Safety guarantee system and method for supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor

Abstract

The invention provides a safety guarantee system and method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, in the system, feed ports of a first-stage combustion chamber and a second-stage combustion chamber are communicated with a discharge port of an organic matter conveying module, and a gas outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber is communicated with a gas inlet of a safety relief tank; a first-stage combustion chamber discharging port is communicated with a first-stage combustion chamber cooler feeding port, a first-stage combustion chamber cooler discharging port is communicated with a second-stage combustion chamber feeding port, a first-stage combustion chamber cooler water inlet is communicated with a cooling water conveying module water outlet, and a first-stage combustion chamber cooler water outlet is communicated with a second-stage combustion chamber cooler water inlet. A water outlet of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler is connected with a steam injection wellhead and an organic matter conveying module, a discharging port of the second-stage combustion chamber is communicated with a feeding port of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler, a discharging port of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler is communicated with a feeding port of the salt discharging chamber, and a discharging port of the salt discharging chamber is communicated with a feeding port of the solid-gas separator. The system improves the efficiency of the reactor, reduces the maintenance cost and prolongs the service life of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of supercritical hydrothermal combustion, and in particular to a safety assurance system and method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor. Background Art

[0002] Supercritical water refers to water at a temperature ≥374.15°C and a pressure ≥22.12 MPa (i.e., above its critical point). Compared to normal water, supercritical water exhibits unique properties: reduced density, lower viscosity, increased diffusion coefficient, reduced hydrogen bond stability and number, and a dielectric constant much smaller than that of normal water. This unique property makes it a non-polar solvent with high diffusivity and good mass transfer. Supercritical hydrothermal combustion is an efficient and clean waste treatment and energy utilization technology. It utilizes the unique physicochemical properties of supercritical water to rapidly oxidize and decompose organic matter under high temperature and high pressure, achieving waste resource recovery and harmless treatment. This technology offers advantages such as fast reaction speed, high efficiency, and zero secondary pollution, and has broad application prospects in industrial wastewater treatment, municipal waste disposal, energy and chemical industries, and other fields.

[0003] However, in practical applications, serious safety issues during the operation of supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactors are a major factor restricting the development of this technology. Due to the high temperature and high pressure characteristics of the supercritical hydrothermal environment, and the inorganic salts generated during the reaction process easily deposit on the reactor walls and cause corrosion, often leading to reduced equipment performance and even safety accidents. For example, local overheating of the reactor wall can cause material failure, while abnormally high pressure within the system can cause equipment rupture and other accidents. In addition, when the inorganic salt content in the feed is too high, salt deposition not only increases heat transfer resistance but also causes corrosion damage to the equipment walls, shortening the equipment life and increasing maintenance costs.

[0004] In the existing technology, although the safety of supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactors has been improved to a certain extent through material modification and process optimization, the lack of an efficient online monitoring system for feed composition and an automatic linkage control mechanism makes the device less adaptable to fluctuations in the inorganic salt content in the feed, and the salt discharge treatment method is not perfect, resulting in wall overheating, overpressure and inorganic salt deposition problems.

[0005] Therefore, to address these safety hazards associated with supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactors, there is an urgent need to develop a comprehensive safety assurance system specifically for these reactors. This system should enable online monitoring and dynamic control of key operating parameters and salt precipitation behavior, while also providing efficient heat exchange and cooling capabilities and a continuous salt removal mechanism. This is crucial for improving operational safety, reducing the risk of failure, and extending equipment life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems of wall overheating, overpressure, inorganic salt deposition and corrosion that are prone to occur in existing supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactors during use, the present invention provides a safety assurance system and method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes a safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, which includes a supercritical hydrothermal combustion module, a safety relief tank, a solid-gas separator, a cooling water delivery module, and an organic matter delivery module; The supercritical hydrothermal combustion module includes a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a primary combustion chamber cooler, a secondary combustion chamber cooler and a salt removal chamber; The feed inlets of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected to the discharge port of the organic matter conveying module through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the primary combustion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the safety relief tank through a pipeline; The discharge port of the primary combustion chamber is connected to the feed port of the primary combustion chamber cooler through a pipeline, the discharge port of the primary combustion chamber cooler is connected to the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber through a pipeline, the water inlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler is connected to the water outlet of the cooling water delivery module through a pipeline, the water outlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler is connected to the water inlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler through a pipeline, the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler is respectively connected to the steam injection wellhead and the organic matter delivery module through pipelines, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber cooler through a pipeline, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber cooler is connected to the feed port of the salt discharge chamber through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber is connected to the feed port of the solid-gas separator through a pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, a secondary combustion chamber cooling water allocation valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the first combustion chamber cooler and the water inlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler, a secondary combustion chamber temperature detector is provided in the secondary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector is communicatively connected with the secondary combustion chamber cooling water allocation valve.

[0009] Preferably, a multi-element thermal fluid thermostat is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler and the steam injection wellhead, and the outlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat is connected to the organic matter transport module through a pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, a heat-fluid cooling water dispensing valve is provided on the pipeline between the inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler, and a cooling water temperature detector is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam injection wellhead and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat, and the cooling water temperature detector is communicatively connected with the heat-fluid cooling water dispensing valve.

[0011] Preferably, a bypass branch is provided on the pipeline connecting the heat flow cooling water dispensing valve and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler, one end of the bypass branch is connected to the wall cooler of the supercritical water thermal combustion device, and one water outlet of the wall cooler of the supercritical water thermal combustion device is connected to the organic matter transport module through a pipeline; Another water outlet of the wall cooling assembly of the supercritical water thermal combustion device is connected to the water inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat through a pipeline, and one inlet of the wall cooling assembly of the supercritical water thermal combustion device is connected to the heat discharge outlet of the salt discharge chamber through a pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the organic matter conveying module includes a material conveyor and a material preheater, the discharge port of the material conveyor is connected to the feed port of the material preheater through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the material preheater is connected to the feed ports of the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber respectively through pipelines; The material-free conveyor is connected to the wall cooler of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device and the water outlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat through a pipeline; A primary combustion chamber temperature detector is provided in the primary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber temperature detector is communicatively connected with the material preheater.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling water delivery module includes a cooling water delivery pump and a primary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve, the water outlet of the cooling water delivery pump is connected to the water inlet of the primary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the primary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve is connected to the water inlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler through a pipeline; The primary combustion chamber cooling water allocation valve is communicatively connected to the primary combustion chamber temperature detector.

[0014] Preferably, a safety valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the air outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber and the air inlet of the safety relief tank; An inorganic salt discharge valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber and the feed port of the solid-gas separator. An inorganic salt level meter is provided in the salt discharge chamber, and the inorganic salt level meter is communicatively connected with the inorganic salt discharge valve.

[0015] Preferably, the steam injection wellhead is connected to the air inlet of the safety relief tank through a pipeline; a multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve is provided on the pipeline between the air inlet and the air inlet of the safety relief tank, and a secondary combustion chamber pressure detector is provided in the secondary combustion chamber; The multi-element thermal fluid adjustment valve is in communication with the secondary combustion chamber pressure detector.

[0016] The present invention provides a safety assurance method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, which is used in the safety assurance system of the above-mentioned supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, comprising the following steps: The organic matter conveying module conveys the organic material to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber for combustion respectively. The heat generated after combustion in the primary combustion chamber is input into the primary combustion chamber cooler, and performs heat energy exchange with the cooling water input into the primary combustion chamber cooler by the cooling water conveying module. The cooling water that has exchanged heat energy is input into the secondary combustion chamber cooler, and performs heat energy exchange again with the heat generated after combustion in the secondary combustion chamber. Part of the cooling water that has exchanged heat energy in the secondary combustion chamber cooler is input into the organic matter conveying module to preheat the organic material, and the other part is input into the steam injection wellhead; The molten salt produced by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber is discharged into a solid-gas separator for collection and is discharged regularly; When the pressure in the first-stage combustion chamber exceeds a preset value, the pressure is released through the safety relief tank.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention proposes a safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor. The system enables full combustion of organic materials by providing a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. The heat energy generated after combustion is heat exchanged through the primary combustion chamber cooler and the secondary combustion chamber cooler, so that the wall temperature and outlet temperature in the supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor are within a set range, solving the overtemperature problem when the combustion reaction releases a large amount of heat and avoiding overheating in the combustion chamber. The internal cooling water after heat exchange is input into the organic material input module to preheat the organic material input into the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, thereby preventing excessive inorganic salt content in the organic material, ensuring that the inorganic salt melts, and does not scale and corrode the wall surface. It also reduces the generation of incomplete combustion products, avoids combustion fluctuations or flameout risks caused by cold material impact, and further improves energy utilization efficiency, reduces operating energy consumption, and significantly improves overall thermal efficiency. The salt discharge chamber collects the molten salt generated during the reaction and safely discharges it through the solid-gas separation system to prevent excessive accumulation of molten salt. The system improves safety, improves reactor efficiency, reduces maintenance costs, and extends equipment life.

[0018] Furthermore, in this system, the secondary combustion chamber cooling water distribution valve is linked to the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector, and the primary combustion chamber cooling water distribution valve is linked to the primary combustion chamber temperature detector to monitor the core temperature of the combustion chamber in real time. By automatically adjusting the cooling water flow, the combustion chamber is effectively prevented from local or overall overheating due to violent reaction, uneven heat load or feed fluctuation, and the risk of failure in the combustion chamber due to high-temperature creep, oxidation or strength loss is avoided, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation and life of the combustion chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the system achieves precise closed-loop control of the steam flow temperature in the steam injection wellhead through the coordinated use of a multi-element thermal fluid thermostat, a multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve and a cooling water temperature detector, thereby optimizing the formation thermal recovery efficiency and preventing wellbore / formation damage or substandard process results caused by excessively high or low temperatures. At the same time, part of the heat energy is used to preheat materials, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system.

[0020] Furthermore, in this system, the safety valve and the multi-element thermal fluid distribution valve are used to achieve double pressure relief of the system, effectively preventing physical explosions in the combustion chamber and improving the safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A connection block diagram of a safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor provided by the present invention; In the attached figure: A, supercritical hydrothermal combustion module; 1, primary combustion chamber; 2, secondary combustion chamber; 3, salt discharge chamber; 4, primary combustion chamber cooler; 5, secondary combustion chamber cooler; 6, supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooler; 7, multi-element thermal fluid thermostat; 8, solid-gas separator; 9, safety relief tank; 10, material preheater; 11, safety valve; TIC1, primary combustion chamber temperature detector; TIC2, secondary combustion chamber temperature detector; PIC1, secondary combustion chamber pressure detector; TIC3, cooling water temperature detector; LIC1, inorganic salt level meter; V1, multi-element thermal fluid cooling water dispensing valve; V2, multi-element thermal fluid dispensing valve; V3, inorganic salt discharge valve; V4, secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve; V5, primary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The present invention proposes a safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a supercritical hydrothermal combustion module A, a safety discharge tank 9, a solid-gas separator 8, a cooling water delivery module, and an organic matter delivery module; the supercritical hydrothermal combustion module A includes a primary combustion chamber 1, a secondary combustion chamber 2, a primary combustion chamber cooler 4, a secondary combustion chamber cooler 5, and a salt discharge chamber 3; Among them, the feed ports of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 are connected with the discharge port of the organic matter conveying module through a pipeline, and the organic material is input into the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 for combustion through the organic matter conveying module, and the air outlet of the primary combustion chamber 1 is connected with the air inlet of the safety relief tank 9 through a pipeline; the discharge port of the primary combustion chamber 1 is connected with the feed port of the primary combustion chamber cooler 4 through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the primary combustion chamber cooler 4 is connected with the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber 2 through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the primary combustion chamber cooler 4 is connected with the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber 2 through a pipeline. The water inlet is connected to the water outlet of the cooling water delivery module through a pipeline, the water outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooler 4 is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler 5 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler 5 is connected to the steam injection wellhead and the organic matter delivery module through pipelines respectively; the discharge port of the second-stage combustion chamber 2 is connected to the feed port of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler 5 through a pipeline, the discharge port of the second-stage combustion chamber cooler 5 is connected to the feed port of the salt discharge chamber 3 through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber 3 is connected to the feed port of the solid-gas separator 8 through a pipeline.

[0029] In this system, the heat and molten salt generated by the organic material entering the primary combustion chamber 1, and then flowing into the secondary combustion chamber 2 to complete further reaction, further generating heat and molten salt, the molten salt is input into the salt discharge chamber 3 for collection, and is safely discharged through the solid-gas separator 8. When the pressure in the primary combustion chamber 1 exceeds the preset pressure, the pressure is quickly released through the safety relief tank 9, which ensures the safety of the system and avoids the formation of ultra-high pressure. At the same time, the molten salt generated by the combustion in the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 is collected by the molten salt and then discharged in a centralized manner, avoiding the accumulation of molten salt in the combustion chamber and preventing excessive accumulation of molten salt. The cooler 4 is connected to the cooling water delivery module, and the first-stage combustion chamber cooler 4 is connected to the second-stage combustion chamber cooler 5, so that the cooling water is heat exchanged with the molten salt produced by the combustion in the first-stage combustion chamber 1 and the second-stage combustion chamber 2 respectively. Part of the cooling water after heat exchange is injected into the steam injection wellhead, and part is input into the organic matter delivery module for utilization. Therefore, this system can adapt to the combustion process of fuels with different calorific values ​​by setting up multi-stage combustion chambers, coolers and safety relief tanks 9, avoid local overheating and overheating when the combustion reaction releases a large amount of heat, and improve the thermal efficiency of the system, and introduce hot fluid into the steam injection well to realize the injection of heat energy into the wellbore and surrounding formations.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4 is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler 4 and the water inlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5, and a secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 2. The secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4, and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 2 is detected by the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2. If the temperature data detected by the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 exceeds the set temperature value, the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 sends a first adjustment signal to the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4 to increase the opening of the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4. If the temperature data detected by the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 does not exceed the set temperature value, the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC2 sends a second adjustment signal to the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4 to reduce the opening of the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V4, so as to prevent material failure, deformation or salt scale crystallization corrosion due to high temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 2; like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5 and the steam injection wellhead, and the outlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 is connected to the organic matter transport module through a pipeline, and part of the heat is transported to the organic matter transport module for recycling through the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7, thereby reducing heat loss; a primary heat flow cooling water dispensing valve V1 is provided on the pipeline connecting the inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5, and a cooling water temperature detector TIC3 is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam injection wellhead and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7, and the cooling water temperature detector TIC3 is communicated with the primary heat flow cooling water dispensing valve V1, and the cooling water flow rate is adjusted through the linkage of the cooling water temperature detector TIC3 and the primary heat flow cooling water dispensing valve V1, thereby achieving precise temperature control, preventing wall overheating and ensuring uniform heat distribution.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a bypass branch is provided on the pipeline connecting the inlet of the primary heat flow cooling water dispensing valve V1 and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5, one end of the bypass branch is connected to the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooler 6, and one water outlet of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooler 6 is connected to the organic matter transport module through a pipeline; the other water outlet of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooling component 6 is connected to the water inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 through a pipeline, and part of the heat energy is transferred to the organic matter transport module for use through the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooler 6 and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7.

[0032] The organic matter conveying module includes a material conveyor and a material preheater 10. The discharge port of the material conveyor is connected to the feed port of the material preheater 10 through a pipeline. The discharge port of the material preheater 10 is connected to the feed ports of the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 through pipelines respectively; the material conveyor is connected to the water outlet of the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device wall cooler 6 and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 through a pipeline; a primary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC1 is provided in the primary combustion chamber 1, and the primary combustion chamber temperature detector TIC1 is connected to the material preheater The device 10 is communicated with the supercritical hydrothermal combustion device, and part of the heat energy in the wall cooler 6 and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat 7 is transmitted to the material preheater 10 for recycling, and the organic material to be input into the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 is preheated, so that the material input into the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 carries a certain temperature, so that the organic material can be more fully burned in the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the waste heat of the combustion reaction, reducing the operating energy consumption, and significantly improving the overall thermal efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the cooling water delivery module includes a cooling water delivery pump and a first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V5. The water outlet of the cooling water delivery pump is connected to the water inlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V5 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V5 is connected to the water inlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooler 4 through a pipeline; the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V5 is communicated with the first-stage combustion chamber temperature detector TIC1, and the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve V5 is linked with the first-stage combustion chamber temperature detector TIC1 to adjust the amount of cooling water input to the first-stage combustion chamber cooler 4, that is, when the first-stage combustion chamber temperature detector TIC1 monitors that the temperature data in the first-stage combustion chamber 1 exceeds the set temperature data value, additional cooling water is introduced to stabilize the temperature of the first-stage combustion chamber 1, thereby increasing the stability of the system.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a safety valve 11 is provided on the pipeline connecting the air outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber 1 and the air inlet of the safety relief tank 9. When overpressure occurs in the first-stage combustion chamber 1, the safety valve 11 cooperates with the safety relief tank 9 to relieve pressure to ensure the safety of the system; an inorganic salt discharge valve V3 is provided on the pipeline connecting the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber 3 and the feed port of the solid-gas separator 8, and an inorganic salt level meter LIC1 is provided in the salt discharge chamber 3. The inorganic salt level meter LIC1 is communicatively connected with the inorganic salt discharge valve V3 and is connected to the inorganic salt discharge valve V3 through the inorganic salt level meter LIC1. When the inorganic salt level meter LIC1 detects that the accumulation of molten salt in the salt discharge chamber 3 reaches the set upper limit, the inorganic salt discharge valve V3 is opened for automatic discharge, and the discharge valve is closed after the liquid level returns to normal to prevent excessive salt accumulation.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the steam injection wellhead is connected to the air inlet of the safety relief tank 9 through a pipeline; a multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve V2 is provided on the pipeline between the air inlet and the air inlet of the safety relief tank 9, and a secondary combustion chamber pressure detector PIC1 is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 2; the multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve V2 is communicatively connected with the secondary combustion chamber pressure detector PIC1, and secondary pressure relief is performed through the multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve V2, which cooperates with the safety valve 11 to realize double-layer protection of the system, thereby reducing the occurrence of overpressure accidents.

[0036] The present invention provides a safety assurance method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, which is used in the safety assurance system of the above-mentioned supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, comprising the following steps: The organic matter transport module transports the organic material to the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 2 for combustion respectively. The heat generated after combustion in the primary combustion chamber 1 is input into the primary combustion chamber cooler 4, and exchanges heat energy with the cooling water input into the primary combustion chamber cooler 4 by the cooling water transport module. The cooling water that has exchanged heat energy is input into the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5, and exchanges heat energy again with the heat generated after combustion in the primary combustion chamber 1. Part of the cooling water that has exchanged heat energy in the secondary combustion chamber cooler 5 is input into the organic matter transport module to preheat the organic material, and the other part is input into the steam injection wellhead; The molten salt produced by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 2 is discharged to the solid-gas separator 8 for collection and is discharged regularly; When the pressure in the first-stage combustion chamber 1 exceeds a preset value, the pressure is released through the safety relief tank 9 .

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all points of view, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0038] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This description is for clarity only. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made based on the technical solution in accordance with the technical concept proposed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, characterized in that: The system comprises a supercritical water thermal combustion module (A), a safety relief tank (9), a solid-gas separator (8), a cooling water delivery module and an organic matter delivery module; The supercritical hydrothermal combustion module (A) comprises a primary combustion chamber (1), a secondary combustion chamber (2), a primary combustion chamber cooler (4), a secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) and a salt discharge chamber (3); The feed inlets of the primary combustion chamber (1) and the secondary combustion chamber (2) are connected to the discharge port of the organic matter conveying module via a pipeline, and the air outlet of the primary combustion chamber (1) is connected to the air inlet of the safety relief tank (9) via a pipeline; The discharge port of the primary combustion chamber (1) is communicated with the feed port of the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) through a pipeline, the discharge port of the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) is communicated with the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber (2) through a pipeline, the water inlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) is communicated with the water outlet of the cooling water delivery module through a pipeline, the water outlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) is communicated with the water inlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) through a pipeline, the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) is respectively connected to the steam injection wellhead and the organic matter delivery module through pipelines, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is communicated with the feed port of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) through a pipeline, the discharge port of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) is communicated with the feed port of the salt discharge chamber (3) through a pipeline, and the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber (3) is communicated with the feed port of the solid-gas separator (8) through a pipeline.

2. The safety assurance system of a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve (V4) is provided on a pipeline connecting the water outlet of the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) and the water inlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5); a secondary combustion chamber temperature detector (TIC2) is provided in the secondary combustion chamber (2); and the secondary combustion chamber temperature detector (TIC2) is communicatively connected to the secondary combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve (V4).

3. The safety assurance system of a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A multi-element thermal fluid thermostat (7) is provided on the pipeline connecting the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) and the steam injection wellhead, and the outlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat (7) is connected to the organic matter transport module via a pipeline.

4. The safety assurance system of a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heat-fluid cooling water dispensing valve (V1) is provided on the pipeline between the inlet of the multi-element heat-fluid thermostat (7) and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5), and a cooling water temperature detector (TIC3) is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam injection wellhead and the multi-element heat-fluid thermostat (7). The cooling water temperature detector (TIC3) is communicatively connected to the heat-fluid cooling water dispensing valve (V1).

5. The safety assurance system of a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A bypass branch is provided on the pipeline connecting the heat flux cooling water dispensing valve (V1) and the water outlet of the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5); one end of the bypass branch is connected to the supercritical water thermal combustion device wall cooler (6); and one water outlet of the supercritical water thermal combustion device wall cooler (6) is connected to the organic matter transport module via a pipeline; Another water outlet of the wall cooling component (6) of the supercritical water thermal combustion device is connected to the water inlet of the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat (7) through a pipeline, and an inlet of the wall cooling component (6) of the supercritical water thermal combustion device is connected to the heat discharge outlet of the salt discharge chamber (3) through a pipeline.

6. The safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic matter conveying module comprises a material conveyor and a material preheater (10), the discharge port of the material conveyor being connected to the feed port of the material preheater (10) via a pipeline, and the discharge port of the material preheater (10) being connected to the feed ports of the primary combustion chamber (1) and the secondary combustion chamber (2) respectively via pipelines; The material-free conveyor is connected to the water outlet of the supercritical water thermal combustion device wall cooler (6) and the multi-element thermal fluid thermostat (7) through a pipeline; A primary combustion chamber temperature detector (TIC1) is provided in the primary combustion chamber (1), and the primary combustion chamber temperature detector (TIC1) is communicatively connected to the material preheater (10).

7. The safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling water delivery module comprises a cooling water delivery pump and a first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve (V5), the water outlet of the cooling water delivery pump being connected to the water inlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve (V5) via a pipeline, and the water outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooling water dispensing valve (V5) being connected to the water inlet of the first-stage combustion chamber cooler (4) via a pipeline; The primary combustion chamber cooling water adjustment valve (V5) is communicatively connected to the primary combustion chamber temperature detector (TIC1).

8. The safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety valve (11) is provided on a pipeline connecting the air outlet of the first-stage combustion chamber (1) and the air inlet of the safety relief tank (9); An inorganic salt discharge valve (V3) is provided on a pipeline connecting the discharge port of the salt discharge chamber (3) and the feed port of the solid-gas separator (8), an inorganic salt level meter (LIC1) is provided in the salt discharge chamber (3), and the inorganic salt level meter (LIC1) is communicatively connected to the inorganic salt discharge valve (V3).

9. The safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam injection wellhead is connected to the air inlet of the safety relief tank (9) through a pipeline; a multi-element thermal fluid adjustment valve (V2) is provided on the pipeline between the air inlet and the air inlet of the safety relief tank (9), and a secondary combustion chamber pressure detector (PIC1) is provided in the secondary combustion chamber (2); The multi-element thermal fluid regulating valve (V2) is in communication with the secondary combustion chamber pressure detector (PIC1).

10. A safety assurance method for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor, used in the safety assurance system for a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The organic material transport module transports the organic material to the primary combustion chamber (1) and the secondary combustion chamber (2) for combustion, and the heat generated by the primary combustion chamber (1) is input into the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) and performs heat energy exchange with the cooling water input into the primary combustion chamber cooler (4) by the cooling water transport module. The cooling water that has exchanged heat energy is input into the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) and performs heat energy exchange again with the heat generated by the secondary combustion chamber (2) after combustion. A part of the cooling water that has exchanged heat energy in the secondary combustion chamber cooler (5) is input into the organic material transport module to preheat the organic material, and the other part is input into the steam injection wellhead. The molten salt generated by the combustion in the secondary combustion chamber (2) is discharged into the solid-gas separator (8) for collection and is discharged regularly; When the pressure in the primary combustion chamber (1) exceeds a preset value, the pressure is released through the safety relief tank (9).

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