Sludge pre-carbonization rotary drying machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a sludge pre-carbonization rotary drying machine which comprises a rotary drying cylinder, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet and further comprises an outer cylinder concentrically arranged outside the rotary drying cylinder in a sleeving mode, a plurality of holes are formed in the rotary drying cylinder, and a flue gas channel is formed between the outer cylinder and the rotary drying cylinder; the flue gas inlet is connected to an inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder; high-temperature flue gas flows through the flue gas channel and the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder at the same time to conduct two-way heating on the cylinder wall of the rotary drying cylinder, the hardening prevention capacity of the high-viscosity sludge can be remarkably improved, and the uniformity and continuity of the drying process can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer, belonging to the technical field of dryers. Background Art

[0002] A drum dryer, also known as a rotary drum dryer or rotary dryer, is a contact-type, internally heated, conductive drying machine. During the drying process, heat is transferred from the inner wall of the drum to its outer wall, passing through the material being dried attached to the outer surface of the drum and evaporating the moisture from the material. This is a continuous drying machine. Sludge with a certain moisture content is turned by the drum during drying.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN116177842A discloses a sludge rotary drum dryer. Wet sludge is fed into a rotating sleeve from the upper end. Hot air from a hot air blower enters through an air inlet. A rotating drive member drives the rotating sleeve to rotate. As the rotating sleeve rotates, the wet sludge flows toward the lower end under the action of gravity, resulting in countercurrent contact between gas and solid within the rotating sleeve. The hot air heats and dehumidifies the wet sludge, and the sludge is ultimately discharged from a discharge port. Before processing a batch of wet sludge, the inclination of the mounting base is adjusted according to the wet sludge's humidity, thereby adjusting the inclination of the rotating sleeve. This allows different heating and drying times to be set for sludge of different humidity levels, thereby avoiding incomplete drying of the sludge or excessive drying time, which results in energy waste. Furthermore, if sludge clogs, the inclination of the rotating sleeve can be adjusted to its maximum value, allowing the clogged sludge to fall quickly without requiring machine downtime for processing, thereby improving work efficiency. When using a scraper-type rotary drum dryer to dry sludge, due to the high viscosity of wet sludge, it is difficult to pick up the sludge with the scraper and then sprinkle it. Instead, the sludge rotates with the rotation of the rotary drum and easily forms large lumps. The existing rotary drum dryer is not well suited for sludge drying. The sludge clumps seriously, causing blockage, affecting continuous production, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer, which can significantly improve the anti-caking ability of high-viscosity sludge and ensure the uniformity and continuity of the drying process.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer includes a rotary drying cylinder, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, and also includes an outer cylinder concentrically arranged on the outside of the rotary drying cylinder, the rotary drying cylinder is provided with a plurality of holes, and a flue gas channel is formed between the outer cylinder and the rotary drying cylinder; the flue gas inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder; the cylinder wall of the rotary drying cylinder is heated in both directions by high-temperature flue gas flowing through the flue gas channel and the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder at the same time.

[0007] It also includes a mounting base, two fixed sleeves, a driving mechanism and a drying structure. The two fixed sleeves are fixed on the mounting base, and the two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively coaxially connected to the two fixed sleeves. The driving mechanism is connected to the outer cylinder and is used to drive the outer cylinder to rotate; a discharge pipe is provided on the fixed sleeve near the flue gas inlet side, and a feed pipe is provided on the fixed sleeve near the flue gas outlet side.

[0008] Among them, an axially arranged base plate is fixedly installed inside the rotary drying cylinder; a movable scraper is rotatably connected to the middle of each base plate, a ball is provided at the end of the movable scraper, and a circular cavity matching the ball is provided in the middle of the base plate; a torsion spring is installed between the top of the base plate and the back of the movable scraper, which pushes the leading edge of the movable scraper to tilt toward the center of the rotary drying cylinder under normal conditions; a heat conduction cavity is formed inside the movable scraper, and the heat conduction cavity extends through the root of the movable scraper; a groove is provided through the base plate, and the groove is connected to the flue gas channel.

[0009] Among them, multiple groups of heat sinks are welded on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, each group of heat sinks includes three parallel rectangular metal plates, hemispherical metal blocks are welded between adjacent rectangular metal plates, and the bottom of the hemispherical metal blocks contacts the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0010] In which, multiple axially extending slide rails are welded to the outer wall of the rotary drying cylinder, and a counterweight slider is slidably installed on each slide rail; the groove is arranged along the axial direction of the rotary drying cylinder, and a through groove matching the groove is provided on the wall surface of the rotary drying cylinder. The counterweight slider is hinged to the ball at the end of the movable scraper through a connecting rod. The connecting rod includes an outer rod and an inner rod arranged in a nested sliding manner. A spring is connected between the outer rod and the inner rod, and limit blocks for limiting the moving range of the counterweight slider are provided at both ends of the slide rail.

[0011] The surface of the movable scraper is covered with a movable scale layer, which is composed of multiple fish-scale metal sheets; the upper end of each metal sheet is welded to the surface of the movable scraper, and the lower end is freely hanging; the edges of adjacent metal sheets partially overlap and cover.

[0012] The rotary drying cylinder is provided with an annular bracket coaxially fixedly mounted therein, the annular bracket being fixed to the rotary drying cylinder by six supporting foot bolts; six groups of guide units are evenly distributed on the annular bracket along the circumferential direction, each group of guide units comprising a U-shaped fixing seat, a cylindrical rotating shaft and a rectangular guide plate, the bottom of the U-shaped fixing seat being fixed to the annular bracket; the cylindrical rotating shaft is passed between the two side plates of the U-shaped fixing seat, and retaining springs are provided at both ends of the cylindrical rotating shaft; the rectangular guide plate is welded to the middle of the cylindrical rotating shaft, and a V-shaped groove structure is provided on the rectangular guide plate; strip-shaped air holes are evenly arranged on the plate surface of the rectangular guide plate, and the length direction of each strip air hole is parallel to the axis of the rotary drying cylinder; a long rod is welded to one end of the cylindrical rotating shaft, and a connecting hole is provided at the end of the long rod; a linkage rod is vertically welded to the side of the counterweight slider, and the end of the linkage rod is connected to the long rod by a flexible metal hose. When the counterweight slider moves along the slide rail, the cylindrical rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the linkage rod and the metal hose, so that the rectangular guide plate deflects synchronously.

[0013] Wherein, a gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer cylinder, and the driving mechanism includes a driving gear and a driving motor. The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the driving motor is connected to the driving gear and is used to drive the driving gear to rotate.

[0014] Among them, the sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer also includes a lifting mechanism, which includes a base, one end of the mounting seat is hinged to the base, a rotating motor is fixed on the base, the rotating motor is connected to a rotating disk, the edge of the rotating disk is hinged with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the mounting seat.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention uses the coordinated design of the annular flue gas channel formed by the outer cylinder and the rotary drying cylinder and the holes in the cylinder wall to achieve simultaneous penetration of high-temperature flue gas through the inner and outer surfaces of the cylinder wall, so that the cylinder wall is heated in both directions synchronously, completely solving the problem of uneven heat conduction on the cylinder wall caused by single-sided heating in traditional equipment.

[0017] The torsion spring return mechanism of the movable scraper and the dynamic covering structure of the scale layer enable the scraper to adaptively adjust its angle under material resistance. At the same time, the valve-type design of the scale layer effectively prevents the fibrous material from getting stuck, significantly improving the ability to prevent high-viscosity sludge from compacting.

[0018] The innovative design of the counterweight slider linked to the guide plate deflection via a flexible connection mechanism achieves real-time matching of airflow distribution and material resistance changes, allowing high-temperature flue gas to be precisely focused on areas prone to agglomeration, fundamentally ensuring the uniformity and continuity of the drying process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a half-section diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the movable scraper and base plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a side view of the rotary drying cylinder and outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rectangular guide plate of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0024] 1. Mounting base; 2. Fixed sleeve; 3. Rotary drying cylinder; 4. Outer cylinder; 5. Flue gas inlet; 6. Annular bracket; 12. Base; 21. Discharge pipe; 22. Feed pipe; 23. Flue gas outlet; 31. Base plate; 32. Movable scraper; 33. Torsion spring; 34. Slide rail; 35. Counterweight slider; 36. Scale layer; 37. Hole; 41. Rectangular metal plate; 42. Hemispherical metal block; 43. Gear ring; 61. Support foot; 62. U-shaped fixing base; 63. Cylindrical shaft; 64. Rectangular guide plate; 65. Long rod; 66. Linkage rod; 67. Metal hose; 111. Driving motor; 121. Rotating motor; 122. Rotating disk; 123. Connecting rod; 301. Through slot; 302. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the invention provides a technical solution:

[0027] A sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer, comprising a rotary drying cylinder 3, a flue gas inlet 5 and a flue gas outlet 23, and also comprising an outer cylinder 4 concentrically sleeved on the outside of the rotary drying cylinder 3, with a plurality of holes 37 opened on the rotary drying cylinder 3, forming a flue gas channel between the outer cylinder 4 and the rotary drying cylinder 3; the flue gas inlet 5 is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3, and the flue gas outlet 23 is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3; the high-temperature flue gas flows through the flue gas channel and the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3 at the same time to heat the cylinder wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3 in both directions; the machine also comprises a mounting base 1, two fixed sleeves 2, a driving mechanism and a drying structure Specifically, a ring gear 43 is fixedly sleeved on the outer cylinder 4, and the driving mechanism includes a driving gear and a driving motor 111. The driving gear is meshed with the ring gear 43, and the driving motor 111 is connected to the driving gear and is used to drive the driving gear to rotate; the two fixed sleeves 2 are fixed to the mounting base 1, and the two ends of the outer cylinder 4 are respectively connected to the two fixed sleeves 2 for coaxial rotation. The driving mechanism is connected to the outer cylinder 4 and is used to drive the outer cylinder 4 to rotate; a discharge pipe 21 is opened on the fixed sleeve 2 near the flue gas inlet 5, and a feed pipe 22 is opened on the fixed sleeve 2 near the flue gas outlet 23;

[0028] The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer also includes a lifting mechanism, which includes a base 12. One end of the mounting base 1 is hinged to the base 12. A rotating motor 121 is fixed to the base 12. The rotating motor 121 is connected to a rotating disk 122. A connecting rod 123 is hinged to the edge of the rotating disk 122. The other end of the connecting rod 123 is hinged to the other end of the mounting base 1.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that the fixed sleeve 2 near the flue gas outlet 23 is located on the side of the mounting base 1 near the rotating motor 121, while the fixed sleeve 2 near the flue gas inlet 5 is located on the side where the mounting base 1 is hinged to the base 12, that is, the side where the mounting base 1 is hinged to the base 12 is at a lower position relative to the other side. The flue gas inlet 5 is arranged from the lower position, so that the flue gas can flow from the flue gas inlet 5 toward the upper side, that is, toward the flue gas outlet 23. At the same time, the sludge is poured into the feeding pipe 22 at a high position, which can make the sludge roll down toward the discharge pipe 21 under the action of its own weight, thereby reducing the possibility of sludge residue; at the same time, the falling direction of the sludge is opposite to the drifting direction of the flue gas, so that the sludge can be more fully affected by the high-temperature flue gas and fully dried. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas will also penetrate into the flue gas channel from the hole 37, so that the rotary drying cylinder 3 in the inner cavity can continuously maintain a higher temperature heating environment;

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the flue gas inlet 5 is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3, and the surface of the flue gas inlet 5 is further provided with a branch through hole, which is used to input high-temperature gas toward the flue gas channel. The purpose of such a setting is to divide the high-temperature flue gas into two inputs. One is that the high-temperature flue gas directly enters the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3 from the flue gas inlet 5 and directly contacts and heats the material; the other is that the flue gas simultaneously enters the flue gas channel between the outer cylinder 4 and the rotary drying cylinder 3 and penetrates through the holes 37 on the wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3. The hot flue gas flows into the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3 and finally merges and is discharged from the flue gas outlet 23. When the hot flue gas flows through the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder 3 and the flue gas channel, it conducts heat synchronously from the inner and outer walls of the rotary drying cylinder 3 respectively. Through the holes 37 in the wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3, the flue gas in the flue gas channel will laterally penetrate the wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3 and enter the interior. This process further enhances the overall heat conduction efficiency of the wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3. Finally, the two-way heat flow is superimposed in the wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3, achieving efficient drying and carbonization of the material.

[0031] At the same time, the drive mechanism drives the outer cylinder 4 and the nested rotary drying cylinder 3 to rotate as a whole, continuously stirring the material within. The presence of the flue gas channel ensures that the outer wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3 is continuously exposed to high-temperature flue gas, while the holes 37 in the cylinder wall actively allow external heat to penetrate the cylinder wall and enter the inner cavity, where it interacts with the flue gas directly injected into the inner cavity. This structure completely changes the limitation of traditional drying cylinders that only heat from one side, making the cylinder wall an efficient bidirectional heat transfer medium, significantly improving thermal energy utilization and reducing the risk of coking. Axially arranged base plates 31 are fixedly installed inside the rotary drying cylinder 3. A movable scraper 32 is rotatably connected to the middle of each base plate 31. The end of the movable scraper 32 is provided with a ball, and the middle of the base plate 31 is provided with a circular cavity that matches the ball. A torsion spring 33 is installed between the top of the base plate 31 and the back of the movable scraper 32. Under normal conditions, it pushes the leading edge of the movable scraper 32 to tilt toward the center of the rotary drying cylinder 3. A heat conduction cavity is formed inside the movable scraper 32, extending through the base of the movable scraper 32. A groove is provided through the base plate 31, which is connected to the flue gas channel.

[0032] Inside the rotary drying cylinder 3, axially arranged base plates 31 serve as the core support structure fixed to the cylinder wall. Each base plate 31 forms a rotational connection with the ball at the end of the movable scraper 32 through a circular cavity in the middle, forming a dynamically adjustable scraping mechanism. Under normal conditions, the torsion spring 33 pushes the leading edge of the movable scraper 32 toward the center of the cylinder, allowing the movable scraper 32 to continuously adhere to the material layer as the rotary drying cylinder 3 rotates. When the rotary drying cylinder 3 rotates, the material is turned over, and the movable scraper 32 overcomes the action of the torsion spring 33 under the material resistance and swings slightly, preventing hard materials from getting stuck. At the same time, the reset force of the torsion spring 33 ensures that the movable scraper 32 continuously scrapes the cylinder wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3, breaking up material lumps.

[0033] Preferably, a heat conduction cavity is provided inside the movable scraper 32, and the cavity extends to the root of the movable scraper 32; at the same time, a groove is provided on the base plate 31, which is connected to the external flue gas channel; the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heat conduction cavity of the movable scraper 32 through the groove, so that the movable scraper 32 directly heats the wet sludge in contact with it.

[0034] Multiple groups of heat sinks are welded to the inner wall of the outer tube 4. Each group of heat sinks includes three parallel rectangular metal plates 41. Hemispherical metal blocks 42 are welded between adjacent rectangular metal plates 41. The bottom of the hemispherical metal blocks 42 contacts the inner wall of the outer tube 4. The hemispherical metal blocks 42 destroy the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas between the rectangular metal plates 41. At the same time, the rectangular metal plates 41 significantly increase the heat exchange area, so that the heat of the flue gas in the flue gas channel is quickly transferred to the entire wall surface of the outer tube 4, avoiding local overheating. Specifically, when the flue gas passes through, it will be ejected from the flue gas channel and the hole 37 at the same time. Then, when the flue gas encounters the hemispherical metal blocks 42, it will be broken up and flow in different directions, which can diffuse the flue gas, prolong the residence time of the flue gas in the tube, and increase the temperature of the tube wall.

[0035] The outer wall of the rotary drying cylinder 3 is welded with multiple axially extending slide rails 34, and a counterweight slider 35 is slidably installed on each slide rail 34; the groove is arranged axially along the rotary drying cylinder 3, and a through groove 301 matching the groove is provided on the wall surface of the rotary drying cylinder 3, and the counterweight slider 35 is hinged to the ball at the end of the movable scraper 32 through the connecting rod 302. The connecting rod 302 includes an outer rod and an inner rod that are nested and slidably arranged, and a spring is connected between the outer rod and the inner rod. Limit blocks are provided at both ends of the slide rail 34 for limiting the moving range of the counterweight slider 35; when the sludge adhesion causes the movable scraper 32 to be blocked and deflected, the resistance is transmitted to the connecting rod 302 through the ball, and the spring connected between the outer rod and the inner rod is used to compress and buffer the impact force, and can also be used to extend and cooperate with the movement of the counterweight slider 35 when the continuous resistance pulls the counterweight slider 35 to move along the slide rail 34; at the same time, it can cooperate with the action of the spring to reset when the movable scraper 32 is not subjected to force;

[0036] The surface of the movable scraper 32 is covered with a movable scale layer 36, which is composed of multiple fish-scale metal sheets. The upper end of each metal sheet is welded to the surface of the movable scraper 32, and the lower end is freely hanging. The edges of adjacent metal sheets partially overlap and cover each other. The edges of adjacent fish-scale metal sheets overlap by 30%. When the movable scraper 32 is pushed forward, the scale layer 36 adheres to the surface and scrapes away the sludge. When the movable scraper 32 is retracted, the overhanging ends of the fish-scale metal sheets are lifted by the sludge, allowing large particles to slide off. The overlapping areas of the fish-scale metal sheets form micro-gaps, and the stuck sludge blocks are sheared and broken apart when the fish-scale metal sheets open and close, completing the self-cleaning process.

[0037] An annular bracket 6 is coaxially fixedly installed inside the rotary drying cylinder 3, and the annular bracket 6 is bolted to the rotary drying cylinder 3 through six supporting feet 61; six groups of guide units are evenly distributed on the annular bracket 6 along the circumferential direction, and each group of guide units includes a U-shaped fixing seat 62, a cylindrical rotating shaft 63 and a rectangular guide plate 64, and the bottom of the U-shaped fixing seat 62 is fixed to the annular bracket 6; the cylindrical rotating shaft 63 is passed between the two side plates of the U-shaped fixing seat 62, and the two ends of the cylindrical rotating shaft 63 are provided with retaining springs; the rectangular guide plate 64 is welded to the middle of the cylindrical rotating shaft 63, and a V-shaped groove structure is provided on the rectangular guide plate 64; the plate surface of the rectangular guide plate 64 is evenly provided with strip-shaped air holes, and the air hole length direction of each strip-shaped air hole is parallel to the axis of the rotary drying cylinder 3; a long rod 65 is welded to one end of the cylindrical rotating shaft 63, and the end of the long rod 65 is opened A connecting hole is provided, and a linkage rod 66 is vertically welded to the side of the counterweight slider 35. The end of the linkage rod 66 is connected to the long rod 65 through a flexible metal hose 67. When the counterweight slider 35 moves along the slide rail 34, the cylindrical rotating shaft 63 is driven to rotate through the linkage rod 66 and the metal hose 67, so that the rectangular guide plate 64 is deflected synchronously. When the counterweight slider 35 moves along the slide rail 34, the linkage rod 66 on its side drives the long rod 65 through the flexible metal hose 67. The flexible metal hose 67 converts the linear displacement of the counterweight slider 35 into a rotational torque of the cylindrical rotating shaft 63, so that the rectangular guide plate 64 is deflected in real time, which can more effectively blow the sludge directly. The V-shaped groove divides the main flue gas jet to form multiple turbulent flows to enhance heat mixing. The strip-shaped air holes allow part of the air flow to penetrate radially to prevent sludge from accumulating on the back of the rectangular guide plate 64.

[0038] It is worth mentioning that, in addition to the bendable metal hose 67 of this embodiment, the problem of "rigid transmission mechanism deformation and jamming" is solved. Therefore, the flexible transmission unit is not limited to metal hoses, and other solutions such as universal joint hinges, carbon fiber cables or magnetic couplers can also be used, as long as the deformation requirements of this application are met.

[0039] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer, comprising a rotary drying drum (3), a flue gas inlet (5) and a flue gas outlet (23), characterized in that: The invention also includes an outer cylinder (4) concentrically sleeved on the outside of the rotary drying cylinder (3), a plurality of holes (37) are opened on the rotary drying cylinder (3), and a smoke channel is formed between the outer cylinder (4) and the rotary drying cylinder (3); the smoke inlet (5) is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder (3), and the smoke outlet (23) is connected to the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder (3); the high-temperature smoke flows through the smoke channel and the inner cavity of the rotary drying cylinder (3) at the same time, thereby bidirectionally heating the cylinder wall of the rotary drying cylinder (3).

2. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a mounting seat (1), two fixed sleeves (2), a driving mechanism and a drying structure. The two fixed sleeves (2) are fixed on the mounting seat (1), and the two ends of the outer cylinder (4) are respectively connected to the two fixed sleeves (2) for coaxial rotation. The driving mechanism is connected to the outer cylinder (4) and is used to drive the outer cylinder (4) to rotate. A discharge pipe (21) is provided on the fixed sleeve (2) near the side of the flue gas inlet (5), and a feed pipe (22) is provided on the fixed sleeve (2) near the side of the flue gas outlet (23).

3. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: An axially arranged base plate (31) is fixedly installed inside the rotary drying cylinder (3); a movable scraper (32) is rotatably connected to the middle of each base plate (31), a ball is provided at the end of the movable scraper (32), and a circular cavity matching the ball is provided in the middle of the base plate (31); a torsion spring (33) is installed between the top of the base plate (31) and the back of the movable scraper (32), which pushes the front edge of the movable scraper (32) to tilt toward the center of the rotary drying cylinder (3) under normal conditions; a heat conduction cavity is formed inside the movable scraper (32), and the heat conduction cavity extends through the root of the movable scraper (32); a groove is provided through the base plate (31), and the groove is connected to the flue gas channel.

4. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple groups of heat sinks are welded to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (4), each group of heat sinks comprises three rectangular metal plates (41) arranged in parallel, hemispherical metal blocks (42) are welded between adjacent rectangular metal plates (41), and the bottoms of the hemispherical metal blocks (42) are in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (4).

5. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotary drying cylinder (3) is welded with a plurality of axially extending slide rails (34), and a counterweight slider (35) is slidably mounted on each slide rail (34); the groove is arranged axially along the rotary drying cylinder (3), and a through groove (301) matching the groove is provided on the wall surface of the rotary drying cylinder (3); the counterweight slider (35) is hinged to the ball at the end of the movable scraper (32) through a connecting rod (302); the connecting rod (302) includes an outer rod and an inner rod that are nested and slidably arranged, and a spring is connected between the outer rod and the inner rod, and limit blocks for limiting the moving range of the counterweight slider (35) are provided at both ends of the slide rail (34).

6. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the movable scraper (32) is covered with a movable scale layer (36), which is composed of a plurality of fish-scale metal sheets; the upper end of each metal sheet is welded to the surface of the movable scraper (32), and the lower end is freely suspended; the edges of adjacent metal sheets partially overlap and cover.

7. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular bracket (6) is coaxially fixedly installed inside the rotary drying cylinder (3), and the annular bracket (6) is fixed to the rotary drying cylinder (3) by six supporting feet (61) bolts; six groups of guide units are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the annular bracket (6), and each group of guide units includes a U-shaped fixing seat (62), a cylindrical rotating shaft (63) and a rectangular guide plate (64), and the bottom of the U-shaped fixing seat (62) is fixed to the annular bracket (6); the cylindrical rotating shaft (63) is inserted between the two side plates of the U-shaped fixing seat (62), and the two ends of the cylindrical rotating shaft (63) are provided with retaining springs; the rectangular guide plate (64) is welded to the middle of the cylindrical rotating shaft (63), and the rectangular guide plate (64) is welded to the middle of the cylindrical rotating shaft (63). A V-shaped groove structure is provided on the flow plate (64); strip-shaped air holes are evenly provided on the plate surface of the rectangular guide plate (64), and the air hole length direction of each strip-shaped air hole is parallel to the axis of the rotary drying cylinder (3); a long rod (65) is welded to one end of the cylindrical rotating shaft (63), and a connecting hole is provided at the end of the long rod (65); a linkage rod (66) is vertically welded to the side of the counterweight slider (35), and the end of the linkage rod (66) is connected to the long rod (65) through a flexible metal hose (67); when the counterweight slider (35) moves along the slide rail (34), the cylindrical rotating shaft (63) is driven to rotate through the linkage rod (66) and the metal hose (67), so that the rectangular guide plate (64) is synchronously deflected at an angle.

8. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gear ring (43) is fixedly sleeved on the outer cylinder (4), and the driving mechanism comprises a driving gear and a driving motor (111). The driving gear is meshed with the gear ring (43), and the driving motor (111) is connected to the driving gear and is used to drive the driving gear to rotate.

9. The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sludge pre-carbonization rotary dryer also includes a lifting mechanism, which includes a base (12), one end of the mounting seat (1) is hinged to the base (12), a rotating motor (121) is fixed to the base (12), the rotating motor (121) is connected to a rotating disk (122), the edge of the rotating disk (122) is hinged to a connecting rod (123), and the other end of the connecting rod (123) is hinged to the other end of the mounting seat (1).

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