Floating power plant equipment and system

Abstract

A floating power plant apparatus includes: a frame; a first output shaft rotatably coupled to a first side of the frame; at least one floating module coupled to the first output shaft, each of the at least one floating module comprising: a rotor; a driver coupled to the rotor; a first driver coupling the driver to the first output shaft, a first rotation of the rotor relative to the frame being transmittable to the first output shaft through the first driver and the driver; a swing arm coupled between the rotor and the frame; and a second transmission coupling the swing arm to the first output shaft, a second rotation of the swing arm relative to the frame being transmittable to the first output shaft via the second transmission, the first rotation and the second rotation being independently transmittable to the first output shaft.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Singapore application number 10202300483U filed on February 24, 2023, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference into this application for all purposes. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to a power source, a floating power plant device and a floating power plant system. Background Art

[0003] Ocean wave energy is a promising energy source due to its persistent nature. Ocean waves consist of progressive waves (propagating forward along the wave crest line in the horizontal plane) and standing waves (cyclically rising and falling in the form of crests and troughs). The ocean contains approximately 300,000 kilowatts of wave energy per square kilometer of surface water. However, wave power generation equipment typically has low energy collection efficiency and is limited to installation in deep waters. Furthermore, ocean wave power generation equipment operating in deep waters often must withstand harsh operating conditions (such as seawater corrosion and significant wind-water coupling forces) and has high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to one aspect, an apparatus for a floating power plant is disclosed herein. The apparatus includes a frame, a first output shaft rotatably coupled to a first side of the frame, at least one float module coupled to the first output shaft, each of the at least one float module comprising a rotor, a driver coupled to the rotor, a first transmission coupling the driver to the first output shaft to enable a first rotation of the rotor relative to the frame to be transmitted to the first output shaft, a swing arm coupling the rotor to the frame, and a second transmission coupling the swing arm to the first output shaft to enable a second rotation of the swing arm relative to the frame to be transmitted to the first output shaft, wherein the first rotation and the second rotation are independently transmittable to the first output shaft.

[0005] According to another aspect, a system is disclosed, comprising: the apparatus for a floating power plant as described above; and a generator coupled to the first output shaft, the generator being configured to generate electricity from torque of the first output shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Various embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the following drawings:

[0007] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a floating power plant system and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0009] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A Detailed view of

[0010] Figure 3A and Figure 3B is a top view of a device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a system and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 5A is a perspective view of a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 5B yes Figure 5A A top view of

[0014] Figure 6A is a partial perspective view showing an apparatus of a floating module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 6B yes Figure 6A Detailed view of

[0016] Figure 7A is a perspective view of a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 7B yes Figure 7A Detailed view of

[0018] Figure 8 is a partial perspective view of a floating module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a swing arm and a rotor;

[0019] Figure 9A and Figure 9B yes Figure 8 A side view of the rotor;

[0020] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A partially exploded view of the floating module;

[0021] Figure 11 is a perspective view showing a floating module of a first actuator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 12 and Figure 13 When the rotor rotates counterclockwise Figure 11 Detailed view of

[0023] Figure 14 and Figure 15 When the rotor rotates clockwise Figure 11 Detailed view of

[0024] Figure 16A and Figure 16B is a schematic diagram of a torque transmitter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 17A and Figure 17B is a schematic diagram of another torque transmitter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 18A and Figure 18B is a schematic diagram of another torque transmitter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 19 is a perspective view showing a floating module of a second actuator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 20 When the swing arm rotates counterclockwise Figure 19 Detailed view of

[0029] Figure 21 When the swing arm rotates clockwise Figure 19 Detailed view of the . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to illustrate details and embodiments of the present disclosure. Features described in the context of a particular embodiment may also apply to the same or similar features in other embodiments, even if not explicitly described in those other embodiments. Additions and / or combinations and / or alternatives to a feature described in the context of a particular embodiment may also apply to the same or similar features in other embodiments.

[0031] In the context of various embodiments, the articles "a," "an," and "its" when used with respect to features or elements include reference to one or more features or elements.

[0032] In the context of various embodiments, the terms "about" or "approximately" when applied to numerical values ​​include the exact value and reasonable deviations commonly understood in the relevant technical field, for example, within 10% of the specified value.

[0033] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] For the sake of brevity, the term "frame" may be used to refer to any one or more of the terms "base," "structure," "load-bearing structure," "support structure," etc., as will be understood from the context.

[0035] As used herein, the term "transmission device" or "transmission assembly" generally refers to a functional module that constitutes part or all of a device capable of transmitting force (e.g., torque) and / or kinetic energy (e.g., rotational energy / momentum). A transmission device may include one or more types of drive elements, such as mechanical elements such as spur gears or bevel gears, electronic elements such as electric motors, magnetic elements such as electromagnets, hydraulic elements such as hydraulic pumps, and pneumatic elements such as compressed gas pistons. A transmission device may also include one or more coupling elements, such as air bearings, magnetic bearings, one-way bearings, ball bearings, wet clutches, dry clutches, centrifugal clutches, and the like.

[0036] For simplicity, the term "rotor" generally refers to an object that can float on water and rotate about an axis of rotation, without any restrictions on the shape / size / orientation of the object.

[0037] This document discloses a floating power plant device and system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The floating power plant can be implemented as a power source or power supply device for a variety of applications. In some exemplary applications, the device and system can be used as a generator on offshore platforms (such as deep-sea oil drilling platforms) that are typically far from land; in emergency disaster relief operations where existing power generation is unavailable; and on remote islands without readily available electricity.

[0038] In various embodiments, the device and system can improve power generation efficiency while overcoming structural stability issues in ocean waves. In some embodiments, the device can include one or more rotors that can harvest energy from both progressive waves (rotors swinging back and forth) and standing waves (rotors bobbing up and down in place). According to various embodiments, each rotor can be controllably positioned at a depth of 1 / 4 wavelength below the water surface using a wavefront tracking system. Approximately 95% of wave energy resides in the region approximately 1 / 4 wavelength below the water surface, thus significantly improving energy collection efficiency. In some embodiments, the system can be configured as a "multi-legged insect" bionic structure. The system can include balance sensors to automatically adjust forces (reaction and damping forces) on the structure, thereby providing a self-balancing suspension module / mechanism. Such a system can potentially avoid the impact or damage of most destructive ocean waves.

[0039] In various embodiments, the rotors are buoyant or floating rotors coupled to the frame of the device / system via respective swing arms. The rotors and / or swing arms can utilize or capture wave energy from different directions. For example, the rotors can be pushed back and forth by waves, thereby rotating relative to the frame. In other examples, the swing arms can be displaced up and down due to the buoyancy of the respective rotors, thereby rotating relative to the frame. In various embodiments, the rotation of the rotors and / or the rotation of the swing arms can be transmitted to an output shaft to generate electricity. In various embodiments, the rotation of the rotors and / or the rotation of the swing arms can be independently or individually transmitted to the output shaft. In various embodiments, the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the rotors and / or the swing arms can be independently transmitted to the output shaft in a single direction (i.e., clockwise or counterclockwise).

[0040] For ease of understanding and not limitation, various embodiments of a floating power plant system 50 and a floating power plant apparatus 100 will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The system 50 and apparatus 100 may also be referred to as a wave-based power generation system and apparatus. In some embodiments, the system 50 may be a power source for an offshore platform. In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 may be a power source for an offshore platform. For the sake of brevity, various examples related to the system and apparatus will be described below. However, it should be understood that the system 50 and apparatus 100 can be used in a variety of power generation-related applications and are not limited to the specific examples disclosed herein.

[0041] Figures 1 to 2B is a schematic diagram of a power generation system 50 and a device 100 according to various embodiments. The system 50 may include the device 100; a generator 300 for generating electricity from torque generated by the device 100; a wavefront tracking module 400 for locating the device 100 relative to ocean waves; and a self-balancing suspension module 500 for balancing the device 100.

[0042] refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B In various embodiments, the device 100 may include a frame 110 having multiple sides. In some embodiments, the frame 110 may be quadrilateral, such as a square or a rectangle. In other embodiments, for example Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, the frame 110 can be polygonal, such as triangular, hexagonal, or octagonal. In various embodiments, one or more output shafts 120 can be coupled to each side of the frame 110. For example, a first output shaft 120a can be coupled to a first side of the frame 110. One or more floating modules 200 can be coupled to the first output shaft 120a. A second output shaft 120c can be coupled to a second side of the frame 110. One or more floating modules 200 can be coupled to the second output shaft 120c. It will be appreciated that the number of sides of the frame 110, the number of output shafts 120, and the number of floating modules 200 can vary.

[0043] In various embodiments, each output shaft 120 may be coupled to the frame 110 in different directions. In various embodiments, the first output shaft 120a and the second output shaft 120b may be disposed on opposite sides of the frame 110 (e.g., at Figure 1 In the embodiment shown). In other embodiments, the first output shaft 120a and the second output shaft 120b can be arranged adjacent to each other. In some embodiments, the first output shaft 120a and the second output shaft 120b can be perpendicular to each other. In some embodiments, for example Figure 1 and Figure 3A As shown, the first output shaft 120a and the second output shaft 120b can be rotationally symmetric about the central axis 112 of the frame 110. The central axis 112 of the frame 110 can be transverse to the main surface 111 of the frame 110. The central axis 112 can be aligned with the center of mass of the frame 110. Alternatively, the central axis 112 can be aligned with the center of mass of the floating power plant 100.

[0044] refer to Figure 2B In various embodiments, floating module 200 may include a rotor 210, a driver 216 coupled to rotor 210, and a first transmission 230 coupling driver 216 to output shaft 120. In some embodiments, a first rotation 211 of rotor 210 relative to frame 110 may be transmitted to output shaft 120 via driver 216 and first transmission 230. First transmission 230 may be coupled to driver 216 and output shaft 120. First rotation 211 may be defined as a rotation of rotor 210 relative to frame 110. For example, first rotation 211 may be defined as a rotation of rotor 210 about an axis parallel to output shaft 120, where output shaft 120 is fixed or stationary relative to frame 110. Thus, driver 216 and first transmission 230 may directly transmit first rotation 211 of rotor 210 to output shaft 120. In other embodiments, driver 216 may be a drive shaft, a belt drive, a pulley system, a gear train, or other form of torque drive.

[0045] In various embodiments, each floating module 200 may further include a swing arm 220 disposed between the rotor 210 and the frame 110; and a second transmission 240 coupling the swing arm 220 to the output shaft 120. In some embodiments, a second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 relative to the frame 110 may be transmitted to the output shaft 120 via the second transmission 240. The second transmission 240 may be coupled to the swing arm 220 and the output shaft 120. The second rotation 221 may be defined as a rotation of the swing arm 220 relative to the frame 110. For example, the second rotation 221 may be defined as a rotation of the swing arm 220 about an axis defined by the output shaft 120. Thus, the second transmission 240 may directly transmit the second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 to the first output shaft 120.

[0046] Therefore, in various embodiments, the first rotation 211 and the second rotation 221 can be independently transmitted to the output shaft 120. In other words, the first rotation 211 of the rotor 210 can be transmitted to the output shaft 120 independently of the second rotation 211 of the swing arm 220. The independent transmission of the first rotation 211 and the second rotation 221 allows for efficient utilization of wave energy because the rotation of the rotor 210 and the swing arm 220 does not interfere with or cause disturbances to each other and can therefore be fully transmitted to the first output shaft 120. This contrasts with conventional systems, in which the rotation of the conventional rotor is first transmitted to the arm, causing a corresponding rotation of the arm, before being transmitted to the output shaft. In conventional systems, the rotation of the conventional rotor may hinder or interfere with the continued rotation of the swing arm. For example, clockwise rotation of the conventional rotor may be transmitted to the arm as counterclockwise torque / rotation. However, the swing arm may also experience clockwise rotation, so the rotation of the conventional rotor may hinder the rotation of the swing arm. Therefore, it can be understood that when the rotation of the conventional rotor and the swing arm oppose each other, only a portion of the conventional rotor's rotation can be transmitted and utilized by the conventional system.

[0047] In various embodiments, the first rotation 211 of the rotor 210 and the second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 are independently transmitted to the output shaft 120 in a common output direction. In other words, regardless of the direction of the first rotation 211, i.e., whether clockwise or counterclockwise, the first rotation 211 can be transmitted to the output shaft 120 in a common output direction (e.g., clockwise) via the first transmission 230. Similarly, regardless of the direction of the second rotation 221, i.e., whether clockwise or counterclockwise, the second rotation 221 can be transmitted to the output shaft 120 in a common output direction via the second transmission 240. In some embodiments, each of the first rotation 211 and the second rotation 221 can include both clockwise and counterclockwise rotations.

[0048] In some embodiments, multiple floating modules 200 can be coupled to an output shaft 120. Each of the floating modules 200's rotors 210 and swing arms 220 can rotate independently relative to the frame 110. In other words, the first rotation 211 and second rotation 221 of each floating module 200 can be independently transmitted to the output shaft 120. This enables the floating modules 200 to capture the majority of ocean wave motion, achieving efficient wave energy utilization. Each output shaft 120 (e.g., first output shaft 120a, second output shaft 120c, etc.) can be coupled to one or more floating modules 200. Each output shaft 120 can be coupled to one or more swing arms 220. Each swing arm 220 can be coupled to one or more rotors 210.

[0049] In some embodiments, in the system 50, the generator 300 can be coupled to all or selected portions of one or more output shafts 120, such that the generator 300 is configured to generate electricity from the torque of the one or more output shafts 120 coupled to the generator 300. For example, the angular displacement / rotation / momentum of any one or more output shafts 120 can drive the generation of electricity by one of the generators 300.

[0050] Figures 4 to 7B An exemplary embodiment of a floating power plant system 50 is shown. In some embodiments, system 50 is a power source for an offshore platform. System 50 may include a device 100; and a generator 300 configured to generate electricity from the torque generated by device 100. System 50 may include a wavefront tracking module 400 configured relative to wave positioning device 100; a self-balancing suspension module 500 configured to balance device 100; and / or a mooring module 600. Mooring module 600 may include an anchor cable 620 coupling an anchor 610 to frame 110. Anchor 610 may be displaced via anchor cable 620. For example, anchor 610 may be lowered via anchor cable 620 and placed on the seafloor to secure system 50 in the sea. In some embodiments, generator 300 may include a power transmission cable 310 for transmitting the electricity generated by generator 300 to the offshore platform. In other embodiments, power transmission cable 310 may be used to power electric devices or charge batteries in a marine vessel. In some embodiments, power transmission cable 310 may be disposed within anchor cable 620. In some embodiments, a tensioning device 630 may be provided within anchor 610 to allow system / device 50 / 100 to be displaced within a predetermined area, such as a predetermined area in the ocean. For example, tensioning device 630 may be an elastic member / spring coupled to anchor cable 620. This allows anchor cable 620 to be extended or retracted within a predetermined operational length. The provision of tensioning device 630 allows system / device 50 / 100 to be displaced / moved / floated with a certain degree of flexibility within a predetermined area, thereby preventing damage that could be caused by large or destructive waves.

[0051] In various embodiments, the apparatus 100 may include a quadrilateral frame 110 having four sides. Each output shaft 120 (e.g., first output shaft 120a / second output shaft 120b / third output shaft 120c / fourth output shaft 120d) may be coupled to a respective side of the frame 110. Each output shaft 120 (e.g., first output shaft 120a / second output shaft 120b / third output shaft 120c / fourth output shaft 120d) may be coupled to a plurality of floating modules 200. In some examples, referring to Figure 5AEach output shaft 120 (120a / 120b / 120c / 120d) is coupled to five floating modules 200. In some embodiments, an equal number of floating modules 200 can be provided on each side of the frame 110. In some embodiments, selected portions of the output shafts 120a / 120c can be perpendicular to the other output shafts 120b / 120d. In some embodiments, selected portions of the output shafts 120a / 120c can be parallel to each other. Similarly, other portions of the output shafts 120b / 120d can be parallel to each other.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5B In this example, one output shaft 120a can be coupled to another output shaft 120b via bevel gears disposed at the ends of adjacent output shafts 120a / 120b. Similarly, output shaft 120b can be coupled to output shaft 120c via bevel gears disposed at the ends of adjacent output shafts 120b / 120c. Furthermore, another output shaft 120c can be coupled to another output shaft 120d via bevel gears disposed at the ends of output shafts 120c / 120d. In this example, the rotation / torque of output shaft 120d can be transmitted to output shaft 120a.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figure 6A and Figure 6B , the first output shaft 120a can be coupled to the generator 300 via the bevel gear pair 322 / 324. This allows the rotation / torque of any one or more output shafts 120a / 120b / 120c / 120d to be transmitted to the generator 300 to generate electricity. In some embodiments, each floating module 200 may include multiple rotors 210 and respective swing arms 220. In some embodiments, the rotors 210 and swing arms 220 can rotate independently of each other, and as shown in FIG. Figure 6A As shown, the floating modules 200 can rotate independently relative to the frame 110. This enables each floating module 200 to capture a large portion of the waves, thereby achieving efficient wave energy utilization.

[0054] In some embodiments, a wavefront tracking module 400 can be coupled to the frame 110. The wavefront tracking module 400 can be coupled to the geometric center of the frame 110. The wavefront tracking module 400 can include a fluid storage tank and a fluid pump in fluid communication with the fluid storage tank. The fluid pump can change the fluid level in the fluid storage tank to change the weight of the system 50. This enables the rotor 210 to be positioned at a preferred depth of approximately 1 / 4 wavelength below the water surface. In some embodiments, the wavefront tracking module 400 can also include a wavelength discriminator 410. The wavelength discriminator 410 can be configured to determine the wavelength of a wave, such as an incident wave (a wave impacting the system 50), and control the fluid pump to change the fluid level in response to the wavelength of the incident wave. In some embodiments, the wavelength discriminator 410 can be configured to automatically identify the wavelength of ocean waves and, in response, determine the average immersion depth (also known as the average penetration depth) of the rotor 210 in the seawater. The average immersion depth can be calculated based on the weight of the system 50 and the weight of the water displaced by the rotor 210. The counterweight of the water storage tank and the penetration depth of the rotor 210 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0055] In some examples, wavelength discriminator 410 can be configured to achieve more efficient wave energy collection. For example, wavelength discriminator 410 can be configured to determine that the incident wave has a small / short wavelength and the depth of the high wave energy region is shallow. In response, the weight of system 50 can be reduced. This can be accomplished by draining water from the fluid storage tank by a fluid pump to reduce the penetration depth of rotor 120 and reposition rotor 10 in the high wave energy region. In other examples, wavelength discriminator 410 can be configured to determine that the incident wave has a large wavelength and the depth of the high wave energy region is deep. In response, the weight of system 50 can be increased. This can be accomplished by pumping water into the fluid storage tank by a fluid pump to increase the penetration depth of rotor 120 and reposition the rotor in the high wave energy region.

[0056] refer to Figure 7A and Figure 7B In some embodiments, the self-balancing suspension module 500 can include a balance sensor 510 coupled to the frame. In addition, a corresponding damper 520 can be coupled between the frame 110 and each swing arm 220. In some embodiments, the damping force of each damper 520 can be adjusted in response to measurements from the balance sensor 510. In some examples, the measurements can include any one or a combination of the following: the position, orientation, angular position, angular orientation, tilt, etc. of the frame 110.

[0057] In some embodiments, the damper 520 can be a hydraulic damper that provides a respective elastic restoring force to the floating module 200, including the rotor 210 and the swing arm 220. Under the weight of the device 100, the extension stroke of the hydraulic damper can be equal to the compression stroke. Because the weight of the system 50 can be variable (e.g., via a fluid pump and a fluid reservoir), the forces acting on the frame 110 and each swing arm 220 can also be variable. In some embodiments, the reaction force on the hydraulic damper can be adjusted to maintain the extension stroke equal to the compression stroke.

[0058] When the rotor 210 floats up and down rapidly, the damping force of the hydraulic damper can be higher to reduce vibration and prevent damage caused by the rapid swinging of the swing arm 220 relative to the frame 110. In this case, the hydraulic damper can be configured to behave as a "rigid" damper. When the rotor 210 floats up and down slowly, the damping force of the hydraulic damper can be relatively low. In this case, the hydraulic damper can behave as a "flexible" damper. This reduces the damping of wave energy by the damper 520, thereby improving the level of energy capture / harvesting for power generation.

[0059] In some embodiments, when ocean waves rapidly or intensely move up and down, one of the rotors may become submerged in the seawater or lifted off the surface. This results in an unbalanced force on the frame 110, causing the frame 110 / device 100 to tilt. The damping force of the dampers 520 can be automatically and dynamically adjusted in real time. For example, in response to attitude information from the balance sensor 510, the attitude of the frame 110 (relative to the water surface) can be adjusted accordingly. The mechanical properties of the dampers 520, the rotation range of the swing arm 220, and the initial position of the swing arm 220 can be adjusted according to specific circumstances. Although ocean waves and standing waves are often transient and unpredictable, the combined effects of the waves can be observed through the balance state of the device 100. By monitoring the device's attitude (relative to the water surface) in real time and adjusting each damper 520 on the swing arm 220 via the balance sensor 510, it is possible to provide a buffer against the forces from the waves and reduce or prevent potential damage to the device 100.

[0060] Figures 8 to 10Various embodiments of a floating module 200 are shown. The floating module 200 may include a pair of rotors 210a / 210b coupled to a swing arm 220. In other embodiments, the number of rotors may vary depending on power generation / consumption requirements. The rotors 210a / 210b may be coupled to each other via a rotor shaft 212. In some embodiments, the pair of rotors 210a / 210b may rotate synchronously relative to the swing arm 220 about a rotor shaft 219. Furthermore, the swing arm 220 may rotate relative to the frame 110 about a swing axis 229, which is parallel to the rotor shaft 219. In some embodiments, the rotors 210a / 210b may rotate with the swing arm 220 via the rotor shaft 212. The rotor shaft 219 may be parallel to or aligned with the rotor shaft 212. In some embodiments, the rotors 210a / 210b may be symmetrically disposed at both ends of the rotor shaft 212. In some embodiments, the rotor shaft 212 may be rotatably coupled to the distal end 220a of the swing arm 220. In some examples, the end 220a of the swing arm 220 can provide a pair of bearings 224 coupled to the rotor shaft 212, so that the rotor shaft 212 and the rotors 210a / 210b can rotate with minimal friction. In some embodiments, the other end 220b of the swing arm 220 can similarly provide a pair of bearings 226 for coupling to the frame 110.

[0061] Figure 9A and Figure 9B An exemplary embodiment of a rotor 210 is shown. The rotor may include one or more hollow rotor bodies, each of which has a teardrop-shaped cross section 210c ( Figure 9B The rotor is viewed from the front ( Figure 9A ) can be an irregular trapezoid, and in the side view ( Figure 9B ) has a teardrop-shaped cross-section 210c. The curved surface of the teardrop-shaped cross-section 210c improves the energy collection efficiency of the forward wave. The hollow rotor body provides buoyancy for the device 100. The rotor can be coupled to a rotor shaft 212. As used herein, the term "teardrop-shaped cross-section" refers to a cross-sectional shape comprising a convex wider end connected to the narrow end by a relatively narrow neck, wherein the neck is defined by opposing concave surfaces. Figure 9BAn example of a teardrop-shaped cross section is shown. Teardrop-shaped cross section 210c may include a narrow end 211 and a wide end 213. Wide end 213 is at least partially defined by a convex surface. Narrow end 211 and wide end 213 may be connected by a neck defined at least partially by opposing concave surfaces. In some embodiments, teardrop-shaped cross section 210c may be symmetrical about a central axis 214 passing through the center of mass of the hollow rotor body. Teardrop-shaped cross section 210c may be parallel to the plane of rotation of rotor 210 or the rotation of rotor 210. Teardrop-shaped cross section 210c may be transverse to rotor axis 212 / rotor axis 219. Together with rotor axis 212, rotor 210 may rotate clockwise and counterclockwise about rotor axis 219. In some embodiments, floating module 200 may further include a drive, such as a drive shaft 216 coupled to rotors 210a / 210b via rotor shaft 212. Drive shaft 216 may be used to transmit rotation or torque from rotor 210 to output shaft 120. The drive shaft 216 may include respective bevel gears 218 / 219 secured to opposite ends 216a / 216b of the drive shaft. Additionally, a bevel gear 214 may be provided, coupled or secured to the rotor shaft 212. The bevel gear 214 of the rotor shaft 212 may mesh with the bevel gear 218 secured to the end 216a of the drive shaft 216. This enables the bevel gears 214 / 218 to move / rotate synchronously, allowing rotation of the rotors 210a / 210b (e.g., back and forth swinging motion of the rotors 210a / 210b) to be directly transmitted to the drive shaft 216. In some embodiments, the drive shaft 216 may extend parallel to the length of the swing arm 220. The term "parallel" should be understood to include both parallel and substantially parallel within the ranges / tolerances accepted in the relevant art. In alternative embodiments, the drive shaft 216 may form an oblique angle with the swing arm 220 while still allowing the drive shaft 216 and the swing arm 220 to swing / rotate relative to the output shaft 120.

[0062] In some embodiments, the drive shaft 216 can be disposed within the interior of the swing arm 220 to conserve space. In some embodiments, the drive shaft 216 can be disposed within the receiving space 222 of the swing arm 220. A cover can be provided to protect the drive shaft 216 from the external environment and to provide protection for the drive shaft 216. In some embodiments, the drive shaft 216 can be transverse to the output shaft 120. In other embodiments, the drive 216 can be a belt drive, a pulley system, or other form of torque drive.

[0063] refer to Figures 11 to 15In various embodiments, the floating module 200 may further include a first transmission 230 that couples the rotor 210a / 210b to the output shaft 120. In other words, the first transmission 230 couples as part of a torque / rotation transmission path between the rotor 210a / 210b and the output shaft 120. In some examples, the first transmission 230 may be fixed to the frame 110. The first transmission 230 may be configured to transmit a first rotation 211 of the rotor 210a / 210b relative to the frame 110 to the output shaft 120. In some embodiments, the first rotation 211 of the rotor 210a / 210b may be transmitted to the output shaft 120 via a transmission path including the bevel gear 214, the drive shaft 216, and the first transmission 230.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first transmission 230 may include a pair of torque transmitters. These torque transmitters may include a gear 236 and a gear 238 that rotate in opposite directions. In some embodiments, these torque transmitters may include a first gear train 231 having gears 232 / 236 and a second gear train 233 having gears 234 / 238. In some embodiments, gear 232 of the first gear train 231 and gear 234 of the second gear train 233 may be positioned on opposite sides of the bevel gear 219 of the drive shaft 216 and mesh therewith. In operation, gears 232 and 234 may rotate in opposite directions when driven by the drive shaft 216. This drives gears 236 / 238 to rotate in opposite directions. In some embodiments, gears 232 / 234 may include a tapered portion and a straight portion. Alternatively, gears 232 / 234 may be a combination of bevel and spur gears. Gears 232 / 234 may be positioned on opposite sides of the bevel gear 219 in a mirror-image configuration. This allows the rotation of bevel gear 219 to drive gears 232 / 234, which in turn drive respective gears 236 / 238. In some embodiments, gears 236 / 238 may be spur gears.

[0065] In some embodiments, the auxiliary shaft 130 may be spaced apart from the output shaft 120. The auxiliary shaft 130 may extend parallel to the output shaft 120. The gears 232 / 234 may be coupled to the auxiliary shaft 130 via respective bearings.

[0066] In some embodiments, the gear 236 of the first gear train 231 and the gear 238 of the second gear train 233 can be coupled to the output shaft 120 via respective one-way couplings 235 / 237. In some embodiments, the one-way couplings 235 / 237 can allow the gears 236 / 238 to rotate relative to the output shaft 120 in a free-spinning direction (e.g., clockwise). Furthermore, the one-way couplings can resist rotation of the gears 236 / 238 in an output direction opposite to the free-spinning direction (e.g., counterclockwise). A one-way coupling can be a configuration or device that allows the gears 236 / 238 to rotate relative to the output shaft 120 in only one direction (e.g., clockwise) but not in the opposite direction (e.g., counterclockwise). In some embodiments, the one-way couplings 235 / 237 can be one-way bearings 235 / 237. In some examples, one-way bearings 235 / 237 may allow gears 236 / 238 to rotate clockwise relative to output shaft 120 , but restrict gears 236 / 238 from rotating counterclockwise relative to output shaft 120 .

[0067] refer to Figure 16A and Figure 16B As an illustration, when each gear 236 / 238 attempts to rotate counterclockwise relative to the output shaft 120, the rotation / torque of the gears 236 / 238 is transmitted from the gears 236 / 238 to the output shaft 120 via the respective one-way bearings 235 / 237 because the one-way bearings 235 / 237 limit or restrict the relative rotation between the gears 236 / 238 and the output shaft 120. Furthermore, because the gears 236 / 238 are allowed to freely rotate clockwise relative to the output shaft 120, no torque / rotation is transmitted from the gears 236 / 238 to the output shaft 120 via the respective one-way bearings 235 / 237. In other embodiments, the one-way coupling may be a clutch or other alternative configuration.

[0068] Figure 12 and Figure 13 The operation of the first transmission 230 is shown, wherein the first rotation 211 direction of the rotor 210 is a first direction, for example, counterclockwise in the right side view. The first rotation 211 can be transmitted from the rotor shaft 212 to the drive shaft 216 ( Figure 13 ) and is transmitted from the drive shaft to the output shaft 120 through the first transmission 230 ( Figure 12During operation of the floating module 200, the counterclockwise rotation 211 of the rotor 210 drives the meshing bevel gear 214 to rotate. The rotation of the bevel gear 214 drives the bevel gear 218 of the drive shaft 216, which rotates the drive shaft 216. The rotation of the drive shaft 216 causes the bevel gear 219 to drive the gears 232 / 234 of the first transmission 230, which are located on opposite sides of the bevel gear 219. It can be noted that the gears 232 / 234 are driven to rotate in opposite directions. The rotation of the gears 232 / 234 drives the respective gears 236 / 238 in each gear train. It can also be noted that the gears 236 / 238 also rotate in opposite directions relative to the output shaft 120. Because the one-way bearing 235 resists the counterclockwise rotation of the gear 236 relative to the output shaft 120, torque / rotation is transmitted from the gear 236 to the output shaft 120. In contrast, the one-way bearing 237 allows the gear 238 to rotate freely relative to the output shaft 120 during clockwise rotation. Therefore, no clockwise torque / rotation is transferred from gear 238 to the output shaft 120 .

[0069] Figure 14 and Figure 15 The operation of the first transmission 230 is shown, wherein the first rotation 211 direction of the rotor 210 is in the second direction, for example, clockwise from the right side perspective. The first rotation 211 can be transmitted from the rotor shaft 212 to the drive shaft 216 ( Figure 15 ) and is transmitted from the drive shaft to the output shaft 120 through the first transmission 230 ( Figure 14 During operation of floating module 200, clockwise rotation 211 of rotor 210 drives the meshing bevel gear 214 to rotate. The rotation of bevel gear 214 drives bevel gear 218 of drive shaft 216, which in turn rotates drive shaft 216. The rotation of drive shaft 216 causes bevel gear 219 to drive gears 232 / 234 of first transmission 230, located on opposite sides of bevel gear 219. The rotation of gears 232 / 234 drives respective gears 236 / 238 in each gear train. Because one-way bearing 237 resists counterclockwise rotation of gear 238 relative to output shaft 120, the torque / rotation of gear 238 is transmitted from gear 238 to output shaft 120. In contrast, one-way bearing 235 allows gear 236 to rotate freely relative to output shaft 120 during clockwise rotation. Therefore, no clockwise torque / rotation is transmitted from gear 236 to output shaft 120.

[0070] It can be understood that because the one-way bearings 235 / 237 allow free rotation in the clockwise direction, most or almost all of the torque in the first rotation 211 (whether in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction) can be efficiently transmitted to the output shaft 120 as counterclockwise torque. Therefore, the first transmission 230 can efficiently transmit the torque / rotation of the rotor 210 as torque to drive the output shaft 120.

[0071] exist 16A to 16B In each of the illustrated embodiments, the torque transmitters 236 / 238 may be configured as one or more gears or gear trains. 17A to 17B In other embodiments shown, the torque transmitter 231 / 233 can be configured as a pulley assembly / configuration or a belt drive. 18A to 18B In the further embodiment shown, the torque transmitter 231 / 233 may be configured as a rack and pinion transmission.

[0072] refer to Figures 19 to 21 In various embodiments, the floating module 200 may further include a second transmission 240 coupling the swing arm 220 to the output shaft 120. In other words, the second transmission 240 is coupled as part of a torque / rotation transmission path between the swing arm 220 and the output shaft 120. The second transmission 240 may be configured to transmit a second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 relative to the frame 110 to the output shaft 120. In some embodiments, the second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 may be transmitted to the output shaft 120 via the first transmission 230 through the transmission path.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second transmission 240 may include a pair of torque transmitters. The pair of torque transmitters may include a gear 246 and a gear 248 that rotate in opposite directions. In some embodiments, the pair of torque transmitters may include a third gear train 241 having gears 242 / 246 and a fourth gear train 243 having gears 244 / 248 / 249. In some embodiments, the third gear train 241 and the fourth gear train 243 may be disposed on opposite sides of the swing arm 220 and coupled thereto. In some embodiments, the gear 242 of the first gear train 241 and the gear 244 of the second gear train 243 are both fixedly coupled to the swing arm 220 such that rotation of the swing arm synchronizes with rotation of the gears 242 / 244. Gears 242 and 244 may rotate in the same direction as the swing arm 220. In some embodiments, the gears 242 / 244 / 246 / 248 / 249 may be spur gears.

[0074] In some embodiments, gears 242 / 244 can be rotatably coupled to the auxiliary shaft 130, while gears 246 / 248 can be coupled to the output shaft 120. In some embodiments, a pair of bearings 226 can be coupled between the swing arm 220 and the auxiliary shaft 130, allowing the swing arm 220 to rotate smoothly and efficiently relative to the auxiliary shaft 130. In some embodiments, a support shaft 140 can be provided that is coupled to the frame 110. Gear 249 can be rotatably coupled to the support shaft 140 to "reverse" or "invert" the direction of rotation so that gears 244 / 248 rotate in the same direction. This allows gears 246 and 248 to rotate in opposite directions when driven by the second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220. In other embodiments, other transmission configurations can be provided so that gears 246 / 248 rotate in opposite directions.

[0075] In some embodiments, the gear 246 of the first gear train 241 and the gear 248 of the second gear train 243 can be coupled to the output shaft 120 via respective one-way couplings 245 / 247. In some embodiments, the one-way couplings 245 / 247 can allow the gears 246 / 248 (torque transmitters) to rotate in a free-spinning direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to the output shaft 120. Furthermore, the one-way couplings 245 / 247 can resist rotation of the gears 246 / 248 in an output direction opposite to the free-spinning direction (e.g., counterclockwise).

[0076] Figure 20 The operation of second transmission 240 is illustrated, wherein the second rotation 221 of swing arm 220 is in a first direction, for example, counterclockwise from the right side perspective. Second rotation 221 can be transmitted from swing arm 220 to output shaft 120 via second transmission 240. During operation of floating module 200, counterclockwise rotation 221 of swing arm 220 drives gears 242 / 244 to rotate counterclockwise. Counterclockwise rotation of gear 242 drives gear 246 to rotate clockwise. Similarly, counterclockwise rotation of gear 244 drives gear 249 to rotate clockwise. Furthermore, clockwise rotation of gear 249 drives gear 248 to rotate counterclockwise. It can be noted that gears 246 / 248 are driven to rotate in opposite directions, while gears 242 / 244 are driven to rotate in the same direction by swing arm 220. This is due to the provision of gear 249, which "reverses" or "inverts" the direction of rotation, causing gears 244 / 248 to rotate in the same direction. Similar to first transmission 230, torque / rotation is transferred from gear 246 to output shaft 120 because one-way bearing 245 resists counterclockwise rotation of gear 246 relative to output shaft 120. In contrast, one-way bearing 247 allows gear 248 to rotate freely in the clockwise direction relative to output shaft 120. Therefore, no clockwise torque / rotation is transferred from gear 248 to output shaft 120.

[0077] Figure 21 The operation of the second transmission 240 is illustrated, with the second rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 in a second direction, for example, clockwise from the right side. The second rotation 221 can be transmitted from the swing arm 220 to the output shaft 120 via the second transmission 240. During operation of the floating module 200, the clockwise rotation 221 of the swing arm 220 drives gears 242 / 244 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of gear 242 drives gear 246 to rotate counterclockwise. Similarly, the clockwise rotation of gear 244 drives gear 249 to rotate counterclockwise. Furthermore, the counterclockwise rotation of gear 249 drives gear 248 to rotate clockwise. It can be noted that gears 246 / 248 are driven to rotate in opposite directions. Because the one-way bearing 247 resists counterclockwise rotation of gear 248 relative to the output shaft 120, torque / rotation is transmitted from gear 248 to the output shaft 120. In contrast, one-way bearing 245 allows gear 246 to rotate freely in a clockwise direction relative to output shaft 120. Therefore, no clockwise torque / rotation is transferred from gear 246 to output shaft 120.

[0078] Because the one-way bearings 245 / 247 allow free rotation in the clockwise direction, most or almost all of the torque in the second rotation 221 (whether in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction) can be efficiently transmitted as counterclockwise torque to the output shaft 120. Therefore, the second transmission 240 can efficiently transmit the torque / rotation of the swing arm 220 as torque to drive the output shaft 120.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first and second transmissions 230, 240 can be coupled to the same auxiliary shaft 130. In various embodiments, the first transmission 230 can be coupled between the auxiliary shaft 130 and the first output shaft 120, and the second transmission 240 can be coupled between the auxiliary shaft 130 and the first output shaft 120. This allows the drive shaft 216 and the swing arm 220 to rotate synchronously relative to the frame 110. This can be achieved by configuring the auxiliary shaft 130 as a common pivot axis for the drive shaft 216 and the swing arm 220. Furthermore, since the drive shaft 216 and the swing arm can rotate relative to the frame 110 about a common pivot axis, space savings are achieved while allowing the first and second rotations 211, 221 to be independently transmitted from their respective rotors 210 and swing arms 220 to the output shaft 120.

[0080] It will be appreciated that various one-way couplings allow torque / rotation to be transmitted to the output shaft 120 in a single direction (e.g., counterclockwise). Advantageously, the rotation of the output shaft does not affect the position / rotation of the various swing arms and rotors coupled to the output shaft. This enables efficient, one-way torque-rotation transmission from the swing arms and rotors to the output shaft, but not vice versa. Furthermore, the one-way coupling can also be configured in the opposite direction, such that the free rotation direction is counterclockwise and the output direction is clockwise. This allows torque / rotation to be transmitted to the output shaft 120 in a clockwise direction.

[0081] In embodiments where multiple floating modules 200 are coupled to the output shaft 120, the torque / rotation of the rotor 210 and the swing arm 220 can be independently transferred to the output shaft 120. In embodiments where multiple output shafts are present, the torque of one output shaft can be transferred to another output shaft, such as Figure 5B Therefore, the power generated from the output shaft can be contributed individually and independently by the rotation / torque of each rotor 210 and swing arm 220.

[0082] All examples described herein, whether devices, methods, materials or products, are provided for the purpose of illustration and aiding understanding and are not intended to be limiting or exhaustive. Modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention claimed.

Claims

1. An apparatus for a floating power plant, comprising: frame; a first output shaft rotatably coupled to a first side of the frame; At least one floating module, the at least one floating module coupled to the first output shaft, each of the at least one floating module comprising: rotor; a driver coupled to the rotor; a first transmission coupling the driver to the first output shaft to enable a first rotation of the rotor relative to the frame to be transmitted to the first output shaft; a swing arm coupling the rotor to the frame; and a second transmission coupling the swing arm to the first output shaft so as to enable a second rotation of the swing arm relative to the frame to be transmitted to the first output shaft; The first rotation and the second rotation can be independently transmitted to the first output shaft.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first rotation and the second rotation are transmitted to the first output shaft in a common output direction.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first rotation and the second rotation comprises a clockwise rotation and a counterclockwise rotation.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the rotor is rotatable relative to the swing arm about a rotor axis, the swing arm is rotatable relative to the frame about a swing axis, and wherein the rotor axis is parallel to the swing axis.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the rotor comprises at least one hollow rotor body, wherein each of the at least one hollow rotor body comprises a respective teardrop-shaped cross section, and wherein the teardrop-shaped cross section is parallel to the rotational plane of the first rotation.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the teardrop-shaped cross section is symmetrical about a central axis passing through a respective mass center of the at least one hollow rotor body.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first transmission comprises a pair of first torque transmitters coupled to the first output shaft, the pair of first torque transmitters rotating in opposite directions in response to the first rotation, wherein the pair of first torque transmitters are coupled to the first output shaft via respective pairs of first one-way couplings, and wherein each of the pair of first torque transmitters is capable of rotating in a free-spinning direction relative to the first output shaft.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the driver includes a first drive shaft transverse to the first output shaft, the first rotation of the rotor being transferable from the rotor to the pair of torque transmitters via the first drive shaft.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first drive shaft extends parallel to the length of the swing arm.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first drive shaft includes a first bevel gear coupled to a distal end of the first drive shaft, and wherein the pair of torque transmitters includes a pair of gear trains disposed on opposite sides of the first bevel gear, the pair of gear trains meshing with the first bevel gear. 11 . The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the first driving shaft further comprises a second bevel gear coupled to the other end of the first driving shaft, the second bevel gear coupled to the rotor to transmit the first rotation to the first driving shaft.

12. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the pair of first one-way couplings comprises a pair of one-way bearings, wherein each of the pair of first one-way bearings is configured to resist relative rotation between the respective first torque transmitter and the first output shaft in an output direction, the output direction being opposite to the free rotation direction.

13. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the second transmission comprises a pair of second torque transmitters coupled to the first output shaft, the pair of second torque transmitters rotating in opposite directions in response to the second rotation, wherein the pair of second torque transmitters are coupled to the second output shaft via respective pairs of second one-way couplings, and wherein each of the pair of second torque transmitters is capable of rotating in a free-spinning direction relative to the first output shaft.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the pair of second one-way couplings comprises a pair of one-way bearings, and wherein each of the pair of second one-way bearings is configured to resist relative rotation between the respective second torque transmitter and the first output shaft in an output direction, and wherein the output direction is opposite to the free rotation direction.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an auxiliary shaft coupled to the frame, wherein the first transmission couples the auxiliary shaft to the first output shaft, and wherein the second transmission couples the auxiliary shaft to the first output shaft.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second output shaft rotatably coupled to the other side of the frame; at least one floating module coupled to the second output shaft; and a shaft coupling, wherein the torque on the first output shaft can be transmitted to the second output shaft through the shaft coupling.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first output shaft and the second output shaft are rotationally symmetric about a central axis of the frame, the central axis of the frame being transverse to a major face of the frame.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first output shaft and the second output shaft are disposed on opposite sides of the frame.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first output shaft and the second output shaft are disposed perpendicular to each other.

20. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of float modules coupled to the first output shaft, wherein respective rotors of the plurality of float modules and respective swing arms of the plurality of float modules are independently rotatable relative to the frame.

21. A system comprising: The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20; as well as A generator is coupled to the first output shaft, the generator being configured to generate electricity from the torque of the first output shaft.

22. The system of claim 21, further comprising: Self-balancing suspension module, including: a balance sensor coupled to the frame; and a respective damper coupled between the frame and each of the swing arms, Wherein the damping force of each of the respective dampers is adjustable in response to a measurement of the self-balancing sensor.

23. The system of claim 21, further comprising: A wavefront tracking module coupled to the frame, the wavefront tracking module comprising: fluid storage tanks; and a fluid pump in fluid communication with the fluid storage tank, Wherein, the fluid pump is configured to change the fluid level in the fluid storage tank to change the weight of the system.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the wavefront tracking module further comprises: A wavelength discriminator is arranged to determine a wavelength of the wave, wherein the fluid pump is arranged to vary the fluid level in response to the wavelength.

25. The system of claim 21, further comprising: a mooring module coupled to the frame, the mooring module comprising: anchor; an anchor cable coupling the anchor to the frame, wherein the anchor is displaceable by the anchor cable; a power transmission cable disposed inside the anchor cable; and A tensioning device is provided inside the anchor to allow displacement of the device within a predetermined area.

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