Curved surface or rotating mirror reflection type full-angle camera

Abstract

The invention discloses a curved surface or rotating mirror reflection type full-angle camera, and belongs to the field of mechanical optics. The structure comprises a shell, a lens and a pixel chip, a curved reflector or galvanometer module; the invention relates to a camera for collecting images at all angles in a curved surface or rotating mirror reflection mode, a curved surface reflecting mirror comprises a conical surface or a spherical surface, and a galvanometer module comprises a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or an empty-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module; according to the installation relation, the pixel chip is fixed to the shell base, and the upper lens is installed above the pixel chip; the light enters the lens after being reflected by the curved reflector or the galvanometer module; the image is expanded, processed and displayed in reality; the method can be widely applied to the monitoring field.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of optical electronic technology; more precisely, it is an optical camera that uses a conical reflective surface or a rotating mirror to collect 360-degree full-angle images. [Background Technology]

[0002] Currently, there are no purely optical static and micro-vibration mirror full-angle cameras in the industry.

[0003] However, to achieve wide angle or full angle, a wide-angle lens or a device similar to a pan-tilt head is required, and the azimuth rotation driven by a motor is used to achieve wide angle.

[0004] *Wide-angle lens mode: The physical focal length of the wide-angle lens is very short. The widest angle is called fisheye 180° viewing angle; followed by ultra-wide angle 90° viewing angle; wide angle 74° viewing angle; quasi-wide angle 62°; and standard wide angle 47°.

[0005] *Motor-driven azimuth rotation mode: Similar to a pan-tilt head device, it comes in various forms; both manual and electric. A camera pan-tilt head is a supporting device for installing and fixing a camera. It is divided into two types: fixed and electric pan-tilt heads: simple ones have one rotating shaft, and complex ones have two independent rotating shafts. Fixed pan-tilt heads are suitable for situations where the surveillance range is not large. After the camera is installed on the fixed pan-tilt head, the horizontal and pitch angles of the camera can be adjusted. Once the best working posture is achieved, just lock the adjustment mechanism. Electric pan-tilt heads are suitable for scanning and monitoring a large area, and they can expand the surveillance range of the camera. The high-speed posture of the electric pan-tilt head is achieved by two actuator motors, which receive signals from the controller to accurately operate and position.

[0006] *The gimbal can greatly expand the angle of view, but it is inseparable from the external large mechanical rotation and displacement device. [Summary of the invention]

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology and replace the motor-driven azimuth rotation device with a pure optical device or a micro-rotating mirror to achieve 360-degree full-space camera photography.

[0008] The invention has the following characteristics: the pure optical device has a small volume and low production and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention:

[0010] A curved or rotating mirror reflective full-angle camera, the structure of which includes: a housing, a lens, a pixel chip; a curved reflector or a galvanometer module; wherein the curved reflector includes a conical surface or a spherical surface; the galvanometer module includes: a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module.

[0011] The hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module is installed on the motor turntable of the hollow micromotor, and a micro mirror with an inclination angle of usually 45 degrees is installed; (the micro mirror is fixed on the motor turntable, at an angle of about 45 degrees (between 20 degrees and 70 degrees) to the optical axis, and passes through the optical axis to cover the middle hole of the motor); the axis of the motor turntable coincides with the optical axis of the lens; the motor cable is led out from the base of the shell, just not blocking the light path; in short, the hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror solution is to directly install the hollow micromotor on the base of the shell.

[0012] The real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module includes a frame driven by a micromotor that can rotate the micromirror on one or two axes. The micromotor is fixed on the transparent cover of the shell or on the bracket, and the (spider-like) antennae of the bracket are fixed on the base of the shell; or the module rotating mirror on the hollow axis of the hollow axis motor on which the rotating mirror is installed is directly fixed to the base of the shell so that the lens is directly facing the galvanometer mirror; that is, a micromirror (including a plane mirror or a micro-curved mirror, generally a plane mirror) is installed on the frame; the micromirror can rotate along an axis perpendicular to the optical axis under the drive of a horizontal-axis motor; the frame axis is directly driven by a micromotor (vertical axis) and is in the same direction as the optical axis; for the drive of the micromotor, when the cable lead of the motor needs to pass through the transparent cover of the shell and be led out, a transparent wire can be used to stick on the transparent cover of the shell to avoid blocking the light.

[0013] Installation relationship:

[0014] The pixel chip is often fixed to the base of the shell through a PCB board, and a lens is installed above the pixel chip; for the curved reflector method, a curved reflector is installed above the lens (the small surface of the curved reflector faces the lens, the large surface is fixed on the transparent cover of the shell or on the bracket, and the (spider-like antennae) tentacles of the bracket are fixed on the base of the shell, and the thinner antennae block a small amount of viewing angle); for the curved galvanometer module method, a galvanometer module is installed above the lens to replace the curved reflector: the galvanometer module includes a hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module; the fixing method is the same as the fixed curved reflector method.

[0015] Imaging principle:

[0016] First, direct incident light is prevented from entering the lens. In the case of a curved reflector, a reduced real image is first formed locally near the sphere (spherical or non-spherical), and it covers a full 360-degree angle. The lens then forms an image of this real image on the CCD, reflecting the incident light to form a circular image area on the image display area of ​​the pixel chip. The inner ring of the display corresponds to the lower part of the 360-degree scene, and the outer ring corresponds to the upper part of the 360-degree scene. When the camera is placed vertically, the opposite occurs: the inner ring of the display corresponds to the upper part of the 360-degree scene, and the outer ring corresponds to the lower part of the 360-degree scene. The image is a distorted and compressed image. However, through data processing, the image can be cut along the radius and expanded to form an image display on the monitor. The original circular scene can be transformed into a rectangular image, which can display the content of the entire space in a full 360-degree angle. The case of using a rotating mirror module driven by an empty axis motor or a rotating mirror module driven by a real axis motor is relatively simple; a plane mirror with an angle of about 45 degrees to the optical axis reflects the scene into the lens; changing the inclination angle (the angle with the optical axis) or keeping the inclination unchanged while rotating the plane mirror (micro mirror) along the optical axis will change the scene collected from different directions; when the scene collected by the continuous rotation of the plane mirror is processed, a 360-degree full-view image can be obtained, which can be unfolded and displayed realistically.

[0017] Furthermore, it should be noted that while the present invention aims to prevent direct incident light from entering the lens, light entering beyond the lens's viewing angle will be absorbed by the lens's inner walls and is therefore not a problem. Therefore, a necessary aperture is necessary; this is achieved by shielding the front and sides of the lens to block light directly from the lens.

[0018] The technical advancement of the present invention lies in: without any motor or rotating structure, only fixed optical devices (curved reflectors) or rotating micro mirrors (curved or flat mirrors) are used to realize the collection of 360-degree full-angle images of the camera, and the concealment does not have the psychological pressure of lens rotation; it has small size, quietness and long service life.

[0019] [Illustration]

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with a preferred embodiment;

[0021] [ Figure 1 ] Schematic diagram of the curved reflective full-angle camera

[0022] [ Figure 2 ]Schematic diagram of the real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module Figure 1

[0023] [ Figure 3 ]Schematic diagram of the real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module Figure 2

[0024] [ Figure 4 ] Schematic diagram of the hollow-axis motor driving the rotating mirror

[0025] Description of labels:

[0026] (1) Curved reflector

[0027] (2) Lens

[0028] (3) CCD pixel chip

[0029] (4) Transparent cover of shell

[0030] (5) Connecting column

[0031] (6) Housing base

[0032] (7) Transparent cable

[0033] (8) Aperture plate

[0034] (9) Optical axis

[0035] (10) Reflected light

[0036] (11) Explosion Figure 1

[0037] (12) Explosion Figure 2

[0038] (13) Explosion Figure 3

[0039] (14) Explosion Figure 4

[0040] (15) Micromotor

[0041] (16)Horizontal axis motor

[0042] (17) Frame 1

[0043] (18) Frame shaft

[0044] (19) Micromirror (20)

[0046] (21) Hollow shaft micromotor

[0047] (22) Motor cable

[0048] (23) Frame 2

[0049] (24) Motor turntable

[0050] [Implementation Case]

[0051] like[ Figure 1 ] as shown:

[0052] See explosion Figure 1 (11); the CCD pixel chip (3) fixed on the housing base (6) can only receive the reflected incident light from the lens (2); due to the shielding effect of the aperture plate (8), the light directly hitting the lens cannot enter the lens; the light reflected by the curved reflector (1) is called the reflected incident light; the connecting column (5) of the curved reflector (1) is connected to the center of the housing transparent cover (4), the curved reflector (1) passes through the optical axis (9) and the small end faces the lens (2); the transparent cable (7) transmits the signal of the CCD pixel chip (3).

[0053] Imaging principle: First, direct incident light is prevented from entering the lens (2) (except for the large-angle area, because the large-angle light will be over-absorbed by the lens's internal aperture); the reflected light (10) from all directions forms a reduced real image near the curved reflector (1), and it is a full 360-degree angle; the lens (2) then forms an image of the real image on the CCD.

[0054] Simply put, imaging and graphic transformation technology is a well-known general technology. The reflected incident light forms a circular image area on the CCD image display area of ​​the pixel array plane of the CCD pixel chip (3); the inner ring of the display corresponds to the lower part of the 360-degree scene, and the outer ring of the display corresponds to the upper part of the 360-degree scene (when the camera is placed upright, it is just the opposite. The inner ring (12-1) of the display corresponds to the upper part of the 360-degree scene, and the outer ring of the display corresponds to the lower part of the 360-degree scene); and the image is a deformed compressed image; but it can be processed by data, and the image can be cut along the radius. After the image is expanded, it can be displayed on the display. The original annular scene can be transformed into a rectangular image; like the world map Figure 1 In this way, the left and right (east and west) are actually bordering images; therefore, by displaying such a rectangular image, the contents of the entire space with a full 360-degree angle can be displayed.

[0055] like[ Figure 2 ]、[ Figure 3 ] as shown:

[0056] See explosion Figure 2 (12) See explosion Figure 3 (13); Another full-angle 360-degree real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror solution; A micro mirror (19) is installed on the frame 1 (17); The micro mirror (19) can be driven by the horizontal axis motor (16) to rotate along an axis perpendicular to the optical axis (9); and Figure 3 The structure is simpler, eliminating Figure 2The frame 1 (17) and the horizontal axis motor (16) are provided; the frame axis (18) is directly driven by the micro motor (15) (vertical axis) and has the same direction as the optical axis; the micro motor can be driven by a transparent cable (7) attached to the transparent cover (4) of the housing so as not to block the light.

[0057] like[ Figure 4 ] as shown:

[0058] See explosion Figure 4 (14), the hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror solution is to directly install a hollow micro-motor (21) on the housing base (6); and on the motor turntable (24) of the hollow micro-motor, a micro-mirror (19) with an inclination angle of usually 45 degrees is installed; the axis (axis center) of the motor turntable coincides with the optical axis (9) of the lens (2); the motor cable (22) just does not block the light path and is easily led out from the housing base.

Claims

1. A curved or rotating mirror reflective full-angle camera, comprising: Housing, lens, pixel chip; Curved mirror or galvanometer module; The curved reflector includes a conical surface or a spherical surface; the galvanometer module includes: a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module; the installation relationship is: the pixel chip is fixed on the base of the shell, and a lens is installed on the top; corresponding to the curved reflector structure, a curved reflector is installed above the lens, the small table of the curved reflector faces the lens, the large table is fixed on the transparent cover of the shell or on the bracket, and the tentacles of the bracket are fixed on the base of the shell; corresponding to the curved galvanometer module, a galvanometer module is installed above the lens, and the galvanometer module includes a hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module; imaging principle: first, prevent direct incident light from entering the lens. In the case of a curved reflector, a reduced real image is first formed near the local spherical surface, and it is a full 360-degree angle; the lens then images the real image on the CCD; that is, the incident light is reflected to form a circular image area on the image display area of ​​the pixel chip; the inner ring of the display corresponds to the ring The lower part of the 360-degree scene, the outer ring is displayed corresponding to the upper part of the 360-degree scene; when the camera is placed upright, it is just the opposite, the inner ring is displayed corresponding to the upper part of the 360-degree scene, and the outer ring is displayed corresponding to the lower part of the 360-degree scene; and the image is a deformed compressed image; but after data processing, the image can be cut along the radius, and after the image is expanded, it can be displayed on the monitor; the original annular scene can be transformed into a rectangular image, which can display the content of the entire space at a full 360-degree angle; the use of a hollow axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a real axis motor-driven rotating mirror module is relatively simple; a plane mirror about 45 degrees from the optical axis reflects the scene into the lens; the changed inclination angle or the unchanged inclination angle causes the plane mirror to rotate along the optical axis, which will change the collection of scenes from different directions; when the plane mirror is continuously rotated, the collected scene is processed to obtain a 360-degree full-scene image, which is expanded and displayed realistically. Its characteristics are: A curved reflector or a galvanometer module is installed above the lens of the curved or rotating mirror reflective full-angle camera; the galvanometer module includes a real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module or a hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module; The curved reflector includes a conical or spherical reflector; The hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module is installed on the motor turntable of the hollow micromotor, with a micro mirror with an inclination angle of usually 45 degrees. The micro mirror is fixed on the motor turntable, with an angle of about 45 degrees to the optical axis, between 20 degrees and 70 degrees, and passes through the optical axis to cover the middle hole of the motor; the axis of the motor turntable coincides with the optical axis of the lens; the motor cable is led out from the base of the shell, just not blocking the light path; in short, the hollow-axis motor-driven rotating mirror solution is to directly install the hollow micromotor on the base of the shell; The real-axis motor-driven rotating mirror module includes a frame driven by a micromotor that can rotate the micromirror on one or two axes. The micromotor is fixed on the transparent cover of the shell or on the bracket, and the spider-like antennae of the bracket are fixed on the base of the shell; or the module rotating mirror on the hollow axis of the hollow axis motor on which the rotating mirror is installed is directly fixed to the base of the shell so that the lens is directly facing the galvanometer; that is, a micromirror, including a plane mirror or a micro-curved mirror, is installed on the frame; the micromirror can rotate along an axis perpendicular to the optical axis under the drive of the horizontal axis motor; the frame axis is directly driven by the micromotor and is in the same direction as the optical axis; for the drive of the micromotor, when the cable lead of the motor needs to pass through the transparent cover of the shell, a transparent wire can be applied to the transparent cover of the shell to avoid blocking the light.

Images