Quick plugging device for coal mine tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides a quick plugging device for a coal mine tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety protection. The rapid plugging device is composed of a plurality of Sanpu origami structures and double-chamber bags arranged among the Sanpu origami structures, the Sanpu origami structures are spread to form a parallelogram, different Sanpu origami structures are connected through hinges, breakable diaphragms are arranged in the double-chamber bags, and polyurethane foaming A materials and polyurethane foaming B materials are contained in the double-chamber bags respectively. The rapid plugging device is simple in structure, does not need external power supply, does not have a complex mechanical structure, and can be manually operated by personnel; the maximum foaming volume ratio can reach 30 times, the foaming speed is far higher than that of an existing wall building plugging method, and rapid plugging can be achieved; the polyurethane foam is non-toxic and harmless and can effectively block gas leakage, so that explosion shock wave propagation is retarded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety protection, and specifically relates to a rapid blocking device for coal mine tunnels, which is used to quickly block accident tunnels after a gas explosion occurs in underground tunnels, so as to facilitate subsequent rescue work. Background Art

[0002] Coal production plays a vital role in the national economy. Gas explosions occasionally occur during coal production, causing property damage and even loss of life. After a coal mine gas explosion, tunnel sealing is a key component of emergency response. Its primary goal is to quickly isolate the oxygen supply to the explosion area, block the spread of gas, and prevent secondary disasters. Traditional sealing techniques commonly used in the industry include manual sandbag construction, enclosed walls (brick / concrete structures), and temporary inflatable / folding barriers.

[0003] However, the techniques of manually stacking sandbags and building closed walls (brick / concrete structures) have the following problems: Low efficiency: sand, bricks, concrete, and other materials must be manually transported, and rescue workers must carry heavy rescue equipment to carry out the construction, which takes hours or even longer, thus delaying the rescue time; High risk of personnel exposure: During the construction process, workers need to stay in the accident tunnel for a long time, facing the deadly threats of secondary gas outburst, explosion, roof collapse, etc.; Insufficient sealing: Cracks are prone to form at the joints of the masonry, increasing the risk of gas infiltration, and the system is difficult to adapt to the irregular cross-section of the tunnel, resulting in unstable isolation effect. Temporary inflatable / folding barrier technology has the following problems: Poor pressure resistance: Existing inflatable devices (such as airbags) cannot withstand the pressure of explosion shock waves or tunnel deformation and are prone to failure; Dependence on external gas sources: The system requires carrying bulky inflatable equipment, which is difficult to portability and poses the risk of spark ignition in high-concentration gas environments; Limited adaptability: The system has strict requirements on the tunnel shape and surface roughness, and the fit is insufficient under complex working conditions. Therefore, the application effect of inflatable barriers in coal mine tunnel sealing is not ideal.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing sealing technology is limited by the "impossible triangle" of efficiency, safety and reliability, and cannot meet the extreme working conditions required for coal mine accident rescue.

[0005] After a gas explosion accident in a coal mine, the emergency rescue field urgently needs a sealing device with the following characteristics: rapid deployment: it can be carried by one person and installed within 1 to 5 minutes; high sealing: it adapts to the deformation of the tunnel surface and isolates gas and oxygen with zero gaps; explosion and pressure resistance: it can withstand the impact of secondary and multiple gas explosions and the pressure of tunnel collapse; environmental robustness: it can adapt to high humidity, dust, and gas environments, and has no spark hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problem that the existing technology is limited by the "impossible triangle" of efficiency, safety and reliability, and cannot meet the extreme working conditions required for coal mine accident rescue, the inventor obtained design inspiration from the origami structure and proposed a rapid sealing device for coal mine tunnels. The device contains polyurethane foam material A and material B. When it is not in operation, the sealing structure is in a folded state and occupies a small space. It is lightweight and can be carried by personnel or stacked in the tunnel at ordinary times. When the tunnel needs to be sealed at the accident scene, there is no need for external power supply or auxiliary devices. By manually pressing the sealing device, the polyurethane foam material A and material B can be quickly and evenly mixed. The subsequent foaming process can promote the rapid expansion of the sealing structure and form a sealing wall, thereby providing a fixed foaming space for the foaming material, and finally foaming to form a wall structure to achieve rapid sealing of the accident tunnel.

[0007] The structural technical solutions proposed by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels, comprising a Miura-ori origami structure and a double-chamber bag arranged between the Miura-ori origami structures, wherein the Miura-ori origami structure is unfolded into a parallelogram, the Miura-ori origami structures are connected by hinges, and the double-chamber bag has a rupturable diaphragm inside, which is respectively filled with polyurethane foam material A and material B. When in use, the rupturable diaphragm of the double-chamber bag is broken by pressing the folding structure, thereby achieving a uniform mixing of polyurethane foam material A and material B, and then the foaming process can drive the folding structure to unfold. Multiple unfolded folding structures cooperate with the tunnel wall to form a closed cavity. After the foaming process is completed, the external cavity and the internal polyurethane foam together form a plugging device. In practical applications, different numbers of such rapid plugging devices for coal mine tunnels can be arranged according to the size of the coal mine tunnel.

[0009] In order to be applied to coal mine tunnels of different sizes and in different occasions, the rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels of the present invention can be manufactured in various sizes and is not limited to the same size.

[0010] The rapid plugging device of this invention has a simple structure, requires no external power supply, and requires no complex mechanical structure. It can be manually operated, achieving a foaming volume ratio of up to 30 times. Its foaming speed is significantly higher than existing wall plugging methods. The polyurethane foam is non-toxic and harmless, effectively blocking gas leaks and thus hindering the propagation of explosion shock waves.

[0011] Beneficial effects

[0012] Compared with the existing technology, the rapid sealing device of the present invention has the following advantages: lightweight structure, can be carried by one person, and can be quickly deployed to a designated location; rapid sealing, from the start of operation to the end of sealing, the entire process can be completed within 10 minutes, which is an order of magnitude shorter than the traditional wall-building scheme; good sealing effect, compared with brick and cement walls, polyurethane foam can better fit the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel, combined with the airtight performance of polyurethane foam itself, it has a better gas sealing effect; lightweight structure, easier to dismantle after the accident; compared with traditional brick-concrete structure, polyurethane foam structure has better protection against explosion shock waves. After a derivative explosion occurs in the accident tunnel, the polyurethane foam sealing structure can better protect personnel and tunnels from shock waves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 :A unit of a rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels is composed of a Miura-ori origami structure and two double-chamber bags. The figure also shows a plan view of the Miura-ori origami structure. The peripheral lines are contour lines, the middle horizontal line is the folding front line, the upper part line perpendicular to the horizontal line is also the folding front line, and the lower part line is the folding valley line;

[0014] Figure 2 The four parallelogram plates of each Miura-ori origami structure are connected by hinges and can rotate relative to each other. The figure shows a schematic diagram of the hinge.

[0015] Figure 3 : A rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels with four units.

[0016] Specific implementation / embodiment

[0017] In order to better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and examples of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention in detail, but do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0018] See the instructions attached Figure 1 and 2 The embodiment of the present invention is composed of a Miura-ori origami structure (1) and a double-chamber bag (2) filled with polyurethane material A and material B. The Miura-ori origami structure (1) is a parallelogram made of aluminum alloy, including 4 cells, with a wall thickness of 2 mm, a single-side length of 40 / 50 cm, a height of 45 cm, and 8 double-chamber bags; each double-chamber bag has the same shape as one of the faces of the Miura-ori origami structure (1), a thickness of 5 cm, and a volume of 9000 cm. 3Each double-chamber bag has two chambers separated by a rupturable membrane, each containing polyurethane material A and material B. During use, the rupturable membrane is broken, and polyurethane materials A and B mix and foam, forming a sealed space measuring 1.6 x 1.8 x 0.75 meters in length, width, and height. Two of these rapid sealing devices can create a 1.5-meter-thick seal in a 1.6 x 1.8-meter tunnel, fully sealing against gas and effectively protecting against shock waves from secondary and subsequent explosions in the accident tunnel. The entire process from start to finish can be completed within ten minutes.

[0019] The present invention has been described in detail above through the examples. It should be noted that the above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims of this application document. Under the premise of not departing from the spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art who make equivalent substitutions or other various transformations of the technical features of the present invention and obtain technical solutions or embodiments fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels, characterized by: The rapid plugging device comprises a plurality of Miura-ori origami structures (1) and a double-chamber bag (2) arranged between the Miura-ori origami structures (1) and containing polyurethane material A and material B. The Miura-ori origami structures (1) are spread out into a parallelogram plate, and different Miura-ori origami structures (1) are connected by hinges and can rotate relative to each other. The material A and material B are separated by a rupturable diaphragm inside the double-chamber bag, and the two materials are not mixed during non-use.

2. A rapid plugging device for coal mine tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid blocking device for coal mine tunnels can be manufactured in various sizes.

Images