Adjusting system for timepiece movement

Abstract

There is described an adjustment system (150) for a timepiece movement (300), comprising: a frame (6); -an assembly balance (4) pivoting about a geometric axis (A4) relative to the frame (6); -an elastic return system (1, 2, 3) for connecting the assembled balance (4) to the frame (6) such that the assembled balance (4) and the elastic return system (1, 2, 3) form an oscillator (100), the invention relates to an elastic return system (1, 2, 3) comprising:-a first elastic return element in the form of a first hairspring (1) having a first stiffness k1,-a second elastic return element (2) having a second stiffness k2, and-a third elastic return element (3) having a third stiffness k3, the first elastic return element (1) and the second elastic return element (2) being mounted in series between an assembly balance (4) and a frame (6), and the third elastic return element (3) and the second elastic return element (2) are mounted in parallel on the frame (6) and the first elastic return element (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an adjustment system for a timepiece movement. It also relates to a device for varying the stiffness of an elastic return element. It also relates to a timepiece movement comprising such an adjustment system or such a device for varying the stiffness. Finally, the present invention relates to a timepiece comprising such a timepiece movement, such an adjustment system, or such a device for varying the stiffness. Background Art

[0002] A mechanical timepiece movement generally has an oscillator in the form of an assembly consisting of an inertial element and an elastic return element, in particular a balance wheel and a balance spring.

[0003] In order for this assembly to constitute a sufficiently precise time basis to ensure the correct operation of the movement, devices for adjusting the inertial element or the elastic return element are used. These devices may, for example, be adjustment devices for varying the inertia of the inertial element, or devices for acting on the stiffness of the elastic return element. In particular, the inertial element may be equipped with an inertia block or an adjustment screw that can be moved to allow for fine adjustments of the movement rate, on the order of a few seconds or tens of seconds per day. For example, these inertia blocks can be adjusted by the watchmaker when the inertial element, and more specifically, when the movement, is stationary. Alternatively or additionally, the stiffness of the elastic return element can be adjusted by varying the effective length of the element, for example, using an indicator. While this system offers the advantage of being adjustable while the inertial element is in motion, it does not allow for sufficiently precise adjustments comparable to those provided by moving the inertial block or adjustment screw of the inertial element.

[0004] Patent application EP4006648 relates to a device for adjusting the effective length of a first elastic return element coupled to an inertia element, characterized by being directly integrated into the first elastic return element. Specifically, the document discloses a first elastic return element in the form of a hairspring, the outer end of which includes a set of elastic elements. These elastic elements are designed to precisely move a clamp relative to the distal end of the hairspring's outer end. Thus, the effective length of the hairspring can be adjusted by varying the ratio k / I (where k is the hairspring's stiffness and I is the balance's inertia), thereby changing the hairspring's stiffness and, consequently, the frequency of the oscillator (i.e., the inertia element / hairspring assembly). However, this device is extremely sensitive to variations in the hairspring's effective length. Indeed, for an oscillator with a nominal frequency of 4 Hz, for example, a change of approximately 10% in hairspring stiffness results in a rate variation of thousands of seconds per day. Consequently, achieving fine adjustments of a few or tens of seconds per day using this adjustment device is extremely difficult. For a given hairspring, the length adjustment required to adjust the rate by approximately ten seconds per day can be estimated at tens of microns. Furthermore, there is a risk that acting directly on the length of the balance spring could disrupt the operation of the oscillator.

[0005] Patent FR833085 relates to a method for synchronizing the oscillator of a mechanical clock with an electrical reference oscillator. Figure 2 In a particular embodiment shown in [ ], the clock's oscillator comprises a balance wheel returned by two hairsprings, preferably of identical size, each secured at its inner end to the balance staff and at its outer end to the frame. The working length of one of these hairsprings can be varied by means of an additional device controlled by an electrical reference oscillator. This arrangement, with two hairsprings arranged in parallel, helps double the accuracy with which the rate of a mechanical clock can be adjusted, since the stiffness of a single one of the two springs can be varied. However, this gain is insufficient to achieve fine adjustments of the order of a few seconds or tens of seconds per day, particularly with the aid of an indicator.

[0006] Patent application EP4009115 discloses an oscillator having the following characteristics: it comprises a first elastic return element in the form of a hairspring coupled to an inertial element in the form of a balance wheel, and a second elastic return element connected in series with the hairspring, the stiffness of which can be varied by a prestressing device designed to apply a variable force or torque to the second elastic return element without changing the stiffness of the hairspring. The stiffness of the second elastic return element is preferably greater than that of the hairspring, meaning that varying the stiffness of the second elastic return element allows for more precise rate adjustment than would be possible by directly acting on the stiffness of the hairspring. However, it appears that the stiffness of the second elastic return element must be significantly greater than that of the hairspring, on the order of a thousand or ten thousand times greater, in order to allow a rate variation of approximately a few seconds per day by varying the stiffness of the second elastic return element. Furthermore, this variation of the stiffness of the second elastic return element must be possible without changing the position of the outer end of the hairspring, which is very difficult to achieve in practice.

[0007] Patent application EP4016194 discloses a concept similar to that forming the subject of patent application EP4009115, but for a monolithic oscillator. Specifically, the oscillator comprises a flexible guide formed of elastic blades, designed to define an imaginary pivot axis of the inertial element, and means for adjusting the stiffness of the oscillator, comprising a flexible element arranged in series with the flexible guide. These adjustment means also include a prestressing device designed to apply a variable force or torque to the flexible element in order to vary its stiffness. Again, it would appear that the stiffness of the flexible element would have to be significantly greater than that of the flexible guide in order to allow rate variations of approximately a few seconds per day by varying the stiffness of the flexible element without changing the position of the imaginary pivot axis defined by the flexible guide, a fact that is very difficult to achieve in practice.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a regulation system that helps to overcome the aforementioned problems and improves the regulation systems known in the prior art. In particular, the present invention proposes a regulation system that allows for a precise and reliable adjustment of the oscillation frequency of an oscillator. With the aid of such a system, adjustments can be made while the oscillator is running, without affecting it. Summary of the Invention

[0009] According to a first aspect of the invention, the subject matter is defined by the following proposals:

[0010] 1. A regulating system (150; 150') for a watch movement (300), comprising:

[0011] - inertial element (4; 4'),

[0012] - frame (6), and

[0013] - an elastic return system (1; 1', 2, 3) intended to link the inertial element (4; 4') to the frame (6) so that the inertial element (4; 4') and the elastic return system (1; 1', 2, 3) form an oscillator (100; 100'),

[0014] The elastic return system (1; 1', 2, 3) comprises:

[0015] - a first elastic return element (1; 1') having a first stiffness k1,

[0016] - a second elastic return element (2) having a second stiffness k2,

[0017] - a third elastic return element (3) having a third stiffness k3, and

[0018] - means (200) for varying the third stiffness k3,

[0019] The first elastic return element (1; 1') and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in series between the inertial element (4; 4') and the frame (6), and

[0020] The third elastic return element (3) and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in parallel between the frame (6) and the first elastic return element (1; 1').

[0021] 2. The regulating system (150; 150') according to proposal 1, wherein:

[0022] k2+k3>k1, or even k2+k3>>k1, in particular k2+k3>10×k1, and / or

[0023] The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 , in particular the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and substantially greater than the third stiffness k3 .

[0024] 3. A regulating system (150; 150') according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

[0025] - the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, in particular k3 = α × k1, where 0.5 ≤ α ≤ 2, and

[0026] The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3, in particular k2=β×k1 and / or k2=β×k3, where 10≤β≤80, preferably β=20 or β-20.

[0027] 4. A regulating system (150; 150') according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

[0028] - the second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, in particular k3 = γ × k2, where 0.5 ≤ γ ≤ 2, and

[0029] The second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 , in particular k2 = δ×k1 and / or k3 = δ×k1 , where 100≤δ≤200, preferably δ=125 or δ˜125.

[0030] 5. A regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 4, wherein the inertial element (4; 4') and the elastic return system (1; 1', 2, 3) are configured and / or arranged so that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator (100; 100') is between 8 Hz and 100 Hz, or even greater than or equal to 100 Hz.

[0031] 6. Regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 1 to 5, wherein the first elastic return element (1) is a balance spring (1) comprising at least one blade (11) coupled to an inertia element (4), the inertia element (4) pivoting relative to the frame (6) about a geometric axis (A4).

[0032] 7. An adjustment system (150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 5, wherein the first elastic return element (1') is a flexible guide (1'), which in particular comprises two blades (11', 12'), which is configured and / or arranged to elastically return the inertial element (4') and also to guide the inertial element (4'), in particular to pivot the inertial element (4') about the geometric axis (A4').

[0033] 8. An adjustment system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 7, wherein the second elastic return element (2) comprises flexible blades (21, 22) embedded in the frame (6) and defining an RCC pivot for the first elastic return element (11'), wherein the imaginary intersection center of the flexible blades (21, 22) coincides with the point through which the geometric axis (A4; A4') about which the inertial element (44') pivots passes.

[0034] 9. The regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 8, wherein the third elastic return element (3) comprises a straight or curved elastic blade (31).

[0035] 10. A regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 9, wherein the first, second and third elastic return elements are connected to one another by a connecting member (5), in particular by a connecting member (5) that is part of the first elastic return element (1; 1') or is formed in the continuation of a blade (11) of the balance spring (1) forming the first elastic return element (1) or is formed in the continuation of a blade (11', 12') of the flexible guide (1') forming the first elastic return element (1').

[0036] 11. Regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 1 to 10, wherein the second elastic return element (2) is a curved blade (21) formed in continuation of the blade (11) of the balance spring (1) forming the first elastic return element (1).

[0037] 12. Adjustment system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 11, wherein the inertial element (4; 4') and the first, second and third elastic return elements are made in one piece or form a monolithic component.

[0038] 13. The adjustment system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the first elastic return element, the second elastic return element and the third elastic return element can at least partially comprise:

[0039] - single crystal silicon in any orientation, and / or

[0040] - polysilicon, and / or

[0041] - amorphous silicon, and / or

[0042] - amorphous silicon dioxide, and / or

[0043] - doped silicon of any type and doping level, and / or

[0044] - porous silicon, and / or

[0045] - Silicon carbide, and / or

[0046] - glass, and / or

[0047] - composite materials, and / or

[0048] - technical ceramics, and / or

[0049] -quartz.

[0050] 14. An adjustment device (200) for an adjustment system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 13, the device (200) being a device for changing the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3).

[0051] 15. Adjustment device (200) according to proposal 14, wherein it comprises a monolithic structure (900) intended to be mounted on the frame (6) of a timepiece movement (300) of a timepiece (400).

[0052] 16. Adjustment device (200) according to proposal 15, wherein it comprises a connecting member (5) intended to support the first elastic return element (1) of the adjustment system according to any one of proposals 1 to 13 and forming part of the integral structure (900).

[0053] 17. The regulating device (200) according to proposal 15 or 16, wherein it comprises, in the regulating system according to any one of proposals 1 to 13:

[0054] - a first elastic return element (1), and

[0055] - a second elastic return element (2), and

[0056] - a third elastic return element (3),

[0057] The first elastic return element (1), the second elastic return element (2) and the third elastic return element (3) form part of a unitary structure (900).

[0058] 18. Adjustment device (200) according to any one of proposals 14 to 17, wherein it comprises a pair of clamps (81, 82), in particular a pair of clamps (81, 82) forming part of a monolithic structure (900), the pair of clamps:

[0059] - able to move relative to the frame (6), and / or

[0060] - intended to clamp a blade (31), in particular a blade (31) of a third elastic return element of a regulating system according to any one of proposals 1 to 13, and / or

[0061] - is movable relative to said blade.

[0062] 19. A timepiece movement (300) comprising a regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 13 and / or a device (200) according to any one of proposals 14 to 18.

[0063] 20. A timepiece (400), in particular a watch (400), comprising a regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 13 and / or a device (200) according to any one of proposals 14 to 18 and / or a timepiece movement (300) according to proposal 19.

[0064] 21. A method for adjusting a regulating system (150; 150') according to any one of proposals 1 to 13, or a watch movement (300) according to proposal 19, or an oscillator (100; 100') of a watch (400) according to proposal 20, comprising the steps of: varying a third stiffness k3 of a third elastic return element (3), in particular varying the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular varying the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3).

[0065] According to a second aspect of the invention, the subject matter is defined by the following proposals:

[0066] 22. A regulating system (150) for a watch movement (300), comprising:

[0067] - frame (6),

[0068] - an assembled balance wheel (4) pivoted relative to the frame (6) about a geometric axis (A4),

[0069] - an elastic return system (1, 2, 3) intended to connect the assembled balance (4) to the frame (6), so that the assembled balance (4) and the elastic return system (1, 2, 3) form an oscillator (100),

[0070] The elastic return system (1, 2, 3) comprises:

[0071] - a first elastic return element in the form of a first balance spring (1) having a first stiffness k1,

[0072] - a second elastic return element (2) having a second stiffness k2, and

[0073] - a third elastic return element (3) having a third stiffness k3,

[0074] The first elastic return element (1) and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in series between the assembly balance wheel (4) and the frame (6), and

[0075] The third elastic return element (3) and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in parallel between the frame (6) and the first elastic return element (1).

[0076] 23. The regulation system (150) according to proposal 22, wherein it includes means (200) for changing the third stiffness k3.

[0077] 24. The regulation system (150) according to proposal 22 or 23, wherein:

[0078] - k2 + k3 > k1, or even k2 + k3 >> k1, especially k2 + k3 > 10×k1, particularly k2 + k3 > 100×k1, where k2 = k3 or 0.5 < k2 / k3 < 2, and / or

[0079] - k2 + k3 > k1, or even k2 + k3 >> k1, especially k2 + k3 > 10×k1, particularly k2 + k3 > 100×k1, and / or

[0080] - The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1, in particular, the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and substantially greater than the third stiffness k3.

[0081] 25. The regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 24, wherein:

[0082] - The first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or have the same order of magnitude, especially k3 = α×k1, where 0.5 ≤ α ≤ 2, and

[0083] - The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3, especially k2 = β×k1 and / or k2 = β×k3, where 10 ≤ β ≤ 80, preferably β = 20 or β ~ 20.

[0084] 26. The regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 25, wherein:

[0085] - The second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or have the same order of magnitude, especially k3 = γ×k2, where 0.5 ≤ γ ≤ 2, and

[0086] - The second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are substantially greater than the first stiffness k1, especially k2 = δ×k1 and / or k3 = δ×k1, where 100 ≤ δ ≤ 200, preferably δ = 125 or δ ~ 125.

[0087] 27. The regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 26, wherein the assembled balance wheel (4) and the elastic return system (1, 2, 3) are configured and / or arranged such that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator (100) is between 3 Hz and 8 Hz, especially 4 Hz or 5 Hz.

[0088] 28. Regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 27, wherein the first balance spring (1) comprises at least one first blade (11), said at least one first blade (11) being linked to the assembly balance (4) in particular via a collet (14), said collet (14) being arranged at a first proximal end of the first blade (11) and being fastened to an axle (42) fixed to the balance (41).

[0089] 29. Regulation system (150) according to proposal 28, wherein the first balance spring (1) comprises a first connecting member (12) arranged at the first distal end of the first blade (11) and connecting the first balance spring (1) to the second elastic return element (2), in particular by means of a connecting member (5).

[0090] 30. The adjustment system (150) according to any one of proposals 28 to 29, wherein the clamping head (14), the first blade (11) and the first connecting member (12) form a one-piece component.

[0091] 31. Regulation system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 30, wherein the third elastic return element (3) comprises a second balance spring (3) comprising at least one second blade (31) whose second proximal end (34) is intended to fasten said second balance spring (3) to the frame (6).

[0092] 32. Regulation system (150) according to proposal 31, wherein the second balance spring (3) further comprises a second connecting member (32) arranged at the second distal end of the second blade (31), in particular connecting the balance spring (3) to the second elastic return element (2) by means of a connecting member (5).

[0093] 33. The adjustment system (150) according to any one of proposals 31 to 32, wherein the second proximal end (34), the second blade (31) and the second connecting member (32) form a one-piece component.

[0094] 34. A regulating system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 33, wherein the second elastic return element (2) comprises at least one pair, in particular two pairs, of elastic blades (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) forming flexible guides for the first balance spring (1) and the second balance spring (3), in particular RCC pivots, wherein the imaginary intersection center of the blades coincides with the point through which the axis (A4) passes.

[0095] 35. The regulating system (150) according to proposal 34, wherein the elastic blades (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) are each U-shaped or substantially U-shaped or V-shaped or substantially V-shaped or W-shaped or substantially W-shaped.

[0096] 36. An adjustment system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 35 and according to proposal 25 or 28, wherein the connecting member (5) comprises two plates (51, 52) for receiving the first connecting member (12) and the second connecting member 32, the two plates (51, 52) being connected to the frame (6) via a second elastic return element (2).

[0097] 37. The adjustment system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 36, wherein at least one of the first elastic return element, the second elastic return element and the third elastic return element can at least partially comprise:

[0098] - single crystal silicon in any orientation, and / or

[0099] - polysilicon, and / or

[0100] - amorphous silicon, and / or

[0101] - amorphous silicon dioxide, and / or

[0102] - doped silicon of any type and doping level, and / or

[0103] - porous silicon, and / or

[0104] - Silicon carbide, and / or

[0105] - glass, and / or

[0106] - composite materials, and / or

[0107] - technical ceramics, and / or

[0108] - Quartz, and / or

[0109] - metal, and / or

[0110] - Metal alloys, in particular alloys made of Nb-Zr or Nb-Ti.

[0111] 38. An adjustment device (200) for an adjustment system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 37 and according to proposal 23, the device (200) being a device for changing the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of at least one straight, curved or spiral blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3).

[0112] 39. Adjustment device (200) according to proposal 38, wherein it comprises a monolithic structure (900) intended to be mounted on the frame (6) of a timepiece movement (300) of a timepiece (400).

[0113] 40. Adjustment device (200) according to proposal 39, wherein it comprises a connecting member (5) intended to support the first elastic return element (1) of the adjustment system according to any one of proposals 22 to 37 and forming part of the integral structure (900).

[0114] 41. Regulating device (200) according to proposal 39 or 40, wherein it comprises a balance spring (1) of a regulating system according to any one of proposals 22 to 37, said balance spring (1) forming part of a monolithic structure (900).

[0115] 42. A timepiece movement (300) comprising a regulating system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 37 and / or a device (200) according to any one of proposals 38 to 41.

[0116] 43. A timepiece (400), in particular a watch (400), comprising a regulating system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 37 and / or a device (200) according to proposals 38 to 41 and / or a timepiece movement (300) according to proposal 42.

[0117] 44. A method for adjusting a regulating system (150) according to any one of proposals 22 to 37 or a watch movement (300) according to proposal 42 or an oscillator (100) of a watch (400) according to proposal 43, the method comprising the steps of: changing the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element (3), in particular changing the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular changing the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0118] The accompanying drawings show, by way of example, two embodiments of a timepiece according to the invention.

[0119] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the overall structure of a timepiece according to the present invention.

[0120] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first variant of the first embodiment of the regulating system.

[0121] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a second variant of the first embodiment of the regulating system.

[0122] Figure 4is an exploded perspective view of a third variant of the first embodiment of the adjustment system.

[0123] Figure 5 is a side view of a third variant of the first embodiment of the adjustment system.

[0124] Figure 6 is a top view of a portion of a third variant of the first embodiment of the adjustment system.

[0125] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a fourth variant of the first embodiment of the adjustment system.

[0126] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth variant of the first embodiment of the regulating system.

[0127] Figure 9 is a view of a timepiece comprising a first variant of the second embodiment of the regulating system.

[0128] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a second variant of the second embodiment of the regulating system.

[0129] Figure 11 It is a view explaining the structure of the first modification of the first embodiment of the adjustment system.

[0130] Figure 12 is a detailed partial view of the structure of a first variant of the first embodiment of the regulating system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0131] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, reference is made hereinafter to Figure 1 The timepiece 400 will be described in detail.

[0132] Timepiece 400 is, for example, a watch, in particular a wristwatch.Timepiece 400 comprises a timepiece movement 300 intended to be mounted in a timepiece case or housing so as to protect it from the external environment.

[0133] Timepiece movement 300 may be a mechanical movement, in particular an automatic movement, or even a hybrid movement, ie a mechanical movement comprising electronic components.

[0134] Timepiece movement 300 comprises a regulating system 150 .

[0135] The regulation system 150 includes:

[0136] -Frame 6,

[0137] - an oscillator 100; 100' comprising an inertial element 4; 4' and an elastic return system 1; 1', 2, 3, and

[0138] Preferably, means 200 for varying the stiffness of the elastic return element 3 of the elastic return system, in particular by varying the working length of the elastic return element 3 .

[0139] According to a first aspect of the invention, a regulating system 150 for a timepiece movement 300 comprises:

[0140] - inertial element 4; 4',

[0141] -Frame 6, and

[0142] - an elastic return system 1; 1', 2, 3 intended to connect the inertial element 4; 4' to the frame 6,

[0143] The elastic return system 1; 1 ', 2, 3 comprises:

[0144] a first elastic return element 1 ; 1 ′ having a first stiffness k1 ,

[0145] a second elastic return element 2 having a second stiffness k2,

[0146] a third elastic return element 3 having a third stiffness k3, and

[0147] Means 200 for varying the third stiffness k3 , in particular by varying the working length of the third elastic return element 3 .

[0148] The first elastic return element 1; 1 ' and the second elastic return element 2 are assembled in series between the inertial element 4; 4' and the frame 6, and the third elastic return element 3 and the second elastic return element 2 are assembled in parallel between the frame 6 and the first elastic return element 1; 1 '.

[0149] According to a second aspect of the invention, a regulating system 150 for a timepiece movement 300 comprises:

[0150] -Frame 6,

[0151] - an inertial element 4 in the form of an assembled balance 4 pivoted relative to the frame 6 about the geometric axis A4,

[0152] - elastic return system 1 , 2 , 3 intended to connect assembled balance 4 to frame 6 .

[0153] Elastic return systems 1, 2, and 3 include:

[0154] a first elastic return element in the form of a first balance spring 1 having a first stiffness k1 ,

[0155] a second elastic return element 2 having a second stiffness k2, and

[0156] A third elastic return element 3 having a third stiffness k3 .

[0157] The first elastic return element 1 and the second elastic return element 2 are assembled in series between the assembly balance 4 and the frame 6 , and the third elastic return element 3 and the second elastic return element 2 are assembled in parallel between the frame 6 and the first elastic return element 1 .

[0158] When two elastic return elements of a system are followed one by the other or are connected to each other by one of their respective ends so as to connect two separate elements, the two elastic return elements are said to be "in series", which means that when a mechanical load of a given intensity is applied to the system, in particular to one or the other of the two separate elements, each of the two elastic return elements is at least substantially subjected to this load of this given intensity.

[0159] When two elastic return elements of a system are directly connected to two separate elements via their respective ends, the two elastic return elements are said to be "in parallel", which means that when a deformation of a given intensity is applied to the system, each of the two elastic return elements is deformed at least substantially by that intensity.

[0160] The regulating system and / or the oscillator are specifically shaped and / or arranged so as to allow fine adjustment of the movement rate by varying the stiffness of an elastic return element forming part of the oscillator. This adjustment can be performed in particular by varying the effective or working length of at least one elastic blade of the elastic return element forming part of the oscillator, in particular by means of a lever or structure that can be moved relative to the frame.

[0161] exist Figure 1 The oscillator 100 schematically shown in FIG. 1 has the following characteristics:

[0162] - a first elastic return element 1 with a stiffness k1 coupled to the inertial element 4,

[0163] - a second elastic return element 2 of stiffness k2 connected in series with the first elastic return element 1 , and

[0164] A third elastic return element 3 having a stiffness k3 is also connected in series with the first elastic return element 1 and in parallel with the second elastic return element 2. The stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3 can be varied by means of a device 200 for varying the stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3. Advantageously, the stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3 can be varied by varying the effective or working length of at least one elastic blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3, in particular by means of a lever or a structure 7. More advantageously, the stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3 can be varied by varying the effective or working length of only the elastic blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3; the first and second elastic return elements 1 and 2 do not have means for varying their respective stiffnesses k1, k2. This configuration offers the advantage of simplifying the use of the adjustment and / or regulation system compared to another system in which the effective length of multiple elastic blades can be varied.

[0165] When only the effective length of a single blade 31 of the entire elastic return system comprising the three elastic return elements 1, 2, and 3 is adjustable, the rate adjustment achieved using this configuration is more refined. Consequently, this single stiffness adjustment will have a smaller impact on the overall stiffness of the elastic return system comprising the three elastic return elements 1, 2, and 3, which will allow for a more refined adjustment of the system. Therefore, advantageously, the adjustment device 200 acts only on a single blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3.

[0166] Studies conducted by the inventors have shown that this arrangement of the return elements 1, 2, 3 of the oscillator 100 allows a particularly fine adjustment of the rate for carefully selected stiffnesses k1, k2, k3. For example, for an oscillator 100 having a frequency of 4 Hz and for a given stiffness k1, when k2=20×k1 and k3=k1, a variation of ±10% in stiffness k3 results in a variation of the rate of a timepiece incorporating the oscillator 100 equal to or substantially equal to ±10 seconds per day.

[0167] It appears that by using a lever or mechanism that allows adjustment of the effective or working length of at least one elastic blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3, it is possible to achieve a ±10% variation in the stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3. The lever or mechanism can be operated by a watchmaker or any other autonomous device. For example, this ±10% variation in stiffness can be achieved by moving the lever or mechanism around the axis A4 by an angle of a few degrees or about ten degrees.

[0168] Regulating system 150 is described hereinafter according to different embodiments and variants involving the use of traditional watchmaking elements, such as a balance wheel and at least one balance spring, or flexible guides and elements adapted to form a unitary part.

[0169] In the first embodiment (in Figures 2 to 8 ), the first elastic return element is in the form of a balance spring 1 coupled to an inertia element 4 .

[0170] In the second embodiment (in Figure 9 and Figure 10 ), the first elastic return element is in the form of a flexible guide 1 ', which is designed to elastically return the inertia element 4' and also to guide the inertia element 4', in particular to pivot the inertia element 4'.

[0171] Different variations of these two embodiments are described below. Among these variations:

[0172] - the third elastic return element may be in various forms, such as a straight or curved elastic blade, or a balance spring, and

[0173] The inertial element can be defined as an oscillating mass or in the form of a balance wheel pivoted by a shaft (commonly known as a "assembled balance wheel"). In the latter case, the shaft can be fixed to the balance wheel, in particular by screwing it in. Alternatively, the shaft can be integral with the balance wheel. In other words, the shaft and the balance wheel can form a single-piece component.

[0174] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the first elastic return element 1 can be connected to the second elastic return element 2 and the third elastic return element 3 by means of a connecting member 5, such as Figures 1 to 10 Advantageously, the connecting member 5 can be a rigid element that helps to mechanically separate the second elastic return element 2 and the third elastic return element 3 from the first elastic return element 1 connected to the inertial element, so that any disturbance caused by the second elastic return element 2 and the third elastic return element 3 (for example, nonlinearity of the stiffness k2 and k3) has less influence on the operation of the assembly constituted by the inertial element and the first elastic return element.

[0175] Whatever the embodiment or variant, second 2 and third 3 elastic return elements are linked to frame 6. The frame may be a frame of timepiece movement 300, in particular a movement blank 6, such as a plate or bridge, in particular a balance bridge.

[0176] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the third elastic return element 3 can be linked to the frame 6 by means of the adjustment element 7 of the varying device 200 .

[0177] Regardless of the embodiment or variant (whether a balance spring or a flexible guide is implemented as the first elastic return element), an advantageous way to produce the second elastic return element is to use an RCC (Remote Center Compliance) pivot consisting of at least two embedded blades, the purpose of which is to guide the connecting member 5. The imaginary center of intersection of the flexible blades constituting the RCC pivot can advantageously coincide with the point through which the geometric axis A4 of the inertial element passes (in the first embodiment) or with the point through which the geometric (and imaginary) axis A4' of the flexible guide 1 ' and the inertial element passes (in the second embodiment). This configuration improves the stability of the oscillator 100; 100' compared to any other arrangement of three elastic return elements.

[0178] Inertial element 4 ; 4 ′, in particular “assembly balance 4 ” or more generally oscillator 100 ; 100 ′ or regulating system 150 , regulates, via the watch escapement, the finishing chain or finishing gear of movement 300 . Any known watch escapement and any known finishing gear structure may be used.

[0179] In the first modification of the first embodiment (in Figure 2 ), the first elastic return element is in the form of a balance spring 1 provided with a blade 11 whose first proximal end is linked to an oscillating mass 41 of an inertial element 4 by means of a shaft 42 having a geometric axis A4.

[0180] The second elastic return element 2 comprises two elastic blades 21 , 22 . The two blades 21 , 22 are preferably straight. For example, they are oriented radially relative to the pivot axis A4 of the inertial element 4 .

[0181] The third elastic return element 3 is in the form of a single elastic blade 31. The blade 3 is preferably straight. For example, the blade 31 is oriented radially relative to the pivot axis A4 of the inertial element 4.

[0182] Blades 21, 22, and 31 are connected to balance spring 1 at each of their first ends, at end 5 thereof. This end 5 is substantially more rigid than blade 11 and extends blade 11 at the distal end of balance spring 1. These blades 21, 22, and 31 are also connected to frame 6 at each of their second ends. In particular, the second ends of blades 21 and 22 are embedded, in particular permanently embedded, in frame 6. Furthermore, the second end of blade 31 is engaged or retained between two pins 81 and 82 fixed to an adjustment element 7, which comprises a lever 7 or a frame 7 connected to frame 6 and capable of translational movement relative thereto. These pins allow third blade 31 to be clamped and / or retained and / or supported at the points of contact with the pins. At these points of contact, deflection of third blade 31 is limited or even eliminated. Consequently, bending of the blade occurs between its point of connection with end 5 and its point of contact with the pins. Consequently, the effective or working length of the curved third blade can be adjusted by moving lever 7 or frame 7. The effect of this is to change the stiffness k3 of the third blade 31 .

[0183] During operation of oscillator 100, inertial element 4 oscillates about axis A4, which causes expansion and compression of blade 11 and also deflection of blades 21, 22, and 31. In particular, blades 21 and 22 define flexible guides that connect blade 11 of balance spring 1 and connecting member 5 to frame 6. In particular, in this case, blades 21 and 22 define an RCC (Remote Center Compliance) pivot that connects blade 11 and connecting member 5 of balance spring 1 to frame 6. The axis of the RCC pivot preferably coincides with the geometric axis A4 about which inertial element 4 pivots. Varying the effective length of blade 31 (and therefore its stiffness k3, as previously described) makes it possible to vary the stiffness k100 of oscillator 100 including such a balance spring 1 connected in series with blades 21, 22, and 31, respectively.

[0184] As previously mentioned, this is made possible by the pins 81 , 82 which provide the abutment and define the effective length of the blade 31 under the effect of the translational movement of the lever 7 or of the framework 7 .

[0185] Studies conducted by the inventors have shown that this arrangement of blades 11, 21, 22, 31 for oscillator 100 allows for particularly fine adjustment of the rate for carefully selected stiffnesses k1, k2, k3. For example, for an oscillator 100 having an operating frequency of 4 Hz, and for a given stiffness k1, when k2=20×k1 and k3=k1, a variation of ±10% in stiffness k3 results in a variation of the rate of a timepiece incorporating oscillator 100 equal to or substantially equal to ±10 seconds per day.

[0186] In the second variation of the first embodiment (in Figure 3), the blades 31 have a curved (circular or substantially circular) geometry and their effective length can be adjusted by means of a rotatable lever 7 or frame 7. These features are in particular the only differences from the first variant of the first embodiment.

[0187] For example, in this second variant, the configuration of the connecting member 5 is slightly more complex than that of the connecting member 5 of the first variant. In particular, the connecting member 5 according to this second variant may have an elbow-shaped geometry. The connecting member 5 may have a circular or substantially circular first portion extending around the axis A4 to secure the blades 21, 22 to the blade 11 (in the same manner as in the first variant) and a straight second portion oriented radially or substantially radially relative to the axis A4, the straight second portion being designed to secure the blade 31 to the blade 11.

[0188] The other end of the blade 31 is preferably embedded in the frame 6. However, the effective or working length of this blade 31, which is moved to either side of its rest position under the action of the oscillations of the inertial element 4 about the geometric axis A4, is defined by pins 81 and 82 fixed to a lever or frame 7 that can rotate relative to the frame 6. As in the first variant, the pins 81 and 82 provide an abutment point against the blade 31 and therefore define one end of the effective or working length of this blade 31, that is, they define the length of the blade 31 that is effectively subjected to bending.

[0189] In the third modification of the first embodiment (in Figures 4 to 6 ), the third elastic return element is in the form of a balance spring 3 provided with a blade 31 whose proximal end 34 is connected or fastened to the frame 6 (in Figure 4 and Figure 5 ). This balance spring 3 is linked to balance spring 1, in particular to blades 11 of balance spring 1, by means of a connecting member 5, which is mechanically linked to a frame 6 via a second elastic return element 2. In this case, the frame is preferably a movement blank 6, for example a bridge, in particular a balance bridge.

[0190] In particular, the second elastic return element 2 and the connecting member 5 are integrated with an intermediate member 61 fixed or attached to the rest of the frame 6. Thus, the intermediate member 61 forms part of the frame 6. More generally, the second elastic return element 2 and the connecting member 5 are included in the same intermediate member 61 fixed to the rest of the frame 6.

[0191] exist Figure 6 The intermediate member 61 shown in detail in FIG. 6 is in the form of a generally elongated panel. The intermediate member 61 is advantageously provided with two pairs of elastic blades 21 a, 21 b and 22 a, 22 b forming the second elastic return element 2 .

[0192] In particular, the two pairs of blades are arranged symmetrically relative to a plane P passing through a geometric axis A4 of shaft 42 coupled to balance wheel 41 , shaft 42 passing through a central opening 610 of member 61 .

[0193] A pair of blades 21a, 21b elastically connects a first portion or plate 51 to an intermediate member 61. A pair of blades 22a, 22b elastically connects a second portion or plate 52 to the intermediate member 61. These portions or plates 51 and 52 together constitute the connecting member 5. Thus, the plates 51, 52 are fixed to the blade pairs 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b, respectively.

[0194] Each of these plates 51, 52 is intended to be fastened to a respective first end 13a, 33a and a respective second end 13b, 33b of balance springs 1 and 3. Balance springs 1, 3 are thus joined to plates 51, 52 constituting connecting member 5. These plates are themselves joined to frame 6 via elastic blades 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b.

[0195] Thus, member 61 , secured to the remainder of plate 6 , may constitute a support for balance springs 1 and 3 .

[0196] In particular, the first end 13a, 13b and the second end 33a, 33b are each in the form of a stud or pin intended to be fitted (in particular driven) into an opening 53a, 53b respectively formed at each plate 51, 52. Alternatively, the two plates may comprise studs and the connecting member of the balance spring may comprise an opening for receiving or driving these studs.

[0197] Each plate 51, 52 is formed in the continuation of a blade 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b, which in this case is each U-shaped or substantially U-shaped. Alternatively, the elastic blades 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b can each be, for example, V-shaped or substantially V-shaped or W-shaped or substantially W-shaped. Alternatively, the elastic blades 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b can each be shaped, for example, to achieve a desired stiffness value.

[0198] In particular, the structures 21a, 21b, 51 and 22a, 22b, 52 constitute an integral or single-piece element. More generally, these structures are included in an intermediate member 61, which forms a monolithic component. The monolithic component may comprise two plates 51, 52.

[0199] Pairs of studs 13a, 13b and 33a, 33b are respectively fixed to connecting members 12, 32 formed in the continuation of blades 11, 31 of balance springs 1, 3, at their distal ends. In particular, these two pairs of studs are symmetrically arranged relative to the aforementioned plane P, which means that they are each able to cooperate with a pair of elastic blades 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b via plates 51, 52 forming connecting member 5.

[0200] A first connecting member 12 is arranged at a first distal end of the first blade 11 and joins the first balance spring 1 to the second elastic return element 2 , in particular by means of the connecting member 5 .

[0201] The second connecting member 32 is arranged at a second distal end of the third blade 31 and joins the second balance spring 3 to the second elastic return element 2 , in particular by means of the connecting member 5 .

[0202] Each of these pairs of elastic blades 21a, 21b and 22a, 22b defines a flexible guide for balance springs 1 and 3, in particular an RCC pivot (whose imaginary centre coincides with axis A4), while linking balance springs 1 and 3 via portions 51, 52.

[0203] exist Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated construction example, the intermediate member 61 is arranged at the interface between the balance springs 1 and 3. In other words, the intermediate member is arranged along the axis A4 or along the axis defined by Figure 5 The vertical direction z schematically indicated by the arrow in FIG is arranged between balance springs 1 and 3 .

[0204] The changing device 200 can be arranged, for example, between the balance spring 3 and the frame 6, in particular the balance cock 6 (according to the vertical direction z). As described in the previous variants and as more particularly in Figure 5 As can be seen in FIG, the pins 81 , 82 are fixed to a lever 7 or a frame 7 which is connected to the frame 6 while being able to rotate relative to said frame 6 .

[0205] Advantageously, blades 11 and 31 of balance springs 1 and 3 may be similar or substantially similar, or even identical. Thus, advantageously, k3 = k1. For example, for an oscillator 100 having a frequency of 4 Hz, and for a given stiffness k1 equal to k3, when k2 = 20 × k1, a ±10% variation in stiffness k3 results in a rate variation of the timepiece incorporating oscillator 100 equal to or substantially equal to ±10 seconds per day.

[0206] Such a variant has the advantage of using traditional watchmaking elements (e.g. balance springs 1 , 3 , assembly balance 4 ) while facilitating assembly thanks to the particular configuration of intermediate member 61 , which has the advantage of combining the functions of second elastic return element 2 and connecting member 5 .

[0207] Furthermore, balance wheel 41, arbour 42 and balance spring 1 (for example secured to arbour 42 by collet 14) have the advantage that they can be assembled directly on frame 6 if it is not desired to allow adjustment via changing device 200. This assembly 41, 42, 1 thus constitutes a standardized assembly that can be incorporated both into a conventional movement and into a movement 300 equipped with changing device 200.

[0208] The collet 14 is preferably arranged at a first proximal end of the first blade 11 and is fastened to a shaft 42 fixed to the balance wheel 41 .

[0209] Advantageously, the collet 14, the first blade 11 and the first connecting member 12 form a unitary component. Similarly, advantageously, the second proximal end 34, the second blade 31 and the second connecting member 32 may form a unitary component.

[0210] Fourth modification of the first embodiment (in Figure 7 The main difference between the third embodiment (shown in FIG) and the third embodiment is that the third blade 31 is more rigid. Compared to the third embodiment, the cross-section of the blade 31 is larger and / or the length of the blade 31 is shorter. For example, the stiffness of the second elastic return element 2 and the stiffness of the third elastic return element 3 are equal or substantially equal.

[0211] In fact, studies carried out by the inventors have also shown that, for an oscillator 100 having a frequency of 4 Hz, for example, and for a given stiffness k1, and for a second stiffness k2 and a third stiffness k3 of similar or of the same order of magnitude that are substantially greater than the stiffness k1 (approximately 125×k1), a variation of ±10% in the stiffness k3 results in a variation in the rate of a clock including the oscillator 100 that is equal to or substantially equal to ±15 seconds per day.

[0212] In the fifth modification of the first embodiment (in Figure 8 In a further embodiment (schematically shown in FIG), it is proposed that the second elastic return element 2 and the connecting member 5 are formed in the continuation of the blade 11 of the balance spring 1. Thus, in this case, the second elastic return element 2 is in the form of a curved elastic blade 21 that is more rigid than the blade 11. The connecting member 5 is in the form of an elbow 51 (oriented radially or substantially radially with respect to the axis A4) formed at the distal end of the blade 11. This connects the blade 11 to the curved elastic blade 31 forming the third elastic return element, and also connects the latter to the curved elastic blade 21. The distal ends of the blades 21 and 31 are connected to the frame 6 (for example, by a fixed connection) by means of an elbow 210 formed at the distal end of the blade 21.

[0213] The effective length of the curved elastic blade 31 is again adjusted by means of a lever 7 or pins 81 , 82 of the frame which can rotate relative to the frame 6 .

[0214] According to a second embodiment, the first elastic return element 1' is in the form of a flexible guide 1' designed to elastically return the inertial element 4' and also to guide it, in particular to pivot it about an axis A4'. To this end, the first elastic return element 1' may include two blades 11' and 12' that intersect to form, for example, a Wittrick pivot. In particular, these blades 11' and 12' are arranged in two different parallel planes. These blades 11', 12' are each connected to a connecting member 5 at their first end. These blades 11', 12' are also connected to an oscillating mass 41' at their second end. Thus, the inertial element 4' may include an oscillating mass 41' and also blades 11' and 12' that form the first elastic return element 1' and the guide element 42'.

[0215] According to the first modification of the second embodiment (in Figure 9 , and the principle of which is comparable to that of the first embodiment), the second elastic return element 2 comprises two straight elastic blades 21, 22 constituting an RCC pivot, and the third elastic return element 3 is in the form of a single straight elastic blade 31, each of these blades 21, 22, 31 extending radially or substantially radially relative to the axis A4'.

[0216] The blades 11 ′, 12 ′ and 21 , 22 and 31 are joined to one another at each of their first ends by means of a connecting member 5. The blades 21 , 22 , 31 are also joined at each of their second ends to the frame 6. In particular, the second ends of the blades 21 , 22 are permanently embedded in the frame 6, and the second end of the blade 31 is engaged between two protrusions 81 , 82 fixed to the frame 7 of the changing device 200, the frame 7 of the changing device 200 being joined to the frame 6 while being able to move in translation relative to said frame 6.

[0217] During operation of the oscillator 100 ′, the mass 41 ′ oscillates about the axis A4 ′, which causes the bending of the blades 11 ′ and 12 ′ and also the deflection of the blades 21 , 22 , 31 . In particular, the blades 21 , 22 define flexible guides connecting the blades 11 ′, 12 ′ and the connecting member 5 to the frame 6 . In particular, the blades 21 , 22 define an RCC pivot connecting the blades 11 ′, 12 ′ and the connecting member 5 to the frame 6 . The axis of the RCC pivot preferably coincides with the geometric (and imaginary) axis A4 ′ about which the inertial element 4 ′ pivots . Varying the effective length of the blade 31 makes it possible to vary the stiffness k100 ′ of the oscillator 100 ′ comprising such a first elastic return element 1 ′ connected in series with the blades 21 , 22 and the blade 31 , respectively.

[0218] Studies conducted by the inventors have demonstrated that this arrangement of blades 11 ′, 12 ′, 21 , 22 , 31 for oscillator 100 ′ allows for particularly fine adjustment of the rate for carefully selected stiffnesses k1 ′, k2 , k3 . For example, for an oscillator 100 ′ having a frequency of 10 Hz, and for a given stiffness k1 ′, when k2 = 20×k1 ′ and k3 = k1 ′, a variation of ±10% in stiffness k3 results in a variation of the rate of a timepiece incorporating oscillator 100 equal to or substantially equal to ±10 seconds per day.

[0219] The second modification of the second embodiment (in Figure 10 ) is substantially identical to the first variant, except that the blades 31 have a curved geometry and their effective or working length can be adjusted by means of a rotatable lever 7.

[0220] For this reason, the configuration of the connecting member 5 is slightly more complex than that of the connecting member 5 of the first variant. In particular, the connecting member 5 according to this second variant has an elbow-shaped geometry. Two circular or substantially circular first portions extend around the axis A4' to secure the blades 21, 22 to the blades 11' and 12', and a straight second portion oriented radially or substantially radially with respect to the axis A4' is designed to secure the blade 31 to the blades 11', 12'.

[0221] The other end of the blade 31 is embedded in the frame 6. However, the effective length of this blade 31 that moves to either side of its rest position under the action of the oscillations of the inertial element 4 ′ about the imaginary axis A4 ′ is limited by pins 81 and 82 fixed to a rotary lever 7 mechanically linked to the frame 6.

[0222] Reference below Figure 11 and Figure 12 One example of the structure of the first modification of the first embodiment of the adjustment system is described.

[0223] Oscillator 100 comprises an oscillating mass 41 of an inertial element 4 (in particular a balance wheel) and a first elastic return element 1 (in particular a hairspring). Oscillator 100 also comprises a second elastic return element forming part of support 2 of first elastic return element 1 .

[0224] The hairspring 1 has blades 11:

[0225] - the first proximal end 14 of the blade 11 is connected to the oscillating mass 41 by means of a shaft 42 having a geometric axis A4, and

[0226] - The second distal end of the blade 11 comprises a first connection member 12 intended to be fixed to the second connection member 5 of the support 2, in particular via posts or pins 213a, 213b intended to be inserted respectively into openings 212a, 212b and 221a, 221b formed respectively on the first and second connection members, in particular at each of their ends.

[0227] The second connection member 5 is fixed to the rigid frame 20 via elastic blades 21, 22, each provided with a flexible portion at their respective ends.

[0228] The third elastic return element 3 itself takes the form of a single, in this case straight, elastic blade 31 which is fixed to the second connecting member 5 and arranged between the elastic blades 21 , 22 , for example at the outer periphery of the second connecting member 5 .

[0229] In the embodiment described, elements 20 , 21 , 22 , 5 of support 2 and blade 31 of third elastic return element 3 form an integral structure 900 of regulating system 150 fixed to frame 6 of timepiece 400 , in particular frame 6 of movement 300 .

[0230] In the embodiment described, the stiffness selection means 308 for selecting the stiffness of the elastic return system 10 make it possible to select the stiffness from three predetermined stiffnesses ksr1 , ksr2 , ksr3 .

[0231] - the stiffness ksr1 for producing the nominal frequency f1 of the first oscillator 100,

[0232] a stiffness ksr2 which is greater than the stiffness ksr1 and produces a frequency f2 which is higher than the frequency f1, and

[0233] A stiffness ksr3 that is smaller than the stiffness ksr1 and produces a frequency f3 that is lower than the frequency f1.

[0234] The so-called "predetermined stiffness" herein is a predetermined stiffness centered around the value ksr1, ksr2, or ksr3. Of course, these predetermined stiffnesses ksr1, ksr2, and ksr3 can each vary within a given range, the magnitude of which depends on the tolerances of the system. Preferably, the stiffness ksr1 can vary within a more restricted, or even much more restricted, range than the ranges associated with the stiffnesses ksr2 and ksr3, in order to produce the nominal frequency f1 in the first oscillator.

[0235] Thus, the stiffness ksr2 of the elastic return system 10 makes it possible to correct any losses that may exist in the display device of the timepiece, or in the moving device driving any potential display device of the timepiece, and the stiffness ksr3 of the elastic return system 10 makes it possible to correct any gains that may exist in the display device of the timepiece, or in the moving device driving any potential display device of the timepiece.

[0236] In the embodiment described, the stiffness selection device 308 for selecting the stiffness of the elastic return system 10 acts specifically on the stiffness of the third elastic return element 3, more specifically on the stiffness of the elastic blade 31. Thus, the stiffness selection device 308 allows for the selection of a specific stiffness of the third elastic return element 3 from three predetermined stiffnesses k31, k32, and k33, to which the stiffnesses ksr1, ksr2, and ksr3 of the elastic return system 10 are respectively related. Thus, the stiffness k31 of the elastic blade 31 allows for the definition of the nominal frequency f1 of the first oscillator 100, the stiffness k32 of the elastic blade 31 allows for the correction of any losses that may be present in the display of the timepiece or in any potential movement that drives the display, and the stiffness k33 of the elastic blade 31 allows for the correction of any gains that may be present in the display of the timepiece or in any potential movement that drives the display, as will be described below.

[0237] It appears that this arrangement of elastic return elements 1, 2, 3 with carefully selected respective stiffnesses ksr1, ksr2, ksr3 allows a particularly fine adjustment of the rate. For example, a variation of ±10% in stiffness ksr3 results in a rate variation of the timepiece comprising the first oscillator 100 equal to or substantially equal to ±10 seconds per day.

[0238] As an illustration, Figure 12 Indicated is a selection device 308 drawn in black. This device here forms part of a monolithic structure 900 intended to be attached to frame 6 of movement 300, in particular to a blank.

[0239] Therefore, more generally, the selection device 308 comprises an adjustment element 7 or at least a pair of clamps 81, 82 and a selection beak 306 cooperating with a toothed structure 305, wherein the pair of clamps 81, 82 are intended to act on the effective length of the elastic blade 31, and the selection beak 306 cooperating with the toothed structure 305 is intended to position the pair of clamps 81, 82 in one of three stable positions predetermined by the teeth of the structure 305.

[0240] The selection device 308 can be actuated so as to position the pair of clamps 81 , 82 in three stable positions by moving the selection beak 306 past the toothed structure 305 .

[0241] In general, the stiffness adjusting or varying device 200 may comprise a unitary structure 900 of which the clamps 81 and 82 form part, the clamps being movable (along the third blade 3 ) relative to a base 20 of the unitary structure 900 , the base 20 being fixed to the frame 6 .

[0242] More precisely, the clamps 81, 82 are connected to the framework 304 via flexible leaves 601, and the framework 304 is connected to the base 20 via flexible leaves. Due to this structure, the clamps 81, 82 (and more generally the assembly including the framework 304) can move relative to the frame.

[0243] The selection device 308 includes the clamps 81, 82, the framework 304 and the base 20. The tooth-like structure 305 can be made on one of the framework 304 or the base 20, and the selection beak can be made on the other of the framework 304 or the base 20.

[0244] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The exemplary embodiment is notable for the following features:

[0245] - the adjustment element 7 comprises two protrusions or clamps 81 , 82 which are mounted on the frame 6 via the elastic leaf 601 and which are returned against the third elastic leaf 3 by means of a preloading element or post 303 ; and / or

[0246] the clamps 81 , 82 are incorporated into a monolithic structure 900 , the base 20 of which is intended to be supported on the frame 6 ; and / or

[0247] - the blades 21 , 22 of the second elastic return element are also formed in this monolithic structure 900 and are connected to the connecting member 5 (of the first elastic return element) and to the base 20 mounted on the frame 6 ; and / or

[0248] - one end of the third elastic blade may be free; and / or

[0249] - a first elastic return element 1 (which may take the form of a balance spring) may be formed within the monolithic structure 900 ; and / or

[0250] the support 5 or the connecting member 5 (supporting the first elastic return element 1 , in particular the balance spring) is integral with the monolithic structure 900 or forms part of it; and / or

[0251] - The clamps 81, 82 are used to clamp the third blade in the transverse direction (and Figure 12 a third elastic blade is fixed in the plane of the first embodiment; and / or

[0252] - The clamps 81 , 82 function without preloading or deforming the third blade.

[0253] exist Figure 11 and Figure 12 The features shown in the first variant of the first embodiment of the regulating system in FIG. 4 can be employed independently of the embodiment or variant of the regulating system.

[0254] More generally, the selection device 308 can also be designed to position the pair of clamps 81, 82 in n stable positions by moving the selection beak 306 past the toothed structure 305. Advantageously, n can be equal to 3, but it can also be different, in particular, it can be equal to 2, 4, or 5. Alternatively, the selection device can be a continuous adjustment system. In this case, it is not a discrete adjustment system with n predetermined adjustment positions, but an adjustment system that can be actuated, for example, by means of an eccentric that can oscillate through a defined range without any notches or discrete positions.

[0255] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the oscillator 100 , 100 ′ may be a monolithic component or constituted by an assembly of elements.

[0256] The balance springs 1 , 3 described herein preferably comprise a single blade. Of course, it is possible to realize at least one balance spring comprising several blades, such as two blades, in one or more planes.

[0257] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the oscillator 100; 100' may include one or more additional elastic return elements in addition to the first, second, and third elastic return elements described herein. For example, the oscillator 100; 100' may include at least one fourth elastic return element for thermal compensation purposes or to fine-tune rate correction. This may be arranged, for example, in parallel with the second and third elastic return elements.

[0258] Regardless of the embodiment or variant, the elastic return element may at least partially consist of single-crystalline silicon of any orientation, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, amorphous silicon dioxide, doped silicon of any type and doping level, or even porous silicon. They may also consist of silicon carbide, glass, ceramic, composite materials, or quartz. Alternatively, the elastic return element may consist of a metal or a metal alloy, in particular a paramagnetic metal alloy, such as an alloy made of Nb-Zr or Nb-Ti.

[0259] The solution described herein uses a pivoting inertial element. Of course, the concept of the invention can also be applied to inertial elements that are designed to move in translation, for example.

[0260] In this context, the oscillation frequency of the inertial element may be between 3 Hz and 8 Hz, typically 4 Hz. This frequency can of course be selected according to the specific requirements of the timepiece, and may also be greater than or equal to 8 Hz, for example 10 Hz or between 10 Hz and 100 Hz, or even greater than or equal to 100 Hz.

[0261] Advantageously, whatever the embodiment or variant, the stiffnesses k1, k2 and k3 are such that:

[0262] k2+k3>k1, or even k2+k3>>k1, e.g. k2+k3>10×k1, and / or

[0263] The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 , in particular the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and substantially greater than the third stiffness k3 .

[0264] In particular, whatever the embodiment or variant, the stiffnesses k1, k2 and k3 may be such that:

[0265] - the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, in particular k3 = α × k1, where 0.5 ≤ α ≤ 2, and

[0266] The second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3, in particular k2=β×k1 and / or k2=β×k3, where 10≤β≤80, preferably β=20 or β-20.

[0267] Alternatively, whatever the embodiment or variant, the stiffnesses k1, k2 and k3 may be such that:

[0268] - the second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, in particular k3 = γ × k2, where 0.5 ≤ γ ≤ 2, and

[0269] The second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 , in particular k2 = δ×k1 and / or k3 = δ×k1 , where 100≤δ≤200, preferably δ=125 or δ˜125.

[0270] In a particular variant, second elastic return element 2 is a curved blade 21. Advantageously, this curved blade can be formed in the continuation of blade 11 of balance spring 1 forming first elastic return element 1.

[0271] In the different embodiments and variations described, the first elastic return element, the second elastic return element and the third elastic return element are connected to each other by a connecting member 5. The connecting member 5 can be

[0272] - forming part of the first elastic return element 1; 1', or

[0273] - in the continuation of blade 11 of balance spring 1 forming first elastic return element 1 , or

[0274] - formed in the continuation of the blades 11 ′, 12 ′ of the flexible guide 1 ′ forming the first elastic return element 1 ′.

[0275] Whatever the embodiment or variant, the inertial element 4 ; 4 ′ and the first, second and third elastic return elements may be made in one piece or may form a monolithic component.

[0276] The present invention also relates to the adjustment device 200 itself. This device can be used to adjust the adjustment system 150, 150', or the oscillator 100, 100', as described above. The adjustment device 200 can, in particular, be a device for varying the stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3. This variation in stiffness can be achieved, in particular, by varying the working or effective length of the third elastic return element 3, in particular by varying the working or effective length of at least one blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3.

[0277] In the above solution, the adjustment means are means 200 for varying the stiffness of the elastic return element, which means may more particularly be used to vary the effective or working length of the elastic return element.

[0278] Advantageously, whatever the embodiment or variant, the lever or frame 7 may be an element that is movable relative to the frame and provides abutment or support for the third elastic return element. In particular, the abutment or support may be provided by surfaces (in particular cylindrical surfaces) of the pins 81, 82 arranged to bear against the third elastic return element and in particular press against its elastic blades.

[0279] The invention also relates to a method for adjusting the aforementioned regulating system 150 ; 150 ′ or the aforementioned timepiece movement 300 or the oscillator 100 ; 100 ′ of the aforementioned timepiece 400 .

[0280] The method comprises the step of varying a third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3 .

[0281] This change in the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element 3 can be a change in the working length of the third elastic return element 3, in particular a change in the working length of at least one blade 31 of the third elastic return element 3. This change is preferably performed using an adjustment device as described above. This adjustment device makes it possible to specifically limit or even eliminate the deformation of the third elastic return element 3 at a certain point of the third elastic return element 3 that is movable along the third elastic return element 3.

[0282] The term "monolithic structure" is understood to mean a structure made of only one part, obtained for example by:

[0283] - by machining from a mass block of material, or

[0284] - by crystal growth, or

[0285] - by electroforming, or

[0286] -By sintering.

[0287] This excludes structures composed of several elements assembled relative to one another in a removable manner, in particular by means of clips or tools.

[0288] The solution described herein allows fine adjustment of the movement rate by varying the stiffness of a given elastic return element forming part of the oscillator, in particular by varying the effective length of at least one elastic blade of the elastic return element forming part of said oscillator, in particular by means of a movable lever or structure providing abutment for the elastic blade. The proposed solution can also be implemented to adjust the rate while the oscillator is in operation.

[0289] In the described solution, the oscillator has the following particularity: it comprises a first elastic return element connected to an inertial element, a second elastic return element connected in series with the first elastic return element, and a third elastic return element also connected in series with the first elastic return element and in parallel with the second elastic return element 2, the stiffness of which can be varied by means of an additional device for varying the stiffness of the third elastic return element. Advantageously, the stiffness of the third elastic return element can be varied by adjusting the effective length of at least one elastic blade of the third elastic return element, in particular by means of an additional device for varying the effective length of the third elastic return element, which can be in the form of a movable lever or structure. The movable lever or structure advantageously comprises a pin or protrusion that grips and / or holds and / or supports the third blade 31 at contact points with the pin or protrusion. At these contact points, deflection of the third blade 31 is limited or even eliminated. Advantageously, the lever or structure comprises a pair of two pins or two protrusions. Of course, the lever or structure can comprise more than two pins or two protrusions.

Claims

1. An adjustment system for a watch movement (300), comprising: - a frame (6), - an assembled balance wheel (4) pivotable about a geometric axis (A4) relative to the frame (6), - an elastic return system (1, 2, 3) configured to connect the assembled balance wheel (4) to the frame (6) such that the assembled balance wheel (4) and the elastic return system (1, 2, 3) form an oscillator (100), The elastic return system (1, 2, 3) comprises: - a first elastic return element in the form of a first hairspring (1) having a first stiffness k1, - a second elastic return element (2) having a second stiffness k2, and - a third elastic return element (3) having a third stiffness k3, The first elastic return element (1) and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in series between the assembled balance wheel (4) and the frame (6), and The third elastic return element (3) and the second elastic return element (2) are assembled in parallel between the frame (6) and the first elastic return element (1).

2. The adjustment system (150) according to claim 1, wherein The adjustment system comprises means (200) for varying the third stiffness k3.

3. The adjustment system (150) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: - k2 + k3 > k1, or even k2 + k3 >> k1, especially k2 + k3 > 10×k1, particularly k2 + k3 > 100×k1, where k2 = k3 or 0.5 < k2 / k3 < 2, and / or - k2 + k3 > k1, or even k2 + k3 >> k1, especially k2 + k3 > 10×k1, particularly k2 + k3 > 100×k1, and / or - the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1, particularly, the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and substantially greater than the third stiffness k3.

4. The adjustment system (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: - the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, particularly k3 = α×k1, where 0.5 ≤ α ≤ 2, and - the second stiffness k2 is substantially greater than the first stiffness k1 and the third stiffness k3, particularly k2 = β×k1 and / or k2 = β×k3, where 10 ≤ β ≤ 80, preferably β = 20 or β ~ 20.

5. The adjustment system (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: - the second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are similar or of the same order of magnitude, particularly k3 = γ×k2, where 0.5 ≤ γ ≤ 2, and - the second stiffness k2 and the third stiffness k3 are substantially greater than the first stiffness k1, particularly k2 = δ×k1 and / or k3 = δ×k1, where 100 ≤ δ ≤ 200, preferably δ = 125 or δ ~ 125.

6. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The assembled balance wheel (4) and the elastic return system (1, 2, 3) are configured and / or arranged such that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator (100) is between 3 Hz and 8 Hz, particularly 4 Hz or 5 Hz.

7. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The first balance spring (1) comprises at least one first blade (11) which is linked to the assembly balance (4) in particular via a collet (14) which is arranged at a first proximal end of the first blade (11) and is fastened to an axle (42) fixed to the balance (41).

8. The regulating system (150) according to the preceding claim, wherein: The first balance spring (1) comprises a first connecting member (12) which is arranged at a first distal end of the first blade (11) and which joins the first balance spring (1) to the second elastic return element (2), in particular by means of a connecting member (5).

9. The regulating system (150) according to any one of claims 7 and 8, wherein: The clamp (14), the first blade (11) and the first connecting member (12) form a one-piece component.

10. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein Said third elastic return element (3) comprises a second balance spring (3) comprising at least one second blade (31), the second proximal end (34) of which is intended to fasten said second balance spring (3) to said frame (6).

11. The regulating system (150) according to the preceding claim, wherein The second balance spring (3) also comprises a second connecting member (32) arranged at the second distal end of the second blade (31), in particular connecting the balance spring (3) to the second elastic return element (2) by means of a connecting member (5).

12. The regulating system (150) according to any one of claims 10 and 11, wherein: The second proximal end (34), the second blade (31) and the second connecting member (32) form a unitary component.

13. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The second elastic return element (2) comprises at least one pair, in particular two pairs, of elastic blades (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) forming flexible guides for the first balance spring (1) and the second balance spring (3), in particular RCC pivots, wherein the imaginary center of intersection of the blades coincides with the point through which the axis (A4) passes.

14. The regulating system (150) according to the preceding claim, wherein Each of the elastic blades (21a, 21b, 22a, 22b) is U-shaped or substantially U-shaped or V-shaped or substantially V-shaped or W-shaped or substantially W-shaped.

15. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims and claim 8 or 11, wherein The connecting member (5) comprises two plates (51, 52) for receiving a first connecting member (12) and a second connecting member (32), the two plates (51, 52) being linked to the frame (6) via the second elastic return element (2).

16. The regulating system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein At least one of the first elastic return element, the second elastic return element, and the third elastic return element can at least partially comprise: - single crystal silicon in any orientation, and / or - polysilicon, and / or - amorphous silicon, and / or - amorphous silicon dioxide, and / or - doped silicon of any type and doping level, and / or - porous silicon, and / or - Silicon carbide, and / or - glass, and / or - composite materials, and / or - technical ceramics, and / or - Quartz, and / or - metal, and / or - Metal alloys, in particular alloys made of Nb-Zr or Nb-Ti.

17. An adjustment device (200) for an adjustment system (150) according to any one of the preceding claims and claim 2, wherein the device (200) is a device for changing the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3), in particular a device for changing the working length of at least one straight, curved or spiral blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3).

18. The adjustment device (200) according to the preceding claim, wherein The adjustment device comprises a monolithic structure (900) intended to be mounted on a frame (6) of a timepiece movement (300) of a timepiece (400).

19. The adjustment device (200) according to claim 18, wherein The adjustment device (200) comprises a connecting member (5) intended to support a first elastic return element (1) of an adjustment system according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and forming part of the monolithic structure (900).

20. The adjustment device (200) according to claim 18 or 19, wherein: The regulating device (200) comprises a balance spring (1) of a regulating system according to any one of claims 1 to 16, said balance spring (1) forming part of the monolithic structure (900).

21. A timepiece movement (300) comprising a regulating system (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and / or a device (200) according to any one of claims 17 to 20.

22. A timepiece (400), in particular a wristwatch (400), comprising a regulating system (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and / or a device (200) according to any one of claims 17 to 20 and / or a timepiece movement (300) according to claim 21.

23. A method for adjusting an oscillator (100), the oscillator being the oscillator of a regulating system (150) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, the oscillator of a timepiece movement (300) according to claim 21, or the oscillator of a timepiece (400) according to claim 22, the method comprising the following steps: Changing the third stiffness k3 of the third elastic return element (3), in particular changing the working length of the third elastic return element (3), in particular changing the working length of at least one blade (31) of the third elastic return element (3).

Images