Sea-island nanofiber and preparation method thereof
By blending modified polyacrylonitrile and nanomaterials to prepare sea-island nanofibers, the problems of insufficient flame retardancy and mechanical properties of traditional sea-island nanofibers are solved, and a flame retardant effect with high strength and high toughness is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510907748.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-19
AI Technical Summary
Traditional island-type nanofibers have deficiencies in flame retardancy and mechanical properties, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-performance materials. In particular, they are easy to burn in high-temperature and flame environments and have low strength and toughness.
Modified polyacrylonitrile, nano zinc oxide, nano alumina, nano silicon dioxide and modified nano shell powder are melt blended to prepare sea-island nanofibers, and the fiber properties are enhanced by forming a carbonized layer and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
It improves the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the fiber, forms a carbonized layer to isolate oxygen and heat, strengthens the bonding force of the molecular chains, improves the strength and toughness of the fiber, and effectively inhibits combustion.
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Figure BDA0005479083670000101
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical fibers, and in particular to a sea-island nanofiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology and the growing demand for high-performance materials, nanofibers, due to their unique physical and chemical properties, have shown broad application prospects in many fields. Among them, island-in-the-sea nanofibers, as a new type of composite material, are bicomponent fibers with a sea-island structure (the continuous phase is the sea, and the dispersed phase is the island) obtained by blending or conjugating two thermodynamically incompatible polymers in a certain proportion. Dissolving the island component in an alkaline solution or organic solvent can produce hollow and microporous fibers of the sea component, while dissolving the sea component can produce ultrafine fibers of the island component. Island-in-the-sea fibers are divided into two types: island-in-the-sea filaments and island-in-the-sea staple fibers. They are both functional and comfortable, and are the gathering point of high-tech in the contemporary textile industry. Due to their unique structure and performance, they have attracted widespread attention. However, in the preparation and application of island-in-the-sea nanofibers, there are still some urgent problems to be solved, especially in terms of flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
[0003] Although the preparation method of traditional island-type nanofibers can meet the basic requirements of materials to a certain extent, its flame retardant effect is often difficult to achieve the ideal state in actual application. When faced with extreme environments such as high temperature and flame, the fibers are prone to burn, and the burning speed is relatively fast, making it difficult to effectively prevent the spread of the fire. This largely limits its application in fields with high requirements for flame retardant properties, such as aerospace, automotive interiors, and architectural decoration. In addition, the mechanical properties of traditional island-type nanofibers also have obvious deficiencies. Their strength and toughness are usually low. When subjected to external forces, they are prone to breakage, deformation and other problems, and cannot withstand large loads. This makes it difficult for them to play their due role in some application scenarios that require high strength and high toughness, such as high-performance protective equipment and high-end textiles.
[0004] Therefore, the development of a sea-island nanofiber with good flame retardant properties and excellent mechanical properties and its preparation method are of great practical significance for meeting the demand for high-performance materials in modern industry and daily life. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sea-island nanofiber and a preparation method thereof to solve the following technical problems:
[0006] How to prepare sea-island nanofibers with good flame retardancy and excellent mechanical properties.
[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing sea-island nanofibers, comprising the following steps:
[0009] S1, mixing the island component, plasticizer, functional nanoparticles and modified nano shell powder and melt blending them to prepare the island phase functional masterbatch;
[0010] S2, mixing the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with the sea component and performing melt blending spinning to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers;
[0011] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers prepared in step S2 to obtain finished fibers;
[0012] Among them, the island component is modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0013] Preferably, the functional nanoparticles are one of nano zinc oxide, nano aluminum oxide and nano silicon dioxide.
[0014] Preferably, the plasticizer is glyceryl triacetate.
[0015] Preferably, the modified nano shell powder is obtained by the following method:
[0016] Adding an aluminate coupling agent to a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, adding nano shell powder to a high-speed mixer, spraying the mixed solution on the nano shell powder, stirring at 60-80° C. for 80-100 minutes, and drying at 100-110° C. for 4-5 hours to obtain modified nano shell powder;
[0017] Among them, the mass ratio of aluminate coupling agent, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and nano shell powder is 1:2-4:0.2-0.4:50.
[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of the island component, the plasticizer, the functional nanoparticles and the modified nanoshell powder is 100:5-10:6-12:2-6.
[0019] Preferably, the melt blending is carried out in an ultrasonic field; the temperature of the melt blending in S1 is 220-230°C, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 150-170W, and the ultrasonic time is 4-8 minutes; the temperature of the melt blending in S2 is 180-220°C.
[0020] Preferably, the sea component is one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol.
[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the island phase functional masterbatch to the sea component is 3:2-2.5.
[0022] Preferably, the modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0023] (1) Add polyacrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and deionized water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 60-80° C. and stir for 2-4 hours. After the reaction is completed, wash and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0024] (2) Add octadecylphosphonic acid and deionized water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100-110° C. until dissolved; then add amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 100-110° C. for 0.5-1 h to obtain a solid product, which is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0025] Preferably, the mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and deionized water solution is 1:1-3:70.
[0026] Preferably, the mass ratio of octadecylphosphonic acid, amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and deionized water is 5-15:100:700.
[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses a sea-island nanofiber obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method.
[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:
[0029] 1. The present invention uses octadecylphosphonic acid to modify polyacrylonitrile, significantly improving fiber toughness and enhancing resistance to breakage and deformation. The long carbon chain structure of octadecylphosphonic acid provides a certain degree of flexibility. In addition, the hydrogen in octadecylphosphonic acid can form certain hydrogen bonds with the nitrogen in the polyacrylonitrile molecular chain, strengthening the binding force between the molecular chains. This enhanced intermolecular bonding allows the fiber to better disperse stress when subjected to external forces, reducing stress concentration points, thereby improving the fiber's strength and toughness.
[0030] 2. By modifying polyacrylonitrile with octadecylphosphonic acid, the present invention significantly improves the flame retardancy of nanofibers. The phosphorus in octadecylphosphonic acid forms phosphoric acid or metaphosphoric acid during combustion. These substances promote the formation of a carbonized layer on the fiber surface, isolating oxygen and heat, thereby inhibiting combustion. The P / N ratio has a synergistic flame retardant effect. P can act in the gas phase and condensed phase, while N can decompose into non-combustible gases under heat, acting as a diluent. In addition, the free radicals such as PO· and HPO· released by octadecylphosphonic acid during combustion capture H or OH and dehydrate into char. The aluminate coupling agent in the system forms -Si-OP-Al- bonds during combustion, forming an isolation layer on the fiber surface that isolates air, prevents the escape of combustion and decomposition substances, and provides a heat barrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods and are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources, among which the aluminate coupling agent was purchased from Tianchang Green Chemical Additive Factory, product number LS-821; polyacrylonitrile was purchased from Pande (Shanghai) International Trade Co., Ltd., CAS: 25014-41-9; nano shell powder was purchased from Lingshou County Maozhuo Building Materials Co., Ltd., 1250 mesh; octadecylphosphonic acid was purchased from Wuhan Shuer Biotechnology Co., Ltd., content 98%.
[0033] Preparation Example 1
[0034] Modified nano shell powder is obtained by the following method:
[0035] Add 0.2g of aluminate coupling agent to a mixed solution of 0.4g of anhydrous ethanol and 0.04g of deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, put 10g of nano-shell powder into a high-speed blender, spray the mixed solution on the nano-shell powder, stir at 60°C for 100min, and dry at 100°C for 5h to obtain modified nano-shell powder.
[0036] Preparation Example 2
[0037] Modified nano shell powder is obtained by the following method:
[0038] 0.2g of aluminate coupling agent was added to a mixture of 0.8g of anhydrous ethanol and 0.08g of deionized water to obtain a mixed solution. 10g of nano-shell powder was added to a high-speed blender. The mixed solution was sprayed on the nano-shell powder. The mixture was stirred at 70°C for 100 minutes and dried at 105°C for 4.5 hours to obtain the modified nano-shell powder.
[0039] Preparation Example 3
[0040] Modified nano shell powder is obtained by the following method:
[0041] Add 0.2g aluminate coupling agent to a mixed solution of 0.4g anhydrous ethanol and 0.04g deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, put 10g nano-shell powder into a high-speed blender, spray the mixed solution on the nano-shell powder, stir at 80°C for 100min, and dry at 110°C for 4h to obtain modified nano-shell powder.
[0042] Preparation Example 4
[0043] Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0044] (1) Add 50 g of polyacrylonitrile, 50 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 60 ° C and stir for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, wash with deionized water 3 times and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0045] (2) Add 7.5 g of octadecylphosphonic acid and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100° C. until dissolved; then add 50 g of amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 100° C. for 2 h to obtain a solid product, filter it, wash the solid product three times with 100° C. deionized water, and dry the solid product at 80° C. for 24 h to obtain a modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0046] Preparation Example 5
[0047] Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0048] (1) Add 50 g of polyacrylonitrile, 100 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 70 ° C and stir for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, wash with deionized water 3 times and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0049] (2) Add 4 g of octadecylphosphonic acid and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel and stir at 105° C. until dissolved; then add 50 g of amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 105° C. for 1 h to obtain a solid product, filter it, wash the solid product three times with deionized water at 100° C., and dry the solid product at 90° C. for 16 h to obtain a modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0050] Preparation Example 6
[0051] Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0052] (1) Add 50 g of polyacrylonitrile, 150 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 80 ° C and stir for 2 h. After the reaction is completed, wash with deionized water three times and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0053] (2) Add 2.5 g of octadecylphosphonic acid and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100° C. until dissolved; then add 50 g of amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 110° C. for 0.5 h to obtain a solid product, filter it, wash the solid product three times with deionized water at 100° C., and dry the solid product at 100° C. for 12 h to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0054] Preparation Example 7
[0055] Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0056] (1) Add 50 g of polyacrylonitrile, 50 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 60 ° C and stir for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, wash with deionized water 3 times and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0057] (2) Add 1 g of octadecylphosphonic acid and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100° C. until dissolved; then add 50 g of amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 100° C. for 2 h to obtain a solid product, filter it, wash the solid product three times with 100° C. deionized water, and dry the solid product at 80° C. for 24 h to obtain a modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0058] Preparation Example 8
[0059] Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method:
[0060] (1) Add 50 g of polyacrylonitrile, 50 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 60 ° C and stir for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, wash with deionized water 3 times and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile;
[0061] (2) Add 10 g of octadecylphosphonic acid and 3.5 L of water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100° C. until dissolved; then add 50 g of amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 100° C. for 2 h to obtain a solid product, filter it, wash the solid product three times with 100° C. deionized water, and dry the solid product at 80° C. for 24 h to obtain a modified polyacrylonitrile.
[0062] Example 1
[0063] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0064] S1. 50 g of modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in Preparation Example 4, 2.5 g of triacetin, 3 g of nano zinc oxide, and 1 g of modified nano shell powder prepared in Preparation Example 1 were mixed and melt-blended to obtain an island phase functional masterbatch, wherein the melt-blending temperature was 220° C., the ultrasonic power was 150 W, and the ultrasonic time was 4 min;
[0065] S2, mixing 45.6 g of the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with 34 g of polypropylene and melt-blending and spinning them on a twin-screw extruder to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers, wherein the melt-blending temperature is 220° C.;
[0066] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers in step S2 to obtain finished fibers.
[0067] Example 2
[0068] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0069] S1. 50 g of modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in Preparation Example 4, 3 g of triacetin, 4.5 g of nano-alumina and 2 g of modified nano-shell powder prepared in Preparation Example 2 were mixed and melt-blended to obtain an island phase functional masterbatch, wherein the melt-blending temperature was 225° C., the ultrasonic power was 155 W, and the ultrasonic time was 5 min;
[0070] S2, mixing 45.6 g of the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with 38 g of polypropylene and melt-blending and spinning them on a twin-screw extruder to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers, wherein the melt-blending temperature is 220° C.;
[0071] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers in step S2 to obtain finished fibers.
[0072] Example 3
[0073] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0074] S1. 50 g of modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in Preparation Example 4, 3.5 g of triacetin, 6 g of nano-silicon oxide, and 3 g of modified nano-shell powder prepared in Preparation Example 3 were mixed and melt-blended to obtain an island phase functional masterbatch, wherein the melt-blending temperature was 230 ° C, the ultrasonic power was 160 W, and the ultrasonic time was 6 min;
[0075] S2, mixing 45.6 g of the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with 38 g of polypropylene and melt-blending and spinning them on a twin-screw extruder to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers, wherein the melt-blending temperature is 220° C.;
[0076] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers in step S2 to obtain finished fibers.
[0077] Example 4
[0078] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0079] S1. 50 g of modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in Preparation Example 5, 4.5 g of triacetin, 3 g of nano zinc oxide, and 1 g of modified nano shell powder prepared in Preparation Example 1 were mixed and melt-blended to obtain an island phase functional masterbatch, wherein the melt-blending temperature was 220° C., the ultrasonic power was 160 W, and the ultrasonic time was 8 min;
[0080] S2, mixing 45.6 g of the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with 38 g of polypropylene and melt-blending and spinning them on a twin-screw extruder to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers, wherein the melt-blending temperature is 220° C.;
[0081] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers in step S2 to obtain finished fibers.
[0082] Example 5
[0083] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0084] S1. 50 g of modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in Preparation Example 6, 5 g of triacetin, 3 g of nano zinc oxide, and 1 g of modified nano shell powder prepared in Preparation Example 1 were mixed and melt-blended to obtain an island phase functional masterbatch, wherein the melt-blending temperature was 220° C., the ultrasonic power was 170 W, and the ultrasonic time was 8 min;
[0085] S2, mixing 45.6 g of the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with 38 g of polypropylene and melt-blending and spinning them on a twin-screw extruder to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers, wherein the melt-blending temperature is 220° C.;
[0086] S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers in step S2 to obtain finished fibers.
[0087] Comparative Example 1
[0088] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0089] Based on Example 1, the only difference is that the modified polyacrylonitrile in Example 1 is replaced by the product of Preparation Example 7 of equal mass, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as Example 1.
[0090] Comparative Example 2
[0091] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0092] Based on Example 1, the only difference is that the modified polyacrylonitrile in Example 1 is replaced by the product prepared in Preparation Example 8 of equal mass, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as Example 1.
[0093] Comparative Example 3
[0094] The preparation method of the island-in-sea nanofiber comprises the following steps:
[0095] Based on Example 1, the only difference is that the modified polyacrylonitrile in Example 1 is replaced by polyacrylonitrile of equal mass, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process are the same as Example 1.
[0096] The performance tests of the island-in-sea nanofibers prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were conducted, including the following test methods:
[0097] Limiting oxygen index: Tested in accordance with GB / T 5454-2014 "Textiles - Burning Behavior - Oxygen Index Method";
[0098] Linear density: Tested in accordance with GB / T14335-2008 "Test method for linear density of chemical staple fibers";
[0099] Elongation at break: Tested in accordance with GB / T 14337-2008 “Test method for tensile properties of chemical staple fibers”.
[0100] The test results are shown in Table 1:
[0101] Table 1
[0102]
[0103] As can be seen from the test data of Examples 1-5, the island-in-the-sea nanofibers prepared by the method of the present invention have a limiting oxygen index of 26-32% and an average breaking strength of 5.32-5.64 cN / dtex. This is because the present invention uses octadecylphosphonic acid to modify polyacrylonitrile to prepare the island-in-the-sea nanofibers. The hydrogen in the octadecylphosphonic acid can form certain hydrogen bonds with the nitrogen in the polyacrylonitrile molecular chain, thereby enhancing the bonding force between the molecular chains. This enhanced intermolecular bonding allows the fiber to better disperse stress when subjected to external forces, reducing stress concentration points, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the fiber. The phosphorus element in the octadecylphosphonic acid forms phosphoric acid or metaphosphoric acid during combustion. These substances can promote the formation of a carbonized layer on the fiber surface, isolating oxygen and heat, thereby inhibiting combustion. The P / N combination has a synergistic flame retardant effect. P can act as a gas phase and a condensed phase, and N can be decomposed by heat to form non-combustible gas, which acts as a diluent. In addition, the aluminate coupling agent in the system forms -Si-OP-Al- bonds during combustion, forming an isolation layer on the fiber surface, which not only isolates air and prevents the escape of combustion and decomposition substances, but also provides a heat barrier effect.
[0104] From the comparison of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, it can be seen that the mass ratio of octadecylphosphonic acid to amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile is reduced, and the limiting oxygen index and average breaking strength are significantly reduced. This is because the amount of octadecylphosphonic acid added is small, and the phosphorus element in octadecylphosphonic acid cannot form to promote the formation of a carbonized layer on the fiber surface, isolating oxygen and heat, resulting in a decrease in flame retardancy. A small amount of hydrogen bonds are formed between the hydrogen in octadecylphosphonic acid and the nitrogen in the polyacrylonitrile molecular chain, which is insufficient to resist external forces, resulting in a significant decrease in the average breaking strength; from the comparison of Comparative Example 2 and Example 1, it can be seen that the mass ratio of octadecylphosphonic acid to amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile is increased, and the average breaking strength is reduced. This is because the phosphonic acid groups in octadecylphosphonic acid form strong polar interactions (hydrogen bonds or coordination bonds) with the cyano groups (-CN) of polyacrylonitrile, constructing physical crosslinking points between the molecular chains, limiting chain slippage, making the material hard and brittle, and reducing the average breaking strength; from the comparison of Comparative Example 3 and Example 1, it can be seen that without using octadecylphosphonic acid to modify polyacrylonitrile, the limiting oxygen index and average breaking strength are significantly reduced.
[0105] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0106] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for preparing sea-island nanofibers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the island component, plasticizer, functional nanoparticles and modified nano shell powder and melt blending them to prepare the island phase functional masterbatch; S2, mixing the island phase functional masterbatch in S1 with the sea component and performing melt blending spinning to obtain sea-island nanocomposite fibers; S3, oiling, stretching, curling and drying the sea-island nanocomposite fibers prepared in step S2 to obtain finished fibers; Among them, the island component is modified polyacrylonitrile.
2. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The functional nanoparticles are one of nano zinc oxide, nano aluminum oxide and nano silicon dioxide.
3. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: Modified nano shell powder is obtained by the following method: Adding an aluminate coupling agent to a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, adding nano shell powder to a high-speed mixer, spraying the mixed solution on the nano shell powder, stirring at 60-80° C. for 80-100 minutes, and drying at 100-110° C. for 4-5 hours to obtain modified nano shell powder; The mass ratio of the aluminate coupling agent, anhydrous ethanol, deionized water and nano shell powder is 1:2-4:0.2-0.4:
50.
4. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The melt blending in S1 is carried out in an ultrasonic field; the temperature of the melt blending in S1 is 220-230° C., the power of the ultrasonic wave is 150-170 W, and the ultrasonic time is 4-8 minutes; the temperature of the melt blending in S2 is 180-220° C.
5. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The sea component is one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of island phase functional masterbatch to sea component is 3:2-2.
5.
7. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: Modified polyacrylonitrile is obtained by the following method: (1) Add polyacrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and deionized water to a reaction vessel, adjust the pH to 7 with anhydrous sodium carbonate, heat to 60-80° C. and stir for 2-4 hours. After the reaction is completed, wash and dry to obtain amidoxime polyacrylonitrile; (2) Add octadecylphosphonic acid and deionized water to a reaction vessel and stir at 100-110° C. until dissolved; then add amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and continue reacting at 100-110° C. for 0.5-1 h to obtain a solid product, which is filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile.
8. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and deionized water is 1:1-3:
70.
9. The method for preparing sea-island nanofibers according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of octadecylphosphonic acid, amidoxime-based polyacrylonitrile and deionized water is 5-15:100:
700.
10. A sea-island nanofiber, characterized in that The method is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.