrease in the air damping force in the first connecting tube 21 caused by the temperature increase, thereby effectively suppressing the speed of the connecting frame 23. Even during continuous processing or in the event of an operational error, it can prevent the connecting frame 23 from moving too quickly, significantly improving operational safety.

[0039] The end position of the second connecting cylinder 36 is fixedly connected to the limit ring 35, which prevents the second piston 34 from moving out of the second connecting cylinder 36. One side of the second piston 34 is fixedly connected to the limit column 37, which passes through the limit ring 35. When the second piston 34 moves, the limit column 37 moves synchronously with it, limiting the offset direction of the rack 31, preventing the rack 31 from disengaging from the gear 32, and ensuring the engagement of the rack 31 and the gear 32.

[0040] During continuous processing, the temperature of the air in the first connecting cylinder 21 rises, and the heat will be transferred to the air in the second connecting cylinder 36, causing the temperature in the second connecting cylinder 36 to rise, causing the gas to expand, pushing the second piston 34 to move, and the second piston 34 drives the rack 31 to move, the rack 31 drives the gear 32 to rotate, the gear 32 drives the rotating column 30 to rotate, and the rotating column 30 drives the abutment plate 28 to rotate, blocking the air outlet 27. The higher the temperature, the larger the area of ​​the air outlet 27 blocked by the abutment plate 28, thereby narrowing the exhaust channel of the gas in the air outlet 27 and reducing the air output.

[0041] Example 4: Reference Figure 1-4As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of Example 3, a through slot 8 is opened in the middle position of the workbench 2, and a material guide cover 7 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the workbench 2. The material guide cover 7 is located directly below the through slot 8. A collection box 9 is provided below the material guide cover 7. The collection box 9 is placed on the bottom plate at the lower end of the workbench 2. The material guide cover 7 collects the debris so that the debris falls into the collection box 9 for collection.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal turning device, comprising a workbench (2), characterized in that: One end of the upper surface of the workbench (2) is fixedly connected to a first motor (3), an output shaft of the first motor (3) is drivingly connected to a main shaft (6), an end of the main shaft (6) is fixedly connected to a first chuck (5), and a slender shaft workpiece (16) is clamped in the first chuck (5); The end of the slender shaft workpiece (16) is clamped by a second chuck (17), and the second chuck (17) is rotatably connected to a connecting frame (23) through a slewing bearing (24), and one end of the connecting frame (23) is fixedly connected to a square column (18), and a scale line (19) is provided on one side of the square column (18), and a connecting block (20) is provided through the square column (18), and a spring (22) is fixedly connected between the connecting block (20) and the connecting frame (23), and one side of the connecting block (20) is fixedly connected to a first telescopic rod (10), and the first telescopic rod (10) is installed on the workbench (2); The workbench (2) is provided with a tool (14) via an adjustment mechanism.

2. A metal turning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the workbench (2) is vertically fixedly connected to a side plate (1), and the main shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the side plate (1) via a bearing.

3. The metal turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting frame (23) is fixedly connected to a piston rod (25), and the end of the piston rod (25) is fixedly connected to a first piston (33). The upper end of the connecting block (20) is fixedly connected to a first connecting cylinder (21), and the first piston (33) abuts against the inner wall of the first connecting cylinder (21). A one-way valve (26) is provided on the first connecting cylinder (21), and an air outlet (27) is provided on the first connecting cylinder (21).

4. The metal turning equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first connecting tube (21) is fixedly connected to the second connecting tube (36), the inner wall of the second connecting tube (36) is abutted against the second piston (34), and air is filled between the second piston (34) and the second connecting tube (36). One side of the second piston (34) is fixedly connected to a rack (31), the rack (31) is meshed with a gear (32), the upper surface of the gear (32) is fixedly connected to a rotating column (30), the upper end of the rotating column (30) is rotatably connected to a fixed plate (29) through a bearing, the fixed plate (29) is fixedly connected to the first connecting tube (21), the upper end of the rotating column (30) is fixedly connected to an abutting plate (28), and the abutting plate (28) rotates to abut against the air outlet (27).

5. The metal turning equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end position of the second connecting tube (36) is fixedly connected to a limiting ring (35).

6. The metal turning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the second piston (34) is fixedly connected to a limiting column (37), and the limiting column (37) passes through the limiting ring (35).

7. The metal turning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded rod (11), the threaded rod (11) is threadedly connected to a slider (12), a slide groove (13) is provided on the upper surface of the workbench (2), the slider (12) is slidably arranged in the slide groove (13), a second motor (4) is installed on the upper surface of the workbench (2), the second motor (4) is transmission-connected to the threaded rod (11), the threaded rod (11) is rotationally connected to the side plate (1) through a bearing, a second telescopic rod (15) is vertically fixedly connected to the slider (12), the end of the second telescopic rod (15) is fixedly connected to a tool holder (38), and a tool (14) is installed on the tool holder (38).

8. The metal turning equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first telescopic rod (10) and the second telescopic rod (15) are both electric telescopic rods with a self-locking function.

9. The metal turning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through slot (8) is provided in the middle of the workbench (2), a material guide cover (7) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the workbench (2), the material guide cover (7) is located directly below the through slot (8), and a collection box (9) is provided below the material guide cover (7).

10. The metal turning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring (22) is made of chrome vanadium steel.

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