Polyvinyl chloride sizing material, preparation method thereof and cable
By preparing polyvinyl chloride rubber as the sheath material of communication cables, the problem that existing communication cables cannot simultaneously meet -40℃ cold winding and FT-4 flame retardancy under high combustible content is solved, and the performance balance of cables with high flame retardancy level is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510595620.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
When the wire diameter of existing communication cables is greater than 10mm or the number of core wires is not less than 8 pairs, the insulation layer contains more combustible materials, which makes it impossible to simultaneously meet the performance requirements of -40℃ cold winding and FT-4 level flame retardancy.
Polyvinyl chloride rubber compound is used as the sheath layer material. The formula includes SG0 type polyvinyl chloride resin, high temperature resistant plasticizer, flame retardant plasticizer, low temperature resistant plasticizer, antimony trioxide, surface modified magnesium hydroxide, decabromodiphenyl ethane, carbonizing agent, calcium zinc stabilizer and lubricant. High flame retardant grade polyvinyl chloride rubber compound is prepared through a specific process and is used for the sheath layer of communication cable.
The communication cable has achieved the performance of -40℃ cold winding and FT-4 grade flame retardancy under high combustible content, and has a temperature resistance grade of -40℃ to 105℃ and FT-4 grade flame retardancy.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel sheath rubber compounds, and in particular to a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, a preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, and a cable prepared using the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound. Background Art
[0002] Communication cables are mainly used in switch servers, host adapter buses, multi-channel interconnections, enterprise storage, etc. The application environment of communication cables is mostly outdoors, inside cabinets, etc. In order to ensure safe, long-term and effective use, communication cables need to have high performance to meet application requirements, among which the key performance is -40℃ cold winding and FT-4 flame retardancy. Existing communication cables include core wires, insulation layers and sheath layers. The insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the core wire. Its main function is to isolate the electric field and prevent current leakage or short circuit. Therefore, the core requirements of the insulation layer are high resistivity and electrical insulation performance. The sheath layer is located outside the insulation layer. Its core function is mechanical protection and environmental protection, such as waterproofing, moisture-proofing, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, etc., to ensure that the internal structure is not damaged by the outside world.
[0003] The existing communication cables have the following technical problems:
[0004] The materials used to make the insulation layer of communication cables are polyolefin materials (such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), etc.). In order to ensure the excellent electrical performance of the communication cable, the insulation layer must use pure resin. However, the pure resin of the insulation layer is combustible. Therefore, the flame retardant performance of the communication cable can only be provided by the sheath layer. When the wire diameter of the communication cable is greater than 10mm or the number of core wires of the communication cable is not less than 8 pairs, the insulation layer of the communication cable will be thicker, resulting in a large amount of combustible materials (i.e., the polyolefin material used to make the insulation layer). This will make it impossible for the communication cable to simultaneously meet the -40℃ cold winding and FT-4 flame retardancy standards.
[0005] It should be noted that the "-40℃ cold winding" recorded in the present invention means that the cable has low temperature resistance. The "-40℃ cold winding" is tested based on UL758 and UL1581 standards. The testing tools include a constant temperature testing machine and a winding tool (a round rod with a diameter twice the cable diameter). The testing steps include: setting the temperature of the constant temperature testing machine to -40±2℃, placing the cable sample and the corresponding winding tool (i.e., the round rod) into the constant temperature testing machine and freezing them for 4 hours. After completing the low-temperature treatment, take out the cable sample and the round rod, and wind the cable sample around the round rod (note: the sample is tightly wound around the round rod for a complete 6 turns, adjacent turns are in contact with each other, and the winding action is completed within 30 seconds after being taken out of the constant temperature testing machine). Check whether there are cracks on the appearance of the cable sample. The sheath layer of the cable sample that meets the "-40℃ cold winding" must not be broken and no cracks may appear on the surface of the sheath layer.
[0006] It should be noted that the "FT-4 flame retardant" described in the present invention is based on the vertical combustion test of the UL1685 standard test device. The test method of "FT-4 flame retardant" includes conducting a vertical combustion test on the cable sample to meet the "FT-4 flame retardant" cable sample requirements: the cable damage height should not exceed 150cm measured from the bottom of the cable rack; the total smoke release within 20 minutes should not exceed 150m 2 ;The maximum smoke release volume does not exceed 0.40m 2 / s. Summary of the Invention
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, which can be used to prepare the sheath layer of the cable, and can simultaneously give the cable the -40°C cold winding and FT-4 flame retardancy. The polyvinyl chloride rubber compound provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for preparing communication cables. When the number of core wires of the communication cable reaches 17 pairs (i.e., 34 wires), despite having a high combustible content (i.e., the insulation layer), the use of the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound provided by the invention to prepare the sheath layer can still give the communication cable the -40°C cold winding and FT-4 flame retardancy.
[0008] The polyvinyl chloride rubber material includes the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 20-55 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20-35 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 15-20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70-80 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, 5-10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0009] Preferably, the surface-modified magnesium hydroxide comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of kaolin, 15-20 parts of magnesium aluminum silicate, 2-5 parts of a surface treatment agent, and 5-10 parts of a modifier.
[0010] Preferably, the high temperature resistant plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate.
[0011] Preferably, the flame retardant plasticizer is a chlorinated vegetable oil, specifically Suzhou Huace HC-180.
[0012] Preferably, the low temperature resistant plasticizer is one of dioctyl adipate or dioctyl sebacate.
[0013] Preferably, the carbon-forming agent is an organically modified sheet silicate, specifically ELEMENTIS RDAS-733-1.
[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, comprising the following steps:
[0015] S100, adding SG0 type polyvinyl chloride resin and calcium zinc stabilizer according to the component ratio into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring and mixing at a speed of 200-300 r / min; when the temperature rises to 50-60°C, adding high-temperature resistant plasticizer and flame retardant plasticizer; when the temperature rises to 90-95°C, adding low-temperature resistant plasticizer, stirring and heating to 140-145°C to obtain PVC pregel powder;
[0016] S200, antimony trioxide, surface-modified magnesium hydroxide, decabromodiphenylethane, a carbonizing agent, and a lubricant are put into an internal mixer together with PVC pregel powder according to the component ratio, and plasticized. After the temperature rises to 150-160° C., the mixer is swept once;
[0017] S300, when the banburying temperature reaches 170-175°C, the blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain a primary granulated rubber material;
[0018] S400: The primary granulated rubber material is put into the internal mixer and re-mixed and heated to 150-160°C to ensure that each component is fully plasticized and dispersed. The blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion and granulation to obtain a polyvinyl chloride rubber material with a high flame retardant grade.
[0019] The present invention also provides a cable, wherein the sheath layer of the cable is prepared from the above-mentioned polyvinyl chloride rubber compound. Preferably, the cable is a communication cable.
[0020] From the above, it can be seen that the application provided by this application can obtain the following beneficial effects: the high flame retardant grade polyvinyl chloride rubber, preparation method and cable obtained by the formula and process of the present invention can enable high-speed communication cables with up to 17 pairs of core wires to have a balance between -40°C cold winding and FT-4 grade flame retardancy, and at the same time have a temperature resistance grade of -40°C to 105°C and FT-4 grade flame retardancy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0022] Example 1
[0023] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber material, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 55 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 15 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface-modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0024] The preparation steps of the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound provided in this embodiment are as follows:
[0025] S100, adding SG0 type polyvinyl chloride resin and calcium zinc stabilizer according to the component ratio into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring and mixing at a speed of 200-300 r / min; when the temperature rises to 50-60°C, adding high-temperature resistant plasticizer; when the temperature rises to 90-95°C, adding low-temperature resistant plasticizer, stirring and heating to 140-145°C to obtain PVC pregel powder;
[0026] S200, antimony trioxide, surface-modified magnesium hydroxide, decabromodiphenylethane, a carbonizing agent, and a lubricant are put into an internal mixer together with PVC pregel powder according to the component ratio, and plasticized. After the temperature rises to 150-160° C., the mixer is swept once;
[0027] S300, when the banburying temperature reaches 170-175°C, the blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain a primary granulated rubber material;
[0028] S400: The primary granulated rubber compound is put into an internal mixer and re-mixed and heated to 150-160°C to ensure that each component is fully plasticized and dispersed. The blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion and granulation to obtain a high flame retardant grade polyvinyl chloride rubber compound.
[0029] In another embodiment, a cable is provided. The highly flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride (PVC) compound obtained by the above-described preparation method is then extruded into cable wire with a diameter greater than 10 mm using an extruder. This allows for large-diameter SFP communication cables that simultaneously meet FT-4 flame retardancy and -40°C cold bending resistance.
[0030] Example 2
[0031] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber material, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 55 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 15 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface-modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0032] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0033] Example 3
[0034] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 20 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 35 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 15-20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0035] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0036] Example 4
[0037] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 35 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0038] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0039] Example 5
[0040] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 35 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 5 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0041] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0042] Example 6
[0043] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 35 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 7 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0044] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0045] Example 7
[0046] This embodiment provides a polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, the component ratio of which is as follows: 100 parts of SGO type polyvinyl chloride resin, 35 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 20 parts of antimony trioxide, 80 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenyl ethane, 10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, and 2 parts of lubricant.
[0047] The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride rubber provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.
[0048] The specific composition ratios of the polyvinyl chloride rubber compounds provided in Examples 1-7 are described in Table 1.
[0049] Table 1
[0050] raw materials Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 SG0 type PVC resin 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Trioctyl trimellitate 55 55 20 35 35 35 35 Chlorinated vegetable esters / / 35 20 20 20 20 Dioctyl adipate 15 / / / / / / Dioctyl sebacate / 15 15 15 15 15 15 Antimony trioxide 15 15 15 20 20 20 20 Decabromodiphenylethane 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 Surface modified magnesium hydroxide 70 70 70 70 70 70 80 carbon-forming agent 10 10 10 10 5 7 10 Calcium zinc stabilizer 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 lubricant 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[0051] The sheath layer of the RS485 communication transmission cable was prepared by using the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound provided in Examples 1-7. The specifications of the prepared RS485 communication transmission cables were consistent (based on the implementation standard UL AWM 2919, the wire specification of the RS485 communication transmission cable was 16AWG, the material of the insulation layer was high-density polyethylene, and the cable specification was 6X1mm 2 , the finished product outer diameter is 10 mm), the RS485 communication transmission cables corresponding to the above embodiments 1-7 are subjected to tensile strength test, low temperature winding test and combustion test, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
[0052] Table 2
[0053]
[0054] According to the formula in Table 1 and the test results in Table 2, it can be seen from the comparison of the test results of Example 1 and Example 2 that Example 1 adds dioctyl adipate, while Example 2 uses dioctyl sebacate. The performance test results show that the cable prepared in Example 2 can withstand winding at a low temperature of -40°C without cracking when using a low-temperature resistant plasticizer with a larger molecular weight. However, the plasticizers in Examples 1 and 2 are both flammable, resulting in the flame retardancy failing to meet the requirements.
[0055] From the comparison between Example 2 and Example 3, it can be seen that Example 3 replaced 35 parts of the flame retardant plasticizer, namely chlorinated vegetable oil. Although the flame retardant performance was improved, the high temperature resistance of the vegetable oil was poor, resulting in the formula being unable to meet the UL105°C aging requirements.
[0056] From the comparison between Example 3 and Example 4, it can be seen that Example 4 reduces the amount of flame retardant plasticizer and increases the amount of antimony trioxide, thereby compensating for the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant plasticizer.
[0057] From the comparison of Example 4, Example 5 and Example 6, it can be seen that Example 5 and Example 6 respectively reduced the amount of the charring agent. The results show that when the charring agent is less than 7 parts, the charring efficiency decreases, resulting in the flame retardant performance failing to meet the requirements.
[0058] From the comparison between Example 4 and Example 7, it can be seen that Example 7 adds 10 parts of modified magnesium hydroxide. The results show that the mechanical strength of the formula decreases and the UL105°C aging performance is even less than the standard. Therefore, it is not recommended to add more than 70 parts of modified magnesium hydroxide.
[0059] According to the above comparison, the formulas of Examples 4 and 6 are the formulas that meet the product requirements, that is, the formulas developed by the present invention. The high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, preparation method and cable obtained by the formula and process of the present invention can enable high-speed communication cables with up to 17 pairs of combustible core wires to have a balance between -40°C cold winding and FT-4 grade flame retardancy, and at the same time have a temperature resistance of -40°C to 105°C and a flammability grade of FT-4.
[0060] The above-described embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above-described embodiments shall be included in the scope of protection of this technical solution.
Claims
1. A polyvinyl chloride rubber compound, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of SG0 type polyvinyl chloride resin, 20-55 parts of high temperature resistant plasticizer, 20-35 parts of flame retardant plasticizer, 15 parts of low temperature resistant plasticizer, 15-20 parts of antimony trioxide, 70-80 parts of surface modified magnesium hydroxide, 25 parts of decabromodiphenylethane, 5-10 parts of carbonizing agent, 8 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer and 2 parts of lubricant.
2. The polyvinyl chloride rubber compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature resistant plasticizer is trioctyl trimellitate.
3. The polyvinyl chloride rubber compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant plasticizer is a chlorinated vegetable oil, and the specific brand is Suzhou Huace HC-180.
4. The polyvinyl chloride rubber compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature resistant plasticizer is one of dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate.
5. The polyvinyl chloride rubber compound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon-forming agent is an organic modified sheet silicate, and the specific brand is ELEMENTIS RDAS-733-1.
6. A method for preparing the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, adding SG0 type polyvinyl chloride resin and calcium zinc stabilizer according to the component ratio into a high-speed mixing pot, and stirring and mixing at a speed of 200-300 r / min; when the temperature rises to 50-60°C, adding high-temperature resistant plasticizer and flame retardant plasticizer; when the temperature rises to 90-95°C, adding low-temperature resistant plasticizer, stirring and heating to 140-145°C to obtain PVC pregel powder; S200, antimony trioxide, surface-modified magnesium hydroxide, decabromodiphenylethane, a carbonizing agent, and a lubricant are put into an internal mixer together with PVC pregel powder according to the component ratio, and plasticized. After the temperature rises to 150-160° C., the mixer is swept once; S300, when the banburying temperature reaches 170-175°C, the blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain a primary granulated rubber material; S400: The primary granulated rubber compound is put into an internal mixer and re-mixed and heated to 150-160°C to ensure that each component is fully plasticized and dispersed. The blended mixture is conveyed to a single-screw extruder for extrusion and granulation to obtain a high flame retardant grade polyvinyl chloride rubber compound.
7. A cable, characterized in that: The sheath layer of the cable is prepared by using the polyvinyl chloride rubber compound described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. The cable according to claim 7, characterized in that The cable is a communication cable.